PLC & SCADA Final Report (Adeeb Copy)

8/18/2019 PLC & SCADA Final Report (Adeeb Copy)

1/116

PLC & SCADA WIRELESS

CONTROL SYSTEM

Group Members

Muhammad Uzair Khan ECI-IT-11-084

Nasir Taj ECI-IT-12-009

Abdul Sabr Abbasi ECI-IT-11-!!!

"ilal Ahmad ECI-IT-11-0#$


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Project Supervisor

En%r& As%har Khan

DEPARTMENT O ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

!AMDARD "NI#ERSITY $ARAC!I% ISLAMAAD CAMP"S


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PLC & SCADA WIRELESS CONTROL

SYSTEM

Submi''(d ")

M&Uzair Khan* Nasir Taj* A&Sabr Abbasi + "ilal Ahmad

T,ards ar'ial .ul.illm(n' . r(/uir(m(n' .r 'h( a,ard . d(%r(( .

"ah(lrs . El('rial En%in((rin%

DEPARTMENT O ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

!AMDARD "NI#ERSITY $ARAC!I% ISLAMAAD CAMP"S


4/116

CERTIICATE

This is ' (r'i.) 'ha' 'his rj(' r(r' (n'i'l(d 3C + SCAA 5ir(l(ss Cn'rl S)s'(m6 b)

Muhammad Uzair Khan* Nasir Taj* Abdul Sabr Abbasi and "ilal Ahmad submi''(d in ar'ial

.ul.illm(n' . 'h( 7(/uir(m(n's .r Th( "ah(lrs . El('rial En%in((rin% .rm amdard

Uni(rsi') Karahi* Islamabad Camus is 'h( r(rd . andida'(s ,n ,r: arri(d u' b) 'h(m

und(r ur su(risin + %uidan(& In ur inin 'h( ,r: submi''(d has r(ah(d a l((l

r(/uir(d .r b(in% a('(d .r (;am& Th( ma''(r (mbdi(d in 'his rj(' has n' b((n

submi''(d ' an) 'h(r uni(rsi') r ins'i'u'(&

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Cmmi''((?

1& rj(' Su(risr Si%na'ur(

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

2& E;amin(r 1 Si%na'ur(

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

$& E;amin(r 2 Si%na'ur(

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>


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T'b(e o) Co*te*ts

3is' .


6/116

C!APTER - MET!ODOLOGY&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$2

$&1 In'rdu'in&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$2

$&2 Arduin S.',ar( IE&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$2

$&$ ((lm(n'&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$$

$&$&1 Arduin ((lm(n' Enirnm(n'&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$$

$&$&2 5ri'in% S:('h(s&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$4

$&$&$ S:('h ":&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$

$&4 "ards&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$9

C!APTER . #OICE&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&4#

4&1 Mirs.' S((h AI @&1 DSAI @&1&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&4#

4&2 S((h S)n'h(sis&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&4

4&$ Enum(ra'in% Bi(s&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&@0

4&4 Ma:in% Fur Cmu'(r Tal:&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&@4

4&@ Bi( E(n's&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&@8

4 Anima'in% S((h&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&@9

4& K((in% Tra: G. S:(n T(;'&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

4&8 S(a:in% ial%s&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

4&9 S((h 7(%ni'in&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&0

4&9&1 =rammars&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&14&10 Cn'inuus i'a'in 7(%ni'in&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&$

4&1$ Cmmand and Cn'rl 7(%ni'in&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&81

C!APTER / PROGRAMMING & CODING&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&8

@&1 Transmi''(r Cdin%&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&8

@&2 7((i(r Cdin%&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&88

C!APTER 0 IND"STRIAL SCOPE&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&92

APPENDICES&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&9$

Appe*1i2 A&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&94

A Hi%"(( 3a)(rs&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&94

A-i h)sial la)(r&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&94

A-ii MAC 3a)(r&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&9@

A-iii N(',r: 3a)(r&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&9@

v


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8/116

List of Figures


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10/116


11/116

List of Tables

Tabl( 2&1 Summar) . ATm(%a$28& && $


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List of Abbreviations & Notations

I Curr(n' # Bl'a%(

R 7(sis'an( #cc ,(r Sul) Bl'a%(

#ss =rund Bl'a%( #ee ,(r Sul) ' Cn'rl Cn'ras' DB

LCD 3i/uid Cr)s'al isla) RD 7(ad AC

WR 5ri'( ADC Anal% ' i%i'al Cn(r'r

Amp Amli.i(r Se* S(nsr

LDR 3i%h' ((nd(n' 7(sis'r LED 3i%h' Emi''in% id(

D id( C Caai'an(

E*c End(r Dec (d(r

Osc Gsilla'r #R Bl'a%( 7(%ula'r

SR S(ial


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$b Kil ")'(

Mb M(%a ")'(


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Dedication


15/116

Acknowledgements

Gur rj(' has b((n a r(sul' . ur ,n hard ,r: bu' 'his rj(' uld n' ha( b(m( a

r(ali') ,i'hu' 'h( sur' and h(l . man) . ur .ri(nds and .aul') m(mb(rs& 5( 'a:( 'his

r'uni') ' a:n,l(d%( 'h(ir h(l and 'han: 'h(m .r 'h(ir %d ,ill&

5( ,uld als li:( ' (;r(ss ur s(ial 'han:s . %ra'i'ud( ' Sir As%har Khan .r his sur'

and n('ual h(l a' arius '(hnial rbl(ms& Th( (r) n(' . 'h( rj(' as ,(ll as i's

r(aliza'in ,uld n' ha( b((n ssibl( ,i'hu' him&

3as'l) ,( ,uld li:( ' 'han: all 'h( .aul') m(mb(rs . amdard Ins'i'u'( . En%in((rin% and

T(hnl%) DIET .r 'h(ir sur' 'hru%hu' 'h( (%r((&

Aar' .rm ur .aul') m(mb(rs ,( ,uld als li:( ' 'han: ur lassma'(s and .ri(nds .r b(in%

,i'h us in 'his jurn() and ma:in% i' m(mrabl(&


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1 In'rdu'in ' 3C + SCAA

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO PLC & SCADA

.1 Programmable Logic Controller PLC

r%rammabl( l%i n'rll(rs D3Cs ha( b((n an in'(%ral ar' . .a'r) au'ma'in and

indus'rial r(ss n'rl .r d(ad(s& 3Cs n'rl a ,id( arra) . alia'ins .rm siml(

li%h'in% .un'ins ' (nirnm(n'al s)s'(ms ' h(mial r(ssin% lan's& Th(s( s)s'(ms

(r.rm man) .un'ins* ridin% a ari(') . anal% and di%i'al inu' and u'u' in'(r.a(s

si%nal r(ssin% da'a n(rsin and arius mmunia'in r'ls& All . 'h( 3CLs

mn(n's and .un'ins ar( (n'(r(d arund 'h( n'rll(r* ,hih is r%ramm(d .r a s(i.i

'as: 1&

Th( basi 3C mdul( mus' b( su..ii(n'l) .l(;ibl( and n.i%urabl( ' m((' 'h( di(rs( n((ds

