HEPATIC ENZYME INHIBITORSSICKFACES. COMSodium valproateIsoniazideCimetidineKetoconazoleFluconazoleAlcohol..binge drinkingChloramphenicolErythromycinSulfonamidesCiprofloxacinOmeprazoleMetronidazole

HEPATIC ENZYME INDUCERSGP PARCSGriseofulvinPhenytoinPhenobarbitoneAlcohol..chronic useRifampicinCarbamazepinesSulfonyl ureas

DRUGS EXTENSIVELY BOUND TO PROTEINSPDF SWAMP

PropranololDiazepam\FibratesSulfonyl ureasWarfarinAspirinMontelukastPhenytoin

DRUGS CAUSING HEPATITISI'M SHARP SCAMPIIsoniazideMethyldopaSulfonyl ureasHalothaneAmiodaroneRifampicinPhenytoinSodium valproateCiprofloxacinAntifungals ..systemically

MethotrexatePyrazinamideIsotretinoin

DRUGS CAUSING LUPUSPIG'S PHPropyl thiouracilIsoniazideGriseofluvinSulfonamidesPhenytoinHydralazine

DRUGS CAUSIND WEIGHT GAINMS CLOTMAO inhibtorsSodium valproateCorticosteroidsLithiumOral contraceptivesTricylic antidepressants

DRUGS CAUSING PULMONARY FIBROSISBad Breathlessness Makes More Air NecessaryBusulfanBleomycinMethylsergideMethotrexateAmiodaroneNitrofurantion

DRUGS CAUSING PANCREATITISFAST CATSFurosemideAzathioprineSodium valproateTetracyclineCorticosteroidsAlcoholThiazidesSulfonamides

MORPHINE'S PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIONSHECK of a DREAMHistamine and Hormonal actions..increased prolactin, decreased GRH, CH, FSH, ACTHEmesisContraction of biliary smooth muscleCardiovascular changes..there's verry little CV changes at normal dosages, orthostatic hypotension may occurDecrease cough reflex, Decrese GI motility, Depression of mental functioning,,,seddationRespiratory depressionEuphoria

AnalgesiaMiosis

medical and pharmacy Mnemonics

THE ADVERSE REACTIONS OF CHOLINERGIC AGONISTSDUMBLESDiarrhea and decreased blood pressureUrinationMiosisBronchoconstrictionExcitation of skeletal muscleLacrimationSalivation and sweating

THERAPEUTIC USES OF BETHANECHOL..cholinergicBBBBethanechol stimulates the Bladder and Bowel

TOXIC EFFECT OF MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTSDry as bone, Hot as a hare, Red as a beet, Blind as a bat, Mad as a hatterDry mouthInhibition of sweating specially in young childrenTachycardia and cutaneous vasodilationBlurred visionHallucination and delirium

CONDITIONS OR DISEASES CAUSE HYPERCALCEMIACHIMPANZEESCalcium supplementationHyperparathyroidismIatrogenic..caused by thiazide diureticsMilk alkali syndrome/ MalignancyPaget's diseaseAddison's diseaseNeoplasmZollinger-ellison syndromeExcess vitamin DExcess vitamin ASarcoid

GRAM -VE BACTERIA THAT FIRST GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS ARE ACTIVE AGAINSTPEcKProteus mirabilisEscherichia coliKlebsiella

SULFONAMIDES TOXICITIES THAT SHOULD WATCH FORCRANKCrystalluriaRashesAnemiaNauseaKernicterus

DRUGS USED FOR HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONSFor herpes, GIVe acyclovirFoscarnetGanciclovirIdoxuridineVidarabineAcyclovir

ONE OF RIFAMPICIN SIDE EFFECTRifampicin-Red orangeurine, sweat, tears and other secretions may become red orange in color

TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSENTS (TCA) SIDE EFFECTSTCA'SThrombocytopeniaCardiac...arrhymia, MI, strokeAnticholinergic...tachycardia, urinary retention, etcSeizures

RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION INDUCING DRUGSSTOP breathingSedatives and hypnoticsTrimethoprimOpiatesPolymyxins

