Chemical Engineering Drawing13/14 Semester 1

Instructor: Rama OktavianEmail: rama.oktavian@ub.ac.idOffice Hr.: M.13-15, W. 13-15 Th. 13-15, F. 13-15

Outlines

1. Chemical piping system

2. Piping system symbols

3. Piping instrumentation

4. Pipe drawing

Chemical piping systemThe term piping can refer to any kind of pipe used in a wide range of applications.

Piping is used to transport fluids between storage tanks and processing equipment is called process piping.

Chemical piping systemTypes of Pipe

Steel Pipe: Carbon steel pipe is the preferred above ground pipe used in industry today. It is strong, relatively durable and can be welded and machined.

Copper pipe: and copper alloys are corrosion resistant and have excellent heat transfer properties. Often used in residential water lines, however, plastic pipe is becoming more prevalent in residential water lines.

Plastic Pipe: PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) pipe is used for acids, salt solutions, alcohols, crude oil and other corrosive chemicals. PE (Polyethylene) is used for higher temperatures (up to 105 degrees F) and is suitable for water lines, sprinkler systems etc.

Piping system symbols

Piping system symbols

Piping instrumentationHow to connect pipe??

• Welded – Butt-welded– Socket-welded– Solvent-welded

• Screwed • Flanged• Soldered• Bell and spigot

Piping instrumentationHow to connect pipe??

Welded joints

Piping instrumentationPipe fittingsEnable pipe to change direction and sizeProvide for branches and connectionsTypes

WeldedScrewed

Welded Fittings

Piping instrumentationPipe fittingsScrewed fittings

Piping instrumentationPiping Insulation

Prevent heat loss/ gainPrevent condensation – below ambientPersonnel protection – over 125oFFreeze protection – outdoor cold climatesFire protectionNoise control

Piping instrumentationPiping InsulationFiberglass Insulation w/ Asbestos plastered fitting coverings

Piping instrumentationPiping InsulationMetal Jacketed insulation covering

Piping instrumentationValves• Purpose

– Provide on/off service– Control and regulate fluids– Maintain constant pressure– Prevent pressure buildup– Prevent backflow

Piping instrumentationOn/Off Valves• Gate

– Exclusively provide on/off service– Fluid flows with minimal friction and pressure loss– Used to block flow

Piping instrumentationRegulating Valves• Globe

– Regulates pressure– Used to regulate flow

Piping instrumentationBackflow Valves

Check Valves:Used to prevent

backflowPiston check

Piping instrumentationSafety Valves

Keep pressures at or below a given point

Piping instrumentationBall Valve

Typically used as block valve

Cut-away shows ball and seat

Piping instrumentationButterfly Valve

Can be used for flow control or on/off

Piping instrumentationControl ValveInstantaneous control and adjustment

FlowPressureTemperature

Contains a controller, or actuator

OperationElectric motorAir or hydraulic cylinder

Piping instrumentationValves symbols

Pipe drawings

Double- and Single-Line Drawings

Pipe drawings

Piping Drawings Requirements Pipe length dimensions

Location of fittings and valves

Size and type of valves and fittings

Pipe diameter, contents, and identification number

Pipe drawings

Piping Details

Pipe drawings

Piping Isometric

Pipe drawings

Piping Isometric

Pipe codes

Organizations for Piping CodesASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers, one of the leading organizations in the world developing codes and standardsANSI - American National Standards Institute, provides a forum for development of American national standardsDIN - Deutsches Institut für Normung (Germany)ISO - International Organization for Standardization

Pipe codes

ASME CodesB31.1 – Power Piping

B31.2 – Fuel Gas Piping, WITHDRAWN superseded by ANSI Z223.1B31.3 – Process Piping, (formerly Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping)B31.4 – Liquid Hydrocarbon Transportation Piping (oil cross country pipelines)B31.5 – Refrigeration PipingB31.6 – Chemical Plant Piping, never issued as a separate document, folded into B31.3

Pipe codes

ASME CodesB31.7 – Nuclear Power Piping, WITHDRAWN, superseded by ASME Code, Section III

B31.8 – Gas Transportation Piping (cross country gas pipelines)B31.9 – Building Services Piping (office building hot water heating and air conditioning)B31.10 – Cryogenic Piping, never issued as a separate document, folded into B31.3B31.11 – Slurry Transportation Piping (cross country coal/water slurries)

Pipe codesThe following division of the codes is done on the type of piping

Aboveground codes Buried codes

B31.1 B31.4

B31.3 B31.8

B31.5 B31.11

B31.9