. di..(r(n' .a'ri(s and alia'ins& Inu' s'imuli D(i'h(r anal% r di%i'al ar( r((i(d .rm

mahin(s* s(nsrs* r r(ss ((n's in 'h( .rm . l'a%( r urr(n'& Th( 3C mus' aura'(l)

in'(rr(' and n(r' 'h( s'imulus .r 'h( CU ,hih* in 'urn* d(.in(s a s(' . ins'ru'ins ' 'h(

u'u' s)s'(ms 'ha' n'rl a'ua'rs n 'h( .a'r) .lr r in an'h(r Indus'rial (nirnm(n'&

Md(rn 3Cs ,(r( in'rdu(d in 'h( 19#0s* and .r d(ad(s 'h( %(n(ral .un'in and si%nal-a'h.l, han%(d li''l(& ,((r* ',(n')-.irs'-(n'ur) r(ss n'rl is lain% n(, and 'u%h(r

d(mands n a 3C? hi%h(r (r.rman(* small(r .rm .a'r* and %r(a'(r .un'inal .l(;ibili')&

Th(r( mus' b( buil'-in r'('in a%ains' 'h( '(n'iall) dama%in% (l('rs'a'i dishar%( DES*

(l('rma%n('i in'(r.(r(n( and radi .r(/u(n) in'(r.(r(n( D7


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19/116

% In'rdu'in ' 3C + SCAA

m(OIndus'rial Au'ma'in indus'r) is %r,in% raidl) 'his is .u(l(d b) rid( sur'in%

s)s'(ms .r 'h( (ld(rl) and 'h( disabl(d* (s(iall) 'hs( ,h li( aln(& Cul(d ,i'h 'his* 'h(

,rld ula'in is n.irm(d ' b( %(''in% ld(r& m( au'ma'in s)s'(ms mus' ml) ,i'h

'h( hus(hld s'andards and n(ni(n( . usa%(& This a(r d('ails 'h( (rall d(si%n . a 3C

AN SCAA "ASE 5I7E3ESS BGICE CGMMANS CGNT7G33E SFSTEM ,hih

has b((n buil' and iml(m(n'(d& Th( au'ma'in (n'(rs n r(%ni'in . i( mmands and

us(s l,-,(r 7< TPO7; ,ir(l(ss mmunia'in mdul(s ,hih ar( r(la'i(l) h(a& Th(

hm( au'ma'in s)s'(m is in'(nd(d ' n'rl all li%h's and (l('rial alian(s in a hm( r

..i( r indus'r) usin% i( mmands& Th( s)s'(m ,ill b( '(s'(d and (ri.i(d&

. Pro'ect (aterials

Th( rj(' nsis's . 'h( .ll,in% irui's?-

1& Transmi''(r irui'2& 7((i(r irui'$& 3C4& 7(la)s irui'

1.1 )lock Diagram

PLC & !CADA "ireless Control !#stem

Com*uter"it+ voicea**lication

Com*uter!cada


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In'rdu'in ' 3C + SCAA


,nterface circuit "irelesstransmitter

Power

-eceiver andControl circuit

PLC

1$dc

,ndustrial mac+ines load controlling Circuitr#

LoadLoad%Load$Load1


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/ Th(r('ial "a:%rund

CHAPTER 2

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

.1 Ca*acitors

Caai'rs s'r( (l('ri har%(& Th() ar( us(d ,i'h r(sis'rs in 'imin% irui's b(aus( i' 'a:(s

'im( .r a aai'r ' .ill ,i'h har%(

2.11Function

Caai'rs s'r( (l('ri har%(& Th() ar( us(d ,i'h r(sis'rs in 'imin% irui's b(aus( i' 'a:(s

'im( .r a aai'r ' .ill ,i'h har%(& Th() ar( us(d ' sm'h ar)in% C suli(s b) a'in% as

a r(s(rir . har%(& Th() ar( als us(d in .il'(r irui's b(aus( aai'rs (asil) ass AC

Dhan%in% si%nals bu' 'h() bl: C Dns'an' si%nals&

i< ,3+ C'p'citor S9mbo(

Small alu( aai'rs ar( un-lariz(d and ma) b( nn('(d (i'h(r ,a) rund& Th() ar( n'

dama%(d b) h(a' ,h(n sld(rin%* (;(' .r n( unusual ')( Dl)s')r(n(& Th() ha( hi%h

l'a%( ra'in%s . a' l(as' @0B* usuall) 2@0B r s& I' an b( di..iul' ' .ind 'h( alu(s . 'h(s(

small aai'rs b(aus( 'h(r( ar( man) ')(s . 'h(m and s((ral di..(r(n' lab(lin% s)s'(ms&

i< ,3, C'p'citor Picture Di'


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0 Th(r('ial "a:%rund

i< ,3- Di))ere*t C'p'citors S9mbo(s

i< ,3. C='r


23/116

Th(r('ial "a:%rund

Cnn('(d in s(ri(s* 'h( sh(ma'i dia%ram r((als 'ha' 'h( s(ara'in dis'an(* n' 'h( la'(

ar(a* adds u& Th( aai'rs (ah s'r( ins'an'an(us har%( build-u (/ual ' 'ha' . ((r)

'h(r aai'r in 'h( s(ri(s& Th( ''al l'a%( di..(r(n( .rm (nd ' (nd is ar'in(d ' (ah

aai'r ardin% ' 'h( in(rs( . i's aai'an(& Th( (n'ir( s(ri(s a's as a

aai'r smaller 'han an) . i's mn(n's&

.$ -esistors

2.21Function

7(sis'rs r(s'ri' 'h( .l, . (l('ri urr(n'* .r (;aml( a r(sis'r is la(d in s(ri(s ,i'h a

li%h'-(mi''in% did( D3E ' limi' 'h( urr(n' assin% 'hru%h 'h( 3E&

2.22Connecting and !oldering

7(sis'rs ma) b( nn('(d (i'h(r ,a) rund& Th() ar( n' dama%(d b) h(a' ,h(n sld(rin%&

2.23-esistor alues 2 T+e resistor color code

7(sis'an( is m(asur(d in hms 'h( s)mbl .r hm is an m(%a & 1 is /ui'( small s r(sis'r

alu(s ar( .'(n %i(n in : and M & 1 : Q 1000 1 M Q 1000000 &

7(sis'r alu(s ar( nrmall) sh,n usin% lr(d bands&

Eah lr r(r(s(n's a numb(r as sh,n in 'h( 'abl(&

Ms' r(sis'rs ha( 4 bands?

• Th( )irst b'*1 %i(s 'h( )irst 1i


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i< ,3/ Resistor

This r(sis'r has r(d D2* il(' D* )(ll, D4 z(rs and %ld bands& S i's alu( is 20000

Q20 & Gn irui' dia%rams 'h( is usuall) mi''(d and 'h( alu( is ,ri''(n 20K&

Small alu( r(sis'rs Dl(ss 'han 10 hm

Th( s'andard

lur d(

ann' sh,

alu(s . l(ss

'han 10 & T

sh, 'h(s(

small alu(s

', s(ial

lrs ar(

us(d .r 'h(

t=ir1 b'*1?


