PHARMAINNOVATIONS

(PHARMACY INSTITUTE)

PHARMATECH SOCIETY OF

Presents

VOLUME 3; ISSUE 2

PATRONSDr. Sarojini Agarwal Dr. O. P. Agarwal

Chairperson, NIET Managing Director, NIET

Dr. Neema Agarwal Mr. Raman Batra

AMD, NIET Executive Vice President, NIET

BOARD OF ADVISORS

Dr. A. Mazumder Shri S. Nagpal

(Director, NIET Pharmacy Institute) (Head Consulting, NIET)

Dr. Pandey B. B. Lal Dr. R. K. Ranjan

(Director General, NIET) (Director, NIET)

Dr. P. Pachauri

(Director, P & P)

EDITORIAL BOARD

DR RUPA MAZUMDER DR SANJITA DAS

(Prof and Dean) (Prof and HOD, Pharmacology)

EDITOR ASSOCIATE EDITOR

MR CHANDRABHUSHAN KUMAR MS AKANKSHA SINGH ANUSHKA(B.Pharm, Fourth Year) (M.Pharm, Second Year) (B.Pharm, First Year)

STUDENT EDITOR STUDENT ASSOCIATE EDITOR STUDENT ASSOCIATE EDITOR

CONTENTS

Topics Page No.

1. Messages from the desk of the editor.......…………..…………………….......................................……….…..01

2. Message from The desk of associate editor……………………………….......................................……….…..02

3. The Role of Pharmacy in Environmental Pollution and its Prevention ………………………………………... 03

4. Herbal Diets may Worsen Brain Health ………………………………………………………………………………………. 04

5. Herbal Medicine- The Need of Current Generation ……………………………………………………………………. 05

6. Antioxidants and Health Benefits ……………………………………………………………….……………………………... 06-07

7. Impact of Clinical Registries on Quality of Patient ……………………………..……………………………………….. 08

8. Keedajadi ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 09

9. Psychopathy : A Review for Pharmacist …….……………………………………………………………………………….. 10

MESSAGE FROM THE DESK OF THE ASSOCIATE EDITOR

It is a matter of great pleasure that the second issue of the e-magazine, “PharmaInnovation”, of NIET (Pharmacy Institute) of 2018 is being published successfully.Publication of the first issue was a grand success and the students were very happyhaving the knowledge of the recent innovations in the field of Pharmacy. The successof the first issue of 2018 has motivated both the students and the faculty of theInstitute to contribute their writings for the next issues. My best wishes to the EditorialBoard members for achieving grand success in publishing the past issues of “PharmaInnovation” and best wishes to them for publication of the future issues of themagazine.

DR. R. MAZUMDER

PROFESSOR AND DEAN

NOIDA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

(PHARMACY INSTITUTE )

GREATER NOIDA

MESSAGE FROM THE DESK OF THE ASSOCIATED EDITOR

“Pharma Innovations” is a magazine coined by the Editorial Club & PharmaTech

Society of Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology (Pharmacy Institute). Itcontains number of articles created by both student’s and teachers for thecollege and the number of festive memorable events and the achievements wonby students and staff. This Edition of magazine (2018) bring number of articlescreated by students to educate and improve the awareness of readers abouthealthcare system.The Magazine emphasizes on the newer innovations in thePharmaceutical Industry and hospitals.

DR SANJITA DAS

PROFESSOR AND HOD (PHARMACOLOGY)

NOIDA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

(PHARMACY INSTITUTE )

GREATER NOIDA

FACULTY

FORUM

THE ROLE OF PHARMACY IN ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND ITS PREVENTIONSANJITA DASProfessor and HOD (Pharmacology) Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Pollution represents one of the major problems that mankind faces nowadays. Pharmaceuticalproducts (mainly medicinal products, but also other personal care products) may be regarded asenvironmental contaminants because of their worldwide use in both human and veterinary medicine.The consumption of medicinal products is one of the main sources of environmental contaminationthrough excretion (urine, faeces) and inappropriate disposal of unused or expired medicines (toilet,sink, litter) .

Pharmacists should seek out the resources in the community to inform patients about what theycan do with unwanted medication. Patients should take unused medication to a facility with aprescription drug take-back program. Some departments have established programs where they canaccept controlled substances and hazardous waste facilities often accept medications. Manycommunities hold take-back events, which allow people to bring medications on specific days. TheDrug Enforcement Administration holds a National Prescription Drug Take-Back Day in the fall.

