Plate Tectonics
Transcript of Plate Tectonics
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Ilkerender, “Kathmandu, Nepal, Himalayas, Everest”, May 5, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution-Non Comercisl-NonDerivs
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theory proposed in 1960’s and 70’s
Multiple individual plates
Located in the lithosphere
Move at different speeds
Move in different directions
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African Plate
Antarctic Plate
Indo-Australian Plate
Eurasian Plate
North American Plate
South American Plate
Pacific Plate
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Dr.JohnBullas, “PlateTecto_web”, November 2, 2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons Atribution-Non Commercial-NoDerivs
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Two plates meeting head to head
Three different types of plate boundaries
Different geographic features associated with each
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TomDoyle, “Table Top Mt.Unalaka Island”, June 13, 2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons Atribution-Non Commercial-NoDerivs
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Plates collide
3 different situations
1) Oceanic –
Continental
2) Oceanic – Oceanic
3) Continental -
ContinentalRyan VandenAkker, “convergent boundary” October 3, 2010 via Paint
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Mountains
Volcanoes
Earthquakes
Island Arcs Mono, “Siera Velluda- 3585 mts’’, October 7, 2006 via Flickr, Creative Commons Atribution-Non Commercial-NoDerivs
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Himalayas; Asia
Aleutian Islands;
Northern Pacific
Ocean
Andes; South
America
Mariana Trench;
Western Pacific
Ocean
Pontic Mountains;
Northern Turkey
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Karabrugman, “the san andreas fault” March 23, 2010 via Flickr, Creative commons Attribution-NonComercial- NoDerivs
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Plates “slide” past
one another in
opposite directions
Transform fault-
the fracture
zone between
plates
Ryan VandenAkker, “transform boundary” October 3, 2010 via Paint
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Transform Faults
Reoccurring
earthquakes
Usually lack
volcanoesFrank Officeier, “San Andreas Fault 2” May 23, 2007, Creative commons Attribution-NonComercial- NoDerivs
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San Andreas Fault
Zone; North America
Alpine Fault; New
Zealand
Dead Sea Transform
Fault; Middle East
Chaman Fault;
Pakistan
North Anatolian Fault;
Turkey
Queen Charlotte Fault;
North America
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Debcha, “Southwest Rift”, June 30 2007, Creative commons Attribution-NonComercial- NoDerivs
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Plates move
away from one
another.
Space in-
between fills
with magma
and hardens.
Ryan VandenAkker, “divergent boundary” October 3, 2010 via Paint
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Mid-ocean
ridges
Continental
Rifts
Rift Valleys
Volcanic
Islands
Hot Spots
Dale Ghent, “La Cumbre lava flow”, April 23 2009 via Flickr, Creative commons Attribution- NonComercial- NoDerivs
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge;
Atlantic Ocean
Great Rift Valley; East
Africa
Red Sea Lift
East African Rift
East Pacific Rise;
Pacific Ocean
Explorer Ridge; West
of Canada
Baikal Rift Zone;
Southeast Russia
Gakkel Ridge; Arctic
Ocean
Pacific-Antarctic
Ridge; Southern
Pacific Ocean
West Antarctic Rift;
Antarctica
Galapagos Rise