Petroleum Refining Effluent Guidelines - Final Rule - May ......May 09, 1974 · Petroleum Refining...

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Title 40-Protection of the EnvironmentCHAPTER I-ENVIRONMENTAL

PROTECTION AGENCYSUBCHAPTER N-EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND

STANDARDS

PART 419-PETROLEUM REFININGPOINT SOURCE CATEGORY

On December 14, 1973 notice was pub-lished in the FEDERAL REGISTER (38 FR34542), that the Environmental Protec-tion Agency (EPA or Agency) was pro-posing effluent limitations guidelines forexisting sources and standards of per-formance and pretreatment standardsfor new sources within the topping sub-category, cracking subcategory, petro-chemical subcategory, lube subcategory,and integrated subcategory of the petro-leum refining category of point sources.

The purpose of this notice is to estab-lish final effluent limitations guidelines

- for existing sources and standards of per-formance and pretreatment standardsfor new sources in the topping subcate-gory, cracking subcategory, petrochemi-cal subcategory, lube subcategory, andintegrated subcategory of the petroleumrefining category of point sources, byamending 40 CFR Ch. I, Subchapter N,to add a new Part 419. This final rule-making is promulgated pursuant to sec-tions 301, 304 (b) and (c), 306 (b) and(c) and 307(c) of the Federal WaterPollution Control Act, as amended, (theAct); 33 U.S.C. 1251, 1311, 1314 (b) and(c), 1316 (b) and (c) and 1317(c); 86Stat. 816 et seq.; Pub. L. 92-500. Regula-tions regarding cooling water intakestructures for all categories of -pointsources under section 316(b) of the Actwill be promulgated in 40 CFR Part 402.

In addition, the EPA is simultaneouslyproposing a separate provision, whichappears in the proposed~rules section ofthe FEDERAL REGISTER, stating the appli-cation of the limitations and standardsset forth below to users of publicly ownedtreatment works which are subject topretreatment standards under section307(b) of the Act. The basis of that pro-posed regulation Is set forth in the asso-ciated notice of proposed rulemaking.

The legal basis, methodology and fac-tual conclusions which support promul-gation of this regulation were set forthin substantial detail in the notice ofpublic review procedures publishedAugust 6, 1973 (38 FR 21202) and inthe notice of proposed rulemakingfor the topping subcategory, crackingsubeategory, petrochemical subcategory,lube subcategory, and integrated sub-category. In Addition, the regulations asproposed were supported by two otherdocuments: (1) The document entitled"Development Document for ProposedEffluent Limitations Guidelines and New'Source Performance Standards for thePetroleum Refining Segment of thePetroleum Refining Point Source Cate-gory" (December 1973) and (2) the doc-ument entitled "Economic Analysis ofProposed Effluent Guidelines, PetroleumRefining Industry" (September 1973).Both of these documents were madeavailable to the public and circulated tointerested persons at approximately the

RULES AND REGULATIONS

time of publication of the notice of pro-posed rulemaking.

Interested persons were invited to par-ticipate in the rulemaking by submittingwritten comments within 30 days fromthe date of publication. Prior public par-ticipation in the form of solicited com-ments and responses from the States,Federal agencies, and other interestedparties were described in the preambleto the proposed regulation. The EPA hasconsidered carefully all of the commentsreceived'and a discussion of these com-ments with the Agency's response theretofollows. The regulation as promulgatedcontains some significant departuresfrom the proposed regulation. The fol-lowing discussion outlines the reasonswhy these changes were made and whyother suggested changes were not made.

(a) Summary of major comments. Thefollowing responded to the request forcomments which was made in the pre-amble to the proposed regulation: Inter-state Sanitation Commission; Shell OilCompany; Phillips Petroleum Company;Getty Oil Company; Union Oil Companyof California; Exxon Company, USA;Larry D. Killion; American PetroleumIndustry; Standard Oil Company ofOhio; UOP Process Division; Gulf Oil;City of Buffalo; Mobil Oil Corporation;Macario Independent Refinery; TexacoIncorporated; Standard Oil Company ofIndiana; National Wildlife Federation;State of California; County of Erie, NY;State of Alaska; Los Angeles County;Buffalo (N.Y.) Area Chamber of Com-merce; State of Colorado; State ofMichigan; U.S. Water Resources Coun-cil; Sun Oil Company; Department ofthe Interior; The Honorable Henry P.Smith, III; State of North Carolina.

