PLAR Candidate Guide - Saskatchewan Polytechnic · Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology courses...

Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology

PLAR Candidate Guide

Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition (PLAR)

Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition Comb ined Laboratory and X -Ray Technology

Copyright

Saskatchewan Polytechnic No part of the work(s) contained herein may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means – graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping of information and retrieval systems – without written consent of Saskatchewan Polytechnic.

The Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology (CLXT) program is dedicated to removing barriers and broadening the access to programs at Saskatchewan Polytechnic. We believe that adults acquire knowledge and skills through life and work experience that may align with courses within our programs.

Developed by program

June 2010

Revised

April 2011 May 2011 April 2012 February 2013

June 2013 May 2014 July 2015 June 2016

Aug 2017

Web ready – PLAR

office

December 2010 April 2011 June 2011 May 2012

February 2013 June 2013 June 2014 November 2014

January 2015


Table of contents

Why consider a PLAR assessment? ...................................................................................... 5

What are the PLAR options? ................................................................................................ 5

Individual course challenge ............................................................................................. 5

Fees: ...................................................................................................................... 5

How many courses can be challenged through PLAR in the Combined Laboratory and X-Ray

Technology program? ......................................................................................................... 5

Which courses are PLAR-ready? .......................................................................................... 6

Is PLAR available at any time of the year? ............................................................................ 7

Is it easier to challenge a course through PLAR or take the course? ....................................... 7

Methods of assessing prior learning ..................................................................................... 7

If I live out of town, do I have to travel to a main campus to do PLAR? .................................. 8

What if I have a disability & need equity accommodations? ................................................... 8

Are there other ways to gain Saskatchewan Polytechnic credits for prior learning? ................... 8

Contact us ......................................................................................................................... 9

The PLAR process ............................................................................................................. 10

How long will it take to prepare evidence for PLAR? ............................................................. 11

Steps to complete a self-audit ............................................................................................ 11

Self-audit guide(s) ............................................................................................................ 12

APHY 191 – Anatomy & Physiology 1 .............................................................................. 12

APHY 282 – Anatomy & Physiology 2 .............................................................................. 15

CHEM 176 – Clinical Chemistry 1 .................................................................................... 17

CHEM 279 – Clinical Chemistry 2 .................................................................................... 21

ECRD 180 – Electrocardiography .................................................................................... 25

ETHC 185 – Professional Practices 1 ............................................................................... 28

ETHC 280 – Professional Practices 2 ............................................................................... 31

IMMU 183 – Immunology .............................................................................................. 34

INFC 180 – Infection Control and Safety ......................................................................... 36

MTER 180 – Medical Terminology ................................................................................... 39

PATH 179 – Radiographic Pathology 1 ............................................................................ 41

PATH 181 – Laboratory Result Correlation....................................................................... 44

PROC 180 – General Laboratory Practice......................................................................... 46

PROC 181 – Specimen Collection and Handling................................................................ 49

QC 193 – Best Practices in Point of Care Testing ............................................................. 52

RDBG 184 – Radiobiology and Protection ........................................................................ 54


RGAN 180 – Radiographic Anatomy ................................................................................ 57

CLIN 198 – Clinical ECG ................................................................................................. 60

Appendices ....................................................................................................................... 64

Appendix A – Employment validation form ...................................................................... 65

Appendix B – Employer validation checklists .................................................................... 66

CHEM 176 – Clinical Chemistry 1 .............................................................................66

CHEM 279 – Clinical Chemistry 2 .............................................................................71

ECRD 180 – Electrocardiography..............................................................................74

ETHC 185 – Professional Practices 1 ........................................................................76

ETHC 280 – Professional Practices 2 ........................................................................79

INFC 180 – Infection Control and Safety ..................................................................81

PROC 180 – General Laboratory Practice ..................................................................83

PROC 181 – Specimen Collection & Handling ............................................................86

CLIN 198 – Clinical ECG ..........................................................................................92

Professionalism Rubric .................................................................................................. 96

Appendix C -- INFC 180 – PPE Student Agreement Biohazard ........................................... 98

Appendix D – Exam Proctor form ................................................................................... 99

Appendix E – Cover page ............................................................................................ 100


Why consider a PLAR assessment?

PLAR refers to the combination of flexible ways of evaluating people’s lifelong learning, both formal and informal against a set of established standards. You can receive academic credit for your relevant lifelong learning. The Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology program recognizes prior learning in two ways.

Previous formal learning from a recognized training institution through transfer of credit. Previous informal learning or experiential learning through a comprehensive prior

learning and recognition process. What are the PLAR options?

The following courses in the Combined Laboratory and X-Ray program may be taken by continuing education or challenged through PLAR as an unclassified student prior to being admitted to the program. Completing program courses prior to admission has no impact on admission requirements but may reduce your course load if you are successfully admitted.

APHY 191, Anatomy and Physiology 1

APHY 282, Anatomy and Physiology 2

ETHC 185, Professional Practices 1

INFC 180, Infection Control and Safety

MTER 180, Medical Terminology To be eligible to register for PLAR for ECRD 180, Electrocardiography, you must be a licensed allied health professional (i.e. MLA, MLT, MRT, RN or LPN). To be eligible to register for any other courses in this program, whether through PLAR or continuing education, an applicant must first apply and be successfully admitted to the Combined Laboratory and X-Ray program. Individual course challenge

If you have (within the last five years) successful experience in the Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology field, and have learned the skills and knowledge for one or more of the Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology courses, you may apply to be assessed for each applicable course. Fees:

There will be a charge for each individual course assessment.

For a listing of the specific PLAR fees for this program, check the online PLAR Inventory Database.

How many courses can be challenged through PLAR in the Combined Laboratory and

X-Ray Technology program?

Currently we have PLAR challenges available for 18 out of 33 diploma courses. There is no limit. You may challenge as many of these courses as you are able to prove prior skills and knowledge through assessment.

https://webprod.siast.sk.ca:8000/ceroneprod/Szpkplar.P_PLARListProgram?s_CourseCode=&s_DeptCode=CLRTDP

https://webprod.siast.sk.ca:8000/ceroneprod/Szpkplar.P_PLARListProgram?s_CourseCode=&s_DeptCode=CLRTDP


Which courses are PLAR-ready?

Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology diploma program profile

COURSE CODE

COURSE NAME PLAR Challenge(s)

available through program

PLAR Challenge(s) not available

APHY 191 Anatomy & Physiology 1

APHY 282 Anatomy & Physiology 2

CHEM 176 Clinical Chemistry 1

CHEM 184 Urinalysis ×

CHEM 279 Clinical Chemistry 2

ECRD 180 Electrocardiography

ETHC 181 Patient Care in Radiography 1 ×

ETHC 185 Professional Practices 1

ETHC 280 Professional Practices 2

HEMA 179 Hematology ×

HEMA 192 Introductory Hemostasis ×

IMMU 183 Immunology

IMRC 182 Image Recording Introduction ×

IMRC 183 Image Acquisition and Processing ×

INFC 180 Infection Control and Safety

MTER 180 Medical Terminology

PATH 179 Radiographic Pathology 1

PATH 181 Laboratory Result Correlation

PHYS 184 Physics ×

PROC 180 General Laboratory Practice

PROC 181 Specimen Collection & Handling

QC 193 Best Practices in Point of Care Testing

QC 194 Quality Management ×

RDBG 184 Radiobiology and Protection

RDGR 179 Radiographic Technique 1 ×

RDGR 180 Radiographic Technique 2 ×

RDGR 283 Advanced Radiographic Technique 1 x

RGAN 180 Radiographic Anatomy


Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology diploma program profile

COURSE CODE

COURSE NAME PLAR Challenge(s)

available through program

PLAR Challenge(s) not available

RSAP 180 Radiation Science and Apparatus 1 ×

SIMU 280 Clinical Simulation ×

CLIN 190 Clinical Radiography ×

CLIN 193 Clinical Laboratory ×

CLIN 198 Clinical ECG

Is PLAR available at any time of the year?

PLAR challenges are currently being offered prior to start date of course being challenged.

Is it easier to challenge a course through PLAR or take the course?

Neither is easier. By using PLAR you may reduce the repetition of studying information that you already know. The PLAR process allows you to demonstrate knowledge you already have. PLAR is not an easy way to certification, rather a “different” way to obtain certification. Your personal level of skill and experience will dictate which courses you choose to challenge. The self-audit section found later in this guide will help you decide if you have a good match of skill and knowledge for a specific course. Methods of assessing prior learning

Assessment methods measure an individual’s learning against course learning outcomes. The PLAR assessment methods listed below are most commonly used, separately or in combination, to assess learning for Medical Diagnostic courses. Other forms of flexible assessment may be considered.

evidence files with requested documents

employment validations

employer validation checklists

challenge exams

performance evaluations (including skill demonstrations, role plays, clinical applications, case studies)

interviews and oral exams

equivalency (evaluations of learning from non-credit training providers)

All documents submitted to Saskatchewan Polytechnic may be returned to the student after the final results have been given and the grade appeal deadline of seven days has passed. A copy of transcripts and certificates may be included in your evidence file, but be prepared to show original documents at the PLAR audit meeting for validation.


If I live out of town, do I have to travel to a main campus to do PLAR?

There will be times that you will need to meet with the program on campus. However, we will try to keep travel to a minimum.

What if I have a disability & need equity accommodations?

At Saskatchewan Polytechnic, we understand that sometimes services must be provided to students in a variety of ways to achieve the goals of fair representation. Therefore, the range of services provided for students with disabilities is as diverse as the needs of those students. We strive for equity (not uniformity) and provide varied services for students with differing needs. If more information is required, please contact Accessibility Services.

Are there other ways to gain Saskatchewan Polytechnic credits for prior learning?

Transfer Credit

Saskatchewan Polytechnic will grant credit for previous training that is similar in content, objectives, and evaluation standards to Saskatchewan Polytechnic training. Transfer of credit is different from the PLAR process. Transfer Credit guidelines may be found at: http://www.saskpolytech.ca/admissions/resources/transfer-credit.aspx It is the student’s responsibility to check with Registration Services for specific campus procedures on this policy. For specific information and guidelines regarding transfer of credit, contact a Saskatchewan Polytechnic educational counsellor.

Equivalency Credit

Equivalency credit refers to the application of credit for a previously taken Saskatchewan Polytechnic course to your current Saskatchewan Polytechnic course. Apply at registration services for equivalency credit. This process should also be completed prior to your PLAR challenge. If these credits cannot be used for equivalency credit, you may use these accredited courses as part of your evidence for your PLAR challenge.

http://saskpolytech.ca/student-services/support/accessibility-services.aspx

http://www.saskpolytech.ca/admissions/resources/transfer-credit.aspx

http://saskpolytech.ca/admissions/resources/contact-us.aspx


Contact us

If more information is required, please contact a counsellor at a campus closest to you. Saskatchewan Polytechnic in Moose Jaw Counselling Services, Room 2.203 306-691-8311 or 306-691-8310 [email protected]

Saskatchewan Polytechnic in Prince Albert Counselling Services, Room F203 (Technical Centre) 306-765-1611 [email protected]

Saskatchewan Polytechnic in Regina Counselling Services, Room 228 306-775-7436 [email protected]

Saskatchewan Polytechnic in Saskatoon Counselling Services, Room 114 306-659-4050 [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]





Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition process

Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology courses which are not available to unclassified students may

not be challenged by PLAR until the student has applied and been successfully admitted into the Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology program.