Once locations collect unwanted medications, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) advisesthat pharmaceuticals should be incinerated at regulated facilities to minimize the contaminationentering the environment. But patients should never attempt to burn medications on their ownbecause they can inhale toxic chemicals and release them into the environment.

Although educating the public about proper drug disposal is extremely important, pharmacistsand student pharmacists should look into starting a medication take-back program. By launching atake-back program in different areas, the patients can be helped to take steps to limit problems withmisuse and abuse and prevent harm to the environment.

HERBAL DIETS MAY WORSEN BRAIN HEALTH

DR. SAUMYA DASAssociate ProfessorNoida Institute of Engineering & Technology (Pharmacy Institute )-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The momentum behind a move to plant-based and vegan diets for the good of the planet iscommendable, but risks worsening an already low intake of an essential nutrient involved in brainhealth, warns a nutritionist. Choline is an essential dietary nutrient, but the amount produced bythe liver is not enough to meet the requirements of the human body.

Choline is critical to brain health, particularly during fetal development. It also influencesliver function, with shortfalls linked to irregularities in blood fat metabolism as well as excess freeradical cellular damage. The primary sources of dietary choline are found in beef, eggs, dairyproducts, fish, and chicken, with much lower levels found in nuts, beans, and cruciferousvegetables, such as broccoli. More needs to be done to educate healthcare professionals andconsumers about the importance of a choline-rich diet, and how to achieve this. If choline is notobtained in the levels needed from dietary sources per se then supplementation strategies will berequired, especially in relation to key stages of the life cycle, such as pregnancy, when cholineintakes are critical to infant development.

HERBAL MEDICINE- THE NEED OF CURRENT GENERATION

SANJAY KUMAR YADAVAssistant Professor Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Traditional medicine is “the knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefsand experiences indigenous to different cultures, used in the maintenance of health and inthe prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illness”.Herbal Medicine is an interdisciplinary branch between Herbal Medicine and Ayurvedaand it covers all the fields of Herbal Medicine related to Botany, Medicinal Plant Research,Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Phytotherapy, botanical medicines, Ayurveda andNatural chemistry, Agriculture Science, Unani Medicine, Biotechnology and Biochemistry.Herbal Medicine is an open access journal and the main aim of this journal to provide aplatform for scientists, researchers in Herbal medicine and Ayurveda fields all over theworld to present their new ideas, discuss new strategies, and promote developments in allareas of Herbal Medicine. The use of herbal medicinal products and supplements hasincreased tremendously over the past three decades with not less than 80% of peopleworldwide relying on them for some part of primary healthcare. Over the past 100 years,the development and mass production of chemically synthesized drugs haverevolutionized health care in most parts of the word. However, large sections of thepopulation in developing countries still rely on traditional practitioners and herbalmedicines for their primary care. In Africa up to 90% and in India 70% of the populationdepend on traditional medicine to help meet their health care needs. In China, traditionalmedicine accounts for around 40% of all health care delivered and more than 90% ofgeneral hospitals in China have units for traditional medicine. Although therapies involvingthese agents have shown promising potential with the efficacy of a good number of herbalproducts clearly established, many of them remain untested and their use are eitherpoorly monitored or not even monitored at all.

The recent advancement has increased mode of action, decreased adverse reactions,contraindications, and interactions with existing orthodox pharmaceuticals andfunctional food. It has now promoted both safe and rational use of these agents. Sincesafety continues to be a major issue with the use of herbal remedies the relevantregulatory authorities are putting appropriate measures to protect public health byensuring that all herbal medicines are safe and of suitable quality. Like conventionalmedicines, licensed herbal medicines hold a product license based on safety, quality,and efficacy. Hence, it is compulsory that they are accompanied by comprehensiveinformation such as indications, precautions, how to use the product, side effects,how to store the product and regulatory information, for safe use. This information isusually provided on a leaflet inserted into the product package. Plants herbs andethnobotanicals have been used since the early days of humankind and are still usedthroughout the world for health promotion and treatment of disease. Plants andnatural sources form the basis of today’s modern medicine and contribute largely tothe commercial drug preparations manufactured today. About 25% of drugsprescribed worldwide are derived from plants. Still, herbs, rather than drugs, are oftenused in health care. For some, herbal medicine is their preferred method oftreatment. For others, herbs are used as adjunct therapy to conventionalpharmaceuticals. The day to day increasing demand of herbal medicines have not onlydrawn attention of consumers but the manufacturers also. The recent advances andregulation authorities are now committed for quality products of herbal basedformulations. So, herbal medicine can be safely used for treating chronic diseases sideby side and for enhancing immunity of the body.