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2.24 Tolerance of resistors 5rt+ band of color code6

Th( 'l(ran( . a r(sis'r is sh,n b) 'h( )ourt= b'*1 . 'h( lur d(& Tl(ran( is 'h(

precisio* . 'h( r(sis'r and i' is %i(n as a (r(n'a%(& v'(ue resistors

Dl(ss 'han abu' $00 r =i


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B Q l'a%( arss 'h( r(sis'r in l's DB

.% -ela#

A r(la) is an e(ectric'((9 oper'te1 s>itc=& Curr(n' .l,in% 'hru%h 'h( il . 'h( r(la) r(a'(s a

ma%n('i .i(ld ,hih a''ra's a l((r and han%(s 'h( s,i'h n'a's& Th( il urr(n' an b( n

r .. s r(la)s ha( ', s,i'h si'ins and 'h() ar( 1oub(e t=ro> Dc='*


27/116


• 7(la)s an s,i'h AC '*1 DC* 'ransis'rs an nl) s,i'h C&

• 7(la)s an s,i'h =iitc= r'pi1(9 D(;(' r((d r(la)s* 'ransis'rs an s,i'h man) 'im(s (r

s(nd&

• 7(la)s use more po>er du( ' 'h( urr(n' .l,in% 'hru%h 'h(ir il&

• 7(la)s re:uire more curre*t t='* m'*9 ICs c'* provi1e* s a l, ,(r 'ransis'r

ma) b( n((d(d ' s,i'h 'h( urr(n' 'h( r(la)Ls il&

i< ,34 Re('9 Co*)i


28/116

1$ Th(r('ial "a:%rund

i< ,3+ Re('9 Oper'tio*

,3. Microp=o*e

In rd(r ' s(a: ' lar%(r %rus . (l(* 'h(r( ,as a d(sir( ' inr(as( 'h( lum( . 'h(s:(n ,rd& Th( (arli(s' :n,n d(i( ' ahi(( 'his da'(s ' #00 "C ,i'h 'h( in(n'in .

mas:s ,i'h s(iall) d(si%n(d mu'h (nin%s 'ha' aus'iall) au%m(n'(d 'h( i( in

amhi'h(a'r(s& In 1##@* 'h( En%lish h)siis' 7b(r' :( ,as 'h( .irs' ' (;(rim(n' ,i'h a

m(dium 'h(r 'han air ,i'h 'h( in(n'in . 'h( Wl(rsL '(l(hn(W mad( . s'r('h(d ,ir( ,i'h a

u a''ah(d a' (ah (nd&

=(rman in(n'r Xhann hili 7(is d(si%n(d an (arl) sund 'ransmi''(r 'ha' us(d a m('alli

s'ri a''ah(d ' a ibra'in% m(mbran( 'ha' ,uld rdu( in'(rmi''(n' urr(n'& "(''(r r(sul's,(r( ahi((d ,i'h 'h( Lli/uid 'ransmi''(rL d(si%n in S''ish-Am(rian Al(;and(r =raham "(llLs

'(l(hn( . 18# 'h( diahra%m ,as a''ah(d ' a ndu'i( rd in an aid slu'in& Th(s(

s)s'(ms* h,((r* %a( a (r) r sund /uali')&

,3/ Dio1e

• Th( ms' basi r(r') . a jun'in did( is 'ha' i' ndu's an (l('ri urr(n' in n(

dir('in and bl:s i' in 'h( 'h(r& This b(hair aris(s .rm 'h( (l('rial hara'(ris'is

. a jun'in* all(d a p-n junction.


29/116

1% Th(r('ial "a:%rund

i< ,3++ Dio1e s9mbo(

,30 Li


30/116


Th( (..(' is a .rm . (l('rlumin(s(n( ,h(r( inh(r(n' and narr,-s('rum li%h' is

(mi''(d .rm 'h( -n jun'in in a slid s'a'( ma'(rial&

i< ,3+- LED sc=em'tic s9mbo(

,3 ri1


31/116

1/ Th(r('ial "a:%rund

i< ,3+. ri1


32/116


Gn( adan'a%( . a brid%( r('i.i(r (r a n(n'inal .ull-,a( r('i.i(r is 'ha' ,i'h a %i(n

'rans.rm(r 'h( brid%( r('i.i(r rdu(s a l'a%( u'u' 'ha' is n(arl) ',i( 'ha' . 'h(

n(n'inal .ull-,a( irui'&

,33+ Curre*t (o> i* t=e ri1 1oes ' tr'*s)ormer >orF



33/116


A 'rans.rm(r is bas(d n a (r) siml( .a' abu' (l('rii')? ,h(n a .lu'ua'in% (l('ri urr(n'

.l,s 'hru%h a ,ir(* i' %(n(ra'(s a ma%n('i .i(ld Dan inisibl( a''(rn . ma%n('ism r

Wma%n('i .lu;W all arund i'& Th( s'r(n%'h . 'h( ma%n('ism D,hih has 'h( ra'h(r '(hnial

nam( . ma%n('i .lu; d(nsi') is dir('l) r(la'(d ' 'h( siz( . 'h( (l('ri urr(n'& S 'h( bi%%(r

'h( urr(n'* 'h( s'rn%(r 'h( ma%n('i .i(ld& N, 'h(r(Ls an'h(r in'(r(s'in% .a' abu' (l('rii')

'& 5h(n a ma%n('i .i(ld .lu'ua'(s arund a i(( . ,ir(* i' %(n(ra'(s an (l('ri urr(n' in

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^


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processing_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiring_(development_platform)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiring_(development_platform)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax_highlightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax_highlightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brace_matchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_libraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_libraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiring_(development_platform)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_executivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processing_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiring_(development_platform)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax_highlightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax_highlightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brace_matchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_libraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_libraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiring_(development_platform)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_executivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode


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di%i'al5ri'( D3E>IN* I= // Turn on the LED

d(la) D1000 // Wait one second (1 milliseconds!

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unins'all* siml) d(l('( i's dir('r)&

-3-3-3/ Seri'( Mo*itor

isla)s s(rial da'a b(in% s(n' .rm 'h( Arduin bard DUS" r s(rial bard& T s(nd da'a ' 'h(

bard* (n'(r '(;' and li: n 'h( Ws(ndW bu''n r r(ss (n'(r& Chs( 'h( baud ra'( .rm 'h(

dr-d,n 'ha' ma'h(s 'h( ra'( ass(d 'S(rial&b(%in in )ur s:('h& N'( 'ha' n Ma r 3inu;*

'h( Arduin bard ,ill r(s(' Dr(run )ur s:('h .rm 'h( b(%innin% ,h(n )u nn(' ,i'h 'h(

s(rial mni'r& Fu an als 'al: ' 'h( bard .rm r(ssin%*


56/116

7 Indus'rial S(

An ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('* usin% 'h( 'ib' b' lad(r D11@200 baud*

0&@ K"&

Ardui"o %uemila"ove &' ATme!a()*

An ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('&

Ardui"o %iecimila or %uemila"ove &' ATme!a+,*

An ATm(%a1#8 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('& Cmila'in and ulad is (/uial(n' '

Arduin N= r ld(r ,O ATm(%a1#8* bu' 'h( b' lad(r burn(d has a .as'(r 'im(u' Dand blin:s

'h( in 1$ 3E nl) n( n r(s('&

Ardui"o -a"o &' ATme!a()*

An ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('& as (i%h' anal% inu's&

Ardui"o -a"o &' ATme!a+,*

An ATm(%a1#8 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('& Cmila'in and ulad is (/uial(n' '

Arduin N= r ld(r ,O ATm(%a1#8* bu' 'h( b'lad(r burn(d has a .as'(r 'im(u' Dand blin:s