Consult with PLAR designated contact

Complete application to PLAR

Schedule PLAR audit meeting

Develop an action plan

Pay assessment fees

Prepare for prior learning assessment

Challenge facilitated by assessor

Challenge evaluated by assessor

Results submitted to Saskatchewan Polytechnic registration services

Candidate notified of results

call 1-866-467-4278 & speak with an education counsellor

identify goals

discuss process & forms

identify courses for challenge

meet with program head/faculty

review the self-audit

determine eligibility

obtain approval for PLAR

consult with program faculty responsible for each PLAR

confirm assessment methods & procedures

follow an action plan

review your skills & knowledge

collect, create & compile evidence

obtain validations

meet timelines

Successful: see academic

transcript

Not successful: letter sent

consult with program head

register for course

grade appeal process available

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10


How long will it take to prepare evidence for PLAR?

Since the requirements are different for each course, and each candidate has different experiences, the amount of time it takes to prepare your evidence will vary.

Steps to complete a self-audit

1. Read through the levels of competence as listed below.

Mastery: I am able to demonstrate the learning outcome well enough to teach it to someone else.

Competent: I can work independently to apply the learning outcome.

Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome.

Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area.

None: I have no experience with the outcome.

Learning outcomes

For each learning outcome listed, please self-evaluate your competency levels and record in the

appropriate column for each self-audit.

2. Take a few minutes and read through the following self-audit for each course you are

interested in as a PLAR candidate. 3. Check your level of competence as you read through each of the learning outcomes for

each course. The information will help you in your decision to continue with your PLAR application.

4. In order to be successful in a PLAR assessment, your abilities must be at the competent or

mastery level for the majority of the learning outcomes. Some things to consider when determining your level of competence are:

How do I currently use this outcome? What previous training have I had in this outcome: workshops, courses, on-the-job? What personal development or volunteer experience do I have in this area?

Be prepared to explain the reason you chose this level if asked by an assessor.

5. Bring the completed self-audit to a consultation meeting with the program head or faculty

member in step 3 – PLAR process of the candidate process for prior learning assessment.


Self-audit guide(s)

APHY 191 – Anatomy & Physiology 1

You will explore the structure and function of organs and systems in the normal human body. Your studies will focus on the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous and endocrine systems. Credit unit(s): 3.0


Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Describe the structural organization of the human body.

Identify levels of structural organization

Describe systems of the human body

Describe anatomical position and related terminology

Identify features of body cavities

2. Describe the chemical level of organization of the human body.

Define terms related to body chemistry

State the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and

nucleotides in the human body

3. Describe the cellular level of organization of the human body.

Describe the structure and function of components of the human cell

Describe protein synthesis

Describe cell division

4. Describe the tissue level of organization of the human body.

State the structure and function of epithelial tissues

State the structure and function of connective tissues

State the structure and function of membranes

State the structure and function of muscle and nervous tissue

5. Describe the structure and function of the skeletal system.

Describe the structure of bone tissue

Describe bone growth

Describe the main divisions of the skeleton and their component

Describe joints, bursae and tendons




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6. Describe the structure and function of the nervous system.

State the organization and function of the nervous system

Discuss neurophysiology

Describe the structure and function of the central nervous system

Describe the structure and function of the peripheral nervous system

Describe the structure and basic physiology of the following senses: smell, taste, sight and hearing

7. Describe the structure and function of the endocrine system.

Describe the endocrine gland activity

Describe the structure and function of the pituitary glands and

hypothalamus

Describe the structure and function of the thyroid gland

Describe the structure and function of the parathyroid gland

Describe the structure and function of the adrenal gland

Describe the structure and function of the pancreas

State the hormones produced by the gonads

8. Describe the structure and function of the muscular system.

Describe the types and characteristics of muscle tissue

State the structure and function of skeletal muscle

State the structure and function of cardiac and smooth muscle

9. Describe the structure and function of the integumentary system.

State the structure and function of skin component

Discuss skin pathology


PLAR assessment methods

If you qualify for PLAR, you may be asked to demonstrate your learning in the following way. Be prepared to discuss the expectations during a consultation meeting. 1. Challenge exam

Candidate will be required to pass a 50 minute examination with a minimum mark of 50%

Candidate is tested on theory

The closed book exam consists of multiple choice questions

Upon prior approval of program head, complete a proctor form (refer to Appendix D).

Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course. Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) APHY 191 – Anatomy & Physiology 1, course

manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic, Saskatoon Campus.

http://www.siast.sk.ca/bookstore/



Building on the knowledge gained in APHY 191 (Anatomy & Physiology 1), you will continue your study of the structure and function of the normal human body. Your studies will focus on the cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive systems.

Credit unit(s): 3.0

Prerequisite(s): APHY 191

APHY 282 – Anatomy & Physiology 2 Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Describe the structure and function of the cardiovascular system.

Discuss the characteristics of blood

Describe the structure and function of blood cells

Discuss coagulation and blood groups

Discuss heart anatomy

Discuss heart physiology

Describe blood vessels and circulation

2. Describe the structure and function of the immune system.

Discuss the structure and function of the lymphatic system

Describe non-specific resistance to disease

Discuss immunity

3. Describe the structure and function of the respiratory system.

Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the conduction and respiratory portions

Describe the mechanics of respiration

4. Describe the structure and function of the digestive system.

Describe the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract

Discuss the structure and function of the upper gastrointestinal tract

Discuss the structure and function of the lower gastrointestinal tract

Describe chemical digestion and absorption

Describe metabolism and energy production

Discuss nutrition and metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids

5. Describe the structure and function of the urinary system.

Describe the anatomy of the urinary system


APHY 282 – Anatomy & Physiology 2 Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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Describe kidney function

Describe urine, the bladder and urinary system pathology

Discuss the regulatory function of the kidney

Describe electrolytes, acid-base balance and buffering systems

6. Describe the structure and function of the reproductive system.

Describe the male reproductive system

Describe the female reproductive system







Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course. Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) APHY 282 – Anatomy & Physiology 2, course

manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic, Saskatoon Campus.



CHEM 176 – Clinical Chemistry 1

Your studies will focus on the principles and application of analytical techniques. These include basic light measuring systems, electrochemistry and laboratory automation. You will develop the skills needed to produce valid analytical results to assess blood gases, electrolytes, carbohydrates and renal function. Credit unit(s): 5.0

Prerequisite(s): MTER 180, APHY 282 (concurrent) and PROC 180 (concurrent)

CHEM 176 – Clinical Chemistry 1 Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Describe how the laboratory can ensure accurate, relevant test results.

Describe the general factors affecting laboratory results

2. Use light measuring techniques in the laboratory.

Describe the theories of electromagnetic radiation as applied to laboratory analysis

Describe the components of light measuring systems used in

laboratory analyses

Describe the use of absorbance and transmittance in laboratory

instrumentation

Perform a calibration curve assay

Assess results calculated from the calibration curve

Describe the common types of light measuring instruments used in

the laboratory

Describe spectrophotometer quality assurance procedures

3. Report valid results to evaluate carbohydrate metabolism.

Describe carbohydrate metabolism

Describe the clinical application of carbohydrate metabolism tests

Describe tests used to assess carbohydrate metabolism

Describe measurement of whole blood glucose by point of care testing

Correlate carbohydrate metabolism tests to clinical states

Perform tests used to assess carbohydrate metabolism

Assess results used to evaluate carbohydrate metabolism

Report valid results to evaluate carbohydrate metabolism

4. Perform analysis using electrochemistry.

Define terms used in electrochemistry

Describe the use of potentiometry in clinical chemistry laboratories



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Describe the use of amperometry/voltammetry in clinical chemistry laboratories

Describe the use of coulometry in clinical chemistry laboratories

Describe the use of conductometry in clinical chemistry laboratories

Describe the use of biosensors in clinical chemistry laboratories

Perform analysis using electrochemistry

5. Report valid results to evaluate acid-base balance and blood gases.

Describe the control of acid-base balance in the human body

Describe oxygen transport in blood

Describe the clinical conditions and the compensatory mechanism of

acid-base balance

Describe preanalytical concerns for blood gas analysis

6. Report valid results to evaluate electrolyte balance.

Describe the regulation of body water

Describe the use of sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate in

clinical chemistry

Describe the use of magnesium, calcium and phosphate in clinical

chemistry

Describe common interferences and errors in electrolyte measurement

Correlate electrolytes to clinical state

Perform tests used to evaluate electrolyte balance

Assess electrolyte results

Report valid results to evaluate electrolyte imbalance

7. Report valid results to evaluate renal function.

Describe the clinical application of urea, creatinine, uric acid, total protein and albumin results

Describe the methods used to measure urea, creatinine, uric acid,

total protein and albumin

Describe common interferences and errors in urea, creatinine, uric

acid, total protein and albumin measurement

Correlate urea, creatinine, uric acid, total protein and albumin results to clinical states

Use calculations to assess renal function

Perform tests used to evaluate renal function



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Assess test results to evaluate renal function

Report valid results to evaluate renal function

8. Describe automation in the laboratory.

Learn key words defining common processing concepts

Describe the several component steps or stages in automated systems


If you qualify for PLAR, you may be asked to demonstrate your learning in one or more of the following ways. Be prepared to discuss the expectations during a consultation meeting. 1. Challenge exam

Candidate will be required to pass a 2 hour examination with a minimum mark of 50%

Candidate is tested on theory for both comprehension and critical thinking assessment

The exam is closed book and consists of multiple choice and case study questions

The candidate must pass the challenge exam before the evidence file will be evaluated


AND

2. Evidence file (may or may not require an interview with assessor)

Completion of self-audit

Cover page (refer to Appendix E)

Signed employment validation form (refer to Appendix A)

Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – CHEM 176)

If applicable, any relevant documentation of completion of private (offered as an in-service by past employers, for example), training courses, non-credit courses and/or workshops

The candidate must pass the evidence file requirements before the on campus performance testing session will be scheduled

AND

3. On campus performance component

Candidate will be required to attend and pass a 2 hour laboratory performance testing session at Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon campus.


Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course.

Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) CHEM 176 – Clinical Chemistry 1, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.


CHEM 279 – Clinical Chemistry 2

You will learn advanced light measuring techniques, as well as enzymology and immunoassay theory. You will develop the skills needed to produce and assess valid results.

Credit unit(s): 3.0 Prerequisite(s): CHEM 176 and IMMU 183


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1. Report valid results using enzymes as reagents.

