TRACERCO and The TRACERCO Profiler are trademarks of the Johnson Matthey Group of companies.

www.tracerco.com tracercomatthey.com

Pipeline Applications for the Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries

PO Box 1Belasis AvenueBillinghamClevelandTS23 1LBUKTel +44 (0)1642 375500Fax +44 (0)1642 370704

Chattan Mews OfficeSuites 1 & 218 Chattan PlaceAberdeenAB10 6RDUKTel +44 (0)1224 592527Fax +44 (0)1224 212641

1100 Hercules AvenueSuite 200HoustonTexas 77058-2759USATel +1 281 488 0039Fax +1 281 488 1646

Tracerco AsiaTracerco/Dialog Alliance109, Block G,Phileo Damansara 146350 Petaling JayaSelangorMalaysiaTel + 603 79551199Fax + 603 79546953

© 2005 Johnson Matthey GroupXM0145/0/0/JM/903/813

The most accurate andreliable techniques todetermine thecharacteristics of pipeline contents

Contents

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance 2A Service for Flow Assurance

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance 4A Service for Pig Tracking

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Scan 6Non-Intrusive Scans to Determine Pipeline Contents

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ SlugMonitor 8Non-intrusive Slug Characterization Service

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance 10A Service for Pipe-in-Pipe Annulus Integrity Measurement

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance 12A Service for Pipeline Installation Monitoring

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance 14A Service for Pipeline Leak Detection

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ MUI 16A Service to Determine the Presence of Moisture in the Process Industry

TRACERCO™ Density Gauge Measurement in the Process Industry 18

The TRACERCO™ Advantage 20

1

2

Do you require a reliable system to detect the presence of solid

build up or blockage within an operational gas, water or oil flowing

pipeline?

Do you require information regarding the nature of three phase

flow through transfer pipelines?

Using a TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance Service for

Flow Assurance you can assess:

• The presence, location and extent of pipeline solids build up

such as wax, scale or hydrate.

• The position of a stuck pigging tool.

• Gas, water and oil slugging including the slug velocity.

• The flow rate through the pipe accurately.

This technology is applicable to both surface or sub-sea systems.

Features and benefits of the technology include:

• Easily used by ROV or diver.

• No surface preparation to remove marine growth.

• Rapid data collection in seconds.

• Non intrusive measurements with no interference to normal

pipeline operations.

• Adaptable to any pipe size.

• May be used at a sea depth of 10,000 feet.

• 20 years of operational experience has proved the system

very reliable.

• Purpose designed computer software used to generate and

present results.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline AssuranceA Service for Flow Assurance

3

A 12” NGL pipeline was designed to allow a NGL flow rate of 4000

metric tonnes per day. However the 117 km pipeline was running

significantly lower than design limits. The continuous increase in

production of hydrocarbon offshore has lead to a requirement by

the operator to optimise production in the NGL pipeline. In order

to know the condition of the pipeline, an assessment was required

to establish whether the system could be inspected using a MFL

tool. Prior to performing any inspection work, it was necessary to

quantify the amount of debris within the pipeline.

Tracerco was called in to use a TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline

Assurance technique to determine Flow Assurance, for measuring

the velocity of the NGL at numerous points along the line. Given

the NGL flowrate through the pipe, it was possible to calculate the

mean cross sectional area between these points and thus estimate

any restriction within.

A sharp pulse of tracer was injected at the platform. The NGL

flowrate from the platform was recorded at hourly intervals

throughout the course of the survey. The velocity of the tracer

pulse through the line was externally monitored using a sensitive

detector mounted on a ROV.

Figure 1 shows the response from the detector over a 4.5 km

section. From the records of time versus distance, the velocity of the

NGL was calculated. Areas of the pipeline that contained solids

build-up or restrictions would exhibit a higher velocity than areas

with no restrictions. It was possible to compare these measurements

to given flowrate figures and calculate the effective internal diameter

of the pipe. Figure 2 shows the derived (red) and actual (blue)

velocity of the tracer pulse. It is interesting to note that the black line

indicates the depth of the pipeline below the sea level. Clearly the

areas of highest velocity and hence largest debris tend to lie on uphill

pipeline sections. Figure 3 shows the calculated restriction

based upon velocities measured.