HMG-CoA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS: SIDE EFFECTS, CONTAINDICATIONS, INTERACTIONSHMG-CoASide effectsHepatotoxicityMyositis...rhabdomyolysisContraindicationsGirl during pregnancy/ Growing childrenInteractionsCoumarin/ Cyclosporine

BENZODIAZEPINES THREE MEMBERS THAT UNDERGO EXTRAHEPATIC ----BOLISMOutside The LiverOxazepamTemazepamLorazepamThese undergo extrahepatic ----bolism and do not form active ----bolites

LITHIUM SIDE EFFECTSLITH

LeukocytosisInsipidus ...diabetes insipidus, tied to polyuriaTremor/ TeratogenesisHypothyroidism

 Gynaecomastia-causing drugs

  DISCOS Digoxin IsoniazidSpironolactone

   Cimetidine   Oestrogens   Stilboestrol                                                                      

 Morphine: side-effect

MORPHINE Myosis Out of it ...sedation

 Respiratory depression Pneumonia...aspiration

 Hypotension  Infrequency...constipation, urinary   retentionNausea  Emesis

 Etoposide: action, indications, side effect    eTOPosideAction

Inhibits TOPoisomerase II IndicationsTesticular carcinoma

Oat cell carcinoma of lung Prostate carcinoma Side effect Affects TOP of your head,  causing alopecia

  Medication administration: short checklist   TRAMPBefore dispensing medication, ensure have correc

Time RouteAmount

  Medication  Patient

Pupils in overdose: morphine vs. amphetamine                                                    MorPHINE: Fine. AmPHETamine: Fat                                        Morphine overdose: pupils constricted ..fine                                        Amphetamine overdose: pupils dilated ..fat

 Nitrofurantoin: major side effects                                                                    NitroFurAntoin Neuropathy..peripheral neuropathy Fibrosis..pulmonary fibrosis Anemia..hemolytic anemia

Myasthenia gravis: edrophonium vs. pyridostigmineeDrophonium is for Diagnosis

pyRIDostigmine is to get RID of symptoms

Lithium: side effectsLITHIUM

Leukocytes Increased...leukocytosisTremors

HypothyroidismIncreased Urine

Moms beware...teratogenic

Respiratory depression inducing drugsSTOP breathing

Sedatives and hypnoticsTrimethoprim

OpiatesPolymyxins

Parkinsonism: drugsSALAD

SelegilineAnticholinenergics...trihexyphe nidyl, benzhexol, ophenadrine

L-Dopa + peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor ...carbidopa, benserazideAmantadine

Dopamine postsynaptic receptor agonists ...bromocriptine, lisuride, pergolide

Inhalation anestheticsSHINESevofluraneHalothaneIsofluraneNitrous oxideEnflurane· If want the defunct Methoxyflurane too, make it MoonSHINE.

Warfarin: interactionsACADEMIC QACS

AmiodaroneCimetidineAspirinDapsoneErythromycinMetronidazoleIndomethacinClofibratesQuinidineAzapropazoneCiprofloxacinStatins

Steroids: side effectsBECLOMETHASONEBuffalo humpEasy bruisingCataractsLarger appetiteObesityMoonfaceEuphoriaThin arms & legsHypertension/ HyperglycaemiaAvascular necrosis of femoral headSkin thinningOsteoporosisNegative nitrogen balanceEmotional liability

Teratogenic drugsW/ TERATOgenicWarfarinThalidomideEpileptic drugs: phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepineRetinoidACE inhibitorThird element: lithiumOCP and other hormones...eg danazol

Sulfonamides: common characteristicsSULFASteven-Johnson syndrome/ Skin rash / Solubility lowUrine precipitation/ Useful for UTILarge spectrum...gram positives and negativesFolic acids synthesis blocker...as well as synthesis of nucleic acidsAnalog of PABA

Beta-1 vs Beta-2 receptor ********You have 1 heart and 2 lungsBeta-1 are therefore primarily on heartBeta-2 primarily on lungs

