PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF KENYAN BASMATI RICE:DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BASMATI LINES
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PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF KENYAN BASMATI RICE:DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BASMATI LINES Faith Mwende
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PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF KENYAN BASMATI RICE:DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BASMATI LINES. Faith Mwende. INTRODUCTION. Rice is the third most consumed cereal in Kenya after maize and wheat - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF KENYAN BASMATI RICE:DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BASMATI LINES
PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR
CHARACTERIZATION OF KENYAN BASMATI
RICE:DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BASMATI LINES
Faith Mwende
Rice is the third most consumed cereal in Kenya after maize and wheat
Among the rice varieties in the country, Basmati rice is highly preferred by consumers due to its flavour and palatability
In Kenya, the quality of basmati has been
declining as reflected by reduced aroma, poor grain quality and other unique characteristics
INTRODUCTION
The unique features of basmati are well preserved and maintained in their purest form in the traditional basmati varieties (Nagaraju et.al., 2002). The varieties are highly priced in both domestic and international markets.
Average height-115cm, Maximum tillers-25 per hill Thin and long stems Pale green leaves Open and long panicles Long and strong brown awns Early maturity (120 DAT) Grains are: > Golden yellow (with husk) > Light brown, long, slender, half-spindle shaped
> Elongate, non-sticky and soft to eat when
cooked > Have a pleasant and distinct aroma DUS test Guidelines manual (Rani et. al., 2006) used in
phenotypic analysis
Traditional basmati characteristics
There was need to identify the basmati variant lines with desirable qualities, which commands a higher price in the market and increase its production.
This is particularly important since many families around Mwea rely on rice as their source of livelihood.
The quality of basmati has been progressively declining as reflected by reduced aroma, poor grain quality, and lack of superior germplasm.
Limited research has been carried out on improving the basmati rice germplasm grown in Mwea rice paddies.
There was need to characterize and select the lines with desirable qualities in terms of aroma, high yield, grain quality and other consumer preferences and preserve their germplasm.
Problem statement
Many families around Mwea rely on rice farming as their source of livelihood.
This source is threatened by the continuous decline in quality and yield of the elite commercial varieties such as basmati (pishori). Rice production in Mwea has been adversely affected by lack of certified seed.
The project was carried out to characterize the basmati variant lines currently grown in Mwea and identify those with desirable traits and preserve the germplasm. Certified rice seeds will be generated and availed to farmers in order to increase yield hence income and alleviate poverty.
Justification
To carry out phenotypic and molecular characterization of selected basmati lines
To select the lines with desirable qualities for seed certification
OBJECTIVES
Phenotypic characterization was carried out in MIAD paddy fields
Molecular characterization ongoing in JKUAT
11 basmati lines (Basmati 370 and Basmati 217). 5 of them earlier charactrized
RCBD with three replications Plot size: 7m by 3m
METHODOLOGY
Phenotypic characterization
Grain quality testing
-Amylose content-Endosperm type
-Histochemical test for aroma compound
Molecular characterization (SSR and RAPD
primers)
Selection of lines with desirable characteristics