Measurement of solid debris within a NGL export line

0.1Distance(KP) from platform

% R

estr

ictio

n (a

djus

ted)

60

50

40

30

20

10

02 4 6 9 13 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 47 51 55 59 67 71 76.5 83.5 102.5

1100 20 40 60 80 100Distance(KP) from platform

Velo

city

(km

/hr)

1.41.31.21.11

0.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.2

10 30 50 70 90 120

pipeline depth measured velocity delivered velocity

adjusted by normalising factor

16050 70 90 110 130 150Time (minutes)

Radi

atio

n in

tens

ity

250000

200000

150000

100000

50000

060 80 100 120 140 170 180 190 200

Time of flight between pulse centroids

The smaller responses noted between the main pulses were due to the detection of the pulse during the relocation of the ROV (as the ROV overtook the pulse)

Figure 1 - 12” NGL Pipeline survey

Figure 2 - 12” NGL Pipeline survey

Figure 3 - 12” NGL Pipeline survey

4

Have you ever questioned the reliability of conventional pig

monitoring systems during pipeline operations?

In pigging activities you require:

• 100% confidence in pig location.

• To monitor a range of different types of pigging tool from foam

to intelligent.

• Tracking of different sized pigs from very small (less than 1”)

to very large.

• To detect pig movements in gas or dual walled systems.

• To continuously assess sealing pigs for movement during

pipeline coupling or repair.

• Pig location capability over an extended period of time.

• A system capable of use to 10,000 feet sub-sea.

• To monitor an interface between two immiscible materials

within a pipeline.

In any critical pigging operation the use of the TRACERCO

Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance Pig Tracking Service offers the

most reliable, flexible and accurate system combining single unit

pig signalling, tracking and locating capabilities.

The TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance system for

Pig Tracking allows:

• Confirmation of pig passage past critical pipeline positions.

• Time of pig passage past a specific position.

• If a number of pigs have been used, the number of pigs past a

specific location.

• The location of a stationary pig to +/- 5cms.

• The position monitoring of an isolation tool.

• Limitless time for pig monitoring as the system does not rely on

batteries or any electronic device within the pigging tool.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline AssuranceA Service for Pig Tracking

5

FlaggerA portable diver or ROV operated unit designed to be placed on

top of a pipe and then inspected periodically. On detecting a

labelled pig, a red light is illuminated and remains illuminated until

the unit is reset.

RangerA portable diver or ROV operated unit as above but gives an

analogue display according to the proximity of a labelled pig.

It enables the position of a stationary pig to be determined

accurately; usually to +/- 5cm.

TotaliserA portable diver or ROV operated unit as above but counts to

total number of labelled pigs that have passed a position upon the

pipeline. This is displayed in numerical form up to a total of 99.

InterrogatorA portable diver or ROV operated unit as above but which relates

the detection of the pig or pigs to ‘real time’. The display consists

of both a numerical counter indicating the number of pigs that

have passed the particular location and a time display which

displays the time at which the last pig passed the unit, accurate to

0.01 seconds. This is updated as each pig passes. At the end of

the project the unit is recovered to the platform and an “event”

sheet produced.

RoverThis is a diver or ROV mounted instrument which is powered from

the surface. The unit can carry out FLAGGER, RANGER

or TOTALISER functions as required.

SentryThis unit has the capability of hard wire to the surface or increased

battery capacity to enable it to be deployed on the sea bed for long

periods of time. It is designed to communicate either using cable or

a sonar telemetry system for transmission of data to a platform or

support vessel some distance away. It was developed for monitoring

a remotely positioned isolation tool for movement, although other

project specific functions can be accommodated as required.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline AssurancePig Tracking Range

The use of TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Scan, Pipe Study technology

offers a powerful non-invasive inspection tool to examine the

operation/contents of pipelines across a wide range of process

industries.

The device is highly portable, battery operated and adaptable to a

wide range of pipe diameters, typically in the range of 2-50 inches.

