Physics Review Topics
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Transcript of Physics Review Topics
Physics Review Topics
Things you should know from Chemistry…
SI Units (Metric System)Base Units: m,kg,L,mol,sCombination of Base Units=Derived Units(g/L)Table 2-1 pg. 17 lists metric prefixesRemember Metric System is based on
Powers of Ten!Converting….
Significant Digits/Figures
Rules:1. Nonzero digits are always significant2. Final zeros after a decimal are significant3. Embedded zeros are significant4. Placeholder zeros are NOT significant5. Do not use constants or numbers that are
not measurements (ex.1day) to decide on significant digits in a problem!
How many “sig figs” in an answer?
Adding & SubtractingRound to the
PLACE of the least precise value (one with the least digits after decimal)
Multiplying & Dividing
Round to the same number of significant digits as the least precise value (one with the least digits)
Scientific Notationm x 10n
Where 1 < m < 10 and n is an integerIf you move the decimal to the left, n is
positive and if you move the decimal to the right, n is negative
When converting to scientific notation, you take away non-significant zeros!
Arithmetic with Scientific Notation
Adding and Subtracting: Exponents must “match”…if they do not, move
decimal until they do!Multiplying and Dividing:
Exponents do not have to “match” Multiplying: add exponents Dividing: subtract exponents
Graphing2.3
This is just a quick refresher…to be completely prepared, you should read this entire section
and review the graphics
Types of Graphs:
Line Graph Reminders Independent variable
X axis Thing you are changing Time is a common ind.variable
Dependent variable Y axis Thing that changes due to
independent changing Making Graph
Labels (title and axis) Spacing of numbers
Types of Line Graphs Linear, Quadratic, and Inverse
Linear RelationshipsGraph is a straight lineRelationship between variables can be shown
in this equation: y=mx+bm=slope (rise over run) and b=y-interceptSlope can be positive or negative:
Quadratic RelationshipGraph is a parabola, the parabolic relationship
exists when one variable depends on the square of another.
y=kx2
k is a constant that shows how fast y changes with x2
Inverse RelationshipsGraph is a hyperbola, a hyperbola results
when one variable depends on the inverse of the other.
y=(k)(1/x) or xy=kWhere k is again a constant
INTERPOLATING/EXTRAPOLATING
INTERPOLATING: Reading within a set of data points
EXTRAPOLATING: Extending past given data points to make a reading