1

Pillar 1Training Centre Offerings

Brussels, April 3. & 4., 2012

AFT-IFTIM

What training provision before implementation of Directive 2003/59/EC?

Fran

ce •156 hours compulsory initial training

•Titres professionnels (735 hours, 1050 hours)

Ger

man

y •3-year Apprenticeship

Luxe

mbu

rg •Compulsory initial training for drivers in public transport

Hun

gary •5-day Compulsory

initial training for drivers (distinct curriculum depending on category of drivers, national or international)

Bulg

aria •From 1998 to

2002, one week compulsory training for internationa drivers

2

• According to the responses received, initial training for drivers existed in a few Member States.

• These training, not compulsory to access the profession of driver, are still taught to date and consist primarily of apprenticeships.

• Pre-existence of these training seem to have facilitated the implementation of the Directive in some Member States which was able to benefit of the human resources (trainers), equipment and material (vehicles).

• A few examples:

Professional driver in Europe, many ways to access the profession

Apprenticeship

Austria

Germany

Denmark

Netherlands

Sweden

Qualifications

France

Hungary

Spain

Sweden

UK

Initial Qualification & periodic training Dir. 2003/59/EC

All Members States

• Initial qualification • Compulsory

training + test• Test only

• Periodic training

3

The implementation of Directive 2003/59/EC has generally increased training provision.

• In member States such as France or the Netherlands where the training provision was already well developed, the implementation of the Directive had an impact only on the training capacities that have increased.

• In member States where no vocational training tradition existed, implementation of the Directive 2003/59/EC requiring provision of training has created new training activities, encouraged the emergence of new players in drivers training and also attracted players already in place like driving schools. – Bulgaria: from 17 approved training centres in 2009 to 57 in

2010– Malta : Establishment of drivers training– UK : from 705 periodic training centres in 2009 to 979 in 2010

4

Training centres providing compulsory training must be approved

• Section 5 of Annex 1 of the Directive 2003/59/EC lists requirements for training centres approval:  The training centres taking part in the initial qualification and periodic training must be approved by the Member States' competent authorities. ( …). The application must be accompanied by documents including:– a suitable qualification and training program specifying the subjects

taught and setting out the proposed implementing plan and teaching methods;

– the instructors' qualifications and fields of activity;– information about the premises (…), the teaching materials, the

resources made available for the practical work, and the vehicle fleet used;

– the conditions regarding participation in the courses (number of participants).

5

Requirements for in-company training approval

• Requirements are similar to those for training centres• Example of the profile of an instructor certified by an approved

training center in France, the « moniteur d’entreprise »:– Being an employee of a transport company and meet the

prerequisites of the specifications of the Ministry;– Having completed the initial training of in-company trainers (25

days), conditions:• Age: at least 25 years old;• Being an employee of a road transport company;• three years of experience as a driver in road transport activities in the

last 5 years

– Being a signatory to a cooperative agreement with an approved training centre;

– devote at least 50% of her/his working time to training;– Perform a regular and mandatory periodic training recycling (every

two years up from the last course attended).6

In-house training

Not all Member States allow in-house training

7

  allowed not allowedAustria ü  Belgium ü  Bulgaria ü  Czech Republic ü  Cyprus   üDenmark   üEstonia   üFinland ü  France ü  Germany ü  Hungary   üItaly ü  Lithuania   üLuxembourg   üNetherlands ü  Poland ü üPortugal   üRomania   üSlovak Republic üSlovenia üSpain ü  Sweden ü  

United Kingdom ü  

AllowedNot allowed

8

Requirements to become trainers for periodic training

• Based on driving experience

the Netherlands

Experience as professional driver or qualification comparable to driving instructor (WRM certificate);

Austria

Experience as lecturers in the apprenticeship “professional driver”

Driving school instructors for C and D licenses;

Sufficient knowledge of regulations

Education or equal practical experience.

Sweden

two years experience in transport sector, vocational teacher or proven experience

.

• Based on qualification levels

Example of Lithuania:- Higher education, - three year work experience in road

transport or road safety, not lower than C od D category driving licence

- and a licence of completed pedagogical – psychological courses as described by relevant legal acts.

The approval bodies

• The approval body is, in most cases, under the tutelage of the transport Ministry or the competent authority in charge of implementation of the Directive

• In France, Hungary, Romania, Slovenia, the Transport Ministry is in charge of training centres’ approval

• In the UK, the Joint Approvals Unit for Periodic Training (JAUPT) set up by the Sector Skills Councils (Skills for Logistics for freight transport and GoSkills for passenger transport) manages the approvals process for Periodic Training centres and courses.

9

Allemagne IHKAustriche Regional Authority (Landeshauptmann)Belgique SPF (Ministry) Mobilité et TransportsBulgarie Road Transport AdministrationChypre Ministry of Communications and WorksDanemark Danish transport Authority Espagne Comunidades autonomas

Estonie Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications & Ministry of Education and Research

Finlande Board of Education and Finnish Transport Safety Agency

France DREALHongrie National Transport AuthorityIrlande Road Safety AuthorityItalie Ministry of TransportLatvia Road Traffic Safety DirectorateLituanie Ministry of Science and Education

Luxembourg Ministère du Développement durable et des Infrastructures

Malte Malta Transport AuthorityPays-Bas CCV division of the CBRPologne Regional governmentPortugal IMTT

République Tchèque Regional AuthorityRoumanie Ministry of TransportRoyaume Uni Driving standards AgencySlovenie Ministry of TransportSuède Swedish Transport Agency