STUDENTS

FORUM

ANTIOXIDANTS AND HEALTH BENEFITS

SURABHI SINGHB.Pharm IInd YearNoida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The cell damage will cause the release of free radicals. These free radicals will play an important role in any bioactiveprocess of the cells. Antioxidants are one of the important components which plays a critical role to maintain the cellfunctioning and integrity of the cells. Antioxidants play an important role against the reactive oxygen species andmaintain the normal activity of the cell. Antioxidants are preventing the free radical configuration tissue damage bypreventing the formation of radicals or promoting their breakdown of free radical species. The review articleexplains the role of antioxidants in normal healthy conditions as well as diseases.

overall health.

BenefitsColorful fruits and vegetables can offer a range of antioxidants.Antioxidants can protect against the cell damage that free radicals cause,known as oxidative stress.Activities and processes that can lead to oxidative stress include:• mitochondrial activity• excessive exercise• tissue trauma, due to inflammation and injury• ischemia and reperfusion damage• consumption of certain foods, especially refined and processed foods, trans fats, artificial sweeteners, and

certain dyes and additives• smoking• environmental pollution• radiation• exposure to chemicals, such as pesticides and drugs, including chemotherapy• industrial solvents• ozone

Such activities and exposures can result incell damage.

This, in turn, may lead to:• an excessive release of free iron or

copper ions• an activation of phagocytes, a type of

white blood cell with a role in fightinginfection

• an increase in enzymes that generatefree radicals

• a disruption of electron transport chains

All these can result in oxidative stress.The damage caused by antioxidants hasbeen linked to cancer, artherosclerosis, andvision loss. It is thought that the free radicalscause changes in the cells that lead to theseand possibly other conditions.An intake of antioxidants is believed toreduce these risks.Other research has indicated thatantioxidant supplements may help reducevision loss due to age-related maculardegeneration in older people.Overall, in most cases, results have tendedto show no benefit, or a detrimental effect,or they have been conflicting.

IMPACT OF CLINICAL REGISTRIES ON QUALITY OF PATIENT

ROHITASH RATHOURM.Pharm (Pharmacology ) Ist YearNoida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The purpose of this clinical data documentation is to serve as a guide for the design and use ofpatient registries for scientific, clinical, and health policy purposes. Properly designed andexecuted, patient registries can provide a real-world view of clinical practice, patient outcomes,safety, and comparative effectiveness

Many developed countries have a clinical data registry records information to improving healthoutcomes of patients with particular disease over varying period of time. Clinical data registriesof patient typically focus on patients who share a common reason for needing health care. Theyallow health care professionals and others to see what treatments are available, and howpatients with different characteristics respond to various treatments. This information can beused to inform patients and their health care professionals as they decide the best course oftreatment and to improve care for patients in the future. Information from registries may also beused to compare the performance of healthcare providers with regard to their outcomes andresource use

KEEDAJADI

SUNITI CHANDM.Pharm (Pharmacology ) Ist YearNoida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Himalaya is the place of medical plants which cannot be found anywhere else. Their rarity and remarkable healingpower makes them expensive in the global market. One such rich biological resource is Cordycepssinensis which islocally known as KeedaJadi. It can cure a variety of ailments from such as fatigue and cancer and to cure impotency. Itis also known as Caterpillar fungus (English) and YartsaGungu (Tibetan).KeedaJadi is basically a fungus which grows as a parasite on the larvae of a particular kind of caterpillar. The fungusevolves in the living larva, which kills and mummifies the larva and then develops as a stalk-like fruiting figure.Caterpillars take 5 years to grow underground in Alpine grass and shrub lands before finally pupating (from larva) andare attacked by the fungus while feeding on roots. It finally takes the shape of 5-15 centimeter columnar mushroomout of the forehead of the caterpillar. It is mostly found in Darchula in Mahakali zone in the Nepal and India. As perIndian government rules, locals are allowed to gather KeedaJadi, but not to trade it outside India.

