PHP 5 Advanced: Visual QuickPro Guide (ISBN 0-321-37601-3) © … · 2009. 6. 9. · ; (semicolon),...

; (semicolon), 111:: (scope resolution) operator, 289–293* (asterisk), 399, 541` (backticks), 415// (comment symbol), 44–46@ (error suppression operator), 314| (or symbol), 541% (percent sign), 37, 42+ (plus sign), 541? (question mark), 541“ (quotation marks), 284, 444, 445–455‘ (quote marks), 444, 445–455+/- (sign specifier), 37/ (slash), 189

Aa mode, 374a+ mode, 374abstract classes, 300–307abstract keyword, 300abstract methods, 300–307abstraction, 234access control, 234, 281–288ActiveXObject() function, 492–494addAttachment() method, 478addAttribute() method, 556addBcc() method, 470addCc() method, 470addChild() method, 556addHTMLImage() method, 476–477, 479add_item() method, 333–334, 344addresses table, 182

addRule() method, 461–467addUser() function, 149addUser() method, 145Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), 158advcheckbox element type, 456AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), 158Ajax, 481–528

considerations, 528database creation, 485–486described, 481–482example, advanced, 506–522example, simple, 484–505GET requests, 495, 526HTTP status codes, 496introduction to, 482–483populating database, 486POST requests, 523, 526server requests, 482, 496Web browser support, 482–528XML and, 481, 483

Ajax applicationscreating HTML for, 500–503, 520–522creating PHP script for, 487–490, 507–512debugging, 523–528testing, 504–505testing PHP script, 491, 524–527Web browser support, 482–528writing JavaScript for, 492–499, 513–519

Ajax model, 482Ajax transactions, 482, 483, 494alignment specifier, 37alphabetical sorts, 2–7

569

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15_PHP5VQP(569-592).qxd 02/14/2007 11:59 AM Page 569

ASCII integer, 37asterisk (*), 399, 541asXML() method, 561asynchronous behavior, 483Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. See AjaxAtom format, 568attach() method, 395attachments, email, 469, 478, 479attributes. See also specific attributes

class, 235, 236, 244description, 542empty elements, 536–539format of, 541–542static, 294–299values, 541–542visibility of, 281vs. variables, 236XML, 536–539

Auth class, 144–156auth element, 470Auth package, 143–156Auth type, 144authentication. See also passwords; security

custom, 151–156database-driven, 144HTTP, 157, 372logout feature, 154Mail_Mime package, 469MySQL, 145–149, 152optional, 150PEAR Auth package, 143–156simple, 144–150Web site, 143–156

authentication system, 143–156Auth_HTTP authorization, 157autocomplete element type, 456autoload() function, 260–262, 306autoloading classes, 260–262autoloading functions, 306

Bb mode, 374backticks (`), 415backups, database, 375–384base class, 265

alphanumeric rule, 462Alternative PHP Cache (APC), 80Amazon, 530& entity, 536Andrews, Tjobbe, 190ANY type, 541Apache server, 424APC (Alternative PHP Cache), 80API (application programming interface), 232' entity, 536application programming interface (API), 232applications

Ajax. See Ajax applicationscommand-line, 435, 437PuTTY, 422running through URLs, 524shopping cart, 212–223SSH, 422templates for, 190–196Terminal, 400testing, 504–505Web. See Web applications

applyFilter() method, 461–463, 468$argc array, 432arguments

command-line, 432–436constructors, 251filter, 137methods, 235, 240, 300, 301sessions, 84stored functions, 110

$argv array, 432arrays. See also specific arrays

adding tasks to, 23database-driven, 8–17default form values, 461filters, 142form validation, 131, 461–465multidimensional, 2–24nested structure, 8–17serialized, 89sorting, 2–7two-dimensional, 2

array_sum() function, 303ASCII characters, 38

570

Inde

xIndex


cart class, 340–346catch block, 311, 316, 319catch statement, 310catching exceptions, 310–316categories

browsing by, 199–204no products in, 211printing as links, 194validating, 202

categories table, 172, 176–178, 193, 194category ID, 194, 200–204category page, 200–204CDATA type, 542CGI (Common Gateway Interface), 418, 427character data, 554Character Type functions, 127characters

ASCI, 38, 499control, 127escaped, 189, 499formatting, 37–38length, 510letters only, 127lowercase, 127newline, 124, 423, 427, 438out-of-range, 499printable, 127special, 536uppercase, 127UTF-8, 499white space, 127XML, 549

check boxes, 32–33, 35, 456checkAuth() method, 145, 154checkbox element type, 456checkdate() function, 126, 132checkout systems, 224–232check_url() function, 359, 362check_urls() function, 361check_username() function, 498, 502, 505child classes, 264–270chmod utility, 431ciphers, 158class constants, 295class definition files, 261–262

base64_decode() function, 157, 166base64_encode() function, 157, 162base64_encode() version, 163BASE_URI constant, 54BASE_URL constant, 54BEGIN keyword, 111Benchmark package, 444–456benchmark timers, 445–450benchmarking, 444–456benchmarking functions, 451–456Benchmark_Iterate class, 451, 455binary data, 157, 380binary files, 382binary integer, 37binary mode, 374binary numbers, 37–38Boolean value, 84, 466bots, 135browsers. See Web browsersbrowsing, by category, 199–204button element type, 456buttons

associating keys with, 398calculator, 386–396, 398radio, 456reset, 456submit, 456, 457, 460, 516, 520

Ccache-control directives, 75Cache-Control header, 75, 79caching

APC, 80browsers, 74–80, 526considerations, 80in proxy servers, 74server-side, 80session, 80in Web pages, 74–80

calculate() function, 387–388, 392calculator example, 386–398call() method, 280call_this_function() function, 495captcha test, 135carriage returns (\r), 124

571

IndexIndex


client URL (cURL) utility, 80, 368–372, 399, 401

client/server model, 482client/server performance, 80client-side validation, 462, 464, 465–466“close” function, 84close() method, 326close_session() function, 94closing brackets, 46code. See also scripts

benchmarking, 444, 445–450comments, 44–46consistency and, 47indenting, 48structure, 47–48style, 47–48testing snippets of, 422–423updates to, 46white space in, 44, 48

code blocks, 423code snippets, 422–423colors table, 172, 176, 179columns, 83, 98–100, 102, 413COM (Component Object Module), 404–415COM classes, 414, 415com() function, 404COM objects, 410com_exception class, 414Command Line Interface. See CLIcommands. See also specific commands

running on server, 125, 415SQL, 98, 173, 486variables and, 125

comment symbol (//), 44–46comments

errors and, 287filtering, 140–142regular expression patterns, 126, 132writing, 44–46XML documents, 533

