Plant vs. Animal Cell

Plant Cell Cell wall

Large central vacuolePlastids

Animal CellsCentrioles

Both: Nucleus, Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi

apparatus, vesicles, cytoskeleton

Cell Wall• Structure: rigid layer of carbohydrates (cellulose) outside cell

membrane

• Function: support and protection

Central Vacuole• Structure: Large, fluid-filled organelle

• Function: • Stores water, enzymes, metabolic wastes, and other materials• Allows plant to stand upright

• Can make up 90% of the plant cell’s volume

Plastids• Structure• Double membrane• Contain DNA

• Types of plastids:1. Chloroplast2. Chromoplast3. Amyloplasts

What does this sound like?

Chloroplast• Structure:• Contains thylakoids (flattened, membranous sacs)• Thylakoids contain chlorophyll (molecule that absorbs light

energy for the cell)

• Function: Use light energy to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water = photosynthesis

Evolution of Plastids and Mitochondria = Endosymbiosis