Plate tectonic ppt
Transcript of Plate tectonic ppt
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Tectonic Plates
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Plate Tectonic theory- is the theory that Earth’s outer layer
is made up of plates.- the rocky inner layer above the
floor. - from the 1950’s through the 1970’s,
plate tectonics is the modern version of continental drift.
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- German climatologist and geophysicist who, in 1915, published as expanded version of his 1912 book The Origin of Continents and Oceans.
- He suggested that all the major continents formed one giant supercontinent, called PANGEA.
- 200 million years ago, PANGEA began to rift.
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- Oceans filled the areas between these new sub-continents.
- The land masses continued to move apart, riding on separate plates, until they reached the positions they currently occupy.
- What drives plate tectonics? NOT KNOWN.
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- One theory said that convection within the Earth's mantle pushes the plates;
- in much the same way that air heated by your body rises upward and is deflected sideways when it reaches the ceiling.
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- Another theory is that gravity is pulling the older, colder, and thus heavier ocean floor with more force than the newer, lighter seafloor.
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Plate Boundaries
- the region where plate meet. The plates may either collide, move away from each other or slip/slide past each other
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Four types of boundaries- Divergent
Boundaries- Convergent
Boundaries- Collisional
Boundaries- Transform
Boundaries
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Divergent Boundaries- Where new crust
is formed.- Hot mantle rock
rises and partial melting occurs.
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Convergent Boundaries- Where crust is
consumed.- One subducts beneath
the other, and in the process a trench is formed.
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- Where two land masses collide.
- The two crush together.
Collisional Boundaries
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- Where two plates slides against each other.
transform Boundaries
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Philippine Sea PlateMariana PlatePhilippine Sea Plate
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The Mariana Plate is a small tectonic plate located west of the Mariana Trench and forms the basement of the Mariana Islands. It is separated from the Philippine Sea Plate by a long divergent boundary with numerous transform fault offsets. The boundary between the Mariana and the Pacific Plate to the east is a subduction zone with the Pacific Plate subducting beneath the Mariana. The Mariana Trench forms the southeastern boundary and the Izu-Ogasawara Trench the northeastern boundary.
Mariana Plate
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Type Minor
Approx. Area 360,000 km2[1]
Movement1 north-west
Speed139-51mm/year
FeaturesMariana Islands, Mariana Trench
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o The Philippine Mobile Belt is a complex portion of the tectonic boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate, comprising most of the country of the Philippines.
o It includes two subduction zones, the Manila Trench to the west and the Philippine Trench to the east, as well as the Philippine Fault System.
o Within the Belt, a number of crustal blocks or microplates which have been sheared off the adjoining major plates are undergoing massive deformation.
Philippine Sea Plate
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Philippine Sea PlateType MinorApprox. Area 5,500,000 km2
Movement1 north-westSpeed1 48-84mm/year
Features Philippines, Philippine Sea
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