Define key terms in enzymology

Describe how enzymes catalyze reactions

Describe the structure of protein molecules

Describe enzyme nomenclature

Describe the effect of the factors that impact enzymes

Describe the use of molar absorptivity in lab measurements

Describe first order kinetics and the use of enzymes as analytical reagents

Perform measurement of a substrate in serum

Assess results of assays using enzymes as reagents

2. Report valid results to quantitate enzymes in serum.

Describe zero order kinetics

List enzymes commonly measured in clinical chemistry

Perform measurement of enzyme activity

Assess results of assays that measure enzyme activity

3. Report valid results to assess cardiovascular function.

Describe the clinical significance of cardiac enzymes and isoenzymes

Describe the methods used to measure cardiac enzymes and

isoenzymes

Describe the clinical significance and methods for cardiac proteins

Perform cardiovascular diagnostic tests

Assess results of cardiovascular diagnostic tests

4. Report valid results to assess lipid metabolism.

Describe the clinical significance of lipids

Describe the methods for measuring lipids



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Calculate LDL using the Friedewald Formula

Perform lipid diagnostic tests

Assess results of lipid metabolism diagnostic tests

5. Report valid results to assess pancreatic function.

Describe the two main enzymes used to detect pancreatitis

Interpret pancreatic enzyme diagnostic tests

6. Report valid results to assess hepatic function.

Describe the main functions of the liver

Describe bilirubin metabolism

Describe bilirubin and urobilinogen measurement in the laboratory

List enzymes measured to monitor hepatic function

Describe the types of jaundice

Perform tests to determine hepatic function

Assess results of hepatic function tests

7. Report valid results to assess therapeutic drug monitoring.

Describe how the body absorbs, distributes and eliminates drugs

Describe the importance of proper specimen collection for drug testing

Describe the clinical use of therapeutic drugs

Describe immunoassay methods used in the chemistry laboratory

Describe common interferences and errors in therapeutic drug monitoring

Perform therapeutic drug monitoring

Assess results of therapeutic or toxic drug levels

8. Report miscellaneous immunoassay tests.

List frequently ordered immunoassay tests

Describe kit tests performed in the clinical laboratory

Describe the clinical significance of miscellaneous immunoassay tests

Perform diagnostic kit tests

Assess the results of kit tests



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9. Describe the application of toxicology in the clinical laboratory.

Define toxicology

Describe the clinical application and measurement of ethanol

Describe the clinical application and measurement of carbon monoxide

Describe the clinical application and measurement of salicylates

Describe the clinical application and measurement of acetaminophen

Describe the clinical application and method for a drug of abuse screen

Perform a drugs of abuse test



Candidate will be required to pass a 2 hour examination with a mark of 50%

Candidate is tested on theory for both comprehension and critical thinking assessment including mathematical calculations necessary for Clinical Chemistry 2

The exam is closed book and consists of multiple choice/short answer questions. The student may bring a non-programmable calculator into the exam


AND





Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – CHEM 279)

If applicable, any relevant documentation of completion of private (offered as an in-service by past employers, for example), training courses, non-credit courses and/or workshops.

The candidate must pass the evidence file requirements before the on campus performance testing session will be scheduled


Resources


Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) CHEM 279 – Clinical Chemistry 2, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.


ECRD 180 – Electrocardiography

Your studies will focus on the theoretical aspects required to perform electrocardiograms. The course content includes recording techniques, recognizing artifacts and identifying remedies to minimize them, and recognizing basic cardiac arrhythmias.

Credit unit(s): 3.0

ECRD 180 – Electrocardiography Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Describe the structure and function of the heart.

Identify the location of major structures of the heart including

chambers, septums, valves and great vessels

Describe the function of each layer of the heart

Explain systemic, pulmonary and cardiac circulation

Describe chemical, electrical and mechanical events of basic cell physiology

Describe the normal intrinsic pathway of the electrical conduction

system

Identify how other body systems influence the rate of heart beat

2. Explain lead theory and cardiac monitoring.

Define cardiology, electrocardiograph, electrocardiogram and ambulatory cardiac monitoring

State the purpose of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac

monitoring

List the information obtained and limitations of the ECG

Explain lead placement for a 12-lead ECG and cardiac monitors

Describe skin preparation for a 12-lead ECG and cardiac monitors

Describe ideal test location, patient preparation/test explanation and proper test procedure

3. Perform an ECG.

Describe equipment and supplies required to perform an ECG

Explain the normal components of the electrocardiogram

Explain basic ECG lead theory

Describe normal paper speed and standardization

Describe the qualities of a clinically acceptable ECG

Define artefact and possible elimination techniques

List the purposes of recording rhythm strips

Explain the purpose for additional procedures



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4. Identify a systematic approach to 12-lead ECG assessments.

Identify the normal measurements for shape, voltage, axis and heart

rate

Describe ECG waveforms, intervals, and segments

Describe factors other than cardiac that can influence an ECG tracing

Describe criteria for normal sinus rhythm (NSR)

Explain the systematic approach to 12-lead ECG assessment

5. Describe the structure and function of the urinary system.

Differentiate rhythms originating in the sinus node, atria, AV junction

and ventricles

Describe heart blocks

Describe acute coronary artery syndrome, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy

Recognize ischemia, injury and infarction patterns

Identify abnormal electrolyte and miscellaneous ECG changes

6. Describe the structure and function of the reproductive system.

State the components of an electronic pacing system

Recognize the basic types of pacing

Identify normal sensing

Identify normal capture

Recognize fusion and pseudofusion beats

State the purpose of an implantable cardiac defibrillator and cardiac

resynchronization therapy, implantable loop recorders, and transtelephonic pacemaker transmissions

7. Identify other cardiac devices and diagnostic procedures.

Discuss exercise tolerance testing (ETT)

Discuss echocardiography (Echo)

Discuss nuclear stress test

Discuss cardiac catherization (angiogram)

Discuss angioplasty and stents

Discuss coronary bypass

Discuss cardiac ablation



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Discuss cardiac rehabilitation


If you qualify for PLAR, you may be asked to demonstrate your learning in the following way. Be prepared to discuss the expectations during a consultation meeting.

1. Challenge exam



The closed book exam consists of multiple choice and short answer questions


** Candidate must pass challenge exam before the evidence file will be assessed **

AND


Completion of self-audit Cover page (refer to Appendix E) Signed employment validation form (refer to Appendix A) Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – ECRD 180) If applicable, any relevant documentation of completion of private (offered as an in-

service by past employers, for example) training courses, non-credit courses and/or workshops

Resources


Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) ECRD 180 – Electrocardiography, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.



ETHC 185 – Professional Practices 1

You will receive an introduction to health care and health care delivery systems. You will study the legal and ethical issues faced by health care professionals. You will discuss interpersonal and employability skills required in health care professions with an emphasis on teamwork, communication and stress management. You will learn methods to deal with grief and loss, in addition to skills and techniques for critical thinking and conflict management. Credit unit(s): 3.0 Equivalent course(s): HUMR 182

ETHC 185 – Professional Practices 1 Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Describe health care and health care delivery.

Describe health and its determinants

Describe the components of Canada’s health care system

Describe the types of health care delivery

2. Describe legal and ethical issues in health care.

Describe the role and responsibilities of provincial and national

professional associations

Define a hospital’s legal responsibility for providing a standard of care

Describe behaviour guidelines to minimize the risk of harassment, slander and sexual abuse

Describe the components of a valid consent for treatment

Describe the importance of confidentiality in health care environments

Discuss professional ethics and bioethics

Describe mandatory reporting of suspected abuse and malpractice

Describe health care directives

3. Describe effective employability skills required in health care professions.

Identify the core skills for employability and professionalism

Identify the skills specific to Medical Diagnostics

Identify the importance of individual skill development

Identify strategies to develop employability skills and professionalism

4. Demonstrate interpersonal communication.

Describe the communication process

Discuss how the communication process integrates effective verbal,

non-verbal, listening and perception skills



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Describe barriers to effective communication

Describe strategies to facilitate effective communication

Discuss the use of technology for communication

5. Explain how to facilitate communication with individuals having diverse needs.

Discuss communication for diverse needs

Describe techniques for effective communication when people have sensory impairments

Describe techniques used to communicate with impairments due to

intoxication

Describe techniques used to communicate with mental impairments

Recognize diverse communication needs for patients of different generations

Establish strategies for communicating across cultures and language

barriers

Describe stressors affecting patients and how they affect behaviours

6. Demonstrate critical thinking skills.

Define critical thinking processes

Apply processes involved in critical thinking

Discuss the value of critical thinking

7. Describe stress and stress management strategies.

Describe the common stressors in life

Describe self-talk and how it relates to stress management

Describe a healthy balanced life

Describe stress reduction techniques

8. Describe the methods used when dealing with grief and loss.

Describe grief and the behaviour of individuals in various stages of

grief

Describe how to assist patients in the various stages of the grieving process

Describe how grief affects the health care provider

9. Analyze the components of conflict and techniques for conflict management.

Describe conflict and views of conflict



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Describe the conflict process

Discuss conflict management techniques


If you qualify for PLAR, you may be asked to demonstrate your learning in one or more of the following ways. Be prepared to discuss the expectations during a consultation meeting. 1. ETHC Challenge exam



The closed book exam consists of multiple choice and case study questions



AND





Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – ETHC 185)


Resources


Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) ETHC 185 – Professional Practices 1, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.



You will study health care organizational behaviour and the skills required for leadership/management roles. You will discuss co-operative work relationships, conflict resolution, budgeting, strategic planning, the collective bargaining process, and workload measurements. You will develop workplace documents and demonstrate job search techniques. Credit unit(s): 2.0


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1. Develop workplace documents.

Explain the principles of effective writing

Discuss letters and e-mail memos

Discuss standard formal for professional writing

Discuss standard letters

Write a procedure

Write an effective e-mail

Develop short informal reports

2. Use effective job search strategies.

Describe job search strategies

Assess the job market

Describe the importance of resumes and cover letters

Discuss job interviews

3. Describe co-operative working relationships.

Describe characteristics of successful teams

Describe team development stages

Describe inter-professional health care teams

Describe assertiveness techniques

4. Describe the qualities of a leader.

Define leadership and leadership qualities

Discuss leadership practices

Discuss leadership styles

5. Describe the organizational functions of a manager.



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Define management

List the functions of a manager

Discuss the skills required by successful managers

Describe how to motivate staff

Describe effective performance appraisals

6. Discuss concepts used in the health care workplace.

Describe terms used in organizational planning

Describe the use of budgets

Discuss Lean practices

Describe workload measurement (units)

Describe the role of unions in the workforce


If you qualify for PLAR, you may be asked to demonstrate your learning in one or more of the following ways. Be prepared to discuss the expectations during a consultation meeting.

*You must have had a minimum of 6 months of experience in a management position in order to PLAR this course (ETHC 280)*

1. Challenge exam






AND





Signed employment validation form that clearly demonstrates the candidate has a minimum of at least 6 months of experience in a management level position (refer to Appendix A)

Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – ETHC 280)


Resources


Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) ETHC 280 – Professional Practices 2, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.


IMMU 183 - Immunology

You will study the body’s innate and acquired defense mechanisms. Your studies will focus on the involvement of the immune system in various disease states and clinical conditions. The course also provides an introduction to the principles of antigen-antibody reactions and their application in many laboratory tests. Credit unit(s): 2.0 Prerequisite(s): MTER 180


Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else.

Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome.



None: I have no experience with the outcome. Ma

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1. Explain the process of immunity.

