Pneumatic system

Pneumatic system

• It is important to know that we are working with compressed air and not with a fluid like at hydraulic systems.

• Pneumatics is when compressed air is used to drive a machine.

• It consist of potential energy and the compressed air will want to expand to drive the machines.

4 Important parts

Pneumatic systems consist of the following basic parts:• Compressor• Air lines• Receiving cylinder• Valves

Compressor

• The compressor compresses the air that comes into the receiving cylinder

Air lines

• It is the lines where the air is flowing to the receiving cylinder and out again.

Receiving cylinder

• Use the compressed air to start movement of the machine.

Valves

• Control the flow of compressed air and let the right amount through to make the machine work effectively.• Only let it flow in one

direction.

Jackhammer

• The compressor compresses the air.• The compressed air flows through the air lines

to the receiving cylinder.• The receiving cylinder use the compressed air

to force the piston downwards.• The drill bit is attached to the piston.

• When the piston moves downwards the valve over the inlet airlines closes.

• If the piston moved far enough, the air is pushed out of the outlet airlines.

• A strong spring forces the piston upwards and the valve opens to let in new air.

• The air is compressed again and the whole process starts over.

Simple Mechanical System

• We can make a simple pneumatic system by using 2 syringes and a rubber pipe.

• If we put in a force of 10N on the one side, the other side will push out 10N if the syringes are both the same size.

Mechanical advantage

• Just like the hydraulic system, the output piston will be stronger than the input piston if the base of the output piston gets bigger.

• Formula:

•MA = LOAD ÷ EFFORT

Mechanical advantage

Diagram

Pressure

0.005

5000

TEST