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    FFW Report onFFW Report on

    MigrationMigration

    Antonio C. Asper, Head, PSI-RPDAO-FFW and

    Precy Villacorta, Chairperson, FFW Womens!et"or#

    Philippines

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    Part I: Extent and Profile of Filipino Migration

    Stock and Flow

    Growth Rate

    Occupational Spread

    Georaphic Spread

    Profile of Migrant Workers and their

    Households

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    Stock and Flow of Filipino Overseas

    In 2007, !7"illion Filipinos were working or living in #$%co&ntries, of w'o"

    ! "#1M were te$porar% o&erseas workers 'OFWs(

    ! )#*M were per$anentl% li&ing a+road 'e$igrants(

    ! ,#-M were irregular workers 'or undocu$ented(

    ()o&t *,000 workers leave for overseas work ever+da+! 'egreater )&lk co"prises circ&lar "igrant workers!

    Source: Commission of Overseas Filipinos_IMD PB Series #1

    Deployed Overseas

    Contract Workers1991-2008 (Growth

    Rate)

    )

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    Most Filipino Migrant -orkers aree"plo+ed in low tec'nolog+ occ&pations

    Lately, there is a trend to employment of professional

    and skilled workers... "

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    In w'at occ&pations do OF-s -ork.

    Service occupations top the list, followed by production and

    related workers, then by professional and technical

    occupations.

    Source: IMD, PB Series #2

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    /

    -'ere Fe"ale OF-s -ork

    0argel% in Ser&ice as do$estic workers '-,,k( followed

    +% Sales and then +% Production workers

    Source: IMD, PB Series #1

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    /eograp'ic Spread of Filipino Migration,2007

    egion Stat&sPer"anent e"porar+ Irreg&lar otal

    frica 1-3) /-33, 13.", -,",)

    sia 4ast and South 21)*)/ *"*,/- 2.3/", 121-"".

    sia West ",32 2,../"* 1213., 2131.*-

    4urope 23"-3* ...."2 112--, -.).1-

    $ericas 5 66 2-")312 ).").2 )."3") )/.),,*

    Oceania 2")-2* 3"-2* ))1/, )/2,1"

    Sea7+ased 2//..) 2//..)

    -orld otal *,1$2,27 %,#**,$70 $00,02* ,721,20

    *Source: Commission of Overseas Filipinos

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    Profile ofOverseas Filipino -orkers 3OF-s4

    +out a third of OFWs are single 8n 2,," a+out "/9 are heads5spouses of Households 'HH(

    while )*9 are sons5daughters of HH heads

    Sea7+ased$igrant workers are $ale7do$inated: land7+ased$igrant workers are fe$ale7do$inated# Migrant workers inser&icesare $ostl% wo$en: $igrant workers in productionare$ostl% $en# 6otal $igrant workers are preponderantl% land7+ased# 6he trend is towards fe$ini;ation of $igration +othte$porar% and per$anent#

    Prior to $igration 119 of e$igrantswere e$plo%ed asprofessionals: 219 were une$plo%ed housewi&es

    Older workers are co$prising a growing share of OFWs

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    Profile of Migrant 5o&se'olds

    Sur&e% =ata in 2,,/ shows Migrant Household headsleft +ehind are /39 $ales and "29 fe$ales:

    4ducational attain$ent of Household heads left +ehind

    are $ostl% high school or college undergraduates

    Household Me$+ers left +ehind a&erage " perhousehold

    >% relationship to household heads Filipino $igrant

    workers are "/9 spouses or heads )*9 are sons or

    daughters -9 or sons or daughters in law there$ainder are ?others@

    Source: IMD, PB Series #3

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    Part II: Migration and 6evelop"entin t'e P'ilippines

    4cono$ic

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    ontri)&tion of OF-s to t'e P'il! Econo"+

    Ease &ne"plo+"ent and&nder8e"plo+"ent

    In t'e last +ears ending200, t'e+ re"it anaverage of 9S#2;illion a+earto t'e P'ilippine

    econo"+! P'ilippines is %t'

    a"ong t'e co&ntries wit')iggest inward dollarre"ittances fro" "igrantworkers

    e"ittances "ake &p $!10s and%!< in t'e >$0s

    1< of all 5o&se'oldsreceive financial s&pportfro" t'eir relatives a)road

    ed&ce povert+

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    I"pact of Migration on Povert+

    Fa"ilies wit' "igrantworkers cli") &p t'einco"e ladder ?&iterapidl+ wit'in one +earof "igrant working

    ( significant n&")er oft'ese co"e fro" poor'o&se'olds, especiall+w'en t'e "igrant

    worker possesses'ig'er ed&cation!

    Source: Ducanes and Abella !OF"s and $eir Impac onPover%&I'O

    2003

    2006

    12

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    6o 'eads of "igrant 'o&se'old still work.

    20032006

    Majority of the heads still work, a large portion (27%) of which are self-

    employed while some 10% establish family-owned small businesses and

    employ workers themselvesSource: IMD, PB Series #2

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    5ow 6ecent is Migrant -ork. On a scale of 5ig',Medi&" and @ow, O&r Perception is!!!

