PLC 技术培训班 (第7讲)Ethernet 基础介绍

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Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

以太网 -

基础访问 . To IEEE 802.3 和 IEEE 802.3


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

ISO/OSI 通信模式每一种通信处理分隔为逻辑部件，通过一定的接口连接起来

1 物理层

7 应用层6 表达层5 会话层4 传输层3 网络层2 数据链路层访问总线媒质报文的发送和接收

面向应用层

面向传输层

器件应用

服务

电信号的一般说明

信息格式化和编码通信的同步和控制器件、段、消除故障之间的连接数据打包和通过网络选择路由


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

网络部件

7 Application layer

6 Presentation layer

5 Session layer

4 Transport layer

3 Network layer

2 Data link layer

7 Application layer

6 Presentation layer

5 Session layer

4 Transport layer

3 Network layer

2 Data link layer

路由器集线器 , 交换机 , 桥

1 Physical layer 1 Physical layer

网关Device A Device B

中继器


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

基础说明


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

双绞线对100 BaseTX -> 100 Mb/s

● 5 类线 : UTP or STP ( 非屏蔽 / 屏蔽双绞线对 )● 最大段长度为 100m ● RJ-45 插头● 星形拓朴结构


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

半双工模式● 数据传输在同一时间只能在一个方向进行● 举例，步话机

1

半双工和全双工

PC

Transmit

Receive

PC

TX+

RX+

RX-

Transmit

Receive

TX+

TX-

RX+

RX-

TX- 1001 010


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

半双工和全双工

全双工模式● 数据传输同时在两个方向进行● 举例，电话

Transmit

Receive

Transmit

Receive

集线器 / 交换机 PC

TX+RX+

RX-

TX+

TX-

RX+

RX-

Transmit

Receive

PC

TX+

TX-

RX+

RX-

RX+

RX-

TX+

TX-

TX-0 10110 01


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

避免碰撞


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

CSMA/CD 相对于 Full Duplex

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) 载波侦听、多路访问/碰撞检测

Standard-Ethernet-Communication: Collisions possible

Carrier Sense

Multiple Access/

Collision Detection


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

CSMA/CD 相对于 Full Duplex

Full Duplex: 发送和接收同时进行 Switches: 协调数据传输

Switch SwitchSwitch

Standard-PROFINET-Communication: no collisions possible


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

某些规定


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

自动 - 交错 - 转换

交错 - 转换 - 电缆12

36

Transmit

Receive

1

2

36

Transmit

Receive

SwitchSwitch


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Auto-Cross-Over

1:1- 电缆12

36

Transmit

Receive

12

36

Transmit

Receive

Switch within a Field deviceSwitch

PROFINET- 建议在交换机之间和交换机与器件之间使用 1:1 电缆。


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

自动 - 转换

Hub or switch

现有的 10 Mb/s 网络新的 100 Mb/s 网络

带自动转换的交换机


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Cut through, Store and Forward快捷方法，储存和发送

The Cut-Through method forwards the frame without checking it. 快捷方法，向前发送的桢不进行数据效验。

Store and Forward first checks the received data before forwarding them. 接收到的桢先储存 , 在继续发送之前进行数据效验。


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

集线器与交换机的比较

一个交换机指定数据接收的方向在站之间只有指定的通信路由被使用降低网络负载不会造成数据碰撞

共享 LAN 局域网

集线器传送数据到所有的站每一次数据交换对整个网络高网络负载有可能造成数据碰撞

集线器交换机

交换机 LAN 局域网


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

在一个网络段内寻址网络成员

… 使用 MAC- 地址


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

MAC 地址IP 地址

计算机需要一个地址用来发送和接收数据包或数据桢寻址

• 每一个网络适配器有一个唯一的物理地址，这一地址由制造商确定• 是一个 6 字节地址，即 88-A0-26-E8-84-01

网络适配器MAC 网络访问互联网传输层应用层


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Ethernet- 地址 , OUI

The Ethernet-Address (Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI), MAC-Address, Physical Address) is a 6 Byte-Address in Hex-Format e. g. 00-0E-CF-12-34-56

The PNO may supply users with the manufacturer specific part 00-0E-CF (16 777 214 devices possible).