Common Gateway Interface (CGI), 418, 427compare rule, 462, 465Component Object Module (COM), 404–415compression, 80, 374–384CONCAT_WS() function, 107

class keyword, 237classes. See also specific classes

abstract, 300–307attributes, 235, 236, 244autoloading, 260–262base, 265child, 264–270COM, 414, 415CSS, 362, 550–554defining, 235–239derived, 265described, 234, 235inheriting, 266–270members of, 265methods within, 235names, 235, 243, 262network-related, 354OOP. See OOP classesparent, 264–270shopping cart, 328–346static class attributes, 294–299subclass, 265, 276, 288, 298superclass, 265visibility, 265

clausesIN, 220else, 167, 334, 442, 490else if, 494“out,” 18RETURNS, 111WHERE, 106

clear() function, 396CLI (Command Line Interface), 417–442

arguments, 432–436errors, 431, 435, 436, 441–442running scripts from, 424–431testing code snippets, 422–423testing installation of, 418–422uses for, 417, 423vs. CGI, 418

CLI applications, 435, 437CLI php.ini file, 424CLI scripts

creating, 424–427running, 428–431

572

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xIndex


counter, 116, 120, 121, 295–298, 427count_to_100() function, 25CREATE TABLE command, 10, 151–152,

174–178credit card processing, 171, 224–232cron utility, 399–401crontab file, 399–401crontab format, 399cryptType function, 151CSS classes, 362, 550–554CSS files, 58, 190ctype_ functions, 127ctype_alnum() function, 131ctype_digit() function, 132cURL (client URL) utility, 80, 368–372,

399, 401curl_errno() function, 372curl_error() function, 372curl_exec() command, 369curl_getinfo() function, 372curl_init() function, 368, 370CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS option, 370curl_setopt() function, 368curly braces, 48custom authentication, 151–156customers table, 171, 174, 182

Ddata

binary, 157, 380encrypting/decrypting. See encryptionescaping, 189, 468importing, 98processing in forms, 466–468reading from Web sites, 348–354session, 82–95, 125trimming, 461validating. See validation

data source name (DSN), 144database connections

closing, 195, 370–372, 490configuration file, 184–186errors, 14, 189, 379, 489establishing, 184, 189, 495, 498file compression and, 378–379

conditionalscommenting, 46nested, 310processing form data, 466, 468session handlers, 92switch, 64–65, 238, 324validation, 202–204

configuration filescreating, 183–189e-commerce application, 183–189index pages, 197–198Web applications, 50–57

connections. See database connectionsconnect_simple() method, 386, 390, 398Console_Getargs package, 436Console_Getopt package, 436const keyword, 295constants

accessing, 295BASE_URI, 54BASE_URL, 54class, 295DB, 54, 187“magic,” 465server-specific, 53–54, 187STDIN, 437–439, 442values, 295

construct() method, 251–252, 255, 271constructors

arguments, 251calling, 255creating, 251–255declaring, 255default, 255described, 251Exception, 318, 327inheritance, 271–275subclass, 272–275using, 252–256vs. destructors, 256

containers, 385, 394content modules, 66–69contingencies, 45control characters, 127cookies, 157, 159–163, 372

573

IndexIndex


products from shopping cart, 219, 223,335–336

sessions, 89delimiters, 111derived class, 265design patterns, 235destroy events, 397destruct() function, 256, 258destructors

creating, 256–259described, 256inheritance, 271, 274Java and, 259OOP, 256–259vs. constructors, 256

directoriesbackup, 376–383permissions, 378, 380–381session, 82, 125site structure, 48temporary, 82writable, 378

display() method, 445, 466–468display windows, 391, 395, 396display_cart() method, 346distance calculations, 103–109dl() function, 391DMCinsights.com, 170do() function, 289do() method, 244document modeling, 540–541Document Object Model. See DOMDocument Type Definitions (DTDs), 540–547Dojo software, 518DOM (Document Object Model), 496, 548DOM parsers, 548, 556–561drop-down menus, 15, 16DSN (data source name), 144DTDs (Document Type Definitions), 540–547

EeBay, 530echo() function, 37, 398, 447–454, 475echo() statement, 423ECMAScript language, 494

RSS feeds and, 565secure, 422

database creationAjax example, 485–486e-commerce example, 171–182multidimensional arrays, 10–11

database files, 57, 187database-driven arrays, 8–17databases. See also records; tables

adding tasks to, 12–18advanced concepts, 81–122backing up, 375–384compression, 374–384connections. See database connectionscreating. See database creationescaping data for, 468names, 375normalization, 172, 173, 176populating, 486selecting, 174storing sessions in, 82–95zip code, 96–109

date element type, 456date() function, 423, 567date_added attribute, 9date_completed attribute, 9day menu, 456DB constant, 54, 187DB container, 151debug mode, 187–188$debug variable, 54debuggers, 527debugging. See also errors

Ajax applications, 523–528error messages associated with, 188JavaScript, 523–528selecting mode, 187

debugging level, 54decimal point, 390, 393, 396DECLARE statement, 110decrypting data, 164–167DELETE query, 89delete_item() method, 335–336deleting

objects, 240, 242, 249, 259

574

Inde

xIndex


encapsulation, 234, 242, 288encodeURIComponent() method, 499encryption, 157–167

AES, 158MCrypt, 157–167passwords, 149, 154

END keyword, 111entities, 536–539EOD delimiter, 32EOT delimiter, 32error handling, 55, 57, 188–189, 310, 327error messages, 55–56, 188, 324, 464error reporting, 125error suppression operator (@), 314error_log() function, 56, 188errors. See also debugging

