Phase 1 ESA ReportRed River Co-op Ltd Service Station1084 Ellice Ave, Winnipeg, MBMB Contaminated Sites File 20709

Written and Presented By:

Students of Soils 4500, Ltd. (SOS) to members of the community at the University of Manitoba

Stacie Westervelt

Daniel Seburn

Tyler White

Chris Hope

Sachelle Johnston

Purpose and Use

Phase I ESA report on Red River Coop and Gas Bar at 1084 Ellice Avenue in Winnipeg

On behalf of Mr. Francis Svomuya in consideration of plans to purchase and redevelop site as a restaurant.

In accordance with Contaminated Sites Remediation and Consequential Amendments Act of Manitoba

Land Use

Land Use

Historical Land Use

Undeveloped until

1908

1908-1961:

Used as a coal yard

Historical Land Use

1961: Co-op

Credit Union & Store

910 Wall Street

1966: Safeway

1972: Domo

1994: address change to 1084 Ellice

Historical Land Use

Before reconstruction After reconstruction

Potential Contaminants

Coal Yard:

Mercury

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Gas Station:

Lead

Petroleum hydrocarbons

Contaminants

Coal Yard• Polycyclic Aromatic

Hydrocarbons (PAH)• Mercury

Gas Station• Petroleum

Hydrocarbons (Benzene)

• Lead

Contaminants

Benzene

Most likely contaminant due to fuel leakage

Remains sorbed to soil (especially with high organic matter content)

Carcinogen

Lead

Gasoline lead regulations enforced in 1990- almost 20 years after our site began selling gasoline

Cumulative poison in humans

Developmental problems, seizures, can be fatal

Contaminants

PAHs

Occur as mixtures- difficult to characterize

Can be persistent

Many are known carcinogens

Mercury

Leaching during rainfall

Adsorption to soil most likely fate

neurotoxin

Site Characteristics

- Ellice Co-Op in relation to major rivers of Winnipeg

Soil Types and Hydrology

As per Soil Map Reconnaissance Survey of Winnipeg Area, general soil at our site consists of fine textured shallow lacustrine deposits on till

Main Winnipeg aquifer is retained in the upper fifty feet of the thick underlying limestone layer

aquifers permeability is very low in the central area of the city compared to most other areas within Winnipeg

With respect to potential contaminant migration to surrounding sites and down to the aquifer, the hydraulic conductivity of the clay soil around our site is relatively low

Aquifer not used as drinking water source in Winnipeg

Drainage

Site located within the combined land drainage and sanitary system of Winnipeg

With respect to contaminant flow, would mean that surface spills, underground tank leaks, and disposal of chemicals through on site drains would all result in contaminants reaching the sewage system

Zoning

- Site in relation to surrounding residential and industrial/commercial zones

Zoning Information

- The Red River Co-Op at 1084 Ellice has a valid petroleum storage permit (file number 25306) expiring 31/12/2015 as per Manitoba Conservations registered tanks program.

Site Plan

Conceptual SPR Model

Sources – Coal Yard

As a former coal yard, it is likely that any depositions, precipitation, weathering, and erosion would have left contaminants such as Mercury and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH’s). These compounds were introduced decades ago, but tend to persist for a long time within the soil.

Sources – The pump & tank

Spills

Over-filling and faulty gas/diesel pumps, as well as leaks in holding tanks directly introduce petroleum contaminants such as hydrocarbons, lead, methanol, ethylene glycol, benzene, toluene, xylene, methyl tert-butyl ether, and napthalene.

Day to Day operations

Daily operations have a wide array of potential contaminants including phosphates, waste, idling engines, engine coolants, washer fluids, and possible propane leaks.

Pathways - Air

A major pathway for contaminants is through the combustion of gasoline and diesel engines are responsible for directly inputting CO2 emissions, propane, penzene, toluene, xylene, methyl tert-butyl ether, and naphthalene. One common means of air transport is from wind. Also, direct transfer of combustion particulates from exhaust, as well as erosion of surface soil. Weather conditions can also play a role, as transportation through evapo-transpiration resulting from heat, or solar radiation allows for movement of particulates.

Pathways - Soil

The pathways amongst soil contamination are largely due to erosion, sedimentation, and groundwater flow. Erosions from sun, wind, or other environmental factors allows for movement of previously undisturbed contaminants. Groundwater also transfer sediments underground, re-depositing the contaminants in various location. This is largely dependent and topography, terrain, and precipitation. Lastly, construction processes such as excavation expose deep soil, allowing for easier transfers.

Pathways - Water

The main pathway for water is through various forms of precipitation. This involves the process of evapotranspiration, which upon condensation, returns to the ground and water through varying forms of precipitation. Also, runoff and groundwater flow are responsible for moving much of the larger particulates across areas over time. Once in the water system, contaminants are readily dispersed.

Receptors

There are many scales when looking at receptors. From micro-organisms, aquatic species, vertebrates and invertebrates, all can be affected by fuel station contaminants. Direct contamination of soils allows for micro bacterial organisms within the soil to be exposed to highly toxic levels of exposure. Also, air pollution poses varying levels of toxicity to all living organisms it comes in contact with.

Receptors – humans

Oral ingestion of contaminated site includes consumption of fish within waterways, as well any consumption of primary producers within contaminated soils.

Inhalation of contaminated vapors and particulates in the air

Dermal exposure

Daily intake of fluid

Intake of animals depending on contaminated areas

Receptors

Receptors will vary based on proximity, frequency, and duration of exposure from contaminants. Toxicity as well as bio-concentration and bio-accumulation are important to identify when determining risk levels.

Site Visit

- Fuel Pumping Stations along northern side of property, shot facing south west

Site Visit

Site Visit

- Automatic Car Wash exit and location of Major Sewage Drain (just off photo)

Site Visit

-No visual indication of stained soil, almost entire property covered in concrete

-Boulevard grasses and shrubs only vegetation on site

- Soil on north-west corner of property

– Boulevard along eastern edge of property (along Wall), shot facing south

Site Visit

– East side of Convenience Store, Vacuum Station, and Large Propane Tank

Limitations!

Limitations

No help from staff or management on site Manager unable to provide any useful information Unable to obtain permission to view some areas

Frequent address changes and no good available records 1084 Ellice did not exist until 1994 Several address changes through site history with

no good available records

Conclusions

Based on results of Phase I ESA, there are no immediate and obvious areas of concern.

However, the limitations presented mean that contamination can not be ruled out.

Therefore client is advised to conduct further investigation in the form of a Phase II ESA.

For more information on contaminated sites and ESAs:

Contaminated and Impacted Sites Program

http://gov.mb.ca

References

Ehrlich, W. A. “Report of Reconnaissance Soil Survey of Winnipeg and Morris Map Sheet Areas.” [Manitoba]: Manitoba Soil Survey, 1989. Print

Render, F. “Winnipeg Carbonate Aquifer Water Elevations” APEGM. Web 25 Mar. 2012. http://www.apegm.mb.ca/pdf/PD_Papers/wpggrndwater.pdf

Winnipeg, City Of. "Quick Links." City of Winnipeg: Planning, Property & Development Department: Zoning. Web. 30 Mar. 2012. http://www.winnipeg.ca/ppd/zoning.stm

Manitoba, Province Of. "Environmental Programs." Web. 30 Mar. 2012. http://www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/envprograms/psp/info/bulk-fuel/index.html

Winnipeg, City Of. "Winnipeg.ca (UD) : Water and Waste : Sewage : Sewer Overflow Information System." Web. 30 Mar. 2012. <http://winnipeg.ca/waterandwaste/sewage/overflow/present.stm>