Planar wireless charging technology for portable electronic devices and Qi

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Planar Wireless Charging Technology For Portable Electronic Products And Qi ROBIN MARY MATHEW EE7 1

Transcript of Planar wireless charging technology for portable electronic devices and Qi

Page 1: Planar wireless charging technology for portable electronic devices and Qi

Planar Wireless Charging

Technology For Portable

Electronic Products And QiROBIN MARY MATHEW

EE7

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Page 2: Planar wireless charging technology for portable electronic devices and Qi

What is WPT?

•The transmission of energy from a

power source to an electric load

without using wires

•Wireless transmission is useful in

cases where interconnecting wires are

inconvenient, hazardous or

impossible.2

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WIRELESS CHARGING

Non-Radiative Wireless

Charging

2 types:-

1)Capacitive charging

2)Inductive charging

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INDUCTIVE CHARGING v/s CAPACITIVE WIRELESS CHARGING

CAPACITIVE CHARGING

•Capacitive Coupling requires larger

coupling area, unless high operating

frequency in the MHz range is used

DISADVANTAGES

•Smaller power density

•Lack of flexibility to load locations

ADVANTAGES

•Energy can be transmitted through metal5

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INDUCTIVE CHARGING

Inductive approach is dominant

Primary and secondary coils are not

connected with wires.

Energy transfer is due to Mutual

Induction

The charging pad (primary coil) and the

device(secondary coil) have to be kept

very near to each other

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DISADVANTAGES

•Inductive charging induce eddy current

in metal

REMEDY

•Thin double layer EM shields

underneath the inductive charging pad

and above the receiving coil-enables

magnetic flux to be enclosed in a

sandwich structure

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Technology Range DirectivityAntenna

devices

Current and/or possible

future applications

Inductive

couplingShort Low Wire coils

Electric tooth brush ,

razor battery

charging, Charging

portable devices (Qi),

biomedical implants,

electric vehicles,

powering busses,

MAGLEV

Capacitive

couplingShort Low Electrodes

power routing in

large scale integrated

circuits.

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Inductive Charging

• Horizontal Flux Approach

• Vertical Flux Approach

• Can be implemented in Planar structures9

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Horizontal Flux Approach

• In horizontal coupling, the lines of flux flow

horizontally along the charging surface on

which the loads are placed.

• To pick up the flux, a vertical surface area

perpendicular to the lines of flux is needed.

• It imposes restrictions on the orientation of

the receiver module.10

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•If the plane of vertical surface is in the

direction of lines of flux, no energy can

be transmitted.

REMEDY: having a second set of

winding perpendicular to first set of

winding.

•However, the vertical surface

requirement does not fit well with slim

design.

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DISADVANTAGES

• Requires a relative thick layer of

ferromagnetic material underneath the

charging pad to guide the magnetic flux.

• Otherwise, the flux may induce eddy

current and heat up metallic objects under

the pad.

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Vertical Flux Approach The lines of flux are perpendicular to

the charging surface.

A wireless charging surface with free-

positioning feature can be formed by

extending a single planar winding into

a winding array structure.

Winding Array Structure-

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• 3-layer winding array structure can be

used to generate a uniform M-flux over

the charging surface

• M-flux flows out of the charging

surface like a water fountain

• Receiver coil can be placed anywhere

on the charging surface and pick up the

energy regardless of its position and

orientation

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Properties Of Vertical Flux Approach

FREE POSITIONING

METHODS• Allows the user to place and charge one or

more devices anywhere on the charging

surface regardless of the position and

orientation of the load.

• Different for single load systems and

multiple load systems.Single Loaded System-

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single-load systems

A movable transmitter coil

is placed underneath the

charging surface.

With a mechanism to detect

the location of the secondary

coil, the charging station will

move a transmitter coil in the

X-Y plane directly under the

receiver coil.

Maximum mutual coupling

is obtained.16

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multiple-load systems,

• The multilayer winding

array structure can be

used to generate

uniform magnetic flux

over the charging

surface.

• Thus multiple loads can

be placed and charged

on the charging surface

simultaneously.

• LOCALISED

CHARGING 17

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LOCALISED CHARGING PRINCIPLE

• Instead of generating magnetic flux over the

entire charging surface, only the

appropriate transmitter coils should be

energized for both single or multiple-load

situations.

• detection techniques for identifying the load

positions.

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Objective of localized charging principle-

ensure-magnetic flux path is ‘sandwiched’

within the covered area of transmitter and

receiver coil- essential to safety issues.

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BIDIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATIONS

Load Identification and Position

Charging Compatibility Check

Load Monitoring

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A Photograph Of A Wireless Charging

Pad -With A Variety Of Compatible And

Non-compatible Items

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Charging Methods In “Qi” Standard

WPC launched- ‘Qi” standard- in October 2010

Features:-

• Inductive wireless charging

• Vertical-flux approach

• Guided or free positioning

• Localized charging

• Communications between loads and charging pad

• Load identification and compatibility 22

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APPLICATIONS OF QI

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Powermat inductive

charging spots in a

coffee shop. Customers

can set their phones on

them to recharge. 24

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ADVANTAGES OF WIRELESS CHARGINGConvenience

Durability - Without the need to constantly plug

and unplug the device, there is significantly less

wear and tear on the socket of the device and the

attaching cable

.

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• No more worn connectors

• Use of separate chargers is

eliminated.

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DISADVANTAGES OF WIRELESS CHARGING

• Uncommon

• Lower efficiency, waste heat - resistive

heating in comparison to direct contact.

• Slower charging

• More costly -increasing the complexity and

cost of manufacturing.

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CONCLUSION

• Planar wireless charging systems can

be incorporated into office

environment, coffee and bedside tables,

and bathroom and kitchen desktops

• powering a wide range of electric

appliances from low-power devices to

high-power devices.

• And more wireless power systems and

products are expected to enter the

consumer market in the near future. 28

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REFERENCES A Novel Single-Layer Winding Array and Receiver Coil Structure for Contactless Battery Charging

Systems With Free-Positioning and Localized Charging Features

W. X. Zhong, Xun Liu, Member, IEEE, and S. Y. Ron Hui, Fellow, IEEE

Design of a Contactless Battery Charger for Cellular Phone

Chang-Gyun Kim, Student Member, IEEE, Dong-Hyun Seo, Jung-Sik You, Jong-Hu Park, and Bo H. Cho, Senior Member, IEEE

A Contactless Electrical Energy Transmission System for Portable-Telephone Battery Chargers

Yungtaek Jang, Senior Member, IEEE, and Milan M. Jovanovic, Fellow, IEEE

A Loosely Coupled Planar Wireless Power System for Multiple Receivers

Joaquin J. Casanova, Student Member, IEEE, Zhen Ning Low,Student Member, IEEE, and Jenshan Lin, Senior Member, IEEE

A New Generation of Universal Contactless Battery Charging Platform for Portable Consumer Electronic Equipment

S. Y. R. Hui, Fellow, IEEE, and Wing. W. C. Ho, Member, IEEE

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ARE YOU STILL CONNECTED?!

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