'h( in 1$ 3E nl) n( n r(s('& as (i%h' anal% inu's&

Ardui"o Me!a ),/ or Me!a A%0

An ATm(%a2@#0 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('* usin% a s':@002 b'lad(r&

Ardui"o Me!a 1ATme!a+)*/2

An ATm(%a1280 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('&

Ardui"o Leo"ardo

An ATm(%a$2u4 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('&

Ardui"o Mi"i &' ATme!a()*

An ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('* usin% 'h( 'ib' b'lad(r D11@200 baud*

0&@ K"& as (i%h' anal% inu's&

Ardui"o Mi"i &' ATme!a+,*



57/116

1 Indus'rial S(

E/uial(n' ' Arduin N= r ld(r ,O ATm(%a1#8 Di&(& an ATm(%a1#8 runnin% a'

1# Mz ,i'hu' au'-r(s('&

Ardui"o 3ther"et

E/uial(n' ' Arduin UNG ,i'h an E'h(rn(' shi(ld&

Ardui"o Fio

An ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 8 Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('& E/uial(n' ' Arduin r r r Mini D$&$B*

8 Mz ,O ATm(%a$28&

Ardui"o BT &' ATme!a()*

ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 1# Mz Th( b'lad(r burn(d D4 K" inlud(s d(s ' ini'ializ( 'h(

n-bard "lu(''h mdul(&

Ardui"o BT &' ATme!a+,*

ATm(%a1#8 runnin% a' 1# Mz 'h( b'lad(r burn(d inlud(s d(s ' ini'ializ( 'h( n-bard

"lu(''h mdul(&

Lily ad Ardui"o &' ATme!a()*

An ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 8 Mz D$&$B ,i'h au'-r(s('& E/uial(n' ' Arduin r r r Mini

D$&$B* 8 Mz ,O ATm(%a$28&

Lily ad Ardui"o &' ATme!a+,*

An ATm(%a1#8 runnin% a' 8 Mz Cmila'in and ulad is (/uial(n' ' 'h( Arduin r r

r Mini D8 Mz ,O ATm(%a1#8& Th( b'lad(r burn(d* h,((r* has a sl,(r 'im(u' Dand

blin:s 'h( in 1$ 3E 'hr(( 'im(s n r(s(' b(aus( 'h( ri%inal (rsins . 'h( 3il) ad didnL'

sur' au'-r(s('& Th() als didnL' inlud( an (;'(rnal l:* s 'h( burn b'lad(r mmand

n.i%ur(s 'h( .us(s . ATm(%a1#8 .r an in'(rnal 8 Mz l:&

I. )u ha( a r((n' (rsin . 'h( 3il) ad* D,O a #-in r%rammin% h(ad(r* )uLll ,an' '

s(l(' Arduin r r r Mini D8Mz ,O ATm(%a1#8 b(.r( burnin% 'h( b'lad(r&

Ardui"o ro or ro Mi"i 145 +, MH62 &' ATme!a()*

An ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('& E/uial(n' ' Arduin u(milan( r Nan

,O ATm(%a$28&



58/116

$ Indus'rial S(

Ardui"o ro or ro Mi"i 145 +, MH62 &' ATme!a+,*

An ATm(%a1#8 runnin% a' 1# Mz ,i'h au'-r(s('& E/uial(n' ' Arduin i(imila*

u(milan(* r Nan ,O ATm(%a1#8&

Ardui"o ro or ro Mi"i 1(.(45 * MH62 &' ATme!a()*

An ATm(%a$28 runnin% a' 8 Mz D$&$B ,i'h au'-r(s('& E/uial(n' ' 3il) ad Arduin

,O ATm(%a$28&

Ardui"o ro or ro Mi"i 1(.(45 * MH62 &' ATme!a+,*

An ATm(%a1#8 runnin% a' 8 Mz D$&$B ,i'h au'-r(s('&

Ardui"o -7 or older &' ATme!a+,*

An ATm(%a1#8 runnin% a' 1# Mz &ithout au'-r(s('& Cmila'in and ulad is (/uial(n' '

Arduin i(imila r u(milan( ,O ATm(%a1#8* bu' 'h( b' lad(r burn(d has a sl,(r

'im(u' Dand blin:s 'h( in 1$ 3E 'hr(( 'im(s n r(s('&

Ardui"o -7 or older &' ATme!a*

An ATm(%a8 runnin% a' 1# Mz &ithout au'-r(s('&

-3. !'r1>'re Met=o1o(o


59/116

% Indus'rial S(

i< -3+ Tr'*smitter circuit 1i'


60/116

Indus'rial S(

i< -3, Receiver Circuit 1i'


61/116

/ Indus'rial S(

-3/ PLC CONNECTIONS

i< -3- PLC Co**ectio*s



62/116

CHAPTER 4

VOICE

.1 (icrosoft !*eec+ AP, v/.1 5!AP, /.16

This ar'il( l:s a' addin% sur' .r s((h aabili'i(s ' Mirs.' 5ind,s alia'ins

,ri''(n in (lhi* usin% 'h( Mirs.' S((h AI (rsin @&1 DSAI @&1&

SAI @&1 (;s(s ms' . 'h( imr'an' in'(r.a(s* ')(s and ns'an's 'hru%h a r(%is'(r(d ')(

librar) DSAI @&0 did n' d 'his* ma:in% i' di..iul' ' us( in (lhi ,i'hu' sm(n( ,ri'in%

'h( (/uial(n' . 'h( XEI imr' uni' .r SAI @& This m(ans 'ha' )u an a(ss SAI @&1

.un'inali') 'hru%h la'( bund r (arl) bund Au'ma'in& 5( ,ill .us ur a''(n'in n (arl)

bund Au'ma'in* ,hih r(/uir(s )u ' imr' 'h( ')( librar)&

Chs( rj(' ` Imr' T)( 3ibrar)&&& and la'( 'h( ')( librar) d(srib(d as *icrosoft peech

'bject Librar# ("ersion .1! in 'h( lis'& N, (nsur( 'h( =(n(ra'( Cmn(n' 5ra(r h(:b;

is h(:(d s 'h( ')( librar) imr' uni' ,ill inlud( mn(n' ,ra(r lass(s .r (ah

(;s(d Au'ma'in bj('& Th(s( mn(n's ,ill % n 'h( cti)e0 a%( . 'h( Cmn(n'

al(''( b) d(.aul'* bu' )u ma) ,ish ' s(i.) a mr( arria'( a%(* suh as 2 .1&

N, r(ss Ins'all&&& s 'h( ')( librar) ,ill b( imr'(d and 'h( %(n(ra'(d mn(n's ,ill b(

ins'all(d n' 'h( Cmn(n' al(''( Dr(ssin% Cr(a'( Uni' ,uld als %(n(ra'( 'h( ')( librar)

imr' uni'* bu' ,uld r(/uir( us ' ins'all i' manuall)&

Th( %(n(ra'(d imr' uni' is all(d S((h3ib>T3"&as and ,ill b( ins'all(d in a a:a%(& Fu

an (i'h(r s(l(' 'h( d(.aul' a:a%( ..(r(d D'h( orland $ser +omponents a:a%( b) d(.aul'*

hs( ' (n a di..(r(n' a:a%( r ((n r(a'( a n(, n(& 5h(n 'h( a:a%( is mil(d and

ins'all(d )u ,ill %(' a ,hin% s(' . 19 n(, mn(n's n 'h( 2 .1 a%( . 'h(

Cmn(n' al(''(&

Eah mn(n' is nam(d a.'(r 'h( rimar) in'(r.a( i' iml(m(n's& S .r (;aml(*

'h( TSBi( mn(n' iml(m(n's 'h( SBi( in'(r.a(& Fu an .ind abundan'

dum(n'a'in n all 'h(s( in'(r.a(s in 'h( SAI @&1 SK dum(n'a'in&



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7(ad)mad( SAI @&1 a:a%(s n'ainin% Au'ma'in mn(n's .r (lhi @* # and an b(

