Photosynthesis
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Transcript of Photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis
Chapter 8
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Fig. 10-4
Photosynthesis
• http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp08/0802001.html
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Energy in Living Systems
• Autotrophs –
• Heterotrophs -
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Chemical Energy
• Energy from the sun must be converted to chemical energy for cells.
• ATP
• ADP
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ATP and ADP
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Uses of ATP
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Uses of ATP
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Comparing ATP to Glucose
• Why do cells not store all of their energy in ATP compounds?
• Coins vs. Bills
• Glucose stores 90 times the energy of ATP.
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Photosynthesis
What must be taken into the leaf for photosynthesis to occur?
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Equation for Photosynthesis
The light energy for photosynthesis is gathered by the pigment chlorophylfound in the cholorplasts of plant cells.
light Calvin lightCalvin
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These leaf openings are stomata. What is the function of stomata?
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Two main types of Chlorophyl
• Chlorophyl a – absorbs light mostly in the blue-violet and red regions
• Chlorophyl b – absorbs light in the blue and red regions
• Why do leaves
look green? Clorophyl a
Chlorophyl b
Carotene
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Where does photosynthesis take place?
• Chloroplasts
Granum
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An overview of photosynthesis
• What are the products of the light-dependent reaction?
•What are the products of the light-dependent reaction?
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An Overview of Photosynthesis
• What are the products of the Calvin Cycle?
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Electron Carriers
• When sunlight excites electrons in chlorophyll –electrons gain much energy– These electrons require carriers
• They accept 2 high energy electrons
– These carriers transport the electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules
• Carrier molecules– NADP+ accepts 2 high energy electrons and a H+ and is
converted to NADPH • The bonds formed traps energy from sunlight in chemical form.
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Pod Cast
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g78utcLQrJ4
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Electron Transport Chain
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Products of the ETC
• The electron transport chain produces:– Oxygen from the breakdown of water– NADPH from NADP+ and H+ (+energy from
electrons)– ATP from ADP in the ATP synthase protein as
H+ pass from one side of the thylakoid membrane to the other
– The NADPH and ATP are used in the Calvin Cycle
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Calvin Cycle
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Products of the Calvin Cycle
• 6 Carbon Dioxide molecules from the atmosphere are used to make 1 6-carbon sugar molecule.
• The energy from ATP is used and leaves ADP
• The high-energy electrons from NADPH are used and leaves NADP+
• ATP and NADP+ are recycled in the ETC
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Factors Affecting Rate of Photosynthesis
• Water
• Temperature– Enzymes used in photosynthesis function
best between 0 and 35 degrees Celsius.
• Light intensity