x x x x x x 47 46 40 39 32 31 24 23 16 15 8 7 0

= 0, Individual address= 1, group address

= 0, global address= 1, local address

0 E C F0 0

Manufacturer specific part (OUI) consecutive number制造商指定部分连续号


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

A deeper look into the Ethernet Frame 以太网报文桢分析a) Ethernet II DIX Frame

b) IEEE 802.3 Frame

VLAN-Tag (VLAN ID)acc IEEE 802.1Q

PreambleSFD

DestinationAddress

SourceAddress

Lengthor Type

Data unitCRC

Check

56 bits8

48 bits 48 bits 16 bits 46 -1500 bytes 32 bits

PreambleSFD

DestinationAddress

SourceAddress

Length Data unitCRC

Check

56 bits8

48 bits 48 bits 16 bits 46 -1500 bytes 32 bits


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Switches 交换机 Associates each port with physical addresses connected through it 每一个端口与连接它的物理地址相关 Sends frame out the port associated with the physical address 发送桢与其物理地址相关的端口输出 Improves the performance of the network 改善网络性能 Two most common types… 两种通信类型

●Cut-through (10 .. 3 µs passing through time) 快捷方式●Store and forward ( 11 µ …. ??) 储存再发送方式


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

The Function of Switches 交换机功能

A

BC

D

Simultaneously同时进行

47-2C-36-64-00-00

55-E0-08-33-4E-39

91-09-83-5B-03-09

14-45-08-7A-11-16

A to CB to D


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Addressing of network participants in different

networks …对不同网络之间网络成员的寻址

… using IP-Addresses 使用 IP 地址


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

IP-Routing IP 路由

Frames

Network E

Network C

Network B

Network D

Network A

Routers

LANNetwork

or Internet

?? ??

????

!!!!


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Internet Protocol (IP)

Each Network Adapter also has an IP address （每一个网络适配器还有一个 IP 地址） Consists of a 32-bit binary address （ IP 地址是 32 位二进制地址） Hardware-independent system allows a computer to deliver data on a

more complex routed network （ IP 地址与硬件无关，只是网络路由中一个计算机向更多其它计算机传递数据时需要） Physical Address vs. IP Address （物理地址与 IP 地址比较）

● There are 2566 or 2.81 x 1014 different MAC addresses （ MAC 物理地址由 6 字节 16 进制格式表示）● There are 2564 or over 4 billion （ 40 亿） different IP addresses （ IP 地址由

4 字节 10 进制格式表示） ● Correspondence table relates your IP address to your MAC address （ IP 地址

对 MAC 地址有相应的列表关系）


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

IP Address

32-bit binary address for example… 211.154.184.16

Divided into four 8-bit segments called octets. 分成 4 个 8 位段 Expressed in a dotted decimal format. 以小数点格式表示 Segments are whole numbers between 0 and 255. 每一段的表示范围从 0 到 255 Part of the IP address is used for Network ID.IP 地址的一部分用作网络表识

and part of the address is for Host ID. IP 地址的一部分用作上位机的 ID 表识●Most address fall into 3 separate classes. 大多数 IP 地址分属以下三种类型●Class A, Class B, Class C


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Encapsulation of the protocols 协议包装 The application data are embedded in the data area of a TCP/IP packet 应用数据嵌入 TCP/IP 数据包的数据区内 Every TCP/IP packet is part of the data area of an Ethernet packet 每个 TCP/IP 数据包是以太网数据区的一部分

Ethernet header(Ethernet addresses)

Ethernet data area

以太网数据区Ethernet trailer

(FCS)

Application data应用数据

IP header(IP addresses)

TCP header(port numbers)

TCP data area

TCP 数据区

IP data area

IP 数据区


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Two Parts of IP Addresses IP 地址分为两部分

Net ID : Network Address 网络标识：网络地址 All Hosts within a network have the same Net ID Net IDs are unique and are assigned by a naming authority

Host ID : Host Address 主机标识：主机地址 Each Host within a network has a unique Host ID Host ID is assigned by the respective administrator

Net ID Host ID0 31


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Net ID and Host ID Allocation

Class Range Networks Host

A 0

7-bit network

24-bit host 1-126 126 16777216

B 1 0 14-bit network 16-bit host 128-191 16384 65536

C 1 1 0 21-bit network 8-bit host 192-223 2097152 256


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

The Subnet Mask 子网屏蔽

Net ID Host ID

Subnet Mask

31

11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000

Subnet IDNet ID Host ID

0


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Net ID and Host ID Allocation

Example: Class C networkIP address: 192.157.018.032

Class C Network Host Portion

Decimal 192 . 157. 018. 032

Binary 11000000.10011101.00010010.