Describe the elements and process of non-specific immunity

Describe the general characteristics and components of the adaptive

immune response

Describe the structure and function of the five immunoglobulin classes

Describe the basics of antibody production

Describe the mechanisms and consequences of compliment activation

in both innate and adaptive immunity

Describe the general properties of antigens

Describe the process and products of cell-mediated immunity

2. Discuss the principles of antigen-antibody interactions.

Define antigen-antibody terminology

Describe the intermolecular attractive forces affecting antigen-

antibody reactions

Describe the law of mass action

Discuss affinity and avidity and their influence on antigen-antibody reactions

List the factors which affect affinity constants

3. Discuss test methods used to detect antigen-antibody reactions.

Define terms used in immunological testing

Describe light-scattering techniques

Describe passive immunodiffusion techniques

Describe immunoelectrophoretic techniques

Describe agglutination reactions

Describe complement fixation techniques








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Explain the principles and procedures of labeled immunoassays

4. Discuss the pathophysiology of hypersensitivity reactions.

Define hypersensitivity

Describe the four types of hypersensitivity

Describe the immune mediator involved in each type of hypersensitivity

Describe the mechanism of tissue injury in each type of

hypersensitivity

Give an example of each type of hypersensitivity

5. Discuss common immunological disease states.

Explain autoimmunity

Explain tumor immunology

Explain transplant immunology

Explain immunodeficiency




Candidate is tested on theory for both comprehension and critical thinking assessment The exam is closed book and consists of multiple choice questions Upon prior approval of program head, complete a proctor form (refer to Appendix D).

Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course. Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) IMMU 183 – Immunology, course manual,

Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.


INFC 180 – Infection Control and Safety

You will study the transmission of microorganisms, blood-borne pathogens (i.e. hepatitis virus and HIV), standard precautions, isolation procedures, immunization for medical workers, sterilization and disinfection, biohazard waste, safety and WHMIS. Credit unit(s): 2.0

INFC 180 – Infection Control and Safety Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Define the characteristics of microorganisms.

Describe the different types of microorganisms

Describe the appearance of bacteria

Describe the importance of endospores

Describe the phases of bacterial growth

Describe the viral characteristics and effects on host cells

2. Describe the interaction between microbe and host.

Describe normal flora

Describe host-microbial relationships other than normal flora

Describe the chain of infection

Describe the signs and symptoms of infection

Describe nosocomial infections, antibiotic resistant bacteria and the role of infection control committees

3. Describe immunization and tuberculin testing.

Describe how immunity is achieved

Describe immunization practices for rubella, hepatitis and chicken pox

Describe the need for tuberculin testing

4. Describe the blood-borne pathogens – Hepatitis and HIV.

Describe the transmission, pathology, diagnostic testing and treatment for Hepatitis A

Describe the transmission, pathology, diagnostic testing and treatment

for Hepatitis B

Describe the transmission, pathology, diagnostic testing and treatment for Hepatitis C

Describe the transmission, pathology, diagnostic testing and treatment for HIV

Describe risks and exposure protocols for health care workers


INFC 180 – Infection Control and Safety Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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5. Follow Standard Precautions and Isolation Procedures.

Describe the use and guidelines for standard precautions

Describe personal protection

Describe isolation procedures

6. Describe sterilization and disinfection procedures as an essential part of infection control.

Apply the correct terms used for sterilization and disinfection

Describe the various sterilization methods used in health care settings

Describe the various methods of chemical disinfection

Describe the various methods of mechanical disinfection

Describe aseptic technique

7. Describe safety and WHMIS in the workplace.

Describe the components of safety

Describe the components of WHMIS

Describe the disposal of waste in health care facilities


If you qualify for PLAR, you may be asked to demonstrate your learning in one or more of the following ways. Be prepared to discuss the expectations during a consultation meeting. Students enrolled in the Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology (CLXT), Cytotechnology, Medical Laboratory Assistant (MLA), Medical Laboratory Technology (MLT) and Medical Radiologic Technology (MRT) programs who successfully PLAR INFC 180 are required to participate in a Medical Diagnostic Department Saskatoon Campus laboratory safety tour as part of their program requirements. 1. Challenge exam



The exam is closed book and consists of multiple choice questions

Upon prior approval of program head, complete a proctor form (refer to Appendix D). ** Candidate must pass challenge exam before the evidence file will be assessed **


2. Watch video

HTTP://fms.siast.sk.ca/virtual_campus/infection.html demonstrates the correct use of personal protective equipment in a health care setting.

AND





Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – INFC 180)

Signed Medical Diagnostics Department Personal Protective Equipment Student Agreement Biohazard form (Appendix C)


Resources


Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) INFC 180 – Infection Control and Safety, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.

http://fms.siast.sk.ca/virtual_campus/infection.html


MTER 180 – Medical Terminology

You will learn to use the prefixes, suffixes and combining forms from which medical terms are derived. You will also learn to use medical abbreviations. Credit unit(s): 1.0

Equivalent course(s): MED 161

MTER 180 - Medical Terminology Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Apply the rules for construction and analysis of medical terms.

State the components and combinations used

State the rules for word construction and analysis

State the rules for word pronunciation and spelling

2. Apply the rules for using medical suffixes, combining forms and prefixes.

Use suffixes which relate to medical conditions

Use suffixes which relate to technical procedures

Use general suffixes commonly used in the medical field

Use combining forms which relate to body systems

Use general combining forms that are commonly used in the medical

field

Use prefixes which relate to direction or position

Use prefixes which relate to colour, shape, size or number

Use general prefixes that are commonly used in the medical field

3. Interpret medical abbreviations. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Interpret abbreviations and symbols related to pharmacy

Interpret abbreviations and symbols related to doctor’s orders

Interpret abbreviations and symbols related to measurement





Candidate is tested on theory The closed book exam consists of multiple choice questions


Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course. Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) MTER 180 – Medical Terminology, course manual,

Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus. Several medical dictionaries and medical terminology textbooks are available at: Saskatchewan

Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus Library.


http://library.saskpolytech.ca/

http://library.saskpolytech.ca/


PATH 179 – Radiographic Pathology 1

You will learn how to identify the pathological conditions of specific body systems as demonstrated on radiographs. At course completion, you will be able to use the required radiographic qualities to adequately illustrate the pathology in question. Credit unit(s): 2.0 Prerequisite(s): RGAN 180



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1. Use medical terminology.

Describe disease and their classification system

Explain inflammation, edema, ischemia, infarction, hemorrhage and neoplasia

Identify alterations of cell growth

Discuss hereditary diseases

Describe disorders of immunity

2. Correlate radiographic images to skeletal system pathology.

Review the physiology of the skeletal system

Describe congenital and hereditary diseases of the bone

Describe inflammatory and infectious disorders of the bone

Describe metabolic bone disease

Describe ischemic necrosis of bone

Describe benign bone tumors

Describe malignant bone tumors

Describe bone metastases

Describe fractures

Describe subluxation, dislocation and joint trauma

Describe fractures, dislocations and disorders of the spine

Describe hormonal disorders

Review the radiographic modifications necessary for skeletal radiography

3. Correlate radiographic images to respiratory system pathology.

Review the physiology of the respiratory system

Describe congenital and hereditary diseases




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Describe inflammatory disorders of the upper respiratory system

Describe inflammatory diseases of the lower respiratory system

Describe diffuse lung disease

Describe neoplasms of the respiratory system

Describe vascular diseases of the respiratory system

Describe miscellaneous lung disorders

Describe the pleura

Describe mediastinal masses of the respiratory system

Describe disorders of the diaphragm

Review the radiographic modifications necessary for respiratory

radiography

4. Correlate radiographic images to gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems pathology.

Review the physiology of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary

systems

Describe metabolic disorders

Describe hydronephrosis

Describe inflammatory disorders

Describe neoplastic disorders

Describe hiatus hernia and causes of bowel obstruction

Review the radiographic modifications necessary for disorders of the

gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems

5. Correlate radiographic images to hematopoietic system pathology.

Review the physiology of the blood

Review diseases of white blood cells


hematopoietic system pathology

6. Correlate radiographic images to endocrine system pathology.

Review the physiology of the endocrine system

Review pathologies of the adrenal glands

Review pathologies of the pituitary gland

Review pathologies of the thyroid gland




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Review pathologies of the parathyroid glands

Review diabetic mellitus


endocrine system pathology







Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course. Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) PATH 179 – Radiographic Pathology 1, course

manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.



PATH 181 – Laboratory Result Correlation

You will focus on the role of the laboratory in diagnosis and disease management. The course content includes the analyses used and brief descriptions of common disorders involving the various body systems. You will use this information to help you define the role of the laboratory in disease diagnosis and management. This information will assist you to detect possible discrepancies in laboratory test results.

Credit unit(s): 3.0

Prerequisite(s): HEMA 179 (concurrent), CHEM 279 (concurrent), and HEMA 192







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1. Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders of the endocrine system.

Describe the endocrine system

Correlate laboratory analyses to diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus

Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders of the pituitary gland

Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders of the adrenal

glands

Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders of the thyroid gland

Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders of the parathyroid gland

2. Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders of the respiratory system.

Describe the respiratory system and acid-base balance

Correlate laboratory analyses to common respiratory disorders

3. Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders of the skeletal, skeletal muscle and nervous systems.

Describe the chemical composition of bone matrix

Correlate laboratory analyses to common bone and joint disorders

Correlate laboratory analyses to common skeletal muscle disorders

Describe the nervous system and cerebrospinal fluid

Correlate laboratory analyses to common nervous system disorders

4. Correlate laboratory analyses to pregnancy states and common disorders of the reproductive system.

Correlate laboratory results to common disorders of the reproductive system








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Correlate laboratory results to various pregnancy states

5. Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders involving blood cells and coagulation factors.

Describe erythrocyte production

Correlate laboratory results to common erythrocyte disorders

Correlate laboratory results to common leukocyte disorders

Correlate laboratory results to common disorders of hemostasis

6. Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders of the renal system.

Describe the renal system and its function with acid-base balance

Identify analyses of renal function

Correlate laboratory results to common renal disorders

7. Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders involving the cardiovascular system.

Correlate laboratory results to cardiac disease

Correlate laboratory results to myocardial infarction

8. Correlate laboratory analyses to common disorders involving the digestive system.

Correlate laboratory results to disorders of the digestive tract

Correlate laboratory results to disorders of the liver

Correlate laboratory results to disorders of the pancreas


If you qualify for PLAR, you may be asked to demonstrate your learning in the following way. Be prepared to discuss the expectations during a consultation meeting.

1. Challenge exam

Candidate will be required to pass a 2 hour examination with a minimum mark of 50%


The exam is closed book and consists of multiple choice and case study questions



PROC 180 – General Laboratory Practice

You will receive the theory and practice required to perform basic procedures in a laboratory. The course content includes laboratory glassware, use of balances, centrifuges, thermal equipment, pH meters, microscopes and solution preparation with related calculations. Credit unit(s): 2.0 Prerequisite(s): INFC 180

PROC 180 – General Laboratory Practice Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Demonstrate proper use of standard laboratory equipment.

