PLATYHELMINTHESPLATYHELMINTHES

by :by :

Akhrian DeswandiAkhrian Deswandi Asyadullah AljundyAsyadullah Aljundy

Bobby Triki NovandraBobby Triki Novandra Dio Apri MaisyaDio Apri Maisya

Hanif MalikHanif Malik Muhammad FauzanMuhammad Fauzan

Naspi KasiantoNaspi Kasianto Vedji MedhyciVedji Medhyci

Platyhelminthes is the phylum of Platyhelminthes is the phylum of animalia. It consist of two words. animalia. It consist of two words. PlatyPlaty means flat, and means flat, and HelminsHelmins is is worms. Platyhelminthes is the worms. Platyhelminthes is the primitive worms with approximately primitive worms with approximately 9,000 species.9,000 species.

CharacteristicCharacteristic

Triploblastic acoelomate.Triploblastic acoelomate. The body structure is dorsoventrally flat, The body structure is dorsoventrally flat,

nonsegmented and bilaterally symmetrical.nonsegmented and bilaterally symmetrical. Does not have anus,blood circulatory Does not have anus,blood circulatory

systems,respiratory system and skeletal system.systems,respiratory system and skeletal system. Already have nervous system (ganglion nervous Already have nervous system (ganglion nervous

system), reproductive system, excretory system system), reproductive system, excretory system (solenocyte; flame cell), and digestive system (solenocyte; flame cell), and digestive system (gastrovascular system).(gastrovascular system).

Hermaphrodite, it can produce both eggs and Hermaphrodite, it can produce both eggs and sperm.sperm.

CharacteristicCharacteristic

Have soft body, epidermis with cilia and covered Have soft body, epidermis with cilia and covered with layer like wax (with layer like wax (cuticula)cuticula)..

Have branchy intestine.Have branchy intestine. Live in fresh water, sea water or moist places, Live in fresh water, sea water or moist places,

some are parasitic.some are parasitic. Fertilization is internal.Fertilization is internal.

Body structureBody structure

Body structureBody structure

ClassificationClassification

TurbellariaTurbellaria

TrematodaTrematoda

CestodaCestoda

TurbellariaTurbellaria

Have cilia (vibra hair). Live in the fresh water, sea water, and wet Have cilia (vibra hair). Live in the fresh water, sea water, and wet soils.soils.

The body is flat, dorosventral, with head almost triangle, pointed The body is flat, dorosventral, with head almost triangle, pointed tail. Th size of body is small, about 5 – 25mm.tail. Th size of body is small, about 5 – 25mm.

Digestive system is still simple, mouth is at ventral. Food is Digestive system is still simple, mouth is at ventral. Food is consumed fro other animals in water, eithr alive or dead. If the consumed fro other animals in water, eithr alive or dead. If the object animal is bigger then it,it will stick to the object and its with object animal is bigger then it,it will stick to the object and its with its mouth.its mouth.

Example : Planaria sp.Example : Planaria sp.

ReproductionReproduction

SexualSexual

by cross fertilization between two different by cross fertilization between two different planarian.planarian.

AsexsualAsexsual

by fragmentation.by fragmentation.

Planaria have high regeneration.Planaria have high regeneration.

If Planaria cuts up to several chunks,If Planaria cuts up to several chunks,

that are able to recover its hurt or lostthat are able to recover its hurt or lost

part of the body.part of the body.

TrematodaTrematoda

Also called Also called sucking wormsucking worm,, because it has because it has sucking device called sucking device called suckersucker. Live as parasite, . Live as parasite, do not have locomotory organ (adult do not have locomotory organ (adult trematoda). Hermaphrodite, can produce sperm trematoda). Hermaphrodite, can produce sperm and ovum. Length of body is 2-5 cm.and ovum. Length of body is 2-5 cm.

Life CycleLife Cycle

Involved two kinds of host, definitive host and Involved two kinds of host, definitive host and intermediate host. Definitive host is a host which adult intermediate host. Definitive host is a host which adult worm lives, usually vertebrates such as toad and fish. worm lives, usually vertebrates such as toad and fish. Intermediate host is a host in which larval lives Intermediate host is a host in which larval lives temporary, usually invertebrates (snail).temporary, usually invertebrates (snail).

Developmental stages during the life cycle.Developmental stages during the life cycle.

Egg Egg Miracidium Miracidium Sporocytes Rediae Sporocytes Rediae CercariaeCercariae Adult Adult

ExampleExample

Schistosoma sp.Schistosoma sp. (Blood Fluke) (Blood Fluke)

enters the human body bby infection enters the human body bby infection through their skin. Caused disease called through their skin. Caused disease called schistosomiasisschistosomiasis..

Fasciola hepatica Fasciola hepatica (Liver Fluke)(Liver Fluke)

ExampleExample

Chlonorchis sinensis Chlonorchis sinensis (Human Liver Fluke)(Human Liver Fluke)

Fasciolopsis buski Fasciolopsis buski (lives in human colon)(lives in human colon) Paragonimus westermani Paragonimus westermani (lives in human lung)(lives in human lung)

CestodaCestoda

The body shape is like tape (flat, longish), The body shape is like tape (flat, longish), consist of head (consist of head (scolexscolex), which have sucker and ), which have sucker and rostelum, neck (called young progotids thst rostelum, neck (called young progotids thst continually split up), and body (continually split up), and body (strobilastrobila). Not ). Not have mouth and digestive system. have mouth and digestive system. Hermaphrodite, conducts self-fertilzation in Hermaphrodite, conducts self-fertilzation in proglotidds.proglotidds.

ExampleExample

Taenia soliumTaenia solium

ExampleExample

Taenia saginataTaenia saginata Dipylidium caninum Dipylidium caninum