The results are produced on-site and an initial report can be given

by the experienced Tracerco engineers undertaking the survey.

The device has a wide range of application to aid in inspection

and production trouble shooting. These include:

• Deposit surveys in flare and process lines.

• Scale deposits in oil production lines/manifolds.

• Ice/hydrate deposits in gas lines.

• Density determinations.

• Slugging effects.

• Liquid/gas interface detection.

These are only a few examples of the use of this flexible and

accurate measurement tool. All processes are different, we are

available to advise and offer solutions to a variety of process

problems.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Scan Pipe Study

6

One of our customers was experiencing problems with

temperature instruments along a furnace exit header. These

instruments were inspected and found to be working satisfactorily.

As the plant had been on-line for a considerable period of time

since a shutdown, carbon lay down was suspected. Quantifying

the extent of fouling inside the pipe was the challenge set for our

Diagnostics Team.

The above graph represents the results from the examination.

Measurements were taken at various intervals along the header in

both the vertical and horizontal direction. These measurements

allowed the deposit profile inside the line to be determined.

Quantifying the amount of fouling enabled our customer to

determine the best course of action rapidly and cost effectively.

Deposit Build Up in Furnace Header

1

Inch

es o

f dep

osit

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

Vertical Horizontal

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

7

8

Non-intrusive Slug Characterization Service

Throughout the oil and gas industry, slugging can have a

significant impact on the production capacity and therefore

economic viability of hydrocarbon recovery units. That is why

Tracerco has developed the new TRACERCO Diagnostics™

SlugMonitor service.

Utilizing advanced, non-intrusive densitometer measurement

technology, which has been proven in the harshest of conditions,

together with highly-developed software, the TRACERCO

Diagnostics™ SlugMonitor service is the most accurate and

reliable slug characterization service available.

The TRACERCO Diagnostics™ SlugMonitor service is capable of

fully characterizing slugging that is occurring in the process,

providing our customers with key information such as:

• Slug velocity;

• Slug size;

• Time interval between slugs;

• Estimated time of arrival of the slug at specific vessels.

All this data is available both in real time and through a historical

trend facility.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ SlugMonitor

Subsea Well Heads

Receiving Platform

Typical Slug in Riser

9

The TRACERCO Diagnostics™ SlugMonitor service is carried out by

a team of highly experienced Tracerco engineers, providing

immediate analysis to our customers of the raw data gathered. This

on site reporting and analysis capability allows our customers to

optimize their process in a relatively short timeframe. If, after an

initial investigation a more permanent or semi-permanent solution

is required, Tracerco can provide a fixed instrument solution which

can be linked into the production unit SCADA and DCS system.

For more details on the TRACERCO Diagnostics™ SlugMonitor

service or any other Tracerco product or service, please contact us

on the details below.

10

Do you need to determine whether the annulus in your

pipe-in-pipe system is dry and not full of seawater or inner

pipeline contents?

Do you want an easy non-intrusive method of checking this?

Using a TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipe-in-Pipe Annulus Integrity

Measurement you can:

• Determine whether the annulus is dry or flooded.

• Be confident that your pipeline maintains the necessary thermal

protection and is not susceptible to deposits formation.

• Carry out a regular ‘health check’ of your whole pipe-in-pipe

system as part of its periodical maintenance and inspection

programme.

Features and benefits of the technology include:

• Non-intrusive measurement

• ROV or diver operated

• Any pipeline diameter or wall thickness

• Gas or liquid filled pipelines

• Up to 3000 metres water depth

• Two scanning technologies used concurrently for immediate

validated results

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline AssuranceA Service for Pipe-in-Pipe Annulus IntegrityMeasurement

11

A major oil and gas operator was concerned that one of their

installed pipe-in-pipe lines had been breached at specific

locations and seawater had ingressed into the annulus. A

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipe-in-pipe Annulus Integrity

Measurement service was provided to determine whether this

was the case, and confirm whether the annulus was dry or

flooded. Two separate non-intrusive radioisotope scanning

techniques were used, gamma-ray transmission and neutron

backscatter, both operated by ROV to give quick and immediate

measurements of annulus contents.

