Physical and Chemical Properties Coursework
3
Physical and Chemical Properties Materials Physical Properties Chemical Properties Methanol Colourless liquid Flammable Volatile Distinctive odour Melting point: 65⁰C Freezing point: - 93.9⁰C Molecular weight: 32.042kg/kmol Molecular structure: Combustion of Methanol: Methanol burns pale blue, non-luminous flame to produce carbon dioxide and water. Oxidation of Methanol: Methanol oxidizes wit acidified potassium dichromate to form formaldehyde Esterification of Methanol: Methanol reacts with organic acid to form esters Substitution of Methanol: Methanol substitutes with sodium/ phosphorus pentachloride/ hydrogen chloride resulting in various products Hydrogen Colourless gas Melting point:- 259.16⁰C Boiling point:- 252.88⁰C Atomic mass: 1.007825 g.mol −1 Isotopes: 3 Odourless Slightly soluble in water, alcohol and others Molecular Structure: Oxidation of hydrogen: Hydrogen burns in air to produce water Reactivity with gases: Combining hydrogen and nitrogen at high pressure and temperature produces ammonia (NH 3 ) Combined with carbon monoxide produces methanol (CH 3 OH)
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Transcript of Physical and Chemical Properties Coursework
Physical and Chemical Properties
Materials Physical Properties Chemical PropertiesMethanol Colourless liquid
Flammable Volatile Distinctive odour Melting point: 65⁰C Freezing point: -93.9⁰C Molecular weight:
32.042kg/kmol Molecular structure:
Combustion of Methanol:Methanol burns pale blue, non-luminous flame to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Oxidation of Methanol:Methanol oxidizes wit acidified potassium dichromate to form formaldehyde
Esterification of Methanol:Methanol reacts with organic acid to form esters
Substitution of Methanol:Methanol substitutes with sodium/ phosphorus pentachloride/ hydrogen chloride resulting in various products
Hydrogen Colourless gas Melting point:-259.16⁰C Boiling point:-252.88⁰C Atomic mass:
1.007825g .mol−1
Isotopes: 3 Odourless Slightly soluble in water,
alcohol and others Molecular Structure:
Oxidation of hydrogen:Hydrogen burns in air to produce water
Reactivity with gases:Combining hydrogen and nitrogen at high pressure and temperature produces ammonia (NH3)Combined with carbon monoxide produces methanol (CH3OH)
Acid compounds:Common acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), acetic acid (HC2H3O2) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
Combustion:When mixed with air and with chlorine it can spontaneously explode by spark, heat or sunlight.
Carbon monoxide
A poisonous colourless gas
Oxidation:burns in air to produce
Odourless Tasteless gas Molecular
weight:28.0101 g/mole Boiling point: -191°C Melting point:-205°C Flammable gas Molecular structure:
carbon dioxide Solubility:
Carbon monoxide is soluble in water, benzene and ethanol
Carbon dioxide
A colourless gas Odourless Tasteless gas Molecular weight:44.01
g/mole Boiling point: -78.5°C Melting point:-55.6°C Molecular structure:
Carbonic acids:Carbon dioxide react with water to produce acidic oxides
Reaction with alkalis:Carbon dioxide reacts with alkalis to produce carbonates and bicarbonates.
Water Boiling point: 212°F (100°C)
Density: 999.97 kg/m³ Molar mass:
18.01528 g/mol Melting point: 32°F
(0°C) Molecular structure:
Neutral, pH 7 High specific heat
capacity High surface tension Known as Universal
Solvent:water dissolves more substances than any other liquid
