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Raspberry Pi Kernel Compile

Posted by michael on Jun 8, 2012 in Raspberry Pi, Tutorials, Ubuntu | 12 comments

This tutorial will demonstrate how to cross compile the kernelfor the Raspberry Pi on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. The kernel is functional with both theDebian and Arch Linux Raspberry Pi images. First, install the package dependencies,git and the cross-compilation toolchain:

sudo apt-get install git-core gcc-4.6-arm-linux-gnueabi

Create a symlink for the cross compiler:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.6 /usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc

Make a directory for the sources and tools, then clone them with git:

mkdir raspberrypicd raspberrypigit clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/tools.gitgit clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux.gitcd linux

Generate the .config file from the pre-packaged raspberry pi one:

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-bcmrpi_cutdown_defconfig

If you want to make changes to the configuration, run make menuconfig (optional):

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-

pberry Pi Kernel Compile | MitchTech http://mitchtech.net/raspberry-pi-kernel-c

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menuconfig

Once you have made the desired changes, save and exit the menuconfig screen. Nowwe are ready to start the build. You can speed up the compilation process by enablingparallel make with the -j flag. The recommended use is processor cores + 1, e.g. 5 ifyou have a quad core processor:

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi- -k -j5

Assuming the compilation was sucessful, create a directory for the modules:

mkdir ../modules

Then compile and install the loadable modules to the temp directory:

make modules_install ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi- INSTALL_MOD_PATH=../modules/

Now we need to use imagetool-uncompressed.py from the tools repo to get the kernelready for the Pi.

cd ../tools/mkimage/./imagetool-uncompressed.py ../../linux/arch/arm/boot/Image

This creates a kernel.img in the current directory. Plug in the SD card of the existingDebian image that you wish to install the new kernel on. Delete the existingkernel.img and replace it with the new one, substituting boot-partition-uuid with theidentifier of the partion as it is mounted in Ubuntu.

sudo rm /media/boot-partition-uuid/kernel.imgsudo mv kernel.img /media/boot-partition-uuid/

Next, remove the existing /lib/modules and lib/firmware directories, substitutingrootfs-partition-uuid with the identifier of the root filesystem partion mounted inUbuntu.

sudo rm -rf /media/rootfs-partition-uuid/lib/modules/sudo rm -rf /media/rootfs-partition-uuid/lib/firmware/

Go to the destination directory of the previous make modules_install, and copy thenew modules and firmware in their place:

cd ../../modules/sudo cp -a lib/modules/ /media/rootfs-partition-uuid/lib/sudo cp -a lib/firmware/ /media/rootfs-partition-uuid/lib/sync

Thats it! Exject the SD card, and boot the new kernel on the Raspberry Pi!


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12 Comments

snakeJune 16, 2012

if you copt the boot directory from the firmware github onto the sdcard bootpartition, you can just copy the kernel image arch/arm/boot/bzImage tosdcard/boot_partitiion/kernel.img it will work straight away.

reply

michaelJune 16, 2012

Thanks for the tip snake!

reply

1.

sokkaajJune 18, 2012

What is the modification youre talking about on the external USB rootfs page?

reply

michaelJune 22, 2012

The modification allows you to move the root filesystem (ie /) from the SD

card to a USB drive. I have several USB drives in excess of 16GB, but only a4GB SD card. Moving / to the USB drive gives me much more space.

reply

2.

iqzer0++July 14, 2012

is there any way to change the root password ?

3.


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reply

KoenkkAugust 4, 2012

sudo passwd root

reply

Ludolf KolligsAugust 14, 2012

Moin dear Michel and interrogators!Thank You for detailed instruction which I was looking for since I found no directADSL connection over PPPoE provided for on RP.

Perhaps some more advice available in this direction?Greetings from Hamburg, North Germany!Ludolf

reply

michaelAugust 17, 2012

Hi Ludolf,It looks like PPP is supported by default, but PPPoE is not. For kernelsupport, you will need to enable the PPPoE module. In the .config file,change:# CONFIG_PPPOE is not set

toCONFIG_PPPOE=m

Then you should be able to follow the official Debian instructions toconfigure PPPoE here:http://wiki.debian.org/PPPoE

reply

4.

smithOctober 26, 2012

hey, ive followed all the steps above and the new kernel runs, but a cant loadmodules and getting Exec format error after modprobe

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5.


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ZiaNovember 5, 2012

Hey ,

All steps are very clear to me. I successfully built the kernel and run on theboard. but it fails to load any module as even mouse and keyboard attached toboard stop responding. Please guide me through thisThanks.

Zia

reply

6.

Sb

December 19, 2012

make modules_install ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-INSTALL_MOD_PATH=../modules/

should be

make modules_install ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.6 INSTALL_MOD_PATH=../modules/

reply

Brian H WilsonJanuary 2, 2013

Thanks, worked first try for me! I needed to build a kernel to use aDisplaylink monitor.

reply

7.

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