CLI, 431, 435, 436, 441–442COM, 410, 413comments, 287connection, 14, 189, 379, 489cURL, 370, 372emailing, 53, 56, 184exception, 310–316file open, 314handling, 55, 57, 188, 310, 327HTML, 464JavaScript, 464, 527live sites, 125OOP, 234, 310, 327parse, 32, 422PEAR packages, 446, 461, 464printing, 56unable to open URL, 352validation, 133variable names and, 196

escape() method, 499escaped characters, 189escapeshellarg() function, 125, 415escapeshellcmd() function, 125, 415escaping data, 468eval() function, 513, 517, 519event-based parsers, 548events

destroy, 397form-related, 456

e-commercecheckout systems, 224–232configuration file, 183–189credit card processing, 171, 224–232database creation, 171–182overview, 170payments, 232showing products online, 205–211templates, 190–196

e-commerce examplebrowse feature, 199–204index page, 197–198product catalog, 205–211shopping cart, 212–223

e-commerce sites, 170, 174element type symbols, 541element types, 541elements

empty, 536–539HTML, 456, 457JavaScript, 500password, 460XML, 530, 536–539

else clause, 167, 334, 442, 490else if clause, 494email

attachments, 469, 478, 479avoiding abuse of, 124carbon copies, 470HTML, 469–479images, 476–479passwords, 131plain text, 469–470, 474–479

email address element, 458email addresses

carbon copies, 470e-commerce sites, 174rules, 462, 464, 465validating, 131, 462

email rule, 462, 464emailing errors, 53, 56, 184emailorblank rule, 462empty elements, 536–539EMPTY type, 541

575

IndexIndex


file_exists() function, 325FileIO class, 326filename rule, 462filenames, 125, 462, 545files

backup, 375–384binary, 382class definition, 261–262closing, 316, 374compressing, 374–384configuration. See configuration filesCSS, 58, 190database, 57, 187FTP, 368, 372help, 418, 420, 421, 475included, 125modification date, 423moving, 125names, 125, 462, 545opening, 316, 348, 374, 380, 426permissions, 314, 315, 348, 381PHP, 199, 400–401php.ini, 406, 424read/write modes, 374–375time modified, 378Word, 404XML. See XML documents

$filter argument, 137filter_has_var() function, 142filtering

comments, 140–142form data, 461–465variables, 136–142

filter_input() function, 137filter_list() function, 137filters

array of, 142listed, 137PECL Filter, 136–142

filter_var() function, 137filter_var_array() function, 142final function, 279Firefox browser, 493, 526, 527, 531, 565flag variables, 202floating-point numbers, 37, 38, 98, 438–442

JavaScript, 500user, 386, 397

Excel class, 415Excel spreadsheets, 405, 406–415Exception class, 311, 317–327Exception class methods, 311Exception constructor, 318, 327exception handling, 310, 312–316, 320exceptions

catching, 310–316, 414COM, 414errors, 310–316throwing, 310–316vs. error handling, 310

exec() function, 415execution tendencies, 444Expat parser, 548, 549–551, 555Expires header, 75, 79extends statement, 266Extensible Markup Language. See XMLExtensible Stylesheet Language

Transformation (XSLT), 555extensions, 48, 61, 64, 424, 440

F-f flag, 428f mode, 374factory() method, 470–471, 474fclose() function, 316, 352, 360, 383fgetc() function, 442fgetcsv() function, 352, 353, 442fgets() function, 437fields

comments, 141name, 140, 141, 464password, 465required, 465, 484textarea, 456timestamp, 78

file element type, 456file extensions, 48, 61, 64, 424, 440file() function, 426file open modes, 374file pointer, 355file upload prompt, 456

576

Inde

xIndex


call_this_(), 495Character Type, 127checkdate(), 126, 132check_url(), 359, 362check_urls(), 361check_username(), 498, 502, 505clear(), 396close_session(), 94com(), 404commenting, 45CONCAT_WS(), 107count_to_100(), 25cryptType, 151ctype_alnum(), 131ctype_digit(), 132curl_errno(), 372curl_error(), 372curl_getinfo(), 372curl_init(), 368, 370curl_setopt(), 368date(), 423, 567destruct(), 256, 258dl(), 391do(), 289echo(), 37, 398, 447–454, 475error_log(), 56, 188escapeshellarg(), 125, 415escapeshellcmd(), 125, 415eval(), 513, 517, 519exec(), 415fclose(), 316, 352, 360, 383fgetc(), 442fgetcsv(), 352, 353, 442fgets(), 437file(), 426file_exists(), 325filter_has_var(), 142filter_input(), 137filter_list(), 137filter_var(), 137filter_var_array(), 142final, 279fopen(). See fopen() functionfscanf(), 42, 437, 438, 442fsockopen(), 355

folders, 48, 54fopen() function

CLI scripts, 426file compression, 374, 380, 383–384opening files, 316, 348, 374, 426, 554Web site access, 348

fopen() method, 362fopen() mode, 316for loop, 73, 122, 519foreach loop, 362, 413, 427, 560foreign keys, 9, 175, 176, 182formatting items

characters, 37–38with CSS classes, 550–554numbers, 37–38strings, 38XML output, 550–554

forms. See also HTML formscredit card processing, 229–231default values, 461filtering data, 461–465hidden input, 131login functionality, 144–156logout functionality, 93–95, 154processing data in, 466–468registration. See registration formsrules, 461–467validating, 126–135, 131, 461–465

fragment value, 356Frameworks, 72fscanf() function, 42, 437, 438, 442fsockopen() function, 355fsockopen() method, 356–362FTP files, 368, 372FTP port, 355functions

ActiveXObject(), 492–494addUser(), 149array_sum(), 303autoload(), 260–262, 306autoloading, 306base64_decode(), 157, 166base64_encode(), 157, 162benchmarking, 451–456calculate(), 387–388, 392

