Phobias: a Reasearch by Hamza Moatsim Billah

7/29/2019 Phobias: a Reasearch by Hamza Moatsim Billah

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Phobias

Hamza Moatsim Billah


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What is a Phobia?

The un-relenting fear of a

situation,activity or a thing

Phobia sufferers find ways to avoid the

situations of which they are phobic


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Phobia types

Social phobia

Agoraphobia

Specific phobias ( fear of particularitems, situations)


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Objectives of study

Impact of specific phobia with childhood,

parental loss ,and stressful life events

The coexistence of phobia and major

depressive disorders

Impact of phobia on health related quality of

life


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Research done before

National epidemiologic survey on alcoholand related conditions(2001-2002), nationalrepresentative survey of the noninstitutionized US household

population

8205 respondents aged 65 and aboveparticipated

Psychiatric disorders, obesity, health service

utilization were measured International research journal of arts&

Humanities(IRJAH)Vol.37


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Results

Current and life time phobias were4.51% and6.05%

Analysis showed specific phobia was morecommon in young groups who reportedstressful life events

Major Depressive disorders (MDDs) wererelated to Lower health-related quality of life


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Research conclusion

Study supports the notion that

specific phobia has a strong

impact on quality of life in old age


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Variables

Following are the dependant and

independent variables for research

Specific phobia (independent variable) , risk ofpsychopathology among young women (Dependant

variable)

Examination Phobia in students (Independent

variable) , risk of bad papers (dependant variable) Snake fear(Independent variable) , Increase in

blood pressure (Dependant variable)


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Hypothesis on students

Null hypothesis:

no problem faced by students at

secondary level due to fear ofexamination

No causes related to fear of

examination in students at secondary

level

( research follows the theory of Mandler and Sarason 1952)


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Theory for hypothesis

theory of Mandler and sarason (1952)

Examination fear is debilitated andperformance of highly anxious person islowered in the examination situation. The

anxious individual worries during

examinations and may even engage in Day

dreaming to some extent. As a result

concentration can be seriously affected.

(Mandler and sarason, 1953)


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Delimitation of the study

Female students of secondary schools

of public sectors Lahore city

Students were asked to give their view

about the phobias they suffer


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Questionnaire findings

if you have specific phobia, you feel

humiliated in a social gathering

Not able to work as constantly haunted byfear and tension

Specific phobia is discerned in people of all

ages. It is most seen occurring b/w 15 to 20

years of age often in childhood years


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Observational finding

Phobia has hereditary source and

is equally discerned both in men

and women


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Treatments

Cannot be treated by the use of drugs

Exposure Therapy (branch of cognitive

Behavioral Therapy) is even not bestoption to manage Phobic conditions.

This method involves a lot of mental

pain Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

(SSRI)


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Side effects of treatments

Dry mouth

Nausea

Trouble sleeping

Blurred vision

More depressed persons try tosuicide/homicide


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Preventing phobias

Prevention programs involveeducating people, their loved ones

Individuals like childrens teachershave been found to be effective to

prevent phobias to occur in firstplace


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How can people cope with

phobias? Talking about their fears

Imagining themselves facing their fears

(VISUALIZATION)

Making positive statements like I will

be OK

Self help approaches combined with

brief psychotherapy can help people to

achieve improvement in symptoms


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What do Psychology say?

Specific Psychological set up has been developed in

Phobic persons

Psychological setup does not work welland can not help get rid of phobia

Psychology says that changing our

mental constructs and avoidingirritational fears help us fight it


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Conclusion

Phobia are associated with anxiety

disorders

Mental health disorders likeschizophrenia develop

Panic disorders like (GAD) develops

Anxiety disorders may be the side effect

of various medications


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References

from the articles of phobic responses to

masked stimuli by Arne Ohman andJoaquim J.F Soares

Phobias: a Reasearch by Hamza Moatsim Billah

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