Each of the coiments received wascarefully reviewed and analyzed. Thefollowing is a summary of the significantcomments and EPA's response to thosecomments.

(1) Clean rainfall limits should be setat the same level as treatment plant ef-fluent to avoid having to treat marginallycontaminated runoff.

The handling of storm runoff was re-evaluated and the run-off from a refinerywas broken down further to considertankfield runoff, process area runoff andother noncontaminated runoff. This re-evaluation also considered the treatmentof marginally contaminated runoff. (See"Development Document," Section VII).

As a result of this evaluation a limit of35 mg/i TOC and 15 mg/1 oil and grease(both maximums) was set for both tank-field runoff and other uncontaminatedrunoff. (This is changed from 15 mg/1 ofTOO and no visible sheen). The limits forcontaminated runoff (process area run-off treated along with other processwastes) should remain the same.

(2) The definition of feedstocks shouldinclftde imported catalytic cracker feed,reformer feed and petrochemical feeds.

Since these feeds do not receive fullprocessing at the refinery and are freeof some contaminants (removed duringprior processing), no allocation based onthroughput should be-given. The addi-tional waste loads caused by the proc-

essing required is taken into account bythe higher process factor the refinerywill receive. (See "Development Docu-ment," Section DX).

(3) .Once-through cooling water shouldnot be included In a production based al-location. The reasons for this statementand alternate approaches given are asfollows:

(a) The March 7, 1973 guidance ex-cluded once-through water from con-sideration; (b) the low toncentrationscontained have no environmental im-pact; (c) analytical techniques do notallow for accurate results at low concen-trations; and (d) a separate limit of 5mg/1 of TOO (net) should be used.

An evaluation of water flow data fromover one hundred refineries, both withrecycle and once-through cooling watersystems, showed that only 25 percent ofthe total flow from recycle refineries re-sults from cooling tower blowdown. Inaddition, the once-through refineriesshowed higher process wast- flows thanthe recycle refinerles. Therefore, once-through cooling water is being excludedfrom the production based allotment anda separate limit of 5 mg/I of TOO Is beingset to prevent gross contamination ofthese waters. (See "Development Docu-ment"; section IX; Supplement B, "Re-finery Water Use".)

(4) Limits should be based on amonthly average rather than 30 dayrunning average. (Running average-anythirty consecutive days).

The limits are set in terms of a run-ning average to prevent slackening offat the end of any fixed period and there-fore guarantee optimum performance atall times.

(5) There isn't enough variability al-lowed between the daily and monthlylimits. Arguments given to justify highervalues were as follows:

(a) Data were not random or normallydistributed; (b) variability not being metby some refineries using BPCTCA end-of-pipe; and (a) high analytical errors,

The variability factors can not be com-pared as a ratio of daily and monthly(30 day average) values. Both the dailyand 30 day average variabilities werebased on the annual average. The dailyvariability predict. the maximum dayover a period of a year and the 30 dayaverage variability predicts the maxi-mum 30 day average in any year.

These variabilities were computed fromdata taken from several plants (oneyear's or more data in each case). Thevariability factors therefore include allof the errors (resulting variability) thatresult from sampling and analytical tech-nique and accuracy.

The, date from the plants analyzedwere found to be either normally or lognormally distributed.

The fact that certain refineries, whichalready have the end-of-pipe treatmentas defined by BPCTCA, are showinghigher variabilities than those of the ex-emplary plants only points out thatBPCTCA as defined should include fac-tors other than end-of-pipe treatment(i.e. good water use practices, goodhousekeeping, etc.). (See "Development

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91-THURSDAY, MAY 9, 1974


Document," section IX "Statistical Vari-ability of a Properly Designed and Oper-ated Waste Treatment Plaht"; Supple-ment B, "Variability").. The daily maximum variability was in-creased to reflect a 99 percent probability

-of occurrence. This was done to reducethe number of technical violations.