577

IndexIndex


popen(), 415printf(), 37–38, 398, 441print_r(), 6, 93readgzfile(), 375recursive, 18–24references and, 30registerRule(), 465require_once(), 241, 243return_distance(), 114, 507rtrim(), 164scanf(), 42session, 84–90session.auto_start, 90session_cache_limit(), 80session_destroy(), 89session_save_path(), 82session_set_save_handler(), 84, 90, 91session_start(), 90, 93session_write_close(), 91, 94, 95set_display(), 391–392, 396setlocale(), 127setMarker(), 445–449set_number(), 392–393, 396set_operator(), 396set_time_limit(), 362, 406–407SHA(), 174, 485shell_exec(), 368, 415show_login_form(), 154show_stores(), 517–519signature, 280sleep(), 269sprintf(), 38, 39–42, 490srand(), 158stored, 110–115strcasecmp(), 6, 352strcmp(), 3strip_tags(), 125strtolower(), 553system(), 415trigger_error(), 189trim(), 462uasort(), 3, 6uksort(), 3UNIX_TIMESTAMP(), 78unserialize(), 343

fwrite(), 314, 355, 380getAuthData(), 151, 156get_class(), 270gethostbyaddr(), 367gethostbyname(), 363gethostbynamel(), 367get_parent_class(), 270get_perimeter(), 246get_stores(), 516, 521grade_sort(), 28gzfile(), 375gzopen(), 374, 377, 380gzwrite(), 380handle_character_data(), 554handle_check(), 498, 499handle_open_element(), 553handle_stores(), 517, 518header(), 74–76htmlentities(), 372, 567include_once(), 241is_a(), 284isset(), 560is_subclass_of(), 284is_writable(), 378mail(), 124, 469–471make_list(), 23, 24, 35MCRYPT_DEV_RANDOM, 158mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size(), 158mcrypt_end_get_key_size(), 163mcrypt_module_open(), 158MCRYPT_RAND, 158MD5(), 149, 158–161, 160, 163mdecrypt_generic(), 164, 166my_error_handler(), 189mysqli_real_escape_string(), 88, 189,

468, 490names, 243name_sort(), 26number(), 228ob_gzhandler(), 80open(), 523parse_url(), 355–356passthru(), 415pclose(), 415performance, 452–455

578

Inde

xIndex


Google, 530grade_sort() function, 28graphical calculator example, 386–398group element type, 456> entity, 536GTK+ (GIMP Tool Kit), 385–398GTK home page, 385GtkWindow() widget, 394gzfile() function, 375gzopen() function, 374, 377, 380gzwrite() function, 380

Hh mode, 374handle_character_data() function, 554handle_check() function, 498, 499handle_open_element() function, 553handle_stores() function, 517, 518header element type, 456header() function, 74–76header types, 74–75, 458headers() method, 470HelloWorld class, 237–244HelloWorld example, 237–244help files, 418, 420, 421, 475heredoc syntax, 31–36, 339, 445–451hexadecimal integer, 37hexidecimal numbers, 127hidden element type, 456hidden input, 131, 456hidden values, 135hiddenselect element type, 456hide() method, 397hierselect element type, 456hinting, type, 319home page, 69, 197–198host value, 356HTML

Ajax applications, 500–503, 520–522clearing, 125entities, 539errors, 464vs. XML, 530

HTML elements, 456, 457

usort(), 3, 6vprintf(), 42write_session(), 94xml_parse(), 549xml_parse_create(), 549, 554xml_parse_free(), 549xml_set_character_data_handler(), 549xml_set_element_hander(), 549

fwrite() function, 314, 355, 380

Ggarbage collection function, 89Garrett, Jesse James, 483general_widgets table, 173, 177–180get() method, 451, 470get_ methods, 250GET requests, 495, 526get_area() method, 248, 301, 304getAuth() method, 150getAuthData() function, 151, 156get_class() function, 270getCode() method, 311get_count() method, 298getFile() method, 311gethostbyaddr() function, 367gethostbyname() function, 363gethostbynamel() function, 367getMessage() method, 311, 315get_parent_class() function, 270get_perimeter() function, 246get_perimeter() method, 304getProfiling() method, 445getRecord() method, 364get_stores() function, 516, 521getTrace() method, 311getTraceAsString() method, 311GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation

Program), 385GIMP Tool Kit (GTK+), 385–398global statement, 30global variables, 25, 55, 137, 391–394Gnope Web site, 385GNU Image Manipulation Program

(GIMP), 385

579

IndexIndex


inheritance theory, 274innerHTML property, 496, 498, 499InnoDB storage engine, 175, 176, 182input

hidden, 131, 456image, 456password, 456standard, 437–439, 442text, 456user, 438–442

instanceof keyword, 284INT keyword, 102integers, 37, 38interfaces, 307Internet Explorer browser, 74, 492, 526,

527, 531Internet service provider (ISP), 363IP addresses, 356–367IP geolocation, 363is_a() function, 284ISBN numbers, 182is_empty() method, 333ISP (Internet service provider), 363isset() function, 560is_subclass_of() function, 284is_writable() function, 378Iterate class, 451, 454

JJava language, 494JavaScript

Ajax applications, 482, 492–499, 513–519asynchronous transactions and, 483clearing, 125errors/debugging, 464, 523–528

JavaScript alerts, 519, 525JavaScript console, 527JavaScript debugger, 527JavaScript events, 500JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), 506–521JavaScript-enhanced text boxes, 456joins, 100, 102JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), 506–521

HTML email, 469–479. See also emailHTML forms. See also forms

Ajax applications, 501–503, 520–522creating, 134, 457–460, 501–503credit card processing, 229–231elements, 457hidden values in, 135HTML_QuickForm package, 456–468shopping cart, 337

HTML tags, 372, 496, 530HTML templates, 58–61HTML_AJAX package, 518htmlentities() function, 372, 567HTML_QuickForm class, 456, 457, 459HTML_QuickForm package, 456–468HTTP authentication, 157, 372HTTP status codes, 356, 360, 361, 496Huffman-only compression, 374

IID type, 542IIS (Internet Information Server), 424image element type, 456image input, 456images

directory for, 48GD library, 135HTML email, 476–479as input, 456

IMAP port, 355img tag, 476–478, 561importing data, 98IN clause, 220included files, 125include_once() function, 241index page, 62–65, 197–198indexes, 10, 99, 102, 519infinite loop, 18inheritance

from classes, 266–270constructors, 271–275described, 264, 266destructors, 271, 274terminology, 265

