PLANTS. Evolution of Plants Monocots and Dicots.
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Transcript of PLANTS. Evolution of Plants Monocots and Dicots.
![Page 1: PLANTS. Evolution of Plants Monocots and Dicots.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ef15503460f94c03000/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PLANTS
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Evolution of Plants
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Monocots and Dicots
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The Plant Body
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Plant Tissue Systems
• Dermal– Cuticle– Guard Cells
• Vascular– Xylem
• Tracheids• Vessel elements
– Phloem• Sieve-tube members• Companion cells
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Plant Tissue Systems
• Ground –Parenchyma–Collenchyma–Sclerenchyma
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Ground Tissue
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Plant Growth
• Apical meristems–Primary growth
• Lateral meristems– Secondary growth
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Root Structure
• Epidermis– Root hairs
• Cortex• Endodermis– Casparian strip• Suberin
• Vascular cylinder– Pericycle– Xylem,phloem, pith
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Primary Root Growth
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Primary Stem Structure
• Epidermis– Cutin
• Cortex• Vascular cylinder– Xylem, phloem, pith– Vascular cambium
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Secondary Stem Structure
• Vascular cambium– Secondary xylem– Secondary phloem
• Cork cambium– Periderm
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Leaf Structure
• Epidermis– Cuticle– Cutin
• Palisade • Spongy• Guard cells– Stomata
• Vascular bundles
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Transport in Plants
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Transport in Plants
• Osmosis– Root pressure
• Capillary action– Adhesion– Cohesion
• Water potential
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Lateral Transport
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Xylem Sap Transport• Root pressure– Guttation
• Transpirational pull• Adhesion / Cohesion
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Control of Transpiration
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Pressure Flow Model
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Photoperiodism• Circadian rhythm• Flowering plants– Phytochrome, Florigen
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Plant Tropisms
• Gravitropism• Phototropism• Thigmotropism• Peter Boysen-Jensen– Coleoptile
• F.W. Went– Auxin