METHODOLOGY
Phenotypic characterization Quantitative data
Plant height Total tiller number, productive tillers Panicle length Filled and sterile grains per panicle 1000 grain weight Awn length
Qualitative dataLeaf colourPresence of awnsCulm habitDate of flowering
DATA COLLECTION
Data was analyzed using SAS software
DATA ANALYSIS
RESULTS-Plant height
•V1L2 and V2L1 were taller than all other lines •V1L4 was significantly shorter than other lines
CONTROL
V1L1 V1L2 V1L3 V1L4 V1L5 V1L6 V1L7 VIL8 V2L1 V2L2 V2L3105
110
115
120
125
130
LINES
PLA
NT H
EIG
HT (
CM
)
VI= Basmati 370
V2= Basmati 217
RESULTS-Total tillers
CONTROL
V1L1 V1L2 V1L3 V1L4 V1L5 V1L6 V1L7 VIL8 V2L1 V2L2 V2L305
101520253035404550
LINES
TIL
LER
NU
MB
ER
VI= Basmati 370
V2= Basmati 217
•V1L4 had the highest number of tillers while V1L1 and V2L3 lowest number of tillers
RESULTS-Productive tillers
•V1L2 and V1L4 had the highest number of productive tillers•V1L1 had the lowest number of productive tillers
CONTROL
V1L1 V1L2 V1L3 V1L4 V1L5 V1L6 V1L7 VIL8 V2L1 V2L2 V2L30
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
LINES
TIL
LER
NU
MB
ER
VI= Basmati 370
V2= Basmati 217
RESULTS-Panicle length
VIL2 and V1L5 had significantly longer panicles while V1L4 had shorter panicles
CONTROL
V1L1 V1L2 V1L3 V1L4 V1L5 V1L6 V1L7 VIL8 V2L1 V2L2 V2L319.5
20
20.5
21
21.5
22
22.5
23
23.5
24
24.5
LINES
PA
NIC
LE L
EN
GTH
(C
M)
VI= Basmati 370
V2= Basmati 217
RESULTS-Total grains per panicle
CONTROL
V1L1 V1L2 V1L3 V1L4 V1L5 V1L6 V1L7 VIL8 V2L1 V2L2 V2L30
10
20
30
40
50
60
LINES
NU
MB
ER
OF G
RA
INS
VI= Basmati 370
V2= Basmati 217
VIL3 and V1L8 had the highest number of grains per panicle while V1L4 had the least number of grains per panicle
RESULTS- Filled grains per panicle
CONTROL
V1L1 V1L2 V1L3 V1L4 V1L5 V1L6 V1L7 VIL8 V2L1 V2L2 V2L30
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
LINES
NU
MB
ER
OF G
RA
INS
VI= Basmati 370
V2= Basmati 217
VIL3 and V1L8 had the highest number of filled grains per panicle while V1L4 had the least number of filled grains per panicle
RESULTS-1000 grain weight
CONTROL
V1L1 V1L2 V1L3 V1L4 V1L5 V1L6 V1L7 VIL8 V2L1 V2L2 V2L30
5
10
15
20
25
LINES
1000
GR
AIN
WEIG
HT (
G)
VI= Basmati 370
V2= Basmati 217
•VIL2, V1L5,V1L6 and V1L8 had high 1000grain weight, with V1L2 having the highest•V1L3,V1L4 and V2L1 had the least 1000-grain weight
RESULTS- Yield
CONTROL
V1L1 V1L2 V1L3 V1L4 V1L5 V1L6 V1L7 VIL8 V2L1 V2L2 V2L30
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
LINES
YIE
LD
(K
G/H
A)
VI= Basmati 370
V2= Basmati 217
•VIL2 and V1L8 had the most yields•V1L4 had the least yield
RESULTS-Morphological characteristics
TREATMENT
Leaf blade
(intensity of green colour)
Chlorophyll content
Leaf blade (anthocyanin colouration)
Culm habit
Flag leaf attitude
1st flo
wering (DAT)
Awn length (mm)
Grain length (mm)
Grain width (mm)
V1L1 Light 35.7 Absent Erect Semi-erect 66 16 10 2 V1L2 Light 38.3 Absent Erect Semi-erect 81 20 10 2 V1L3 Light 28.9 Absent Erect Semi-erect 82 15 10 2 V1L4 Light 36.4 Absent Erect Semi-erect 81 19 10 2 V1L5 Medium 42.0 Absent Erect Semi-erect 72 20 10 3 V1L6 Light 38.2 Absent Erect Semi-erect 80 20 10 2 V1L7 Light 38.4 Absent Erect Semi-erect 79 23 10 2 V1L8 Light 38.0 Absent Erect Semi-erect 77 21 9 2 V2L1 Light 32.6 Absent Erect Semi-erect 74 20 9 2 V2L2 Light 32.8 Absent Erect Semi-erect 77 21 10 2 V2L3 Light 32.4 Absent Erect Semi-erect 80 19 10 2
CONTROL Light 40.9 Absent Erect Semi-erect 74 20 10 2
V1L1V1L3
CONTROL
•Early flowering in V1L1 •Light green leaves in V1L3
Some lines maintained characteristics: -V1L1- Early flowering -V1L2- High yields -VIL3- Light green leaves
V1L2 and V1L8 were superior to the control and other lines in yields and 1000-grain weight
V1L1 though early flowering was low yielding
DISCUSSION
Some variant lines had superior qualities to the control
.CONCLUSION
NIB
JKUAT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
THANK YOU