580

Inde

xIndex


MySQL Administrator, 112–115remote server connections, 422running scripts, 424–425, 431Terminal application, 400, 421testing CLI installation on, 421

macros, 415“magic” constants, 465Magic Quotes, 189mail. See emailMail class, 469–471mail() function, 124, 469–471Mail_Mime class, 469, 471, 474Mail_Mime package, 469–479main() method, 397main module, 66–69main page, 62–65main_quit() method, 397make_list() function, 23, 24, 35markup language, 530, 531max-age directive, 75maxfilesize rule, 462maxlength rule, 462MCrypt application, 157–167MCrypt library, 157MCRYPT_DEV_RANDOM function, 158mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size() function, 158mcrypt_end_get_key_size() function, 163mcrypt_module_open() function, 158MCRYPT_RAND function, 158MD5() function, 149, 158–161, 163MD5() method, 154mdecrypt_generic() function, 164, 166member access, 281–288META tags, 80metadata, 171, 175meta-properties, 45methods

abstract, 300–307access control, 281–288accessibility of, 281–288addAttachment(), 478addAttribute(), 556addBcc(), 470addCc(), 470addChild(), 556

Kkeys

associating buttons with, 398foreign, 9, 175, 176, 182primary, 9, 83, 88, 149, 173–178

keywords, 110, 300

Llabels, 395, 456Last-Modified header, 74–75, 79LDAP port, 355lettersonly rule, 462libmcrypt, 157libraries

GD, 135MCrypt, 157PHP, 345SimpleXML, 557SPL, 345zlib, 374–376

libxml parser, 548link element type, 456links

categories as, 194“Log Out,” 93–95product catalog, 205–211to shopping cart, 210

LOAD DATA INFILE query, 98local variables, 110login functionality, 144–156logout functionality, 93–95, 154logout() method, 154loops

for, 73, 122, 519foreach, 362, 413, 427, 560infinite, 18parsed files, 554, 559while, 121, 413, 511

< entity, 536Lynx browser, 399

MMac OS X

binary files and, 382

581

IndexIndex


open(), 495, 513, 523overloading, 280overriding, 277–281print_var(), 284, 285, 288run(), 455send(), 523set_, 250setAdvancedSecurity(), 156setAuthData(), 156set_default_size(), 394set_size(), 245, 247, 248, 255set_title(), 394show(), 397show_all(), 397start(), 154static, 295–299testing, 455timeElapsed(), 445, 449toString(), 311, 318update_item(), 333, 335, 345visibility of, 281–288

Microsoft Script Debugger, 527Microsoft.XMLHTTP object, 494mimetype rule, 462minlength rule, 462modularity, 49–73, 234month menu, 456Msxml2.XMLHTTP object, 494multidimensional arrays, 2–24must-revalidate directive, 75my_error_handler() function, 189MySQL

authentication, 145–149, 152connecting to. See database connectionsdatabase access, 83database creation, 10–11distance calculation, 104–109errors. See errorsimporting data, 98joins, 102stored functions, 110–115versions, 81, 183

MySQL Administrator, 112, 113mysql client, 111MySQL GUI Tools package, 112

addHTMLImage(), 476–477, 479add_item(), 333–334, 344addRule(), 461–467addUser(), 145applyFilter(), 461–463, 468arguments, 235, 240, 300, 301asXML(), 561attach(), 395call(), 280checkAuth(), 145, 154within classes, 235close(), 326connect_simple(), 386, 390, 398construct(), 251–252, 255, 271delete_item(), 335–336display(), 445, 466–468display_cart(), 346do(), 244encodeURIComponent(), 499escape(), 499Exception class, 311factory(), 470–471, 474fopen(), 362fsockopen(), 356–362get(), 451, 470get_area(), 248, 301, 304getAuth(), 150getCode(), 311get_count(), 298getFile(), 311getMessage(), 311, 315get_perimeter(), 304getProfiling(), 445getRecord(), 364getTrace(), 311getTraceAsString(), 311headers(), 470hide(), 397is_empty(), 333logout(), 154main(), 397main_quit(), 397MD5(), 154names, 243OOP, 277–281, 300–307

582

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xIndex


SKU, 172, 178, 182type specifiers, 37

numeric rule, 462numeric sorts, 2–7

Oob_gzhandler() function, 80Object Browser, 405object type hinting, 319object-oriented programming. See OOPobjects

ActiveXObject, 492–494COM, 410creating, 240–243, 492deleting, 240, 242, 249, 259Microsoft.XMLHTTP, 494Msxml2.XMLHTTP, 494.NET, 415OOP, 234$this attribute, 244–250XMLHttpRequest, 492–496

octal integer, 37onblur() event, 500onchange() event, 500onclick() event, 521onfocus() event, 500onload() event, 500onreadystatechange property, 495onreset() event, 500onsubmit() event, 500OOP (object-oriented programming),

233–346abstract classes/methods, 300–307access control, 281–288advanced techniques, 263–308autoloading classes, 260–262cart class, 340–346constructors, 251–255creating objects, 240–243defining classes, 235–239design patterns, 235destructors, 256–259errors, 234, 310, 327exceptions. See exceptionsinheritance. See inheritance

MySQL Improved extension, 14, 183, 489MySQL users, 145mysqli_real_escape_string() function, 88,

189, 468, 490

N\\n (newline), 124, 423, 427, 438name attribute, 288name element, 458name fields, 140, 464name_sort() function, 26nested items

conditionals, 310tasks, 19, 24to-do lists, 8–17XML elements, 532, 534

.NET objects, 415Net_Geo PEAR class, 363Net_GeoIP PEAR class, 363networking, 347–372

cURL utility, 368–372IP geolocation, 363–367PEAR and, 354sockets, working with, 355–362Web site access, 348–354

network-related classes, 354new keyword, 240newline (\n), 124, 423, 427, 438NMTOKEN type, 542NMTOKENS type, 542no-cache directive, 75nodes, 499nonzero rule, 462nopunctuation rule, 462normalization, 172, 173, 176NULL values, 99, 176, 510number() function, 228numbers

binary, 37–38character type functions, 127floating-point, 37–38, 98, 438–442formatting, 37–38hexidecimal, 127integers, 37–38ISBN, 182

583

IndexIndex


PHP, 548, 550–555SAX, 548, 561SimpleXML, 556–561

parse_url() function, 355–356parsing XML, 548–561pass value, 356passthru() function, 415password element type, 456password elements, 460password field, 465password input, 456passwords. See also authentication

email, 131encrypted, 149, 154input, 456rules, 465validating, 131, 465

path value, 356paths, 82, 359patterns, design, 235payments, credit card, 224–232PayPal, 530#PCDATA type, 541pclose() function, 415pcntl (process control) extension, 440PEAR (PHP Extension and Application