Amiodarone: action, side effectssix P's

Prolongs action potential durationPhotosensitivityPigmentation of skinPeripheral neuropathyPulmonary alveolitis and fibrosisPeripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism

TB: antibiotics usedSTRIPE

STreptomycinRifampicinIsoniazidPyrizinamideEthambutol

Sodium valproate: side effectsVALPROATE

VomitingAlopeciaLiver toxicityPancreatitis/ PancytopeniaRetention of fats...weight gainOedema ...peripheral oedemaAppetite increaseTremorEnzyme inducer...liver

Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautionsABCDE

AsthmaBlock...heart blockCOPDDiabetes mellitusElectrolyte ...hyperkalemia

Beta 1 selective blockers"BEAM ONE up, Scotty"

Beta 1 blockersEsmololAtenololMetropolol

Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers"Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose)

TimololPindololHismololNaldololPropranolol

Methyldopa: side effectsMETHYLDOPA

Mental retardation

Electrolyte imbalance

Tolerance

Headache/ Hepatotoxicity

psYcological upset

Lactation in female

Dry mouth

Oedema

Parkinsonism

Anaemia...haemolytic

Hypertension: treatmentABCDACE inhibitors/ AngII antagonists...sometimes Alpha agonists alsoBeta blockersCalcium antagonistsDiuretics...sometimes vasoDilators also

Enoxaprin (prototype low molecular weight heparin): action, monitoring

EnoXaprin only acts on factor XMonitor Xa concentration, rather than APTT

Anesthesia: 4 stages"Anesthesiologists Enjoy S & M"AnalgesiaExcitementSurgical anesthesiaMedullary paralysis

SSRIs: side effectsSSRI

Serotonin syndromeStimulate CNSReproductive dysfunctions in maleInsomnia

Lead poisoning: presentationABCDEFG

AnemiaBasophilic strippingColicky painDiarrheaEncephalopathyFoot dropGum ...lead line

Depression: 5 drugs causing itPROMS

PropranololReserpineOral contraceptivesMethyldopaSteroids

Microtubules: drugs that act on microtubules"The MicroTubule Growth Voiding Chemicals"

ThiabendazoleMebendazoleTaxolGriseofulvinVincristine/ VinblastineColchicine

Torsades de Pointes: drugs causingAPACHEAmiodaroneProcainamideArseniumCisaprideHaloperidolEritromycin

Benzodiazapines: ones not ----bolized by the liver...safe to use in liver failureLOTLorazepamOxazepamTemazepam

SIADH-inducing drugsABCD

Analgesics: opioids, NSAIDsBarbituratesCyclophosphamide/ Chlorpromazine/ CarbamazepineDiuretic ..thiazide

Pulmonary infiltrations inducing drugs"Go BAN Me!"GoldBleomycin/ Busulphan/ BCNUAmiodarone/ Acyclovir/ AzathioprineNitrofurantoinMelphalan/ Methotrexate/ Methysergide

Hepatic necrosis: drugs causing focal to massive necrosis"Very Angry Hepatocytes"Valproic acidAcetaminophenHalothane

Phenytoin: adverse effectsPHENYTOINP-450 interactionsHirsutismEnlarged gumsNystagmusYellow-browning of skinTeratogenicityOsteomalaciaInterference with B12 ----bolism ..hence anemiaNeuropathies: vertigo, ataxia, headache

Ribavirin: indicationsRIBAvirinRSVInfluenza BArenaviruses ...Lassa, Bolivian, etc

Aspirin: side effectsASPIRINAsthmaSalicyalismPeptic ulcer disease/ Phosphorylation-oxidation uncoupling/ PPH/ Platelet disaggregation/Premature closure of PDAIntestinal blood lossReye's syndromeIdiosyncracyNoise..tinnitus

1. GABAa agonist-muscimol2. GABAb agonist-baclofen(centrally acting muscle relaxant)3. GABAa antagonist-bicuculline

4. GABAb antagonist-saclofen

centrally acting antidiabetic-bromocriptine muscle relaxant used in liver diseases-atracurium dantrolene is used in malignat hyperthermia caused by succinyl choline n GA