.und in arria'(l) nam(d subdir('ri(s und(r SAI @&1 in 'h( aman)in% .il(s&

I. )u ar( usin% (lhi # )u ,ill (nun'(r a rbl(m 'ha' is s'ill r(s(n' ((n ,i'h Uda'(

a: 2 ins'all(d& Th( ')( librar) imr'(r has a bu% ,h(r( 'h( aram('(rs ' Au'ma'in ((n's

ar( inrr('l) disa'h(d D'h() ar( s(n' in r((rs( rd(r m(anin% 'ha' all 'h( Au'ma'in ((n's

(ra'( inrr('l) Di. a' all& Fu an aid 'his b) imr'in% 'h( ')( librar) in (lhi @ r

and usin% 'h( %(n(ra'(d ')( librar) imr' uni' in (lhi #& A (lhi # ma'ibl( a:a%( is

suli(d ,i'h t=is 'rtic(eKs )i(es Di' us(s a (lhi @ %(n(ra'(d ')( librar) imr' uni'&

Th( (lhi ')( librar) imr'(r has b((n imr(d ' rdu( mr( aura'( asal

r(r(s(n'a'ins . i'(ms in 'h( ')( librar) 'han (lhi @ did Dand 'han (lhi # 'ri(d '& As a

r(sul' . 'his* 'h( ((n' handl(rs ,ill .'(n ha( di..(r(n' aram('(r lis's in 'h( (lhi imr'(d

')( librar)& This m(ans 'ha' 'h( saml( r%rams ,nL' mil( ,i'h (lhi ,i'h 'h( 'ru(

(lhi SAI ')( librar) imr' uni'&

I. )u ,ish* )u an ,ri'( la'( bund Au'ma'in 'ha' alls Cr(a'(Gl(Gbj(' ' ins'an'ia'( 'h(

Au'ma'in bj('s& In 'h( as( . 'h( SBi( in'(r.a(* )u ,uld (;(u'(?

v'r

SBi(? Barian'

&&&

SBi( ?Q Cr(a'(Gl(Gbj('D42.p"oice4

.3, Speec= S9*t=esis

A' i's siml(s' l((l* all )u n((d ' d ' %(' )ur r%ram ' s(a: is ' us(

a TSBi( Au'ma'in bj(' and all 'h( S(a: m('hd& A 'riial alia'in 'ha' d(s 'his an

b( .und in 'h( T(;'TS((hSiml(&dr rj(' in t=e )i(es 'ssoci'te1 >it= t=is 'rtic(e& Th(

d( l:s li:( 'his?

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h&"u''n1Cli:DS(nd(r? TGbj('


http://codecentral.borland.com/codecentral/ccWeb.exe/listing?id=19511http://codecentral.borland.com/codecentral/ccWeb.exe/listing?id=19511http://codecentral.borland.com/codecentral/ccWeb.exe/listing?id=19511http://codecentral.borland.com/codecentral/ccWeb.exe/listing?id=19511


64/116

be


65/116


66/116

n'i( 'ha' as 'h( '(;' is s:(n* 'h( urr(n' s(n'(n( is i'aliiz(d and 'h( urr(n' ,rd is

disla)(d s(l('(d and als 'h( hn(m(s s:(n ar( ,ri''(n ' a m(m&

i< .3, Speec= Test ,

Th( .ll,in% s('ins d(srib( 'h( imr'an' ar's . 'h( d( .rm 'his rj('&

.3- E*umer'ti*< #oices

Th( .irs' 'hin% 'h( r%ram d(s is ' add a lis' . all 'h( aailabl( i(s ' 'h( mb b; and

s(' 'h( ra'( and lum( 'ra: bar si'ins& Th( la''(r ar' . 'his is 'riial as 'h( i( ra'( and

lum( ar( al,a)s ,i'hin r(d('(rmin(d ran%(s D'h( lum( is in 'h( ran%( 0 ' 100 and 'h( ra'(

is in 'h( ran%( -10 ' 10&



67/116

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h&Add7(.

e*1

i) bBi(s&I'(ms&Cun' V 0 t=e*

be


68/116

bBi(s&I'(mInd(; ?Q 0 //elect 1st )oice

bBi(s&GnChan%(DbBi(s //7 ensure 'n+hange triggers

e*1

3%D4Enumerated )oices4

3%D4bout to chec, attributes4

'b7a'(&si'in ?Q SBi(&7a'(

lbl7a'(&Ca'in ?Q In'TS'rD'b7a'(&si'in

'bBlum(&si'in ?Q SBi(&Blum(

lblBlum(&Ca'in ?Q In'TS'rD'bBlum(&si'in

3%D4+hec,ed attributes4

e*1

Th( SBi( bj('Ls =('Bi(s m('hd r('urns a ll('in bj(' 'ha' all,s a(ss ' (ah

i( as an IS((hGbj('T:(n& In 'his d(* b'h aram('(rs ar( ass(d as (m') s'rin%s* bu'

'h( .irs' an b( us(d ' s(i.) r(/uir(d aram('(rs . 'h( r('urn(d i(s and 'h( s(nd .r

'inal aram('(rs& S a all '=('Bi(sDL=(nd(r Q mal(L* LL ,uld r('urn nl) mal( i(s&

In rd(r ' :(( 'ra: . 'h( i(s* 'h(s( IS((hGbj('T:(n in'(r.a(s ar( add(d* aln% ,i'h a

d(sri'in* ' 'h( mb b;Js I'(ms D'h( d(sri'in in 'h( S'rin%s arra) and 'h( in'(r.a(s in

'h( Gbj('s arra)&

S'rin% an in'(r.a( r(.(r(n( in an bj(' r(.(r(n( is ssibl( as ln% as ,( r(m(mb(r (;a'l)

,ha' ,( s'r(d* and ,( dnL' ma:( 'h( mis'a:( . a(ssin% i' as an bj(' r(.(r(n(& Als* sin(

'h( in'(r.a( r(.(r(n( is s'r(d usin% an inarria'( ')(* i' is imr'an' ' manuall)

inr(m(n' i's r(.(r(n( un' ' s' i' b(in% d(s'r)(d ,h(n 'h( 7T3 d( d(r(m(n's 'h(

r(.(r(n( un' a' 'h( (nd . 'h( m('hd&



69/116

Th( Gn (s'r) ((n' handl(r 'idi(s u 'h(s( d(sri'r bj('s b) d(r(m(n'in% 'h(ir r(.(r(n(

un's* 'h(r(b) all,in% 'h(m ' b( d(s'r)(d&

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h&


70/116

bBi(s&I'(ms&Gbj('sbBi(s&I'(mInd(;