00100000

Subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.

00000000


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Spezielle IP-Adressklassen 特殊 IP 地址类型

1 1 1 01 1 1 0 Multicast Group ID 28 bitsMulticast Group ID 28 bits 组组 2828 位位 IDID 作为广播作为广播0 314

•Klasse D – 224.x.x.x – 239.255.255.255

1 1 1 11 1 1 1 Reserviert für künftige Erweiterungen 28 bitsReserviert für künftige Erweiterungen 28 bits0 314

•Klasse E – 240.x.x.x – 255.255.255.255


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

IP Header IP 头报文

VersionVersion TOSTOS

IdentificationIdentification

Total LengthTotal Length

FlagsFlags

ProtocolProtocol

Source IP AddressSource IP Address

Destination IP AddressDestination IP Address

IP Options (optional)IP Options (optional) PaddingPadding

DataData

32 bits32 bits

IHLIHL

Fragment OffsetFragment Offset

Time to LiveTime to Live Header ChecksumHeader Checksum

0 4 8 16 24 31


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

ARP and RARP

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)●Identifies the MAC address associated with an IP address●Uses an ARP table or ARP cache

Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)●Identifies the IP address associated with a MAC address●boot PROM/BOOTP


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Addressing in the network

The Ethernet address (MAC address) ● Worldwide unambiguous physical device address 全世界明确的物理器件地址● Vendor code and consecutive number 制造商号和连续号● 6-byte value (6 hexadecimal numbers)

e.g. C0-10-A4-00-17-AC

The Internet address (IP address)● Network unambiguous address● Network component (network ID)

and user component (host ID)● 32-bit value (4 decimal numbers)

e.g. 142.0.1.3

142.0.1.2

142.0.1.4

Subnetwork142.0.1

142.0.1.1 142.0.1.3

Subnetwork142.0.2

142.0.2.1 142.0.2.3

142.0.2.2

142.0.2.4

Total network142.0...

The Subnet mask● Masking out of IP address in the

network ID and host ID components ● 32-bit value, e.g. 255.255.255.0

Router


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

DHCP/DNS动态主机组态协议 /

Host Configuration and Name Resolution主机组态和名字分解


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

For automatical adjustment of TCP/IP configuration data.

A DHCP-Server is able to parameterize a Client with an IP-address and subnet mask


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Name Resolution

• • • 122.87.15.6 PC Nr. A122.87.15.9 PC Nr. B122.87.15.18 PC Nr. C• • •

Hosts File

DATA

Host: PC Nr. AIP: 122.87.15.6

Host: PC Nr. BIP: 122.87.15.9

PC Nr. CIP: 122.87.15.18

PC Nr. B ?122.87.15.9

Assigning a name to an IP-address


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Safe Data Transmission using TCP…

… Flow control


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Encapsulation of the protocols

The application data are embedded in the data area of a TCP/IP packet Every TCP/IP packet is part of the data area of an Ethernet packet

Ethernet header(Ethernet addresses) Ethernet data area Ethernet trailer

(FCS)

Application data

IP header(IP addresses)

TCP header(port numbers) TCP data area

IP data area


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

通信协议总结

应用层Application layer

TCP传输层Transport layer

UDP

Connection-oriented

FTP SMTP DCOM

IP互联网层Internetlayer

Ethernet网络层Network layer

Connection-free

SNMP TFTP NFS

ARP


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

The TCP/IP Protocol Suite

IP: Internet Protocol 互联网协议● Protocol which carries out connection-free transportation of datagrams in

the local subnetwork, or which passes them on to further subnetworks

TCP: Transmission Control Protocol 传输控制协议● Transport protocol for connection-oriented, secure and sequence-based

communication between stations

UDP: User Datagram Protocol 用户数据包协议● Transport protocol for connection-free communication between stations

● In contrast to TCP, UDP is not secure. UDP does not provide any guarantee for correct transmission of data