Photographs and graphical results are shown below:

Calibration measurements were taken to obtain readings for the

two different conditions, and subsequent readings on each of

the suspected problem sections of line were consistent with

annulus empty conditions, conclusively proving that the annulus

in each case had not been compromised and there was no

liquid ingress.

Confirmation of Annulus Integrity in a 1000 metre subsea line

Neutron Backscatter

Gamma-Ray Transmission

12

Are you involved with the laying of pipelines in deepwater?

The continuing drive to tap into ever deeper oil field

developments brings with it a number of new challenges

including oil and gas transfer through sub-sea pipelines.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance technologies are

able to assist during a number of critical activities related to

deepwater pipeline operations.

During deepwater pipeline construction the TRACERCO

Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance technologies can:

• Monitor water levels inside deepwater pipes during pipe laying

operations in order that critical weight limitations are not exceeded

• Detect any water ingress into pipe-in-pipe annulus that would

lead to loss of insulating effectiveness

• Track the location of sealing or de-watering pigging activities

• Measure the effectiveness of de-watering activities after pipe

laying is completed

When Oil and Gas production commences the technologies can:

• Detect the presence, size and velocity of water and gas slugs

either sub-sea or topsides

• Measure the location of any sub-sea blockages such as hydrate

or wax plugs

• Track critical pigging activities

The range of TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance

technologies are all none intrusive, offer the best reliability within

the industry and can very easily be integrated with other sub-sea

equipment for easy deployment such as a pipe laying stinger, work

class ROV or de-watering pig.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline AssuranceA Service for Pipeline Installation Monitoring

13

Tracerco has recently been involved with a large scale pipelaying

project for a major operator in the Gulf of Mexico, providing

Pipeline Installation Monitoring services.

During the laying of the pipeline, which was taking place in

deepwater, the pipeline had exceeded its critical weight and had

been dropped from the barge, consequently the pipeline had

filled with seawater. The recovery stage involved using de-watering

pigs to decrease the lift weight, these pigs were tracked using

acoustic pinger technology. Unfortunately for the pipe installation

contractor the de-watering pigs became stuck and the pingers

failed, meaning that the location of the pig was unknown and

could not be found.

Tracerco were requested to use TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline

Assurance technologies to confirm the location of the stuck pig,

so the Pig Tracking technology was used and pinpointed the stuck

pig to within +/- 5cm. This technology was used again by Tracerco

Services during the next stage of de-watering, so that the location

of the pig was known at all times. Finally, Tracerco were requested

to use the TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance

technology again after the “dry” pipe had been lifted. Using the

Pipeline Installation Monitoring technique, the water level in the

pipeline was continuously monitored to ensure that the water

level didn’t rise too far, which would have caused the critical

weight to have been exceeded again.

The Use of the TRACERCO Diagnostics™Pipeline Assurance techniques during pipelineinstallation within the Gulf of Mexico

14

Detect the location of a leak within a pipeline or anumbilical control system rapidly using TRACERCODiagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance, Leak Detectiontechnology.

In the unfortunate event of failure of either a pipeline or an

umbilical the fast and accurate location of the leak position

minimises lost production time and potential environmental

damage.

Using a TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance Service for

Leak Detection rapidly detects leak location in operational or

pre-commissioned systems.

The features and benefits of the technology include:

• A fast, reliable method for leak detection.

• Either Diver or ROV operated.

• Suitable for Liquid or Gas systems.

• Can identify location and extent of leakage.

• Suitable for any pipeline or umbilical diameter.

• Decrease downtime following leak.

• Decreases environmental effects of leak.

• Reduces repair costs.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ Pipeline AssuranceA Service for Pipeline Leak Detection

15

The technique involves the insertion of a miniature pigging tool

containing a small emitter. The tool is inserted into one end of the

hose which is then reconnected to the pumping system. Whilst the

opposite end of the hose is closed pumping is started. The driving

force behind the pig moves it towards the leak. Once the pig

reaches the leak the driving force diminishes and the pig stops.