Discuss the use and care of standard laboratory glassware/plastic

ware

Demonstrate the use, selection and measurement for glass and semi-automated pipettes

Discuss the use of common thermal equipment

Demonstrate the use of a centrifuge

Demonstrate the use of a balance

Demonstrate the use of a pH meter

2. Perform calculations necessary for reagent preparation and dilution.

Review expression of numbers and units of measurement

Perform unit of measurement conversion

Perform calculations involving dilutions

Define terms used for expressing concentrations

Perform calculations for percent solutions

Perform calculations for molar solutions

Perform calculation for hygroscopic chemicals

Perform calculations for concentrated liquids using specific gravity

Perform calculations using parts per million

3. Demonstrate application of bright field microscopy.

Discuss the principle, use and components of a bright field microscope

Discuss the basic characteristics of light

Discuss the resolving power of a microscope

Define common microscopic terms

Discuss common microscopic aberrations


PROC 180 – General Laboratory Practice Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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Discuss Köehler illumination

Demonstrate application and correct use of a brightfield microscope

4. Discuss the application of other types of microscopes.

Discuss the principle, components and use of the darkfield microscope

Discuss the principle, components and use of the phase contrast

microscope

Discuss the principle, components and use of the fluorescence microscope

Discuss the principle, components and use of the polarizing

microscope

Discuss the principle, components and use of the inverted microscope

5. Perform laboratory practices in a safe manner.

Identify legislation, practices and assessment for laboratory safety

Describe the biological, chemical and physical hazards of a laboratory

Describe the ergonomics, psychological hazards and reproductive risks

of a laboratory

Describe air quality, first aid and equipment safety in a laboratory

6. Prepare reagents and standards for use in the clinical laboratory.

Discuss fine grades of chemicals

Discuss methods of water purification

Discuss general rules for chemical reagent preparation

Discuss standard solutions

Prepare reagents and standards




Candidate is tested on theory including mathematical calculations necessary for reagent preparation and dilution for General Laboratory Practice


The student may bring a non-programmable calculator into the exam



AND





Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – PROC 180)

If applicable, any relevant documentation of completion of private (offered as an in-service by past employers, for example), training courses, non-credit courses and/or workshops (i.e. WHMIS certification, TDG certification)

Resources


Laboratory Safety CSMLS Guidelines (current edition).

Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) PROC 180 – General Laboratory Practice, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.


PROC 181 – Specimen Collection and Handling

You will learn how to collect, handle and transport various laboratory specimens to ensure the quality of laboratory results. The collection of blood specimens will be emphasized. You will practice capillary and venous collection on adults at various sites in the community. Credit unit(s): 3.0 Prerequisite(s): INFC 180

PROC 181 – Specimen Collection and Handling Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Collect blood samples by venipuncture.

Discuss phlebotomy and types of samples collected by venipuncture

Describe equipment used when performing venipuncture

Describe the venipuncture procedure

Discuss common situations, problems and special collections

Perform venipunctures on a variety of adult patients

2. Collect blood samples by capillary puncture.

Discuss capillary collection

Describe equipment used when performing capillary collections

Describe the capillary puncture procedure

Discuss common problems of capillary collection

Perform capillary punctures on adults

3. Explain the procedures for collecting and handling laboratory specimens other than blood.

Explain the collection and handling of urine for common laboratory analyses

Explain the collection and handling of feces for common laboratory

analyses

Explain the collection and handling of sputum for common laboratory

analyses

Explain the collection and handling of seminal fluid specimens for common laboratory analyses

Discuss the handling of laboratory specimens typically collected by

medical/nursing staff

4. Manage the receipt, distribution and storage of laboratory specimens.

Describe the process for requesting laboratory tests

Accession laboratory specimens

Separate plasma and/or serum from blood samples


PROC 181 – Specimen Collection and Handling Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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Assess specimen suitability and priority

Describe the procedure for unsuitable specimens

Discuss distribution of specimens to the appropriate laboratory

sections

Describe proper storage and disposal of laboratory specimens

Determine specimen requirements for uncommon laboratory tests

5. Describe the transportation of laboratory specimens.

Discuss current legislation concerning transportation of biological

specimens


If you qualify for PLAR, you may be asked to demonstrate your learning in both of the following ways. Be prepared to discuss the expectations during a consultation meeting.

You must have performed a minimum of 50 venipuncture collections within the last year in order to PLAR this course

(PROC 181)*

1. Challenge exam


Candidate is tested on theory for specimen collection and handling


The student may bring a non-programmable calculator into the exam


AND





Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – PROC 181)

If applicable, any relevant documentation of completion of private (offered as an in-service by past employers, for example), training courses, non-credit courses and/or workshops (i.e. WHMIS certification, TDG certification)


Resources


Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) PROC 181 – Specimen Collection and Handling, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.


QC 193 – Best Practices in Point of Care Testing

You will study roles and responsibilities of the health care team in point of care testing (POCT). You will learn steps necessary to implement POCT, principles of quality management and correlation of POCT results. Credit unit(s): 1.0

QC 193 – Best Practices in Point of Care Testing Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Describe the management of point of care testing (POCT) by the medical laboratory.

Define POCT

Describe protocols for best practice in POCT

Describe the role and responsibilities of personnel in POCT

Discuss ways to foster partnership between the laboratory and the operators

2. Outline a POCT program.

Describe the basic principles of point of care application

List advantages and disadvantages of POCT

List the various tests incorporated into the POCT menu

Identify common guidelines for implementation of POCT

Describe the data management information used in POCT

Describe the desirable characteristics of POCT devices

3. Apply quality management (QM) principles in POCT.

Describe QC programs (internal, external)

Assess POCT results

Validate POCT results

Correlate POCT results with laboratory results

Correlate patient clinical conditions with POCT








Resources


Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) QC 193 – Best Practices in Point of Care Testing, course manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.


RDBG 184 – Radiobiology and Protection

You will be introduced to radiobiology and protection. You will acquire the knowledge and develop the skills needed to practice basic radiation protection during radiological examinations. The course content includes the biological effects of ionizing radiation, basic radiation protection principles and concepts, radiation monitoring, radiation protection guidelines and safety regulations, and techniques of minimizing patient dose during diagnostic imaging. Credit unit(s): 2.0

RDBG 184 – Radiobiology and Protection Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Describe concepts and underlying principles of radiobiology.

Discuss the types of radiation

Discuss risk versus benefit

Discuss historical radiation induced injury

Discuss dose response relationships

Discuss factors influencing radiation injury

Discuss in utero irradiation

Differentiate between direct and indirect effects of radiation

Explain radiolysis of water and its importance

Describe the effects of radiation on macromolecules and DNA

Discuss the principles of target theory and cell survival kinetics of irradiated human cells

2. Describe radiation protection concepts.

Define dose units

Explain how radiation is detected and measured

Discuss the three cardinal principles of radiation protection

Discuss how technical factors reduce dose

Discuss other methods to reduce dose

Discuss patient shielding

Discuss precautions to minimize fetal exposure

3. Describe the significance of radiation doses.

Discuss methods of reporting patient doses and explain the concept of

genetically significant dose

Describe acute radiation syndromes and local tissue damage

Discuss cytogenetic effects of radiation


RDBG 184 – Radiobiology and Protection Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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Discuss late somatic effects of radiation

4. Discuss methods to reduce radiation exposure.

List minimum standards for protective clothing, film cassettes,

darkrooms, processing and film storage

Discuss issues pertaining to mammography

Discuss patient does in computerized tomography

Discuss protective measures in place to reduce occupational exposure during fluoroscopic procedures

5. Discuss radiation safety regulations.

Explain the roles of radiation safety bodies

State the guidelines for x-ray personnel

State the guidelines for radiography of patients

State the guidelines for exposure during mobile radiography

Discuss dose limits and the ALARA principle

6. Identify standards of safe installation, design and use of x-ray equipment.

Identify safety legislation governing radiographic equipment

Lists safety requirements of general purpose radiographic equipment

Lists safety requirements of mobile radiographic equipment

Lists safety requirements of fluoroscopic equipment

Lists safety requirements for building design for x-ray equipment

installations

Describe radiation protection surveys







Upon prior approval of program head, complete a proctor form (Appendix D).

Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course. Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) RDBG 184 – Radiobiology and Protection, course

manual, Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.



RGAN 180 – Radiographic Anatomy

Your studies will focus on identifying the skeletal, thoracic, abdominal and respiratory anatomy in radiographic images. Topographical anatomy will be discussed to aid in radiographic positioning.

Credit unit(s): 3.0

Prerequisite(s): MTER 180, APHY 191, and APHY 282

RGAN 180 – Radiographic Anatomy Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Discuss the upper limb and shoulder girdle.

Review anatomy of upper limb and shoulder girdle

Identify the parts of the phalanx, metacarpal, and carpal bones and their respective joints

Identify the parts of the radius, ulna and the radioulnar joint

Identify the parts of the humerus and elbow joint

Identify the parts of the scapula and shoulder joint

Identify the parts of the clavicle and acromioclavicular joint

Palpate significant landmarks of the upper limbs and shoulder girdle

Summarize the anatomy of the upper limb and shoulder girdle

2. Discuss lower limb and pelvic girdle.

Review anatomy of lower limb and pelvic girdle

Identify the parts of the foot and its joints

Identify the parts of the tibia, fibula, and ankle joint

Identify the parts of the femur and knee joint

Identify the parts of the pelvic girdle and its joints

Palpate significant landmarks of the lower limbs and pelvic girdle

Summarize the anatomy of the lower limb and pelvic girdle

3. Discuss the vertebral column.

Review the anatomy of the typical vertebra and apophyseal and intervertebral joints

Identify the parts of the typical vertebra and apophyseal and intervertebral joints

Identify the parts of the cervical vertebrae and atlantooccipaital and

atlantoaxial joints

Identify the parts of the thoracic vertebra


RGAN 180 – Radiographic Anatomy Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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Identify the parts of the lumbar vertebra

Identify the parts of the sacrum and coccyx

Palpate significant landmarks of the vertebral column

Summarize the anatomy of the vertebral column

4. Discuss the bony thorax and its joints.

Review anatomy of the bony thorax

Identify the parts of the bones of the sternum and related joints

Identify the parts of the ribs and related joints

Palpate and discuss significant landmarks of the thorax

Summarize the anatomy of the bony thorax

5. Discuss the cranium and facial bones.

Review anatomy of cranium and facial bones

Identify the parts of the parietal, occipital and frontal bones and the cranial fossae

Identify the parts of the temporal, sphenoid and ethmoid bones

Identify the parts of the maxilla, zygoma, mandible, palatine and hyoid bones and discuss the nasal sinuses

Identify the vomer, nasal, lacrimal, and inferior nasal concha bones,

and the discuss the nasal cavity

Identify the bones of the orbits and the sutures, foramen and temporomandibular joints

Palpate significant landmarks of the head and neck

Summarize the anatomy of the cranium and facial bones

6. Discuss the chest and abdomen.

Review anatomy of the chest and abdomen

Identify structures of the thoracic cavity, respiratory system and

mediastinum as seen on radiographic images of the chest

Identify soft tissue and skeletal structures as seen on radiographic images of the abdomen

Palpate significant landmarks of the chest and abdomen

Summarize the anatomy of the chest and abdomen








Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course. Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) RGAN 180 – Radiographic Anatomy, course manual,

Saskatoon, SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.


CLIN 198 – Clinical ECG

You will participate in a supervised clinical experience at an assigned clinical site. Upon successfully completing this experience, you will be able to competently perform ECG’s. Credit unit(s): 2.0

Prerequisite(s): SIMU 280 or SIMU 100

CLIN 198 – Clinical ECG Mastery: I am able to demonstrate it well enough to teach it to someone else. Competent: I can work independently to apply the outcome. Functional: I need some assistance in using the outcome. Learning: I am developing skills and knowledge for this area. None: I have no experience with the outcome. M

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1. Work safely in electrocardiography (ECG).