    6ecent -ork Indicator /lo)al @awand Practice

    =ational @awand Practice

    4$plo%$entMediu$ to

    High5ig' in A&antit+@ow to Medi&" in

    A&alit+

    Respect for Funda$entalRights and Principles atWork

    0ow 0ow

    Social Protection 0ow 0ow

    Social =ialogue Mediu$ toHigh

    Mediu$ toHigh

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    Part III: P'ilippine Polic+ Fra"ework onMigration for -ork

    Pro+le$s in Migrant Work

    Polic% Fra$ework

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    RecruitmentViolations

    Overcharging of fees

    Misrepresentation

    Contract substitutionSubmission offalsified documents

    Illegal recruitment

    Employment-RelatedProblems

    Contract violations(delayed wages)

    Pre-termination ofcontracts

    Maltreatment (verbal,physical, etc) and abuse

    Confiscation of passports

    and travel documents

    Pro)le"s Enco&ntered

    Trafcking o Persons, culture-isolation andbroken amilies plague migrant work. Latel,

    in!ol!ement in drug sndicates "a!e beenreported1/

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    P'ilippine /overn"entPolic+ Fra"ework on Migration

    Regulationlegislation '0a+or

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    onstraints to Protecting Migrant -orkers

    WorkersE 4ducation and Self7Organi;ation

    Carrowing the =e&elop$ent Gap

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    -'at "ore is needed in )ot' sendingand receiving co&ntries.

    8nfor$ed andtransparent la+our

    $igration ad$ission

    s%ste$

    Standards7+ased

    approach to $igration

    $anage$ent

    Plan of action against

    discri$ination andenopho+ia

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    Part ID: 9nioniation and 9nion (ctionson Migrant -orkers

    Glo+al Patterns of Bnion ction

    8$pro&ing 6rade Bnion Models What FFW is =oing

    What else should Bnions doA

    2,

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    -'at 9nions are doing

    @arge scale political actionand "o)iliation: e!g,postcard ca"paign,anti8racis" and xenop'o)ia

    (dvocac+for t'e

    protection of "igrantworkers

    ontin&ing large scaleorganiinga"ong "igrantworkers in t'eir workplace

    and co""&nities Organiing Barea8wide

    works co&ncilsandiss&ing Bagric&lt&rale"plo+"ent vo&c'ers

    Providing direct services for"igrant workers: legal,ed&cation and training,acco""odations,

    =egotiating collective

    )argaining agree"ents and)argaining for e?&alit+

    Prod&ction of tool kitsandfacilitating access toinfor"ation via online

    services

    &nion to &nion agree"ents)etween sending andreceiving co&ntries

    B9=I passport

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    I"proving t'e rade 9nion Models

    9nion to &nion arrange"ent, incl&ding /9Fs

    E"plo+"ent Pro"otion and &lt&ral Integrationt'ro&g' skills develop"ent and lang&age

    learning Instit&tional Social Protection pl&s &nion8)ased

    social protection sc'e"e

    egional (dvocac+: in (PE, (F(, S((

    98=/O ooperation and =etworking 6ecent -ork as an Overall Fra"ework

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    FF- Progra"s and (ctions onFilipino Migrant -orkers

    Organi;ation of co$$unities of Migrant Households

    Prosecution of Migrant workersE clai$s in adDudication

    $echanis$s

    0anguage 6raining 'Finishing course in 4nglish( d&ocacies for the protection of $igrant workersE rights and

    pro$otion of their interest and welfare

    Facilitate access to pu+lic ser&ices in training and in enroll$ent

    with the Flei Fund of the SSS

    Proposed Bnion to Bnion gree$ents in Managing the Flow ofMigrant Workers

    L &

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    UnionSending

    Country (SC)

    Union

    Receiving

    Country (RC)

    POEA

    DFA

    EB

    ITUC/GUF

    DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS

    Private to Private

    Government to GovernmentGovernment to Private

    Private to Government

    ROLE: Union (SC

    Or!ani"in! #or$er% an& mem'er%i)

    enro**ment

    Man)o#er )oo*in!+ &ata,'a%in! an&

    &o-.mentation

    S$i**% trainin!+ a%%e%%ment an&

    -ertii-ation

    Re-r.itment+ Se*e-tion+ irin! an&

    )*a-ement

    Pre,&e)art.re orientation %eminarRi!t% an& intere%t% re)re%entationPo%t,)*a-ement %ervi-e%Re)atriationRe,inte!ration

    ROLE: Union (RC

    P*a-ementRe)re%entation

    Prote-tionTrainin!+ a%%e%%ment an&

    Certii-ation

    Po%t,)*a-ement in,-o.ntr0%ervi-e%

    Re)atriation

    LA1 AND PRACTICE an& IFA%

    ROLEGovernorMe&iatorAr'iter

    FF1 Pro)o%a*: Union2Union

    De%i!n or Mana!in! De)*o0ment

    EBP3IC

    O11A

    SSS DOLE

    Private

    A!en-0(ie%

    Private

    A!en-0(ie%

    EB

    MFA

    EB

    EB

    INTERNATIONAL

    INSTRUMENTS

    DIPLOMATIC RELATIONSEm)*o0er1or$er

    Le!en&:P3IC: Pi*i))ine 3ea*t In%.ran-e Cor)oration

    O11A: Over%ea% 1or$er%4 1e*are A&mini%tration

    SSS5 So-ia* Se-.rit0 Commi%%ion

    DFA: De)artment o Forei!n Aair%

    POEA: Pi*i))ine Over%ea% Em)*o0ment A&mini%tration

    DOLE: De)artment o La'or 6 Em)*o0ment

    MFA: Mini%tr0 o Forei!n Aair%

    EB: E7.iva*ent Bo&0

    GUF: Genera* Union Fe&eration

    UN Convention% 6 Proto-o*%

    ILO Convention an& Re-ommen&ation%

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    T"ank ou

    #

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