Repository), 443–479errors, 446, 461, 464installing, 446networking and, 354

PEAR HTML_AJAX package, 518PEAR Net_Geo class, 363PEAR packages

Auth, 143–156Benchmark, 444–456Cache/Cache_Lite, 80Console_Getargs, 436Console_Getopt, 436described, 443HTML_AJAX, 518HTML_QuickForm, 456–468installing, 446Mail_Mime, 469–479Text_CAPTCHA, 135

PECL (PHP Extension Code Library), 80

object type hinting, 319overriding methods, 277–281performance and, 234pros and cons, 234real-world uses of, 309–346scope resolution (::) operator, 289–293shopping cart class, 328–339static class attributes, 294–299theories, advanced, 264–265theories, basic, 233–262$this attribute, 244–250versions, 233visibility, 281–288

OOP classesabstract, 300–307autoloading, 260–262considerations, 234defining, 235–239

open() function, 523“open” function, 84open() method, 495, 513, 523Open Source Web Design, 58, 190$operator variable, 392–393operators, 398optimizing joins, 102or symbol (|), 541Oracle database, 83order_contents table, 172, 173, 175orders table, 171, 172, 175“out” clause, 18overloading methods, 280overriding methods, 277–281

Ppadding specifier, 37page caching, 80parent classes, 264–270parent keyword, 289parent_id attribute, 9parent_id value, 10, 14parse errors, 32, 422parsers

described, 548DOM, 548, 556–561Expat, 548, 549–551, 555

584

Inde

xIndex


POST data, 370, 372POST method, 135POST requests, 523, 526PostgreSQL database, 83Pragma header, 75precision specifier, 37primary keys, 9, 83, 88, 149, 173–178printf() function, 37–38, 398, 441printing

array items, 21categories as links, 194error messages, 56items in cart, 222with printf(), 37–38, 398, 441with print_r(), 6, 93with print_var(), 284, 285, 288with sprintf(), 38, 39–42, 490with vprintf(), 42

print_r() function, 6, 93print_var() method, 284, 285, 288private directive, 75process control (pcntl) extension, 440product catalog, 205–211product ID, 172, 208, 213–219, 344, 345product page, 205–211product tables, 172, 177, 178products. See also widgets

adding to shopping cart, 217, 218,333–334, 344

browsing by category, 199–204calculating prices, 221deleting in shopping cart, 219, 223,

335–336displaying in shopping cart, 219–223displaying online, 205–211invalid ID, 211names, 209out-of-stock, 210printing items in cart, 222retrieving information about, 217updating in shopping cart, 218–223, 333,

335, 345, 346properties, 235, 281–288. See also specific

propertiesprotected variable, 286

PECL Filter, 136–142PECL json package, 507percent sign (%), 37, 42performance

client/server, 80functions, 452–455OOP and, 234

permissionscrontab file, 401directories, 378, 380–381files, 314, 315, 348, 381

PHPaccessing Web sites with, 348–354distance calculation, 103errors. See error messages; errorsnetworking with, 347–372parsing XML with, 548, 550–555testing, 491, 524–527using COM with, 404–415versions, 81, 418

PHP CLI help file, 418, 420, 421PHP CLI man page, 421PHP Coding Standard, 46php executable, 403, 430.php extension, 48, 424, 565PHP Extension and Application Repository.

See PEARPHP Extension Code Library. See PECLPHP files, 199, 400–401PHP Library, 345PHP scripts. See scriptsPHP tags, 48, 555phpDocumentor, 46PHP-GTK, 385–398, 427PHP-GTK Web site, 385phpinfo() scripts, 125, 157, 374php.ini file, 406, 424phpMyAdmin, 10–11, 97, 174pipes, 415plus sign (+), 541polymorphism, 264–265POP port, 355popen() function, 415port value, 356ports, 355, 359

585

IndexIndex


register_globals, 124registerRule() function, 465registration forms

creating with Ajax, 484–505creating with HTML_QuickForm, 456–468default form values, 461filtering data, 461–465processing data, 466–468validating (Ajax), 484, 488–489, 499validating (QuickForm), 128–131, 138–139

regular expressions, 124, 126, 131, 132Remote Procedure Calls (RPC), 530remote servers, 422renderers, 460Representational State Transfer (REST), 530required rule, 462require_once() function, 241, 243reset button, 456reset element type, 456responseText attribute, 513, 517responseText property, 495, 496, 525responseXML property, 495REST (Representational State Transfer), 530return_distance() function, 114, 507RETURNS clause, 111Rico software, 518Rijndael algorithm, 158root element, 532, 534–535, 562root folder, 54routines, stored, 110–115rows, 116–122, 395, 413RPC (Remote Procedure Calls), 530RSS (Really Simple Syndication), 562–568RSS feeds, 529, 562–568rtrim() function, 164Ruby technology, 518rules

adding to form elements, 461–467email addresses, 462, 464, 465error messages, 464passwords, 465validation, 461–465

run() method, 455

proxy servers, 74proxy-revalidate directive, 75public directive, 75public variables, 285punctuation, 127PuTTY application, 422

Qquery results

displaying horizontally, 116–122reporting on, 15sent to browser, 8

query value, 356question mark (?), 541QuickForms. See HTML_QuickForm

package" entity, 536quotation marks (“), 284, 444, 445–455quote marks (‘), 444, 445–455

R\r (carriage returns), 124r mode, 374r+ mode, 374radio button, 456radio element type, 456rangelength rule, 462Ray, Arpad, 518read access, 374“read” function, 84readgzfile() function, 375readyState property, 495, 496, 498, 499Really Simple Syndication. See RSSrecords. See also databases

adding to database, 101, 178–181, 485–486backing up, 375–384displaying horizontally, 116–122retrieving, 379, 384, 413

Rectangle class, 246–250Rectangle example, 244–250recursive functions, 18–24references, 30regex rule, 462

586

Inde

xIndex


semicolon (;), 111send() method, 523serialized arrays, 89server requests, 80, 482, 496servers, 373–415