Composition:• Cordycepin, seen as the main bioactive and also known as 3'-deoxyadenosine• Ergosterol and Ergosterol palmitate• 'Cordycepic Acid' which is just D-Mannitol, but some related compounds such as 3,4-O-isopropylidene-

d-mannitol• (Sinensis Mycelium) Glucosamine at 25.5mcg/mL (standard cultivation) and can be increased to 13.1-

29.3mg/mL• (kyushuensis) Sodium (15,238mcg/g), Potassium (23,860mcg/g), Calcium (6248mcg/g), Magnesium

(5630mcg/g), Iron (556mcg/g), and Zinc (32.9mcg/g)• (In selenium-enriched grown mushrooms), selenomethionine, senelite, and selanateImpact on Himalayas:Their high value also leads to the conflict among villages and illegal trade as in India it is not legalized. Thisrare fungus is only found when summer sets in and snow (glacier) melts at higher altitudes of Kumaon regionand exposes mummified caterpillars. People have started using uneven means to collect KeedaJadi.Sometimes, forests are put on fire to melt the snow. Such unnatural practices are causing damage to theenvironment and precious species also. The government should take necessary steps to preserve theseendangered caterpillar fungi. There are some incidents where police of Uttarakhand arrested the peoplecarrying Herbal Viagra for trade purposes.An endangered species:• It has great demand in China where it is used for medical purposes since the 14th century. It is only

found in the Himalayas and the areas of Tibetan Plateau. Bhutan government legalized its sale in 2001and collects its revenue share from it. Because of overharvesting and over exploitation, it is one of theendangered species in China.

• It is in demand for its energy booster and aphrodisiac qualities. In the 1990s, some Chinese athletes gavecredit of their success to KeedaJadi which increased its demand in the Chinese market.

• We all agree that we share the treasure nature has given us for medical purposes, but that does notjustify the use of uneven means for any selfish motives. Situations like this also highlight the rural life ofpeople of Uttarakhand who take up uneven means for their sustenance.

PSYCHOPATHY : A REVIEW FOR PHARMACIST

MAYANK UPADHYAYB.Pharm IInd YearNoida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Psychopathy is a serious personality disorder that can have significant negative effects both on individuals and onsociety. Psychopathy was first described by Hervey M. Cleckley . Psychopathy occurs worldwide and in all age groups,cultures, and ethnic groups, with a predominance in males. Although it is difficult to determine a precise figure,psychopaths constitute approximately 1% to 4% of the population.This review aims to provide pharmacists with an awareness of the clinical features of psychopathy, a summary ofpotential drug therapies for managing psychopathy, and an understanding of the impact of psychopathy on pharmacypractice.Implications for pharmacist:The pharmacist may encounter a psychopath as a drug-seeking patient. Drug addiction and psychopathy show a highcorrelation because both conditions have common traits. Defining traits possessed by psychopaths and drug addictsinclude novelty-seeking behavior and lack of impulse control. Impulsivity is deeply rooted in the brain’s dopaminergicpathways. Psychopaths appear to have hypersensitivity and excessive activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system.Impulsivity and novelty-seeking, often resulting from boredom, render psychopaths susceptible to drug-seekingbehavior.The pharmacist also may come across a psychopath in a possible business deal or financial arrangement. However,

psychopaths are equally likely to be encountered as employees, pharmacy technicians, customers, salesrepresentatives, or healthcare professionals. It is important to remember that not all psychopaths are inevitablecriminals destined for incarceration. Because of their compulsive lies and narcissistic confidence, psychopaths caneffectively portray themselves as highly successful, well-educated, well-adjusted individuals. Doing a thoroughbackground check, checking references, and verifying credentials are excellent ways to identify a potential psychopath.Diligent, detailed checks must be performed because psychopaths are known to cleverly falsify credentials and workhistory. Psychopaths frequently switch careers, change relationships, or relocate. Such a history, combined with the trailof destruction that many psychopaths leave behind, is often a clue to identification.It is critical to realize that many people may exhibit psychopathic traits or behaviors at times, whether it is an occasionallie, a momentary lack of empathy, or a temporary dearth of conscience. This does not make us all psychopaths.Pharmacists should not label every patient or associate who treats us poorly as a psychopath. Psychopaths arefundamentally different from other humans and are essentially unalterable in their disposition and destiny. Althoughthey can don their mask of sanity for a period of time, psychopaths ultimately fall back on primal and ingrained instinctsthat cause them to seek power and domination by means of lies and manipulation.

“See you in Next Edition”

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