Use standard precautions

Demonstrate hygiene practices

Use equipment safely

Dispose of biological materials appropriately

Demonstrate knowledge of all emergency codes

Locate crash cart location

Respond to fire emergencies

Practice WHIMIS guidelines

Describe protocol for incident/accident reporting

2. Conduct all workplace actions in a professional manner.

Arrive on time daily

Adhere to dress code

Maintain confidentiality

Maintain code of professional conduct

Demonstrate time management, initiative and accountability

Work independently within scope of practice

Seek learning experiences to meet goals

Make decisions with assistance

Demonstrate ability to adapt to changes

Take responsibility for own actions

Adhere to policies and procedures of Saskatchewan Polytechnic and

health agency

3. Display communication skills in electrocardiography.

Relate required information accurately



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Record messages correctly

Demonstrate knowledge of telephone use (place on hold, transfer

call)

Demonstrate knowledge of intercom use (if applicable)

Follow up on written and verbal requests promptly

Provide concise patient instructions before, during and after ECG examinations

Obtain consent

Provide accurate documentation

Practice reflective listening

Utilize interpreter as required

4. Demonstrate ability to work as part of the electrocardiography team.

Perform electrocardiography within scope of practice

Perform duties as assigned

Assist co-workers in task completion

Work cooperatively with others

Practice reflective listening

5. Manage the testing and reporting of ECG’s.

Utilize requisition

Assemble equipment and supplies to perform testing

Locate the correct anatomical 12-lead ECG placements

Perform ECG

Evaluate ECG report for rate, rhythm, and measurements

Assess ECG for artefact

Assess ECG for critical abnormalities

Notify appropriate health care professional of critical abnormal

findings

6. Perform basic management functions required for the effective running of the electrocardiography laboratory.

Determine work responsibilities

Perform duties as assigned



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Prioritize “stat”, “urgent”, and “routine” requests

Demonstrate effective time management

Demonstrate the ability to multi-task

Communicate to supervisor supply requirements

7. Identify need for adjustment to routine ECG procedure due to patient age or condition.

Utilize requisition

Assist with assessment of patient condition

Consult with other health care providers as required

Discuss performance of ECG using alternate patient position ensuring

no patient detriment

Discuss performance of ECG using optimal lead placement as required

Notate on ECG report any adjustments to normal ECG procedure








AND



Completion of self-audit Cover page (refer to Appendix E) Signed employment validation form (refer to Appendix A) Signed employer validation checklist (refer to Appendix B – CLIN 198) If applicable, any relevant documentation of completion of private (offered as an in-

service by past employers, for example) training courses, non-credit courses and/or workshops

Resources

A PLAR candidate may find it beneficial to review the following material in preparation for the assessment. The resources may be referred to, but are not required to PLAR the course. Saskatchewan Polytechnic (current edition) CLIN 198 – Clinical ECG, course manual, Saskatoon,

SK: Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus.




Appendices


Appendix A – Employment validation form


An essential part of prior learning and recognition is documentation that serves as evidence for the Saskatchewan Polytechnic assessor that the employee/candidate has acquired skills and knowledge as

they relate to the specific learning outcomes for the course(s) they are seeking credit. This Employment validation form together with the appropriate Employer validation checklist(s)

(Appendix B) provides an indirect, authenticated account of the employee/candidate’s performance in industry.

Employee/PLAR candidate: ____________________________________________

(please print)

Employment information: (please print)

Employer: _______________________________________________

Employer address: ________________________________________

Employer phone number: ______________ Fax: _______________

Employer email: __________________________________________

Dates of employment: _______________ to: _________________ (dd/mm/yy) (dd/mm/yy)

Employment description: Full-time Hours per week: ________

Part-time Hours per week: ________

Job description (may be attached):

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Employer’s signature: ________________________ Date: ________________

Note to employee/PLAR candidate: The information on this form must be completed and signed by your employer/supervisor or designate indicating the job description, place, and length of employment. This form, together with the appropriate

signed and dated Employer validation checklist(s) (Appendix B) should be returned to our PLAR

assessor at Saskatchewan Polytechnic.


Appendix B – Employer validation checklists

Employer validation checklist: CHEM 176 – Clinical Chemistry 1

Combined Laboratory and Student name:

X-Ray Technology Student ID:

CHEM 176 Date:

Clinical Chemistry 1 Completion date:

Note to Validator: PLAR can be used to formally recognize learning that has already taken place. In

the Medical Diagnostic programs at Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus it is felt that recent employment experience in a laboratory may constitute sufficient application of critical laboratory skills to

meet the learning outcomes for Clinical Chemistry 1.

Below is a list of learning outcomes the candidate is required to achieve in completing CHEM 176 (Clinical

Chemistry 1). For each step in the learning outcomes please rate the candidate’s performance by placing a in the appropriate descriptor column (1, 2, 3, 4, none). For this validation if a parameter has not been performed by the candidate or is not a task that is performed at your laboratory, please place a

in the “none” column and provide a comment in the space provided at the end of this document.

Please validate each of the learning outcomes for CHEM 176 then sign below and include with the

Employment Validation Form.

CHEM 176 – Clinical Chemistry 1 4: Exceeds the completion of work in an organized fashion within acceptable time

frames, and displays the ability to apply concepts at an advanced level.

3: Consistently completes routine work in an organized fashion within acceptable time frames, and displays a good understanding of basic concepts.

2: Slow and/or disorganized and displays a lack of understanding in some basic concepts.

1: Consistently fails to complete routine work, disorganized and displays difficulty understanding basic concepts.

None: Has no experience with the outcome. 4

3

2

1

No

ne

Competency 1: Performs blood gas analysis.

The candidate shall perform to the following standards:

1. Demonstrating an understanding of pre-analytical procedures.

Demonstrates an understanding of the principles of measurement

including electrochemistry, direct/indirect and co-oximetry

Demonstrates an understanding of the function of major

components of blood gas analyzer

2. Performing quality assurance procedures to include:

Performs maintenance procedures

Prepares controls/calibrators

Performs calibration

Analyzes and assesses appropriate controls both internal and

external

3. Receiving specimens.



frames, and displays the ability to apply concepts at an advanced level. 3: Consistently completes routine work in an organized fashion within acceptable

time frames, and displays a good understanding of basic concepts. 2: Slow and/or disorganized and displays a lack of understanding in some basic

concepts. 1: Consistently fails to complete routine work, disorganized and displays difficulty

understanding basic concepts. None: Has no experience with the outcome. 4

3

2

1

No

ne

Assesses sample priority

Assesses sample suitability

Identifies correct labelling

4. Performing analytical procedure.

Programs and operates analyzer

Analyzes sample

5. Performing post-analytical procedures.

Assesses and verifies results applying:

o Reference ranges

o Critical ranges

o Clinical significance

o Sources of error

Communicates results by phone/fax/LIS

Verifies that all requested analyses have been completed

Follows protocol for specimen storage

6. Demonstrating use of safe work practices.

Practices standard precautions

Uses personal protective equipment

7. Demonstrating professionalism.

Functions within legal and ethical guidelines

Participates in continuing professional education and training

Ensures the confidentiality of the patient

Competency 2: Performs glucose meter testing.





components of analyzer





external







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Performs meter checks against lab venipuncture result

3. Performing analytical procedures.

Assembles equipment


4. Performing post analytic procedures.


o Reference ranges

o Critical ranges


o Sources of error








Competency 3: Performs manual dilutions.


1. Performing pre-analytical procedure.

Recognize the need to perform a manual dilution

Selects appropriate supplies:

o Diluent

o Pipettes

Appropriately labels diluted specimen


Performs analysis on diluted specimen

3. Performing post-analytic procedures.

Performs post-analytical calculations










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Competency 4: Produces valid results on a chemistry analyzer.





components of blood gas analyzer






external





Loads specimens onto analyzer





o Reference ranges

o Critical ranges


o Sources of error


Verifies that all requested analysis has been completed









3

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1

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Comments: Signature: Date:


Employer validation checklist: CHEM 279 – Clinical Chemistry 2



CHEM 279 Date:

Clinical Chemistry 2 Completion date:

Note to Validator: PLAR can be used to formally recognize learning that has already taken place. In the Medical Diagnostic programs at Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus it is felt that recent

employment experience in a laboratory may constitute sufficient application of critical laboratory skills to meet the learning outcomes for Clinical Chemistry 2.

Below is a list of learning outcomes the candidate is required to achieve in completing CHEM 279 (Clinical

Chemistry 2). For each step in the learning outcomes please rate the candidate’s performance by placing a in the appropriate descriptor column (1, 2, 3, 4, none). For this validation if a parameter has not

been performed by the candidate or is not a task that is performed at your laboratory, please place a

in the “none” column and provide a comment in the space provided at the end of this document.

Please validate each of the learning outcomes for CHEM 279 then sign below and include with the Employment Validation Form.






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Competency 1: Produces valid results on a chemistry analyzer.




Demonstrates an understanding of the function of major components of the analyzer




Performs calibrations

Analyzes and assesses appropriate controls both internal and external









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Loads specimens onto analyzer





o Reference ranges

o Critical ranges


o Sources of error


Verifies that all requested analysis has been completed










Employer validation checklist: ECRD 180 – Electrocardiography



ECRD 180 Date: ________________________________

Electrocardiography Completion date: ___________________

Note to validator: PLAR can be used to formally recognize learning that has already taken place. In

the Medical Diagnostic programs at Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus it is felt that recent

employment experience may constitute sufficient application of critical skills to meet the learning outcomes for Electrocardiography.

Below is the learning outcome the candidate is required to achieve in completing ECRD 180

(Electrocardiography). For each step in the learning outcome please rate the candidate’s performance by

placing a √ in the appropriate descriptor column (1, 2, 3, 4, none). For this validation if a parameter has not been performed by the candidate or is not a task that is performed at your laboratory, please place a

√ in the “none” column and provide a comment in the space provided at the end of this document.

Please validate the learning outcome for ECRD 180 then sign below.


4: Exceeds the completion of work in an organized fashion within acceptable time frames, and displays the ability to apply concepts at an advanced level.




None: Has no experience with the outcome 4

3

2

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1. Perform an ECG by:

Demonstrating professionalism in relation to patients and medical staff by:

o arriving on time

o adhering to dress code

o maintaining confidentiality

o following advice or direction given

Using effective verbal communication strategies when approaching patient by:

o using self-introduction

o explaining the procedure








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No

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Demonstrating the use and operation of equipment including:

o 25 and 50 mm/sec paper speed

o ½ , 1 and 2 STD

o rhythm strip mode

o function keys

Locating and demonstrating chest lead placement to include:

o sterna angle

o 1st intercostal space (two methods)

o V1, V2 and V3

o V4 mid-clavicular line

o V5 anterior axillary line

o V6 mid axillary line

Identifying normal sinus rhythm

Identifying the need for rhythm strips

Identifying artefact/technical error

Obtaining a technically acceptable tracing

Comments: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ Signature: ____________________________ Date: _________________________________


Employer validation checklist: ETHC 185 – Professional Practices 1



ETHC 185 Date:

Professional Practices 1 Completion date: __________________



employment experience may constitute sufficient application of critical skills to meet the learning outcomes for Professional Practices 1.