SBi(&Bi( ?Q SGT:(n

AddD


71/116

SBi(&7(sum(

"((naus(d ?Q


72/116

e*1

&&&

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h7(ad5rd&


73/116

be


74/116

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h7(ad5rd&b'nS'Cli:DS(nd(r? TGbj('

be


75/116

co*st

hn(m(s? 'rr'91&&49 o) Stri*4 * 4?4 *

414 * 4@4 * 4aa4 * 4ae4 * 4ah4 * 4ao4 * 4a&4 *

4a


76/116

En%lish s((h and 'h(s( ar( bas(d n 'h( isn() 1$ is(m(s Dar'ns ha( l(ss %ranulari') and

isn() anima'rs dis(r(d man) )(ars a% 'ha' nl) 1$ ar'n mu'h sha(s ar( r(/uir(d '

r(r(s(n' all En%lish hn(m(s&

I. )u ha( sm( ar'is'i .lair and an dra, a mu'h in (ah si'in r(r(s(n'(d b) 'h( is(m(s

)u uld us( 'his ((n' ' rid( a siml( anima'(d r(r(s(n'a'in . s((h&

Th( SAI @&1 SK m(s ,i'h a C (;aml( all(d TTSA* ,hih disla)s an anima'(d

ar'n mirhn( ,hs( mu'h is dra,n ' r(r(s(n' (ah is(m(& Th( mirhn( is mad(

u .rm a numb(r . s(ara'( ima%(s 'ha' an all b( lad(d in' an ima%( lis'& Th(

addi'inal 1emo pro


77/116

11* // ?"2E*E?116 //

9* // ?"2E*E?1@6 // h

$* // ?"2E*E?136 // r

#* // ?"2E*E?16 // l

* // ?"2E*E?16 // s6 A

8* // ?"2E*E?1F6 // C6 +C6 JC6 KC

@* // ?"2E*E?1G6 // TC6 DC

4* // ?"2E*E?1H6 // f6 )

* // ?"2E*E?1I6 // d6 t6 n

9* // ?"2E*E?@6 // ,6 g6 %;

1 // ?"2E*E?@16 // p6 b6 m

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h&SBi(Bis(m(DS(nd(r? TGbj('

S'r(amNumb(r? In'(%(r S'r(amsi'in? Gl(Barian' ura'in? In'(%(r

N(;'Bis(m(Id*


78/116

i) Bis(m(sCurr(n'Bis(m(Id mo1 # Q 2 t=e*

im%sMi&ra,DbMi&Canas* 0* 0* E)(sNarr,

e(se

i) Bis(m(sCurr(n'Bis(m(Id mo1 # Q @ t=e*

im%sMi&ra,DbMi&Canas* 0* 0* E)(sCls(d

e*1

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h&bMiain'DS(nd(r? TGbj('

be


79/116

i< .3- Speec= Test -

Fu an 'a:( 'his id(a .ur'h(r i. )u n((d* b) usin% ima%(s . a (rsnLs .a( sa)in% (ah . 'h(

22 is(m(s D.r r(al (l( i' s((ms ' ,r: b(s' i. )u us( 22 ima%(s* ra'h(r 'han 1$& This ,a)

)u an anima'( a r(al (rsnLs .a( in s)n ,i'h 'h( s:(n '(;' /ui'( 'riiall)&



80/116

i< .3. Speec= Test .

.3 $eepi*< Tr'c O) Spoe* Te2t

5( an us( Gn5rd and GnS(n'(n( ' hi%hli%h' 'h( urr(n'l) s:(n ,r: r s(n'(n(* as 'h(

((n's rid( 'h( hara'(r ..s(' and l(n%'h . 'h( (r'in(n' hara'(rs in 'h( '(;'& S ,h(n a

s(n'(n( is s'ar'(d* 'h( GnS(n'(n( ((n' '(lls )u ,hih hara'(r in 'h( '(;' is 'h( s'ar' . 'h(

s(n'(n(* and als h, ln% 'h( s(n'(n( is&

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h&S('T(;'ili'(D


81/116

e*1

proce1ure T.rmT(;'TS((h&S('T(;'S')l(D


82/116

3(n%'h? In'(%(r

be


83/116

S'r(amNumb(r* Stri*


84/116

Sr((n&GnA'i(


85/116


86/116

M(ssa%(l%D4a)e changes>4 * m'Cn.irma'in* mbF(sNCan(l* 0

aus(s 'h( 7(adBC3ial% ru'in( ' build u and sa) 'his '(;'?

Cn.irm&

Sa( han%(s!&

F(s* N* Can(l*

N'i( 'h( .ull s's a' 'h( (nd . (ah lin( ' bri(.l) aus( 'h( s((h (n%in( a' 'ha' in' b(.r(

min% n&

.34 Speec= Reco


87/116


88/116

-- 7ul( d(.ini'ins --V

7U3E NAMEQWs'ar'W IQW7I>s'ar'W TG3EBE3QWACTIBEWV

3V

Vr(dOV

Vblu(OV

V%r((nOV

O3V

O7U3EV

O=7AMMA7V

Th( =7AMMA7 r' nd( d(.in(s 'h( lan%ua%( as "ri'ish En%lish Dc809* Am(rian En%lish is

c409& N'( 'ha' 'h( colour rul( is a ' l((l rul( and has b((n mar:(d ' b( a'i( b) d(.aul'*

m(anin% i' ,ill b( a'i( ,h(n((r s((h r(%ni'in is (nabl(d .r 'his n'(;'&

=rammars sur' lis's ' ma:( iml(m(n'in% man) similar mmands (as) and als sur'

'inal s('ins&


89/116

=7AMMA7 3AN=IQW809WV

Es'ar'W BA3QW1WOV

OEs'ar'W TG3EBE3QWACTIBEWV

VlurOV

7U3E7E< NAMEQWlurW OV

GVl(as(OGV

O7U3EV

7U3E NAMEQWlurWV

3V

Vr(dOV

Vblu(OV

V%r((nOV

O3V

O7U3EV

O=7AMMA7V

Fu an .ind mr( d('ails abu' 'h( sur'(d %rammar s)n'a; in 'h( SAI dum(n'a'in



90/116

.3+ Co*ti*uous Dict'tio* Reco


91/116

(lhi ((n's in 'h( (lhi Au'ma'in bj(' mn(n' ,ra(rs& This %r(a'l) simli.i(s 'h(

jb . r(sndin% ' 'h( n'i.ia'ins&

Th( main ((n' is Gn7(%ni'in* ,hih is all(d ,h(n 'h( S7 (n%in( has d(id(d ,ha' has

b((n s:(n& 5hils' ,r:in% i' u'* i' ,ill li:(l) all 'h(Gn)'h(sis ((n' s((ral 'im(s&


92/116

i< .3/ Dict'tio* Test

"'h Gn7(%ni'in and Gn)'h(sis ar( ass(d a 7(sul' aram('(r 'his is

an IS((h7(7(sul' r(sul's bj('& In (lhi 'his is d(lar(d usin% 'h(

rr(' IS((h7(7(sul' in'(r.a( ')(* bu' in (arli(r (rsins 'his ,as jus' d(lar(d as

an Gl(Barian' D,hih n'ain(d 'h( IS((h7(7(sul' in'(r.a(&

This d( an b( us(d in (lhi # and (arli(r ' a(ss 'h( '(;' 'ha' ,as r(%nis(d?

proce1ure T.rmCn'inuusi'a'in&SShar(d7(Cn'(;')'h(sisD

S(nd(r? TGbj(' S'r(amNumb(r? In'(%(r S'r(amsi'in? Gl(Barian'

v'r 7(sul'? Gl(Barian'

be


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S(nd(r? TGbj(' S'r(amNumb(r? In'(%(r S'r(amsi'in? Gl(Barian'

v'r 7(sul'? Gl(Barian'

v'r

S77(sul'? IS((h7(7(sul'

be


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In (lhi 'h( d( shuld l: li:( 'his?