ARP: Address Resolution Protocol 地址分解协议● Protocol which determines the associated MAC addressed for every

logical Internet address defined


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

The TCP/IP Applications

SMTP 简化邮件发送协议Simple Mail Transfer Protocol used for e-mail

HTTP 超级文本传送协议Hypertext Transfer Protocol used for WWW browser

FTP 文件传送协议File Transfer Protocol used for transportation of files between computers

DCOM 分布式部件目标模式Distributed Component Object Modelpermits the distribution of COM objects in a network

SNMP简易网络管理协议Simple Network Management Protocolused for central management of network components

Others DHCP, TFTP, TELNET, SOAP, Microsoft .NET


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

Transmission Control Protocol

TCP

is responsible for the secure data transmission

establishes a connection between 2 network partners

follows the client / server principle

acknowledges a data frame by sending an ack-number within the next frame

secures the data with a checksum and a sequence number

addresses an application via a so called port number (source port number, destination port number)


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

TCP Data Format

Source PortSource Port Destination PortDestination Port

Sequence NumberSequence Number

Acknowledgment NumberAcknowledgment Number

DODO ReservedReserved AC

KA

CK

UR

GU

RG

PS

HP

SH

RS

TR

ST

SY

NS

YN

FIN

FIN WindowWindow

ChecksumChecksum Urgent PointerUrgent Pointer

OptionsOptions PaddingPadding

Data (length varies)Data (length varies)

32 bits32 bits


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

TCP/IP Frame

PreambleSFD

DestinationAddress

SourceAddress

Lengthor Type

DataFrameCheck

Sequence

56 bits 8 48 bits 48 bits 16 bits 46 -1500 bytes 32 bits




FlagsFlags

ProtocolProtocol




DataData

IHLIHL



0 4 8 16 24 31

Source PortSource Port Destination PortDestination Port

Sequence NumberSequence Number

Acknowledgment NumberAcknowledgment Number

DODO ReservedReserved AC

KA

CK

UR

GU

RG

PS

HP

SH

RS

TR

ST

SY

NS

YN

FIN

FIN

WindowWindow

ChecksumChecksum Urgent PointerUrgent Pointer

OptionsOptions PaddingPadding


PhysicalLayer

Data Link

NetworkLayer

IP

TransportLayerTCP

Bit No.

0

32

64

96

128

160

160 + n*32

Bit No.

0

32

64


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

UDP – User Datagram Protocol

Not reliable – connectionless●The delivery of data is not guaranteed

Advantage – less protocol overhead

SourceSourcePortPort

DestinationDestinationPortPort

LengthLength ChecksumChecksum


32 bits32 bits


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

UDP/IP Frame

PreambleSFD

DestinationAddress

SourceAddress

Lengthor Type

DataFrameCheck

Sequence

56 bits 8 48 bits 48 bits 16 bits 46 -1500 bytes 32 bits

SourceSourcePortPort

DestinationDestinationPortPort

LengthLength ChecksumChecksum





FlagFlagss

ProtocolProtocol




DataData

IHLIHL



0 4 8 16 24 31

PhysicalLayer

Bit No.0

32

64

96

128

160

Data Link

NetworkLayer

IP

TransportLayerUDP

Bit No.

0

32

64


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

定义 TCP- 端口

服务 TCP 端口号 #

FTP 21

Telnet 23

SMTP 25

DNS 53

HTTP 80

POP3(email) 110

服务 UDP 端口号 #

Echo 7

DNS 53

BOOTS 67

BOOTC 68

TFTP 69

SNMP 161


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

PROFINET 的网络拓朴


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

网络拓朴

交换机

星形结构环形结构

线形结构

交换机

树形结构


Ethernet Basics

PROFINET- Basics

ISO/OSI-Model

Collision Avoidance

Some Basics

Layer 1 and 2

Layer 3 (IP)

Layer 4 (TCP/UDP)

IT-Services

Net structures

PROFINET is…

对 PROFINET 的要求

100% Ethernet 还具有

传输速度 100 Mb/s-Ethernet

使用交换机的 Ethernet

全双工传输

从 Ethernet 的观点

是 ....

PLC 技术培训班 (第7讲)Ethernet 基础介绍

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