PHYSICS & THE MOTION OF SPORT
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Transcript of PHYSICS & THE MOTION OF SPORT
PHYSICS & THE MOTION OF SPORT
Sports are jam packed with physics and motion!
Physics concepts such as: Motion, velocity, speed, acceleration, force,
inertia, mass, friction, gravity, powerare present in many sports!
PHYSICS AND SPORTS EQUIPMENT:
BASKETBALL BOUNCES -bounce pass,dribbling, shooting off backboard
FOOTBALL SHAPE OF FOOTBALL - enables the spiral pass - by reducing air resistance, therefore you can throw it farther
BASEBALL SEAMS on the baseball allow pitcher to throwdifficult pitches
GOLFBALL Has DIMPLES - helps air flow around the ball (therefore reduces air resistance, keeps pathflight straight)
AERODYNAMICCYCLING/SPEEDSKATING SUITS
Reduces air resistance to motion, also known as drag
THE PHYSICS OF A SOCCER BALL
NEW SOCCER BALL INCREASED DYNAMICS
TRADITIONAL BALL•Round shape, smooth surface • Result - Air would stick to front
of ball and slow it down
NEW BALL• Has dimples on surface - this redirects the air to flow around the ball, increasing speed by
20%• Less drag - Straighter/smoother
flights
How does the amount of air in a soccer ball affect how far it travels when struck
by the same force?
QUESTION
HIGHER AIR PRESSURE = improves the ball's rebound off the foot of a player. The ball deforms less during impact, so less energy is lost to deformation, therefore the ball will travel a greater distance.
PHYSICS OF HOCKEYTHE ICE • FAST ICE =
INTERACTION OF BLADE AND ICE SURFACE More FORCE/leg power provided by the skater =Less FORCE/leg power provided by the skater =
Surface of the blade is not flat, it is concave, this produces two sharp edgesEdges = increase players ability to dig into the ice - to stop, start or change direction
(HARDER/COLDER/SMOOTH SURFACE) LESS FRICTION
• SLOW ICE =
(SOFTER/WARMER) MORE FRICTION
FASTERSLOWER
THE EQUIPMENTSKATES = Blades = made of steel.
THE SLAP SHOTWEIGHT TRANSFER
CHECKING -Using physical FORCE to gain possession of the puck
Weight of player transfers from his/her back legs right through to the stick in his/her hands
The overall motion is combined with the stick snappingback, releasing ENERGY into the puck
LUGEFORCE is used to get sled moving
GRAVITY causes ACCELERATION
FRICTION between the ice and the sled
The WEIGHT of the luger places PRESSURE on the ice, melting it and creating a slippery layer of
water that helps REDUCE FRICTION
• EQUIPMENT - REDUCE FRICTIONAL FORCES:• Tight rubberized suits• Special helmets with rounded face shields• Aerodynamic sled design
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atwcIduYnfU
Choose ONE sport from this list:
Football Soccer BasketballCycling Snowboarding CurlingFigure Skating Surfing WeightliftingGolf Kayaking GymnasticsBaseball Tennis SkiingBowling Swimming BobsleddingVolleyball Skateboarding
PHYSICS & MOTION OF
SPORT - ACTIVITY
In groups of two - research the
physics/science of a particular sport:
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Motion Related Technology
Bicycle, snowmobile, skateboard, skates, wheelchairs,Planes, vehicles, kayaks, canoes etc.
MOTION RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
STOP WATCH - Used to measure time and
distance
TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS USED TO MEASURE MOTION
Motion Sensor - A device that uses sound waves to detect motion
Metronome - A mechanical or digital device used for marking
time for musicians
Ticker timer - A timing device which makes a series of dots on a paper tape as it is pulled
through a timer
TICKER TAPEUsed to analyze the MOTION of objects in physics labsA long tape is attached to a moving object and threaded through a device that places a tick upon
the tape at regular intervals of time
As the object moves, it drags the tape through the "ticker," thus leaving a trail of dots
Ticker tape can also reveal if an object is moving ata CONSTANT VELOCITY or ACCELERATING
MOTION RELATED
TECHNOLOGY
THE KAYAKA blend of ART and SCIENCE
SEA KAYAK Long, narrow and
built for speed• Less maneuverable, but fast in a straight
line• Glide further per
stroke
Common Materials - Plastic, wood or fiberglass
WHITE WATER KAYAK Short, wide, can turn
on a dime• Less stable, but far more maneuverable
ROLLERCOASTER PHYSICS
ROLLER COASTERS DO NOT HAVE ENGINES!The car is pulled to the top of the first hill, but after this the
coaster must complete the ride itself
The conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy is what drives the roller coaster
POTENTIAL ENERGY- Stored energyKINETIC ENERGY - Energy of motion- Ability to move.
HEIGHT OF FIRST HILL
There is a relationship between the height of the first hill and the
speed of the roller coaster
FREE FALL RIDESTHE RIDE TO THE TOP -
FORCE is applied to the car to lift it to the top of the free-fall
tower.