AS(nd(r? TGbj(' S'r(amNumb(r? In'(%(r S'r(amsi'in? Gl(Barian'

co*st 7(sul'? IS((h7(7(sul'

be


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SUI>Add7(m(5rd Q 4dd8emo)eWord4

SUI>Us(rTrainin% Q 4$serTraining4

SUI>MiTrainin% Q 4*icTraining4

SUI>7(r.il(r(r'i(s Q 48ecorofileroperties4

SUI>Audir(r'i(s Q 4udioroperties4

SUI>AudiBlum( Q 4udio"olume4

proce1ure T.rmCn'inuusi'a'in&b'nEn%in(rsCli:DS(nd(r? TGbj('

beEn%in(r(r'i(s* 4Engine roperties4

e*1

proce1ure T.rmCn'inuusi'a'in&b'nUs(rS(''in%sCli:DS(nd(r? TGbj('

be7(r.il(r(r'i(s* 4$ser ettings4

e*1

proce1ure T.rmCn'inuusi'a'in&b'n3(;inCli:DS(nd(r? TGbj('

beAdd7(m(5rd* 4dd/8emo)e Word4

e*1



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proce1ure T.rmCn'inuusi'a'in&In:(UIDco*st T)(G.UI* Ca'in?

5id(S'rin%

v'r

U? Gl(Barian'

behs(nlurW BA3QW2WOV

I NAMEQWI>luralu(W BA3QW$WOV


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OE


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id(n'i.i(d r%ramma'iall) Dra'h(r 'han b) sannin% 'h( r(%nis(d '(;' 'han:s ' i' b(in%

d(.in(d as a r(r') Dchosencolour &

Th( lur rul( d(.in(s n( . 'hr(( lurs 'ha' an b( s:(n* (ah . ,hih has a alu(

d(.in(d .r i'& A%ain* 'his alu( ,ill b( a(ssibl( 'han:s ' 'h( lis' b(in% d(.in(d as a r(r')

Dcolour)alue&

This %rammar is s'r(d in an PM3 .il( and lad(d in 'h( GnCr(a'( ((n' handl(r&

proce1ure T.rmCmmandAndCn'rl&


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• lur %r((n

• lur blu( l(as(

• r(d

proce1ure T.rmCmmandAndCn'rl&SShar(d7(Cn'(;'7(%ni'inD

AS(nd(r? TGbj(' S'r(amNumb(r? In'(%(r S'r(amsi'in? Gl(Barian'

7(%ni'inT)(? TGl(Enum co*st 7(sul'? IS((h7(7(sul'

beit= 7(sul'&hras(In. 1o

be


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r? IS((hhras(r(r')

a'h3? In'(%(r

be


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CHAPTER 5

PROGRAMMING & CODING

.1 Transmitter Coding

\inlud( Bir'ual5ir(&hV

\inlud( S'rin%&hV

ns' in' l(d>in Q 11

ns' in' 'ransmi'>in Q 12

ns' in' 'ransmi'>(n>in Q $

in' ldr Q A0

S'rin% s'r

har s'r2

id s('uD

]

OO Ini'ialis( 'h( IG and IS7

,>s('>';>inD'ransmi'>in

S(rial&b(%inD9#00

,>s('uD2000 OO "i's (r s(

inMd(Dl(d>in* GUTUT

inMd(Dldr* INUT^

b)'( un' Q 1



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id lD

]

i.DS(rial&aailabl(DV0

]

har m(ssa%( Q S(rial&r(adD

s'r Q S'rin%Dm(ssa%(

s'r&'CharArra)Ds'r*2

OOhar ms% Q ]LhL*L(L*LlL*LlL*LL*L L*L\L^

OOhar ms%12 Q W.ahad i l( )u W

OO ms%# Q un'

di%i'al5ri'(Dl(d>in* I= OO ' s'r* 1 OO han%( 'his numb(r ardin% ' 'h( s(nsr alu(s

,>,ai'>';D OO 5ai' un'il 'h( ,hl( m(ssa%( is %n(

di%i'al5ri'(Dl(d>in* 3G5

un' Q un' 1^

^

/.$ -eceiver Coding

\inlud( Bir'ual5ir(&hV

ns' in' r((i(>in Q 11

in' lad1 Q 2



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in' lad2 Q $

in' lad$ Q 4

in' lad4 Q @

in' lad@ Q #

in' lad# Q

id s('uD

]

d(la)D1000

S(rial&b(%inD9#00 OO (bu%%in% nl)

S(rial&rin'lnDWs('uW

OO Ini'ialis( 'h( IG and IS7

,>s('>r;>inDr((i(>in

,>s('>''>in(r'(dD'ru( OO 7(/uir(d .r 7$100

,>s('uD2000 OO "i's (r s(

,>r;>s'ar'D OO S'ar' 'h( r((i(r 33 runnin%

inMd(Dlad1* GUTUT

inMd(Dlad2* GUTUT

inMd(Dlad$* GUTUT

inMd(Dlad4* GUTUT

inMd(Dlad@* GUTUT

inMd(Dlad# * GUTUT



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^

id lD

]

uin'8>' bu.B5>MAP>MESSA=E>3EN

uin'8>' bu.l(n Q B5>MAP>MESSA=E>3EN

i. D,>%('>m(ssa%(Dbu.* +bu.l(n OO Nn-bl:in%

]

in' i

.r Di Q 0 i bu.l(n i

]

har Q Dbu.i

S(rial&rin'D

i.D QQ LaL

di%i'al5ri'(Dlad1* I=

i.D QQ LbL

di%i'al5ri'(Dlad1* 3G5

i.D QQ LL


i.D QQ LdL


i.D QQ L(L



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di%i'al5ri'(Dlad$* I=

i.D QQ L.L

di%i'al5ri'(Dlad$* 3G5

i.D QQ L%L


i.D QQ LhL


i.D QQ LiL

di%i'al5ri'(Dlad@* I=

i.D QQ LjL

di%i'al5ri'(Dlad@* 3G5

i.D QQ L:L

di%i'al5ri'(Dlad#* I=

i.D QQ LlL

di%i'al5ri'(Dlad#* 3G5^^

^



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CHAPTER 6

INDUSTRIAL SCOPE

1& i%h %rad( mana%(m(n' s)s'(m is ad'(d and mu'(r mr(h(nsi( mana%(m(n's)s'(m is (s'ablish(d&

2& 3C + SCAA is us(d .r i's lar%( r(du'in in /uan'i') . m(dia'(-r(la) and hard-

,irin%* 'h( r(habili') and .l(;ibili') . 'h( s)s'(m ar( %r(a'l) (nhan(d&$& This s)s'(m is sui'abl( n' nl) .r 'h( r(/uir(m(n' . Sil n'rl* bu' als .r 'h( 'h(r

indus'rial r(/uir(m(n's . r(ss (ra'ins . ri( mill* .lur mill * .((d mill* il

r(.in(r* .ds'u.. .a'r) ('&4& I' has la)(d an imr'an' rl( in s((din% u harbur 'ransr'a'in&@& I' n'ribu'(s ' 'h( mr(h(nsi( .un'ins . mni'rin% and n'rllin%* ma'(rnal

bl:a%( and (/uim(n' s'a%( ar( lar%(l) d(r(as(d* labr s'r(n%'h is %r(a'l) r(du(d

and 'h( mana%(m(n' is als uda'(d ' 'h( .ur'h(r hi%h l((l bas(d n 'h( r(la(m(n' .

