Phycology order volvocales
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Transcript of Phycology order volvocales
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OrderVOLVOCALESReporter:
Adrian Fabian Alcaraz
Proud BS Bio 4A
Includes about 60 genera and 500 species
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Distinguishing FeaturesUnicellular or colonialMotile throughout their life or forming colonies of
palmelloid forms or dendroid formsUsually fresh waterChloroplast are usually cup or basin shaped with a
single pyrenoid.Asexual reproduction by biflagellate
zoospores‚ aplanospores ‚ or palmella stagesSexual reproduction varies from isogamy to oogamy
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Suborder Chlamydomonadineae Family Chlamydomonadaceae Family Sphaerellaceae Family Polyblepharidaceae Family Phacotaceae
Suborder Tetrasporineae Family Tetrasporaceae Family Palmellaceae
Suborder Chlorodendrineae Family Chlorodendraceae
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Family Chlamydomonadaceae
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Distinguishing FeaturesUnicellularMay be biflagellate or quadriflgellateAsexual reproduction takes place by
zoospores or palmella stagesSexual reproduction is mostly
isogomous
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Habitat andOccuranceWidely distributed on fresh water
(rainwater ponds‚ pools‚ ditches‚ laboratory aquaria‚ moist soils)
Waters rich in ammonium compoundsSalt waters (C. halophila)Snow (C. yellowstonensis)
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StructureMeasure about 0.02mmSpherical‚ ovoid‚ sub-cylindrical ‚ ellipsoidalChloroplast:
Single cup shape Reticulate Stellate Discoid
Single pyrenoid ‚ some lack pyrenoidTwo contractile vacuoles at the base of the flagellaTiny photoreceptive eye-spots at the anterior end.
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cellulosic wall
cell membrane
chloroplast
mitochondria
nucleus
flagella
eyespot
cytosol
starchpyrenoid
Chlamydomonas contractile vacuole
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Discoid ChloroplastReticulate ChloroplastSingle cup ChloroplastStellate Chloroplast
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ReproductionAsexual reproduction:
Zoospores Aplanospore formation Hypnospores Palmella stage
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ReproductionSexual reproduction:
Isogamous reproduction
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ReproductionSexual reproduction:
Anisogamous reproduction
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ReproductionSexual reproduction:
Oogamous reproduction
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ReproductionZygotes and its germination
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Life Cycle
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Nice to Know
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Family VolvocaceaePANDORINA
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Distinguishing FeaturesIncludes all motile colonial generaCells of the colony lie in a disc or in a hollow
sphere. The number in a colony is fixed an is a multiple of two.
Asexual reproduction is by daughter colonySexual reproduction ranges rom isogamy to
oogamy
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Habitat andOccuranceWidely distributed on fresh water
(ponds‚ ditches)
StructureMotile colonySubspherical to ellipsoidal in shapeIt consists of usually 16 (rarely 8 or 32)
biflagellate cells embedded in a gelatinous matrix
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ReproductionAsexual reproduction:Sexual reproduction:
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Family VolvocaceaeEUDORINA
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Habitat andOccuranceWidely distributed on fresh water
(ponds‚ ditches)
StructureCoenobia are usually spherical or ovoid an larger
than PandorinaComposed of 32 (rarely 16 or 64) cells
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ReproductionAsexual reproduction:Sexual reproduction:
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Family Sphaerellaceae
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Distinguishing FeaturesMotile forms which cells lie in a disc or a
hollow sphereNumber of cells is definite and constant
rom juvenile to adult (coenobium)Asexual reproduction by formation of
daughter coloniesSexual reproduction varies rom isogamy to
oogamy through anisogamy
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Family SphaerellaceaeVOLVOX
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Habitat andOccuranceWidely distributed on fresh water
(rainwater ponds‚ pools‚ ditches‚ sometimes lakes)
The coenobia appear in rainy season and disappear with the beginning of summer
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StructureA colony is comprised of 500-60,000 cellsAll cells are arranged in a single layer within a
periphery of colonial matrixCovered by a marked mucilaginous lamellaInternally occupied by a gelatinous material
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ReproductionAsexual reproductionSexual reproduction
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