Ajax and, 482, 496Apache, 424cron utility, 399–401file compression, 374–384IIS (Internet Information Server), 424live vs. test, 53, 54, 187local, 53multiple, 82PHP and, 373PHP-GTK, 385–398proxy, 74remote, 422running commands on, 125, 415scheduling tasks (Mac OS X), 399, 400–401scheduling tasks (Unix), 399–401scheduling tasks (Windows), 402–403SMTP, 469using COM with PHP, 404–415

server-side caching, 80server-side validation, 462, 466server-specific constants, 53–54, 187$_SESSION array, 88, 89session caching, 80session data, 82–95, 125session directory, 82, 125session functions, 84–90session handlers, 91–95session ID, 83, 88session table, 82session.auto_start function, 90session_cache_limit() function, 80session_destroy() function, 89sessions

arguments, 84caching, 80closing, 94deleting, 89opening, 88security, 82storing in databases, 82–95

SSafari browser, 527, 531SAJAX software, 518salutation element, 458SAX (Simple API for XML), 548SAX parsers, 548, 561scalar values, 111scanf() function, 42Scheduled Tasks (Windows), 402–403schema, 540, 546scheme value, 356scientific notation, 37scope resolution (::) operator, 289–293script.aculo.us, 518scripts. See also code

Ajax examples, 487–490, 507–512benchmarking, 444–450CLI. See CLI scriptscomments, 44–46phpinfo(), 125, 157, 374running (Mac OS X), 424–425, 431running (Unix systems), 424–425, 431running (Windows), 403, 424–425,

429–430testing, 491, 524–527time limits for, 362, 406–407

search module, 70–73security, 123–167. See also authentication;

passwordsbasics, 124–125captcha test, 135database connections, 422encryption, 149, 154, 157–167frameworks and, 72mail abuses, 124MCrypt, 157–167modularization and, 64, 65PEAR Auth package, 143–156session storage and, 82setAdvancedSecurity() method, 156validating forms, 126–135

select element type, 456select menu, 456self keyword, 289

587

IndexIndex


signals, 440signature, 280signed integer, 38Simple API for XML (SAX), 548, 561simple authentication, 144–150SimpleXML, 556–561sizes table, 172, 177, 179SKU numbers, 172, 178, 182slash (/), 189sleep() function, 269Smarty system, 58s-maxage directive, 75SMTP port, 355SMTP server, 469SOAP, 530sockets, 355–362sorting, 2–7, 26, 28specific_widgets table, 173, 178–181, 196SPL (Standard PHP Library), 345sprintf() function, 38, 39–42, 490SQL injection attacks, 125SQLite database, 83srand() function, 158SSH application, 422SSH port, 355SSL port, 355Standard Generalized Markup Language

(SGML), 529standard input (STDIN) constant,

437–439, 442standard integer, 37Standard PHP Library (SPL), 345start() method, 154static class attributes, 294–299static element type, 456static keyword, 294static members, 294–299static methods, 295–299static statement, 25–29static variables, 25–29, 294status property, 495, 496, 499stdClass class, 239STDIN (standard input) constant, 437–439, 442stored functions, 110–115stored routines, 110–115

sessions table, 83session_save_path() function, 82session_set_save_handler() function, 84,

90, 91session_start() function, 90, 93session_write_close() function, 91, 94, 95set_ method, 250setAdvancedSecurity() method, 156setAuthData() method, 156set_default_size() method, 394set_display() function, 391–392, 396setlocale() function, 127setMarker() function, 445–449set_number() function, 392–393, 396set_operator() function, 396set_size() method, 245, 247, 248, 255set_time_limit() function, 362, 406–407set_title() method, 394SGML (Standard Generalized Markup

Language), 529SHA() function, 174, 485shebang line, 424–425shell scripting, 417shell_exec() function, 368, 415shopping cart

adding items to, 217, 218, 333–334, 344calculating item prices, 221deleting items in, 219, 223, 335–336displaying contents, 219–223,

337–339, 346HTML form for, 337–339links to, 210printing items in, 222retrieving product information, 217templates, 190, 191–196updating items in, 218–223, 333, 335,

345, 346shopping cart application, 212–223shopping cart class, 328–339shopping cart page, 213–223show() method, 397show_all() method, 397show_login_form() function, 154show_stores() function, 517–519sign specifier (+/-), 37

588

Inde

xIndex


specific_widgets, 173, 178–181, 196stores, 100–102testing, 11zip code, 96–99

task attribute, 9task_id attribute, 9, 10tasks

adding to arrays, 23adding to database, 12–18nested to-do lists, 8–17recursion and, 18–24scheduling (Mac OS X), 399–401scheduling (Unix), 399–401scheduling (Windows), 402–403

Telnet port, 355templates

applications, 190–196e-commerce example, 190–196HTML, 58–61shopping cart, 190, 191–196Web pages, 58–61

temporary directory, 82Terminal application, 400, 421testing

Ajax applications, 504–505captcha test, 135CLI installation (Mac/Unix), 421CLI installation (Windows), 419–420code snippets, 422–423methods, 455PHP scripts, 491, 524–527scripts, 491, 524–527tables, 11validate() test, 466

text blocks, 456text boxes, 456text element type, 456text input, 456textarea element type, 456textarea field, 456$this attribute, 244–250$this variable, 245–246throw syntax, 311time

current, 378

stores table, 100–102strcasecmp() function, 6, 352strcmp() function, 3strings

formatting, 38heredoc syntax, 31–36specifiers, 37user input, 438XML, 561

strip_tags() function, 125strtolower() function, 553subclass constructors, 272–275subclasses, 265, 276, 288, 298submit button, 456, 457, 460, 516, 520submit element type, 456superclass, 265switch case, 64switch conditional, 64–65, 238, 324synchronous transactions, 483system() function, 415

Ttables

addresses, 182backing up, 375–384categories, 172, 176–178, 193, 194colors, 172, 176, 179columns, 83, 98–100, 102, 413compression, 374–384creating with CREATE TABLE, 10, 151–152,

174–178creating with GTK, 394–395creating with HTML, 116, 457customers, 171, 174, 182general_widgets, 173, 177–180joining, 102metadata, 171, 175order, 171, 172, 175order_contents, 172, 173, 175populating, 173, 178–180, 486product, 172, 177, 178retrieving, 379, 411sessions, 83sizes, 172, 177, 179

