Planning Functions & Pples of MgmtStudyNote6QUIZ II

8/8/2019 Planning Functions & Pples of MgmtStudyNote6QUIZ II

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Chapter 5: Management Of

Relationship: Part IIT Venkataramanan

FICWA. FCS

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Functions and Principles of

management

Luther Gullick gave the key word,

posdcorb

P Planning o-organising S-staffing d-directing

C- control co- coordination

R- reporting B- budgetting

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Planning

Planning is the beginning of the process of management.It

is an intellectual process. think before acting

Deciding in advance what is to be done

What is to do? When is it to be done? Who is to do it ? How is it to done?

All involve decisions. Thus decision making is part &

parcel of planning . Planning is also called anticipatory

decision making It is a continuous process . The planner must essentially

follow the principle of NAVIGATIONAL change

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Features of planning

1) primary function 2)goal oriented

3)continuous & all pervasive

4) intellectual process 5)involving selection of alternatives

6) basic for control

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Principles of planning

There are 4 principles. They are :

1)Topdown approach

2)Bottom up approach 3) composite approach

4)Team approach

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Planning

It bridges the gap From where we are to where we

want to go . It makes it possible for things to

occur which would otherwise may not happen.

Planning has been defined as anticipatory decisionmaking?

The basic steps in planning are 1) identify the

problem. 2)establish the objective 3)develop

premises 4)Evaluate alternative courses of action

5)select a course. Implement -review

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Types of plans

Strategic planning : Long term done at

higher levels to take advantage of

opportunities and threats. Tactical planning: short term, lower levels

manipulating day today activities to

overcome problems and take advantage of

minor changes in production plans or

market demand

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The planning process

Vision

Dreaming/creative

Set goals

Break theminto

objectives

Mission/actionoriented/intensity

with which we workfor the goals

plan/strategies

tactics

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Hierarchy of plans

Objectives

strategies

Non repetitiveactivities/single

plan

Projects budgets

Repetitive

Activities/standingplans

Procedures andrules/guideline

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Characteristics of objectives

Multiplicity

Tangible or intangible

Prioritized

Arranged in order

Sometimes objectives clash, they are required to

be coordinated and balanced

Important aspects to be considered are:

Keep it simple ,achievable , legal , and valid.

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strategies

Environmental appraisal and corporate appraisals precede

strategy formulation.

They are known as SWOT ANALYSIS.

Analysis of strength and weakness of organizations andopportunities and threats in environment.

Exploit the strength and eradicate weaknesses

The formulation of strategy is like participating in

a beauty contest in which a lady covers up herweak points and projects her strong points .

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Techniques of planning

Budgeting

Pert, CPM ,

Long range planning Corporate planning

Operational /tactical planning

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Types of plans

Single use plans : Non repettitive

Tactical planning: short term, lower levels

manipulating day today activities toovercome problems and take advantage of

minor changes in production plans or

market demand

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State whether the following are true or

false

i)budgets are standing plans

ii)policy is a single use plan

iii) Tactical is long term & uncertain

iv)strategic planning is done at lower levels

V) outside in mode of strategy formulation is

reactive & timid. ( adaptive )

Vi)inside out mode, believes that the greatestconstraint on cos performance is its own mind set

15Ans 1)F 2)F 3)F 4)F 5) T 6) T


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Decision making.

Is a key part of managers activities.

It is a choice between two or more alternatives

It implies 3 things a) purpose/problem

b)alternatives c)choice

A decision represents a judgement , a final

resolution of conflict of needs , means , or goals

and a commitment made to action , in the face ofuncertainty, complexity and even irrationality.

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Types of decisions

Programmed & non programmed

Major & minor

Routine & strategic Group decision making

Group participation

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Rationality in decision making

models of decision making behavior

The economic man (perfectly rational)best

alternative

The administrative man (boundedrationality model) of Herbert Simon not the

best but satisfactory

Social man model subject to group pressure

, is likely to take wrong decisions

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1. Luther Gullick has given the keyword which covers the functions ofPOSDCORB

management.

2. The function of Management as identified by Luther Gullick are: Planning,

Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Controlling, Reporting and budgeting.

3. The sub functions of Planning are: Forecasting, Policy making,

Scheduling,Programming,Strategy formulation, Budgeting

Decision making

& Problem solving

4. The sub functions of Organizing are: Departmentalization, Decentralization

and Allocation.Activity analysis,

Delegation

5. The sub functions of Staffing are: Man power planning, Recruiting,

Selection, training & placement,

Compensation,

Promotion and Appraisal.

6. The sub functions of Directing are: Supervision, Communication, Activating

leadership etc.7. The sub functions of Controlling are: Budgeting, Fixating of Standards, Record

performance, and Correct.ReviewReport,

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Authority is defined by Simon as: the power to make decisions which guide the

action of others.

There are several sources of power. John French & Bertran Ravern have identified

5 sources. They are: Reward Power, Coercive, Expertise, Referent (Charismatic),

Legitimate.

According to M E Hurley: Responsibility is the duty to which a person is bound by

reasons of his status or task.

Delegation of authority is: The process a manager follows in the workto him so that he performs that part which only, he because of his

placement can perform effectively and so that he can get

dividingassigned

unique organizational

help with what remains.

According to Davis, Leadership is the Human factor which binds a group togetherand

motivates it towards goals. Michigan studies identified two types of leadership styles. They are:

Person Centered work oriented.and

There are three formal groups of Leadership. They are:

and

Autocratic Democratic

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Leaders should motivate employees by following pride system where P, R, I, D, E

stands for: Positive working environment, Recognition, Involvement,

Developing potential, & Evaluating performance periodically.

Leaders credibility should be based on six criteria also known as Six Cs. They are:

Character, Conviction, Courage, CompetenceCare & Composure.

According to Henry Fayol, Authority means the ability to give and the

to exact obedience.Power

orders

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Types of planning

There are number of plans

1)Strategic

2)Bottom up approach 3) composite approach

4)Team approach

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True Or False

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Delegation is the ability to get results through others True

Centralization ofA

uthority is undesirable. False Leadership is a political function. False

Autocratic leadership suits some situations. True

The Authority of a manager has nothing to do with his position. False

organizations are multi agent system

Organizations are purposeless entities

True

False

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match the following

1.bureaucratic theory a)F.W.Taylor

2.contingency theory b)Maslow

3.Administrative management c)Weber

4.Scientific management d)Extension of systems theory

5.Hierarchy of needs e)Henry fayol

6)Hygiene theory f)Mcgregor

7)X & Y theory g)Hertzberg

8)Extroversion h)Broad minded

9)Agreealeness i)Outgoing

10)conscientiousness j)good natured

11)Openness k)Secured , Unworried

12)Emotional stability l)dependable , Responsible

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match the following - II

Development of Mgt.Thought1.Innovation&representation a)MARRY PARKER FOLLET

2.Characteristic 0f profession theory b)HENRY MINTZBERG

3.management is the art of getting

things done

c)EFL.BRECH

4.Roles of manager d)McFARLAND

5.Management a generic term e)EARNEST DALE

6)14 PPLES OF MGT. f)Max weber

7)Time & motion study g)Elton mayo

8)Hawthorne expts. h)F.W. Taylor

9)Bureaucracy i)Henry Fayol

10)Systems approach j)Koontz & donnell

11)Universal approach k)Herbert simon

12)Trusteeship l)Mahatma gandhi26


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THANK YOU

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Planning Functions & Pples of MgmtStudyNote6QUIZ II

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