The geographical scope of the approval body

SISISISISISISISISI

LULULULULULULULULU

CYCYCYCYCYCYCYCYCY

ATATATATATATATATAT

BEBEBEBEBEBEBEBEBE

BGBGBGBGBGBGBGBGBG

CZCZCZCZCZCZCZCZCZ

DKDKDKDKDKDKDKDKDK

EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE

FIFIFIFIFIFIFIFIFI

FRFRFRFRFRFRFRFRFR

DEDEDEDEDEDEDEDEDE

GRGRGRGRGRGRGRGRGR

HUHUHUHUHUHUHUHUHU

IEIEIEIEIEIEIEIEIE

ITITITITITITITITIT

LVLVLVLVLVLVLVLVLV

LTLTLTLTLTLTLTLTLT

MTMTMTMTMTMTMTMTMT

NLNLNLNLNLNLNLNLNL

PLPLPLPLPLPLPLPLPL

PTPTPTPTPTPTPTPTPT

RORORORORORORORORO

SKSKSKSKSKSKSKSKSK

ESESESESESESESESES

SESESESESESESESESE

GBGBGBGBGBGBGBGBGB

• Approval of drivers training providers reflects the administrative organization of the Member State.

• Sometimes approval is entrusted to the regional authorities:

– Austria,

– Czech Republic,

– France (DREAL),

– Germany,

– Poland

– Spain, …

NationalRegionalOther

Training program

11

• The training program must comply with the provisions of the Directive that indicates a list of subjects:– Advanced training in rational driving based on safety regulations

• characteristics of the transmission system • technical characteristics and operation of the safety controls • ability to load the vehicle with due regard for safety rules and proper vehicle

use• ability to optimize fuel consumption

– Application of regulations

– Health, road and environmental safety, service, logistics:• regulations governing the carriage of goods• ability to assess emergency situations• ability to prevent physical risks

Training programs – Periodic training

• Variety of the content of training programs:– Flexibility, “à la carte”: Belgium, Netherlands, UK

• Each driver tailors his/her periodic training by choosing the courses among the certified ones.

– Fixed training programs– Obligatory modules in the training programs (Austria: 28h of obligatory

modules)

• Some training programs do not encompass driving courses (Romania, Czech Republic and Poland) while it is compulsory in some countries (France, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden);

• Use of e-learning.• ADR courses certified as a periodic training module: the Netherlands. • The risk of the modular system comes from its flexibility that could

lead drivers to undergo the same modules and not to go through all subjects as indicated by the Directive.

12

13

Quality of training - Opinions

• Respondents to the questionnaire expressed a general satisfaction regarding quality of training materials as well as trainers’ profiles

In France, initial training is required or 3-year experience as a driverIn the Netherlands, initial training is required to become trainer;In the UK, success to initial qualification tests is required.

• A few respondents pointed out disatisfaction regarding periodic trainingAustria: Training programmes, training materials and profile of trainers Czech Republic: Training materials and profile of trainersEstonia, Poland: lack of practical training

Use of simulator

• The directive allows the use of a « top-of-the-range » simulator: – In addition and not exclusive; – Definition of « top-of-the-range» simulators?

• The use of simulators is implemented as part of periodic training (30 minutes) in Belgium, France and in the Netherlands for example.

• It is not allowed in Austria and Lithuania.

14

15

Control process

• Controls of training centres consist mainly in verifications of conformity to specifications before approval, during delivery of training and prior to renewal of approval :– Control of documents,– Observation of training sessions,– Participants lists to be sent before training sessions.

• Follow-up of training performed, example of France: approved training centre must provide to the « préfet » (regional authority):– An annual pedagogical and financial assessment of compulsory

training carried out the year before: number of training sessions and their funding, number of trainees, number of training validated, …

– On a quarterly basis, list of courses held the previous quarter and those planned in the coming quarter with list of trainers and examinaters,

16

Control process – Example of the Joint Approvals Unit for Periodic Training in UK

• Every JAUPT Approved Training centre is subject to a Quality Assurance Audit by the JAUPT. The audit visit consists of a detailed inspection of the polices & procedures, along with observation of a live training session: – Inspection of centre documentation (records of training

delivered), qualifications of trainers, data Protection, Vehicle Documentation, …

– Review of the general management of the centre (procedures for identity checking of drivers, use of the central driver recording database, use of course evaluations and quality assurance;

– Discussion with the Driver CPC Course Administrator to go through the administration process for a specific course,

– Evaluation of the delivery of a course by attending a course for at least 2 hours at the start or finish.

– General discussion with the trainer regarding procedures, course delivery and staff training;

– General discussion with the drivers attending the course regarding delivery, content and the trainer.

17

Control process

• Low number of training centres controls

One control per year in Belgium but one control per module per instructor

One control per year in France or DenmarkOne control every two years in Poland One control at least every three years in Romania

• Reality of control

But some respondents complained that controls are only formal and might affect quality of training by creating distortion of competition among training providers by promoting those with low tariffs (fares)

18

Tests and examination

Initial qualification (Directive 2003/59, Annex I section 2)– Course attendance and test: written or oral test– Test:

• theoretical test (4 hours minimum)– multiple-choice questions, questions with direct answer or

combination of the 2;– case studies

• and practical test– Driving test (90 mn minimum)– Practical (loading, etc) (30 mn minimum)

19

Tests and examination

• Periodic training: a test follows the courses in Estonia and Hungary– In Hungary

• The test consists in multiple-choice questions and is characterised by a success rate of 92% in 2009 and 90% in 2010.

• Retest is possible within one year from the payment of fees.– In Estonia:

• the test covers the following topics: principles of the Labour Law, Communication Psychology, Knowledge and handling of vehicle, Infrastructure of transport, Logistics, Insurance, Responsibility of the driver,

• Retest is possible within a period defined by the training provider.