In order that we can track the pig during pumping and then

accurately locate it when it reaches the leak position we provide

our sub-sea or surface detector units. These can be diver

operated with a visual sub-sea display or mounted on an ROV.

This service has been fully proven in a number of projects for oil

and gas operators as well as hose manufacturers.

Tracerco was recently requested by a major umbilical cable

company to help them identify the position of leaks occurring

within an umbilical bundle.

To identify the position of the leaks, Tracerco used the TRACERCO

Diagnostics™ Pipeline Assurance techniques, using a miniature pig

tracking tool.

Each of the umbilicals, of which there were four suspected of

leaking, had a diameter of 6mm, therefore only one pigging tool

was required.

All four umbilicals were inspected by inserting the miniature

pigging tool into one end of the umbilical and then tracking fluid

was used to push it along. The progress of the pigging tool was

monitored and when it stopped, the umbilical was inspected, split

(to remove tool) and then repaired. Due to the speed of the

technique all four umbilicals were inspected and repaired within a

full working day.

16

An increasing problem on vessels and pipelines within chemical and

refinery units is the “invisible menace”, more commonly known as

“corrosion under insulation”.

When this occurs, unseen corrosion of the pipe or vessel wall

takes place ultimately leading to either an operational stoppage or

at worse a catastrophic failure of the unit or pipeline, causing

product loss and potential environmental damage. The costs

associated with this can be enormous.

The TRACERCO Diagnostics™ MUI technology offers a hand held

inspection technique to examine the water content of the

insulation. Although the technology does not directly examine the

condition of the metal wall itself, it does give an accurate

indication as to the “wetness” of the insulation indicating where

the conditions for corrosion to occur are most prevalent.

The benefit of doing such a survey is that it gives the client an

early warning of an impending problem.

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ MUI

17

The TRACERCO Diagnostics™ MUI service is carried out by highly

trained and experienced Tracerco field engineers, using portable

inspection equipment. The service has been designed to provide

instantaneous results, allowing our field engineers to identify to

our customers whilst on-site which sections of the insulation

contain moisture and require further pipeline inspection.

European gas pipeline undergoes insulation inspectionusing TRACERCO Diagnostics™ MUIAn example of the successful use of the TRACERCO Diagnostics™

MUI technology is on a gas transportation line in Europe. This line

is over 16km long and suffered a catastrophic failure during the

mid-nineties.

On inspection, the client found that this was due to corrosion

from the outside of the pipeline and that the insulation in this

area was extremely wet. This obviously raised major concerns as

to the condition of the remainder of the line.

Immediately, the TRACERCO Diagnostics™ MUI technology was

used to conduct a detailed examination of the insulation along

the remainder of the pipeline. This initial survey showed significant

areas of wet insulation, which on removal showed that major

“corrosion under insulation” had taken place.

Large sections of the pipeline were replaced (due to corrosion) and

re-insulated after the initial inspection. Since then, Tracerco has

carried out an annual inspection of the pipeline insulation using

TRACERCO Diagnostics™ MUI technology. Although the condition of

the insulation has improved dramatically, Tracerco regularly identifies

areas where the conditions for corrosion are present.

Pipe insulation

18

Tracerco offer a non-intrusive density gauge to ensure reliable

density measurement in your oil and gas production process.

Each system is designed for the particular application including:

• Density of three, two or single phase flow.

• Gas or water slug flow and velocity.

• Measurement of oil in water or water in oil.

• Carry over or under of one phase into another such as liquid in

gas lines.

• Solids build-up.

The TRACERCO™ Density Gauge offers:

• Maintenance free operation due to its simplicity.

• No moving parts eliminating mechanical failure or fouling.

• External fixing for easy retrofit or new build installation.

• “Real time in pipe” measurements.

• High reliability.

• Flameproof for use in zones 1 and 2 Hazardous Areas.