Below is a list of learning outcomes the candidate is required to achieve in completing ETHC 185

(Professional Practices 1). For each step in the learning outcomes please rate the candidate’s

performance by placing a √ in the appropriate descriptor column (1, 2, 3, 4, none). For this validation if a parameter has not been performed by the candidate or is not a task that is performed at your

laboratory, please place a √ in the “none” column and provide a comment in the space provided at the end of this document.

Please validate each of the learning outcomes for ETHC 185

then sign below and include with the employment validation form.







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1. Demonstrates interpersonal communication by:

Seeking out and listening to colleagues and clients such as:

o approaching colleagues with questions about procedures and protocols

o following advice or direction given

o seeking advice when appropriate

Using effective verbal communication strategies such as:

o asking questions when information is not clear

Using technology appropriately to facilitate communication

such as:








3

2

1

No

ne

o communicating appropriately while using the phone (i.e. polite, professional)

o generating accurate computerized reports

Using effective written communication skills such as:

o writing neat and legible documents

o producing clear, organized and understandable written documents

Following instructions well (verbal and written)

Demonstrating effective teamwork skills such as:

o working well with others involved in the same task, respecting their knowledge, skills and opinions

Demonstrating effective cooperative skills in dealings with others such as:

o offering to help/assist coworkers when own work is completed

2. Demonstrates critical thinking skills by:

Performing appropriately in situations involving time constraints, deadlines and unexpected events such as:

o using time effectively

o organizing work with limited assistance

Demonstrating effective behaviours in critical situations (identifies problems and offers solutions by:

o remaining calm and continuing to look for solutions even in stressful situations

Completes tasks, assignments and projects that involve new

skills in a timely and thorough manner by:

o approaching new challenges in a logical and enthusiastic manner

3. Demonstrates conflict resolution techniques by:

Identifying their problem and unmet needs








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Meeting and describing their problems and needs

Listening and considering the other person’s point of view

Negotiating a solution – willing to compromise

Following up on the solution

Asking for mediation/help if required

Comments: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ Signature: ___________________________ Date: _______________________________


Employer validation checklist: ETHC 280 – Professional Practices 2

Combined Laboratory & Student name:


ETHC 280 Date:

Professional Practices 2 Completion date: __________________



employment experience may constitute sufficient application of critical skills to meet the learning outcomes for Professional Practices 2.

Below is a list of learning outcomes the candidate is required to achieve in completing ETHC 280

(Professional Practices 2). For each step in the learning outcomes please rate the candidate’s

performance by placing a √ in the appropriate descriptor column (1, 2, 3, 4, none). For this validation if a parameter has not been performed by the candidate or is not a task that is performed at your

laboratory, please place a √ in the “none” column and provide a comment in the space provided at the end of this document.

Please validate each of the learning outcomes for ETHC 280 then sign below and include with the employment validation form.







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1. Develops workplace documents by:

Writing letters and memos

Applying standard format for letters and memos

Organizing the message

Writing effective emails

Developing short informal reports


Comments: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ Signature: ___________________________ Date: _______________________________


Employer validation checklist: INFC 180 – Infection Control and Safety



INFC 180 Date:

Infection Control and Safety Completion date: __________________



employment experience may constitute sufficient application of critical skills to meet the learning outcomes for Infection Control and Safety.

Below is a list of learning outcomes the candidate is required to achieve in completing INFC 180

(Infection Control and Safety). For each step in the learning outcomes please rate the candidate’s performance by placing a in the appropriate column (yes or no). Candidate is expected to achieve a

“yes” on all criteria. For this validation if a parameter has not been performed by the candidate provide a comment in the space provided at the end of this document.

Please validate the learning outcome for INFC 180



Yes: Criteria met

No: Criteria not met Ye

s

No

Follow Standard Precautions and Isolation Procedures by demonstrating the following performance assessments.

Performance test 1 (removing gloves).

Uses one hand to pinch the wrist edge of the other glove

Pulls the glove downward, turning it inside out as it is removed and

holds it in the gloved hand

Puts two finders of ungloved hand under the top edge of the other

glove, keeping the outer surface of the glove away from skin

Pulls the glove downward, turning it inside out, so that the glove being held is enclosed in the glove being pulled off

Discards gloves in appropriate garbage

Washes hands

Performance test 2 (removing gown).

Unties gown, waist ties first and neck ties last

Pulls neckline forward as neck is untied

Removes arms without touching outer surface of gown



Yes: Criteria met

No: Criteria not met Ye

s

No

Folds gown with outer surface in

Puts gown in appropriate laundry container or hangs it in appropriate

area

Washes hands

Performance test 3 (hand washing).

Removes jewellery (rings, watches, bracelets, etc.)

Adjusts water flow and temperature

Wets hands thoroughly

Applies enough soap to give a lather

Scrubs all parts of hands including front, back, thumbs, nail beds,

between fingers and wrists

Holds hands down, but not under water while scrubbing and adds more water if lather is not sufficient

Scrubs for a minimum of ten seconds

Lowers hands under running water and allows water to flow from wrists

to fingers

Dries hands on paper towel

Uses paper towel to turn taps off

Comments: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ Signature: ___________________________ Date: _______________________________


Employer validation checklist: PROC 180 – General Laboratory Practice



PROC 180 Date: _______________________________

General Laboratory Practice Completion date: __________________



employment experience in a laboratory may constitute sufficient application of critical laboratory skills to meet the learning outcomes for General Laboratory Practice.

Below is a list of learning outcomes the candidate is required to achieve in completing PROC 180 (General

Laboratory Practice). For each step in the competencies please rate the candidate’s performance by

placing a √ in the appropriate descriptor column (1, 2, 3, 4, none). For this validation if a parameter has not been performed by the candidate or is not a task that is performed at your laboratory, please place a

√ in the “none” column and provide a comment in the space provided at the end of this document.

Please validate each of the learning outcomes for PROC 180








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1. Demonstrate proper use of standard laboratory equipment.

Demonstrate the use and care of standard laboratory glassware/plastic ware

Demonstrate the use, selection and measurement for

glass and semi-automated pipettes

Demonstrate the use of common thermal equipment

Demonstrate the use of a centrifuge

Demonstrate the use of a balance

Demonstrate the use of a pH meter

2. Perform calculations necessary for reagent preparation and dilution.



4: Exceeds the completion of work in an organized fashion within acceptable time frames, and displays the ability to apply concepts

at an advanced level.





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2

1

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Perform unit of measurement conversion

Perform calculations involving dilutions

Perform calculations for percent solutions

Perform calculations for molar solutions

Perform calculation for hygroscopic chemicals

Perform calculations for concentrated liquids using specific gravity

Perform calculations using parts per million

3. Perform laboratory practices in a safe manner.

Demonstrate safe work practices by:

o identifying legislation, practices and assessment for laboratory safety

o describing the biological, chemical and physical hazards of a laboratory

o describing the ergonomics, psychological hazards

and reproductive risks of a laboratory

o describing air quality, first aid and equipment safety in a laboratory

4. Prepare reagents and standards for use in the clinical laboratory.

5. Demonstrate application of bright field microscopy.

Demonstrate application and correct use of a brightfield microscope


Comments: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________ Signature: ___________________________ Date: _______________________________


Employer validation checklist: PROC 181 – Specimen Collection & Handling

Combined Laboratory Student name:

& X-Ray Technology Student ID:

PROC 181 Date:

Specimen Collection & Handling Completion date:

Note to validator: PLAR can be used to formally recognize learning that has already taken place. In the Medical Diagnostic programs at Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus it is felt that recent

employment experience may constitute sufficient application of critical skills to meet the learning outcomes for Specimen Collection & Handling.

Below is a list of learning outcomes the candidate is required to achieve in completing PROC 181

(Specimen Collection & Handling). For each step in the learning outcomes please rate the candidate’s

performance by placing a in the appropriate descriptor column (1, 2, 3, 4, none). For this validation if

a parameter has not been performed by the candidate or is not a task that is performed at your

laboratory, please place a in the “none” column and provide a comment in the space provided at the

end of this document.

The candidate must have performed a minimum of 50 venipuncture collections within the last year in order to PLAR this course (PROC 181)*

Please verify the candidate has performed a minimum of 50 venipuncture collections within the last year:

If yes, continue with employer validation checklist

If no, return form to candidate indicating in the comment section that this criteria was not met

Yes or No

PROC 181 – Specimen Collection & Handling 4: Exceeds the completion of work in an organized fashion within acceptable time frames,

and displays the ability to apply concepts at an advanced level. 3: Consistently completes routine work in an organized fashion within acceptable time

frames, and displays a good understanding of basic concepts. 2: Slow and/or disorganized and displays a lack of understanding in some basic concepts. 1: Consistently fails to complete routine work, disorganized and displays difficulty


3

2

1

No

ne

1. Collect blood samples by venipuncture.

The candidate shall perform venipuncture collections to the following standards:

Pre-procedural:

o Identifies self by name

o Requests patient consent

o Asks for spelling of last name, date of birth & checks inpatient wristband






3

2

1

No

ne

o Explains each procedure to the patient (e.g. tourniquet, alcohol,

puncture, etc.)

Tourniquet:

o Is applied in proper place and tightened appropriately

o Application does not exceed 1 minute

o Is removed before needle removal

Demonstrates aseptic techniques by:

o Cleansing site in concentric circles

o Cleansing palpating finger

o Allowing alcohol to air dry without drying with gauze/cotton

Anchors vein appropriately

Vacutainer holder is held appropriately, firmly and is stable during insertion

and removal of tubes

Needle insertion

o Bevel facing up

o Smooth quick insertion

o Needle angle and depth are correct

o Needle adjustments are made appropriately

Chooses appropriate tubes and follows correct order of draw

Obtains all specimens successfully

o Fills all tubes to appropriate level

o Ensures specimens are fully and appropriately mixed

Needle removal

o Tube is removed prior to needle removal

o Dry cotton is placed on puncture site, needle is withdrawn and

appropriate pressure is applied

Labels specimen in front of patient

Demonstrates patient care techniques

o Releases fist once blood flow is established

o Ensures puncture site has stopped bleeding

o Asks patient if they want a Band Aid (if applicable)

o Responds appropriately to adverse patient reactions

o Thanks patient






3

2

1

No

ne

Ensures collection time, date and phlebotomist initials are recorded

Demonstrates safe work practices

o Utilizes personal protective equipment

o Applies standard precautions

o Safety engineered device (SED) is applied immediately using a one-handed technique

o All sharps are discarded immediately in a sharps container utilizing

multi-sample holder appropriately

o Tube tops are bleached

o Performs all steps required for phlebotomy safely and independently

Transport of specimens

o Prepares and transports all specimens to analysis area according to

laboratory protocol

Identifies errors in procurement

o Identifies and reports errors in specimen procurement

o Identifies corrective action for procurement errors

Meets the legal and ethical requirements of practice and protects the patient’s right to the established level of care

Demonstrates effective interpersonal communication skills with patients,

co-workers and other health professionals in the workplace

Conducts professional practice according to established protocols, safety

guidelines and existing legislation

Interacts in a professional and competent manner, using effective listening, verbal and written communication in dealing with laboratory colleagues,

patients, students, clients, and other health professionals

2. Collect blood samples by capillary puncture.

The candidate shall perform a capillary collection to the following standards:

Pre-procedural:

o Identifies self by name

o Requests patient consent

o Asks for spelling of last name, date of birth & checks inpatient wristband

o Explains each procedure to the patient (e.g. tourniquet, alcohol, puncture, etc.)