589

IndexIndex


redirects, 348running applications through, 524unable to open, 352validating, 355–362

user events, 386, 397user input, 438–442user value, 356usernames

checking availability of, 485–505registered, 491

usersadding, 145, 149events, 386, 397finding location of, 363–367input, 438–442MySQL, 145

usort() function, 3, 6UTF-8 characters, 499

Vvalidate() test, 466validation

categories, 202client-side, 462, 464, 465–466conditionals, 202–204credit card, 224–232email addresses, 131, 462errors, 133form data (Ajax), 461–465form data (QuickForm), 128–131, 138–139passwords, 131, 465product ID, 208rules, 461–465server-side, 462, 466URL, 355–362usernames, 485–505

var keyword, 493variable scope, 498variables

checking values of, 525checking with JavaScript alerts, 525commands and, 125commenting, 45$debug, 54declaring, 110

elapsed, 445, 449script time limits, 362, 406–407

time zones, 228timeElapsed() method, 445, 449Timer class, 445–450timers, 445–450timestamp, 76, 78, 83, 175, 423TINYINT keyword, 102to-do list, 8–17toString() method, 311, 318transactions

Ajax, 482, 483, 494synchronous vs. asynchronous, 483

tree-based parsers, 548, 559Triangle class, 302–307trigger_error() function, 189trim() function, 462try block, 311, 314, 318try statement, 310try...catch blocks, 310, 311, 315, 318, 410type hinting, 319type specifiers, 37

Uuasort() function, 3, 6uksort() function, 3Uniform Resource Indicators (URIs), 540Uniform Resource Locators. See URLsUnix servers, 399–401Unix-based systems

binary files and, 382cron utility, 399–401remote server connections, 422running scripts, 424–425, 431Terminal application, 400, 421testing CLI installation on, 421

UNIX_TIMESTAMP() function, 78unserialize() function, 343unsigned decimal integer, 37update_item() method, 333, 335, 345uploadedfile rule, 462URIs (Uniform Resource Indicators), 540URL links, 456URLs (Uniform Resource Locators)

information passed via, 135

590

Inde

xIndex


Safari, 531Wget, 399XML and, 531

Web pagesAjax applications, 482–528caching in, 74–80home page, 69, 197–198HTML templates, 58–61login functionality, 144–156logout functionality, 93–95opening, 355, 369–372ports, 355posting data to, 369–372product page, 205–211shopping cart page, 213–223titles, 60updates to, 482–483

Web port, 355Web Services Description Language

(WSDL), 530Web sites. See also specific Web sites

accessing with PHP, 348–354authentication system, 143–156companion site to book, 170distance calculations on, 96–109e-commerce home page, 197–198home page, 69, 197–198HTML templates, 58–61modularizing, 49–73reading data from, 348–354sessions, 82structure, 48

Wget browser, 399WHERE clause, 106while loop, 121, 413, 511white space, 44, 48, 533white space characters, 127widget ID, 343widgets, 385–386. See also productsWidgetShoppingCart class, 329–339, 340–346$window variable, 394Windows Vista systems, 420Windows XP systems, 410, 419–420Windows-based systems

binary files and, 382

filtering, 136–142flag, 202global, 25, 55, 137, 391–394included files and, 125initializing, 124local, 110names, 45, 110, 196$operator, 392–393passing by reference, 30protected, 286public, 285static, 25–29, 294$this, 245–246vs. attributes, 236$window, 394

Venkman debugger, 527visibility, 234, 236, 265, 281–288Visual Basic editor, 404, 405vprintf() function, 42

Ww mode, 374w+ mode, 374W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), 530Web applications, 43–80. See also applications

caching and, 74–80code style/structure, 47–48configuration files, 50–57content modules, 66–69documenting code, 44–46HTML templates, 58–61index page, 62–65main module, 66–69main page, 62–65modularization and, 49–73search modules, 70–73

Web browsersAjax applications, 482–528caching Web pages, 74–80Firefox, 493, 526, 527, 531, 565history feature, 528Internet Explorer, 74, 492, 526, 527, 531Lynx, 399query results sent to, 8RSS feeds, 562–568

591

IndexIndex


browser-viewable, 531comments in, 533creating, 531, 534–535examples, 532–535nested elements in, 534structure of, 532valid, 544well-formed, 544white space and, 533

XML elements, 530, 536–539XML prolog, 532XML Schema, 546XML strings, 561XML tags, 48, 530–534, 555XMLHttpRequest object, 492–496, 513xml_parse() function, 549xml_parse_create() function, 549, 554xml_parse_free() function, 549xml_set_character_data_handler()

function, 549xml_set_element_hander() function, 549XPath language, 561XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language

Transformation), 555

YYahoo!, 530y-coordinates, 396year menu, 456Yeung, Anthony, 58

ZZCTA (Zip Code Tabulation Areas), 96Zend, 72, 80Zend Framework, 354Zend Optimizer, 80zip code search example, 506–522zip code table, 96–99Zip Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTA), 96zip codes, 96–109zips database, 96–109, 507–521zlib library, 374–376zlib tool, 80, 374–376, 382

Component Object Module (COM), 404–415MySQL Administrator, 112–113, 114remote server connections, 422running scripts, 403, 424–425, 429–430Scheduled Tasks, 402–403testing CLI installation on, 419–420

Word documents, 404workbooks, Excel, 405, 406–415World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 530write access, 374“write” function, 84write_session() function, 94WriteToFile class, 326WSDL (Web Services Description

Language), 530

Xx mode, 374XAJAX software, 518x-coordinates, 395, 396XHTML, 483, 529, 550XML (Extensible Markup Language),

529–568Ajax and, 481, 483attributes, 536–539browsers and, 531Document Type Definitions, 540–547empty elements, 536–539entities, 536–539naming conventions, 533overview, 529, 530–531parsing with Expat, 548, 549–551, 555parsing with PHP, 548, 550–555parsing with SimpleXML, 556–561purpose of, 530RSS feeds, 562–568syntax, 532–535versions, 532vs. HTML, 125white space and, 533XPath language, 561

XML data, 531, 544, 555, 556XML documents

associating DTDs with, 540–547

592

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PHP 5 Advanced: Visual QuickPro Guide (ISBN 0-321-37601-3) © … · 2009. 6. 9. · ; (semicolon),...

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Transcript of PHP 5 Advanced: Visual QuickPro Guide (ISBN 0-321-37601-3) © … · 2009. 6. 9. · ; (semicolon),...