TRACERCO™ Density Gauge Measurement in the Process Industry

Density Gauge

Detector

Emitter

19

TRACERCO™ Density GaugeType PRI 121/116s - ATX

PRI 121 Signal Processor

Power supply 110 or 120 or 220-240 VAC + 10%: 50-60Hz / 24 VA.Range 0 to 10g/ml.Accuracy Depends on the strength of the radiation field at the detector and the selected response time.

A typical example for a 4” pipe with a system time constant of 10 seconds is + 0.004g/cc. This will improve if the pipe diameter and/or the time constant are increased.

Two analogue outputs 4 - 20mA, galvanically isolated. May be individually assigned to Density, Temperature Compensation (normalised) Density or Percent Concentration.

Alarms Three alarm relays which may be individually assigned to measurement levels. One watchdog alarm monitoring computer performance.

Temp. compensating inputs 4 - 20mA, 56Ω input resistance or frequency input.Response time Selectable, FIXED or DYNAMIC 0.1 to 999 seconds.RS232C link Full duplex communications port allowing remote indication and

remote calibration of the signal processor.Environmental ranges 0 to 50°C at 0 to 95% Humidity.

Dimensions

Wall mounting 179(H) x 163(W) x 207(D) excluding 14mm handle protection. Weight = 3.5kg.Panel mounting Aperture size 141(H) x 161(W) Depth behind panel = 200. Weight = 3.0kg.Sub-rack mounting Up to 3 signal processors per 19” sub-rack.

Sub-rack chassis is 482(W) x 133(3U High) x 240.Sub-rack weight empty = 2.3kg.Sub-rack weight full = 7.1kg.

PRI 116 Detector

Operating temp. range -20 to +60°C.Sealing To IP66.Electrical safety Flameproof enclosure certified EEx d IIC T6. Suitable for Zone 1 operationSize 328 x 122 Tubular stainless steel body. 170 square mounting plate. Weight = 18kg.Detector cable Screened or armoured cable, up to 700 metre run. 3-core or 2 twisted pairs.Radioactive source Normally Caesium - 137. The source container chosen depends on source type and strength.

20

Tracerco is an international business, delivering a range of process

diagnostics services, specialist measurement solutions and

sophisticated taggant platforms to the global process industry.

With more than 40 years of experience and over 100 highly

trained and experienced personnel, Tracerco is focussed on

adding value throughout the whole hydrocarbon chain from

reservoir optimisation through to fuel brand protection solutions.

As you’d expect from a global services business, Tracerco has a

number of operational bases and offices across the world, in key

strategic locations. These bases allow Tracerco to deliver its

products and services to our customers anywhere in the world,

whilst still retaining the important aspect of local service, which

our customers demand.

Tracerco is focussed around a number of key business drivers:

• Delivering high quality diagnostic services and specialist

measurement solutions to our customers, on-time, every time;

• Ensuring all of our staff are suitably trained and carry out their

responsibilities in a safe and secure manner;

• Continuously developing and bringing to market, novel, market

driven innovations that enable our customers to operate their

processes more efficiently enabling them to optimise their

production, minimize their costs and maximize their profits.

How to find out more…If you would like further details of working with Tracerco to assist in

your pipeline operations, please contact your local representative.

Our sales professionals and agents will be pleased to show you how

to gain a distinctive competitive edge by working in partnership with

Tracerco. Our structure is flexible. Our approach is open, make us

aware of your needs and we will deliver.

The TRACERCO™ Advantage

The most accurate andreliable techniques todetermine thecharacteristics of pipeline contents

TRACERCO and The TRACERCO Profiler are trademarks of the Johnson Matthey Group of companies.

www.tracerco.com tracercotracerco.com

Pipeline Applications for the Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries

4106 New West DrPasadena,Texas77507USATel 281 291 7769Toll Free 800 288 8970Fax 281 291 7709

Chattan Mews OfficeSuites 1 & 218 Chattan PlaceAberdeenAB10 6RDUKTel +44 (0)1224 592527Fax +44 (0)1224 212641

PO Box 1Belasis AvenueBillinghamCleveland 7TS23 1 LBUBTel +44 (0) 1642 375500Fax +44 (0) 1642 370704

© 2005 Johnson Matthey GroupXM0145/0/0/JM/903/813