Phase Equilibria: Solubility Limit
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Phase Equilibria: Solubility Limit Sucrose/Water Phase Diagram Pure Sugar Temperature (°C) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Co =Composition (wt% sugar) L (liquid solution i.e., syrup) Solubility Limit L (liquid) + S (solid sugar) 20 40 60 80 100 Pure Water
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Sucrose/Water Phase Diagram. 10. 0. Solubility. L. Limit. 8. 0. (liquid). 6. 0. +. L. Temperature (°C). S. (liquid solution. 4. 0. i.e., syrup). (solid. 20. sugar). 0. 20. 40. 60. 80. 100. Co. =Composition (wt% sugar). Sugar. Water. Pure. Pure. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Phase Equilibria: Solubility Limit
Phase Equilibria: Solubility Limit
Sucrose/Water Phase Diagram
Pu
re
Su
gar
Tem
per
atu
re (
°C)
0 20 40 60 80 100Co=Composition (wt% sugar)
L (liquid solution
i.e., syrup)
Solubility Limit L
(liquid)
+ S
(solid sugar)20
40
60
80
100
Pu
re
Wat
er
Components and Phases
Aluminum-CopperAlloy
(darker phase)
(lighter phase)
Effect of T & Composition (Co)
70 80 1006040200
Tem
pera
ture
(°C
)
Co =Composition (wt% sugar)
L (liquid solution
i.e., syrup)
20
100
40
60
80
0
L (liquid)
+ S
(solid sugar)
water-sugarsystem
Phase Diagrams
• PhaseDiagramfor Cu-Nisystem
wt% Ni20 40 60 80 10001000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600T(°C)
L (liquid)
(FCC solid solution)
L + liquidus
solid
us
wt% Ni20 40 60 80 10001000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600T(°C)
L (liquid)
(FCC solid
solution)
L +
liquidus
solid
us
Cu-Niphase
diagram
Phase Diagrams:Number and types of phases
wt% Ni
20
1200
1300
T(°C)
L (liquid)
(solid)L +
liquidus
solidus
30 40 50
L +
Cu-Ni system
Composition of phases
Weight fractions of phases
wt% Ni
20
1200
1300
T(°C)
L (liquid)
(solid)L +
liquidus
solidus
3 0 4 0 5 0
L +
Cu-Ni system
The Lever Rule
wt% Ni
20
1200
1300
T(°C)
L (liquid)
(solid)L +
liquidus
solidus
3 0 4 0 5 0
L +
BT B
tie line
Co
CL
C
SR
wt% Ni
20
1200
1300
30 40 501100
L (liquid)
(solid)
L +
L +
T(°C)
35Co
Cu-Nisystem
Cooling in a Cu-Ni Binary
Mechanical Properties: Cu-Ni System
--Tensile strength (TS) --Ductility (%EL,%AR)
Te
nsile
Str
en
gth
(M
Pa
)
Composition, wt% NiCu Ni0 20 40 60 80 100
200
300
400
TS for pure Ni
TS for pure Cu
Elo
ng
atio
n (
%EL
)Composition, wt% Ni
Cu Ni0 20 40 60 80 10020
30
40
50
60
%EL for pure Ni
%EL for pure Cu
Binary Eutectic Systems
Binary-Eutectic Systems
Cu-Ag system
L (liquid)
L + L +
Co , wt% Ag20 40 60 80 1000
200
1200
T(°C)
400
600
800
1000
CE
TE8.0 71.9 91.2
779°C
Binary-Eutectic Systems
Cu-Ag system
L (liquid)
L + L +
Co , wt% Ag20 40 60 80 1000
200
1200
T(°C)
400
600
800
1000
CE
TE8.0 71.9 91.2
779°C
Binary-Eutectic Systems
Cu-Ag system
L (liquid)
L + L +
Co , wt% Ag20 40 60 80 1000
200
1200
T(°C)
400
600
800
1000
CE
TE8.0 71.9 91.2
779°C
Microstructures in Eutectic Systems: I
0
L + 200
T(°C)
Co , wt% Sn10
2
20Co
300
100
L
30
+
400
(room T solubility limit)
TE(Pb-SnSystem)
Microstructures in Eutectic Systems: II
Pb-Snsystem
L +
200
T(°C)
Co , wt% Sn10
18.3
200Co
300
100
L
30
+
400
(sol. limit at TE)
TE
2(sol. limit at T room )
Microstructures in Eutectic Systems: III
Pb-Snsystem
L
200
T(°C)
C, wt% Sn
20 60 80 1000
300
100
L
L +
183°C
40
TE
CE61.9
Microstructures in Eutectic Systems: III
160 m
Micrograph of Pb-Sn
eutectic
microstructure
Lamellar Eutectic Structure
Microstructures in Eutectic Systems: IV
Pb-Snsystem
L+ 200
T(°C)
Co, wt% Sn
20 60 80 1000
300
100
L
L +
40
+
TE
L: Co wt% Sn