'radi'inal n'rl d(s: and mimi an(l ,i'h mu'(r n.i%ura'in n'rl and

(ra'in in'(r.a(&#& This s)s'(m .(a'ur(s? dir(' di%i'al n'rl* hi%h in'(r.(r(n(-.r(( abili')* abslu'(

r(habili') and l(ss dim(nsin&& All ,r:in% (ra'ins an b( r(aliz(d b) 'imizin% s(l('in . r(ss ru'( dir('in

ardin% ' '(hnl%ial d(mands&8& Th( smar' (ra'ins .r au' alarm* s(/u(n' and (m(r%(n' s' ar( r(a'(d&9& Th( alia'in . 'his s)s'(m r(du(s 'h( labr s'r(n%'h* aids inharmnius (ra'in

lin:s and d(la)s r(slu'in .r r(mal . (/uim(n' .ailur(* d(r(as(s mis'a:(s r

(rrrs* and rid(s 'h( '(hnl%ial (nirnm(n' .r u%rad( . (/uim(n' u'iliza'in

ra'i* labr rdu'ii') and aabili') . %ram handlin%&



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4%

APP8ND,C8!



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4 A(ndi; A

A**endi9 A

A6 :ig)ee La#ers

i


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4/ A(ndi; A

91@Mz band ,hih usin% 10 hann(ls and 8#8Mz band usin% 1 hann(l& All 'hr(( usin%

ir(' Sr(ad S('rum S(/u(nin% DSSS a(ss md(&

P!Y P'cet ie(1s

• r(ambl( D$2 bi's s)nhrniza'in

• S'ar' . a:(' (limi'(r D8 bi's

• F (ad(r D8 bi's SU l(n%'h

• SU D0 ' 101# bi's a'a .i(ld

Aii6 (AC La#er

This la)(r rid(s in'(r.a( b(',((n h)sial la)(r and n(',r: la)(r& This rid(s ',

s(ri(s MAC da'a s(ri(s and MAC mana%(m(n' s(ri( in'(r.ain% ' 'h( MAC sub 3a)(r

Mana%(m(n' En'i') DM3ME S(ri( A(ss in' all(d DM3ME-SA& Th( MAC da'a s(ri(

(nabl(s 'h( 'ransmissin and r(('in . MAC r'l a'a Uni's DMUs arss 'h( F

da'a s(ri(& MAC la)(r is r(snsibl( .r %(n(ra'in% b(ans and s)nhrnizin% d(i(s ' 'h(

b(an si%nal in a b(an (nabl(d s(ri(s& I' is als (r.rmin% assia'in and dissia'in

.un'in& I' d(.in(s .ur .ram( s'ru'ur(s* ar( "(an .ram(* a'a .ram(* A:n,l(d%( .ram(*

MAC mmand .ram(& "asiall) 'h(r( ar( ', ')(s . 'l%) s'ar and ((r ' ((r& ((r '

((r 'l%) an 'a:( di..(r(n' sha(s d((nds n i's r(s'ri'ins& ((r ' ((r is :n,n as

m(sh* i. 'h(r( is n r(s'ri'in& An'h(r .rm is 'r(( 'l%)& In'(r(rabili') is n( . 'h(

adan'a%(s . Hi%"(( r'l s'a:& Hi%"(( has ,id( ran%( . alia'ins* s di..(r(n'

manu.a'ur(r rid(s Hi%"(( d(i(s& Hi%"(( d(i(s an in'(ra' ,i'h (ah 'h(r r(%ardl(ss .

manu.a'ur(r D((n I i. 'h( m(ssa%( is (nr)'(d&

Aiii6 Network La#er

N(',r: la)(r in'(r.a(s b(',((n alia'in la)(r and MAC 3a)(r& This 3a)(r is r(snsibl(

.r n(',r: .rma'in and ru'in%& 7u'in% is 'h( r(ss . s(l('in . a'h ' r(la) 'h(

m(ssa%(s ' 'h( d(s'ina'in nd(& This .rms 'h( n(',r: inlin% jinin% and l(ain% . nd(s*

main'ainin% ru'in% 'abl(s Drdina'rOru'(r* a'ual ru'in% and addr(ss alla'in& Hi%"((

rdina'r r ru'(r ,ill (r.rm 'h( ru'( dis(r)& This la)(r rid(s n(',r: ,id( s(uri')



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40 A(ndi; A

and all,s l, ,(r d(i(s ' ma;imiz( 'h(ir ba''(r) li.(&


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4 A(ndi; A

Th( Alia'in Sur' DAS sub la)(r rid(s an in'(r.a( b(',((n 'h( N5K and 'h( A3

la)(rs 'hru%h a %(n(ral s(' . s(ri(s rid(d b) AS da'a and mana%(m(n' (n'i'i(s& Th( AS

sub la)(r r(ss(s u'%in%Oinmin% .ram(s in rd(r ' s(ur(l) 'ransmi'Or((i( 'h( .ram(s

and (s'ablishOmana%( 'h( r)'%rahi :()s& Th( u(r la)(rs issu( rimi'i(s ' AS sub la)(r

' us( i's s(ri(s& AS 3a)(r S(uri') inlud(s 'h( .ll,in% s(ri(s? Es'ablish K()* Transr'

K()* Uda'( (i(* 7(m( (i(* 7(/u(s' K()* S,i'h K()* En'i') Au'h(n'ia'in* and

(rmissins Cn.i%ura'in Tabl(&

Securit9 service provi1er

Hi%"(( rid(s s(uri') m(hanism .r n(',r: la)(r and alia'in sur' la)(rs* (ah .

,hih is r(snsibl( .r s(urin% 'h(ir .ram(s& S(uri') s(ri(s inlud( m('hds .r :()

(s'ablishm(n'* :() 'ransr'* .ram( r'('in and d(i( mana%(m(n'&

Av6 Data Link la#er

Th( a'a 3a)(r is mainl) 'h( m('hd in ,hih in.rma'in .rm 'h( n(',r: is br:(n d,n

in' .ram(s and 'ransmi''(d (r 'h( h)sial la)(r& This la)(r is als r(snsibl( .r sm( Errr

d('('in and rr('in and sm( addr(ssin% s di..(r(n' d(i(s an '(ll (ah 'h(r aar' in

lar%(r s)s'(ms&


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43 "ibli%rah)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1& K(in Cllins* 3C r%rammin% .r indus'rial au'ma'in6Au'hrsJChan( 3'das(lm(r(O="-


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44 "ibli%rah)

14


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177 "ibli%rah)

PLC & SCADA Final Report (Adeeb Copy)

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