MOMENTARY SUSPENSION - The riders are suspended in the air for a brief moment in timeDOWNWARD PLUNGE - The car suddenly drops and beginsto ACCELERATE toward the ground
ROBOTICS = A branch of
Artificial Intelligence
ROBOTSDevices that can
respond to sensory
input
AIBOMade by: Sony (Japan)
AIBO stands for: Artificial Intelligent BotAIBO features a variety of
senses:Touch - Sensors on head, back, chin & paws.
Hearing - Pair of stereo microphones, voice recognition.
Sight - Color camera, distance sensors and facial recognition.
Balance - Keeps balance through acceleration sensors
Each AIBO begins life as a newborn puppy, over time it will develop its own unique
personality based upon how it is raised.
AIBO can take photos on command, these can be sent
via email or stored on his memory card.
AIBO can detect movement and sound
SO WHAT CAN AIBO DO?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKAeihiy5Ck&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqtsR-2Ph94&feature=related
TRANSPORTATIONAutomobiles, planes, boats, subways, trains, helicopters
etc.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-Me5FD_D0M&feature=PlayList&p=DDE86B2FEF7AD3F3&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=15
MASS TRANSPORTATION - Any kind of transportation system in which large numbers of people are carried
within a single vehicle
ADVANTAGES OF MASS TRANSPORTATION?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nPt-s2bg3c&feature=PlayList&p=DDE86B2FEF7AD3F3&index=17
TELESCOPE - Hubble Satellite
• Hubble has left a stunning
legacy of information to
astronomy researchers
over the years and continues
to produce more to this
very day.
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/videos/space/hubble.html
Takes high resolution images of planets, stars, galaxies and more
SPIRALGALAXY
SPACE
NEBULA
MARS
DYING STAR
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mmz5qYbKsvM
SO WHAT DOES IT ALL MEAN?
Answer each of these questions in a couple of sentences:
1. How does technology impact your daily life?
2. How will technology have an impact on your future?
4. Do you think that technology is a good or bad thing? Explain why.
3. What are some disadvantages and advantages associated with technology? (List 2 to 3 advantages AND disadvantages)
5. How do you think technology has anImpact on the environment?
CAN YOU THINK OF ANY OTHERS?
-Creation of new jobs
- Cost effectiveness- Communication
- Increased Productivity
- Advances in Health Care & Medicine
- Advances in Transportation - Shorter traveling
distances
-Unemployment-Loss of privacy
-Lack of job security-Kids are becoming
increasingly inactive-Can be
unreliable - prone to malfunctions
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
MOTION
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=odGx5JajnHU&feature=related
The MOTION of objects can be described in
everyday words
ACTIVITY
Choose five different everyday objects that are in MOTION
(ex. Skateboards, vehicles, birds, dogs, wheelchairs, skis, roller blades, bicycles
etc.) Write down a description of the motion of each object in your own words.
For example: BIRD MOTION: Can fly fast, can fly slow, uses power produced by flapping wings to fly, flight can be smooth or sporadic, birds can
glide etc.
Motion is one of the key topics in physics
EVERYTHING IN THE UNIVERSE MOVES Even if you appear to be standing
still, the Earth is moving around the Sun, and the Sun is moving around
our galaxyMotion is one part of what physicists call
MECHANICS
Scientists have discovered several laws
that explain motion and the causes of changes
in motion
The physics of motion is all about FORCES
FORCES need to act upon an object to get it moving, or to change its
motionCHANGES IN MOTION WON’T HAPPEN ON
THEIR OWN
MASS is a measure of the amount of matter contained in a physical body
How fast an object moves, its SPEED or VELOCITY can be influenced by forces
ACCELERATION is a measure of how much the velocity of an object changes in a certain time
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HN7bRkHWMeY&feature=related
ACTIVITY
1. Crumple one of piece of paper into a small tight ball.Also obtain a flat sheet of paper.
2. Drop the crumpled paper and the flat sheet of paper at the same time from the same height.
3. Use careful observation to see if both pages land at the same time.
4. Repeat the procedure at least three times to ensure that your methods and observations are consistent and accurate.
ACTIVITY QUESTIONS1. Observation Results:
2. Does the crumpled paper, or the flat sheet of paper fallto the ground faster?
Crumpled paper falls faster.
3. Explain why the crumpled paper and flat paperdropped at a different rate.The paper falls slowly as it descends and moves from side to side because of the friction caused by the air resistance. The crumpled paper ball has less air resistance so falls quicker.
The flat sheet of paper falls slowly in a side to side motion. The paper ball drops straight to the floor quickly.
ACTIVITY 21. Drop a flat sheet of paper onto the floor from shoulder height
2. Drop a book onto the floor from the same height
3. Drop the book and the sheet of paper at the same time from the same height and observe the difference
4. Now place the paper on top of the book. With the same gravity working on the paper and the book, will the paper fall at the same rate as the book?
5. Drop the book with the paper on top of it(make sure the paper is smaller or equal in size to the book)
ACTIVITY 2 QUESTIONS
1. Write down your observations.
The sheet of paper fell slowly moving from side to side. The book dropped like a rock.
2. Describe how the paper fellThe sheet of paper will move from side to side when it falls and the air resistance will cause it to descend slowly.
3.Describe how the book fell
The book is heavier which allows it to overcome the air resistance so it fell more quickly.
4.When together why did the paper fall as fast as the book
There is no air under the paper and therefore no resistance, so it fell at the same time as the book.