Plasma Arc (PLASCON)
description
Transcript of Plasma Arc (PLASCON)
Plasma Arc (PLASCON)
Status & POPs application “In-flight” plasma arc PLASCON technology operating
commercially since 1992. 9 commercial plants operating:
4 commercial 150 kW PLASCON units operating in Australia. 2 units Agricultural Chemical industry, which treat the liquid
waste stream from 2,4 D manufacture 4 plants in Japan for PCB destruction 1 plant United Kingdom for fire retardants, ODS
POPs application:Pesticides such as HCB, DDT, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Lindane, 2,4 D, PCBs, Dioxins, furans and other compounds such as halons and chemical industry in-process waste streams
12 CO12 CO22
DESTRUCTION OF TYPICAL PCB WASTE
PLASMAPLASMASPECIESSPECIES
FLIGHT TUBEFLIGHT TUBESPECIESSPECIES
DISCHARGEDISCHARGEPRODUCTSPRODUCTS
HEXACHLORO-HEXACHLORO-BIPHENYLBIPHENYL
6 O6 O22
PyrolysisPyrolysis
12 C atoms12 C atoms12 O atoms12 O atoms
4 H atoms4 H atoms6 Cl atoms6 Cl atoms
12 CO12 CO
4 HCl + Cl4 HCl + Cl22
ClCl
ClClClClCl
ClClCl
6 NaCl6 NaCl5 H5 H22OO0.5 O0.5 O22
QuenchQuench6 NaOH6 NaOH
ThermalThermalOxidationOxidation
PCB FEED TANK
ARGON STORAGE TANK
OXYGEN STORAGE TANK
PLASMA COOLANT TANK
50% NaOH TANK
POWER SUPPLY DATA ACQUISITION &
PROCESS CONTROL
PACKED COLUMN
PROCESS GAS TO FLARE
IN FLIGHT PLASMA OVERVIEW
PLASCON TORCH & FLIGHT TUBE
ArgonArgon
AnodeAnodeTemp’ (C)Temp’ (C)
10,00010,000
7,5007,500
5,0005,000
2,5002,500
12,50012,500
DC+DC+ WasteWaste
FLIGHT TUBEFLIGHT TUBE
Cooled LinerCooled Liner
DC-DC-
CathodeCathode
PLASMA
PLASCON Process Flow sheet
PART I - Adaptation Technology – Country
A. Performance:
1. Minimum pre-treatment: only treatment gaseous and liquid streams
2. Destruction Efficiency: Pesticides, PCB’s > 99.9999 %Japan: 99.999999 %
PART I: Adaptation Technology - Country
A. Performance:
3. Toxic by-products: ---4. Uncontrolled releases: ---5. Capacity to treat all POPs: yes6. Throughput: Quantity [tons/day, l/day]
Standard units: 1-3 tons /dayExamples:5% DDT in 95% solids (lime, talcum powder) Plascon can treat about 20 ton per day after desorbtion. 25 % DDT in 75% Toluene then Plascon can treat 1 ton per day.
PART I: Adaptation Technology - Country
A. Performance:
7. Wastes/residuals: Secondary waste stream volumes:
no waste streams, 0.5 Nm3 /h (79% Ar, 18.5 % CO2, 2% CO)
Off gas treatment: none after flare
Complete elimination: yes
PART II: Adaption Country – TechnologyA. Resource needs: Power requirement:
150 kW plasma torch (POPs) - Total 180 kW Water requirements:
Cooling torch 1.4 m3/h Fuel volumes:
no fuel Reagents volumes:
Ar 15m3/h, O20.8 t/t conc waste, 30-60% caustic soda 1.4 t/t conc w Weather tight buildings:
yes but ventilated Hazardous waste personnel requirement:--- Sampling requirements/facilities: --- Peer sampling: --- Laboratory requirements: --- Communication systems: --- Number of (un/skilled) personnel required: ---
PART II: Adaption Country – Technology
B: Costs for: Operating costs US$ 2/kg pure PCB
Installation + commissioning: Site preparation: Energy & Telecom installation: Compliance: Reporting: Run without waste: Run with waste: Decommissioning: Landfilling: Transport residues:
PART II: Adaption Country – TechnologyC. Impact & D. Risks Discharges to air: Discharges to water:
1m3/h with 50 g NaCl, 5 g Na CO3 Discharges to land:
none Risks reagents applied:
very few Risks of technology:
fully automated PLC controlled Operational risks:
E-powered shut down instantaneously
PART II: Adaption Country Technology
E. Constructability & F. Output Ease of installation & construction of plant : Ease of shipping/transit: Ease of operation: Ease of processing: Generated waste (% of input waste): Deposited waste at landfill (% of input waste):
Waste quality properties (pH, TCLP)
PLASCON- ODS Unit
Australia plant (for Queensland Government): 200 tonnes of banned pesticides treated after a farm collection campaign.
PCB Contaminated Transformers
3 phase Transformer out of the tank
three stripped windings
Laminations
PLASCON New UK Unit
On site monitoring
Gaschromatograph fitted with a Mass Spectrometer Detector
Gaschromatographs fitted with Electro Capture Detectors (ECD)And auto samplers for liquids
Excellent DE Argon useHandles all wastesEasy handling + easy set upLow footprint
Liquids or gaseous streams only(liquid <0.5 mm size)
Low emissionsSimple gas treatment
Relative costly to operate
Portable High power useMinimum operators
Strength’s Weaknesses