Demonstrates aseptic techniques by:

o Cleansing site in concentric circles

o Allowing alcohol to air dry without drying with gauze/cotton

Performs an appropriate capillary puncture by:






3

2

1

No

ne

o Choosing an appropriate capillary site

o Placing lancet across the fingerprint/footprint

o Puncture site allows free falling drops to form

Obtains all specimens successfully

o Utilizes appropriate “squeeze” technique

o Fills all tubes to appropriate level

o Ensures specimens are fully and appropriately mixed (no clots

detected)

Labels specimen in front of patient

Demonstrates patient care techniques:

o Ensures puncture site has stopped bleeding

o Asks patient if they want a Band-Aid (if applicable)

o Responds appropriately to adverse patient reactions

o Thanks patient

Ensures collection time, date and phlebotomist initials are recorded and

marks the requisition as a capillary collection

Demonstrates safe work practices

o Utilizes personal protective equipment

o Applies standard precautions

o All sharps are discarded immediately in a sharps container

o Disinfects all blood droplets

o Performs all steps required for phlebotomy safely and independently

Transport of specimens

o Prepares and transports all specimens to analysis area according to

laboratory protocol

Identifies errors in procurement

o Identifies and reports errors in specimen procurement

o Identifies corrective action for procurement error

Meets the legal and ethical requirements of practice and protects the patient’s right to the established level of care

Demonstrates effective interpersonal communication skills with patients,

co-workers and other health professionals in the workplace

Conducts professional practice according to established protocols, safety

guidelines and existing legislation






3

2

1

No

ne

Interacts in a professional and competent manner, using effective listening,

verbal and written communication in dealing with laboratory colleagues, patients, students, clients, and other health professionals

3. Demonstrate knowledge of the procedures for collecting and handling laboratory specimens other than blood to include:

The collection and handling of urine for common laboratory analyses

The collection and handling of feces for common laboratory analyses

The collection and handling of sputum for common laboratory analyses

The collection and handling of seminal fluid specimens for common

laboratory analyses

The handling of laboratory specimens typically collected by medical/nursing

staff

4. Manage the receipt, distribution and storage of laboratory specimens.

The candidate shall demonstrate knowledge of the receipt, distribution and storage of laboratory specimens by:

Describing the process for requesting laboratory tests

Accessioning laboratory specimens

Separating plasma and/or serum from blood samples

Assessing specimen suitability and priority

Describing the procedure for unsuitable specimens

Discussing distribution of specimens to the appropriate laboratory sections

Describing proper storage and disposal of laboratory specimens

Determining specimen requirements for uncommon laboratory tests

5. Describe the transportation of laboratory specimens.

Demonstrate knowledge of current legislation concerning transportation of

biological specimens

(If candidate is able to provide copies of TDG certification and WHIMS training

they have met the criteria for learning outcome 5.)

Employer validation checklist: CLIN 198 – Clinical ECG

Combined Laboratory Student name:

& X-Ray Technology Student ID:

CLIN 198 Date:

Clinical ECG Completion date: __________________



employment experience may constitute sufficient application of critical skills to meet the learning outcomes for Clinical ECG.

Below is a list of learning outcomes the candidate is required to achieve in completing CLIN 198 (Clinical

ECG). For each step in the learning outcomes please rate the candidate’s performance by placing a √ in

the appropriate descriptor column (1, 2, 3, 4, none). For this validation if a parameter has not been performed by the candidate or is not a task that is performed at your laboratory, please place a √ in the

“none” column and provide a comment in the space provided at the end of this document.

Please validate each of the learning outcomes as well as the Professionalism Rubric for

CLIN 198 then sign below and include with the employment validation form.







3

2

1

No

ne

1. Manage the testing and reporting of ECG’s.


Receives (electrocardiogram) ECG request by:

o ensuring relevant information is present

o assessing priority and taking appropriate action

Demonstrates use of common programmable features available such as standardization adjustments, lead

selection, paper speed and memory and data storage

Ensures ECG equipment is operational and adequate supplies

are available








3

2

1

No

ne

Confirms identity of patient using wristband and patient self-identification

Demonstrates proper techniques for positioning and

transferring patients

o supine, head not more than 15° elevation (normal position)

o labeling ECG when normal position is unattainable

Explains procedure including obtaining agreement from patient and states procedure should patient refuse

Records a clinically acceptable ECG

Identifies normal sinus rhythm (where applicable)

Identifies technical errors and/or artifacts and demonstrates elimination methods

Identifies and describes ECG criteria associated with acute abnormal such as lethal tachyarrhythmias, ischemia, injury and infarction

Recognizes the presentation and symptoms associated with acute abnormals

Recognizes and describes procedures used in medical

emergencies such as:

o alerting nurse or physician immediately

o using comparison ECG tracings where possible

o assisting where applicable

Labels ECG and distributes copies where applicable including electronically or manually archiving all recorded data

Cleans and maintains all equipment including reporting

malfunctions or breakage as per laboratory policy

2. Identify need for adjustments to routine ECG procedure due to patient age or condition.


Demonstrates ability to care for special needs patients such as:








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2

1

No

ne

o burns

o geriatric

o psychiatric

o trauma

o respiratory distress

o mastectomy and breast implants

o oncology

o pediatric

Identifies the need for additional leads including:

o V4R, V5R, V6R

o V7, V8, V9

o V4R, V8, V9

Identifies the need for additional rhythm strips due to:

o irregular heart rates

o brady arrhythmias and heart blocks

o tachyarrhythmias (50 mm/second and 2 STD)

o multifocal premature complexes

o identification of insignificant Q waves (ll, lll and aVF)

Identifies pacemaker function to include:

o atrial and ventricular complexes

o capture and non-capture

Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition Combined Labora to ry and X -Ray Technology

Comments: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ Signature: _______________________________ Date: _______________________________


Professionalism Rubric

Candidate: _____________________________________________ Date: _______________________

Scoring For each skill below: 1 – Skill is consistently demonstrated 0.5 point – Skill is usually demonstrated 0 – Skill is rarely demonstrated

Category Skill 1 Skill 2 Skill 3 Skill 4 Score

1.0. Demonstrates communication skills.

1.1. Reads and comprehends information presented in a variety of forms. (e.g. reads requisitions)

/1

1.2. Follows directions (oral and written).

/1

1.3. Asks relevant questions.

/1

1.4. Writes and speaks so others comprehend. (e.g. provides clear instructions to patients/colleagues.)

/1 /4 2.0. Demonstrates

organizational skills.

2.1. Locates and gathers information using available resources. (e.g. LIS, RIS, PACS, procedure manuals, history records, technology, reference books, patient.)

/1

2.2. Organizes materials and documents. Maintains a clean, organized workspace.

/1

2.3. Demonstrates effective time management.

/1

2.4. Demonstrates ability to multi-task.


professional behaviours.

3.1. Demonstrates empathy and respect for patients and/or patient information.

/1

3.2. Acts with honesty and integrity.

/1

3.3. Upholds health region’s confidentiality policy.

/1

3.4. Takes responsibility for one’s actions.

/1 /4

4.0. Demonstrates positive behaviours.

4.1. Complies with Medical Diagnostics Department attendance regulations.

/1

4.2. Complies with Medical Diagnostics dress code.

/1

4.3. Displays interest and effort towards learning new skills.

/1

4.4. Conducts self in a confident positive manner.


initiative and adaptability.

5.1. Takes initiative and pursues procedures or extra tasks.

/1

5.2. Takes responsibility for learning.

/1

5.3. Requests and responds professionally to feedback received.

/1

5.4. Demonstrates ability to problem solve.

/1 /4

6.0. Demonstrates safe work practices.

6.1. Utilizes personal protective equipment.

/1

6.2. Incorporates all steps required for a safe and successful outcome.

/1

6.3. Performs tasks within scope of practice.

/1

6.4. Applies infection control and/or safety measures.

/1 /4

7.0. Demonstrates teamwork.

7.1. Works cooperatively within the health care system.

/1

7.2. Respects the contributions and concerns of preceptors, facilitators and other health care professionals.

/1

7.3. Respects the diversity and differences of others.

/1

7.4. Collaborates and shares ideas with team members.

/1 /4

Total /28

Copyright © Saskatchewan Polytechnic Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition Combined Labora to ry and X -Ray Technology

Instructions for Completion:

The Professionalism Rubric evaluates professional skills required to be successful in the workplace and is based on Employability Skills identified by the Conference Board of Canada.

Each Category is marked out of a total of 4 points.

Pass mark for the Rubric is 60%.

Each Skill within the category will be scored 1 if skill is consistently demonstrated, 0.5 if skill is usually demonstrated or 0 if skill is rarely demonstrated. Definitions: Consistently- reliably, unfailingly, constantly;

Usually- typically, frequently, ordinarily; Rarely- seldom, infrequently

A comment is required when a rating of zero is recorded.

Record the date the rubric was reviewed with Learner.

Additional Comments:

Assessor name & contact information (print) Signature

Date:

© SaskPolytech March 2015


Appendix C -- INFC 180 – PPE Student Agreement Biohazard

Medical Diagnostics Department Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Student Agreement

Biohazard I, , 1. Agree to follow PPE usage as outlined in INFC 180 course manual, Learning Outcome 5. 2. I have reviewed the PPE video posted by the Medical Diagnostics Department. I will comply with the PPE requirements taught in the Medical Diagnostic programs and as required by my clinical site. Date: Student signature: Date: MDD Faculty signature:

*Resources: Infection Control and Safety course manual Learning Outcome 5 November 2014


Appendix D – Exam Proctor form

Challenge exam: Proctor form – Prior Learning Assessment

If you wish to write a challenge exam off-campus, please return this completed form to your Saskatchewan Polytechnic program. Request this at Step 4 – Action Plan of the PLAR process.

Upon approval of the program head, the details and resources for the exam will be supplied to the exam proctor. You can write the exam under secure conditions when it is convenient to both of you. Program head

Combined Laboratory and X-Ray program

Saskatchewan Polytechnic Saskatoon Campus

PO Box 1520

Saskatoon, SK S7K 3R5

The exam proctor/supervisor should be a professional

(teacher, RCMP, RN, secretary, clergy, etc.) and must be a non-relative.

Exam proctor/supervisor

Name: __________________________________________________________________

Occupation: ______________________________________________________________

Place of employment: ______________________________________________________

Address: ________________________________________________________________

Postal Code: _____________________________________________________________

Business phone: _________________________ Home phone: _______________

Email address: ____________________________________________________________

Student’s name: (please print) ______________________________________________

List course(s) _____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________ Signature: ___________________________


Appendix E – Cover page

Evidence file for: ____________________________________________ (course code and name)

Name:

Address:

Residence phone:

Business phone:

City/town:

Province, Postal Code:

Saskatchewan Polytechnic candidate #:

Email address:

I attest that the enclosed evidence are correct and have been compiled by

myself. I attest that I am the person named in this application and the evidence unless otherwise signified.

Signature: _______________________

PLAR Candidate Guide - Saskatchewan Polytechnic · Combined Laboratory and X-Ray Technology courses...

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