TOO limit should be eliminatedand set later as its ratio to BOD5 is de-termined at each refinery.

The limits set for TOC are necessarybecause of the many instances whenBOD5 COD, or both are not practicallimits (as a result of analytical errors,time limitations, etc.). (See 'Develop-mentDocument," section IX; "Procedurefor Development of BPCTCA EffluentLimitations").

The ratio of TOC/BOD, proposed at 1.8•was raised to 2.2.

(7) A subcategorization should bemade based on the age of the refinerybecause of non-segregated sewers andthe inequitable financial burden.

'Those refineiies with non-segregatedsewers will probably have to either seg-regate their once-through cooling wateror go to recycle cooling. This has al-ready been done by many older refineriesand was considered as part of the eco-nomic evaluation.

(8) The American Petroleum Insti-tute has proposed a method to furthersubategorize the petroleum industry.This approach is based on a mathemati-cal analysis of the 1972 EPA/API RawWaste Load Survey Data. This analysis(not yet completed) proposes to deter-mine the relative effect of various processtypes on the total refineryflow.

An intensive investigation of this ap-proach has been carried out. As a re-sult, it-was found that both size (feed-stock throughput) and process configu-ration weigh heavily in determining thefinal flows. Tables have been included inthe regulation to allow variation withineach subcategory based on both size andprocess configuration. (See "Develop-ment Document," section IV; Supple-ment B, "Refinery Configuration Anal-ysis").

The size and process factors deter-mined from the above investigation wereused to further subcategorize the petro-leum industry.

(9) Special consideration should begiven for refineries charging Californiacrudes because of the high nitrogen, sul-fur and naphthenic acid content.

The heavy (10-20 API gravity) natureof the California crudes requires more in-tensive processing (cracking, etc.) thanlighter grades of crude. From the dataavailable, the process factor (based onseverity of operations) adequately ac-counts for the higher raw waste loadsseen in refineries running Californiacrudes. (See "Development Document,"Section IV; Supplement B, "CaliforniaCrudes".) -

(10) There is no allowance given In theguidelines for the contaminants presentin the intake water (net vs. gross), whichare said to be especially significant inonce-through cooling water.

The effluentlimitations guidelines have,generally been developed on a gross orabsolute basis. However, the Agency rec-ognizes that in certain instances pollut-ants will be present in navigable waterswhich supply a plant's intake water, insignificant concentrations, which maynot be removed to the levels specified inthe guidelines by the application oftreatment technology contemplated byBPCTCA.

Accordingly, the Agency Is currentlydeveloping amendments to Its NPDESpermit regulations (40 CFR Part 125)which will specify the situations in whichthe Regional Administrator may allow acredit for such pollutants. The regula-tions will be proposed for public com-ment in the near future.

(11) Some correspondents endorsedthe proposal made to the Administratorby the Effluent Standards and WaterQuality Information Advisory Commit-tee. This proposal Is for a significantlydifferent approach to the development ofeffluent guidelines.

The above-mentioned proposs areunder evaluation as a contribution to-ward future refinements on guidelinesfor some-industries. The Committee hasindicated that their proposed methodol-ogy could not be developed in sufficienttime to be available for the current phaseof guideline promulgation. Its presentstate of development does not provideenough evidence to warrant the Agency'sdelaying issuance of any standard inhopes that an alternative approachmight be preferable.

(12) The BATEA limits were objectedto because they are based on pilot plantdata.

The Agency recognizes that the tech-nology specified herein as best availabletechnology economically achievable hasnot been demonstrated in day-to-day op-erations in this industrial category.However, in determining whether tech-nology has been "demonstrated" for thepurposes of standards which must beachieved by 1983, the Agency does not be-lieve that the same high degree of con-fidence that the technology wil workmust exist as is the case for 1977 stand-ards. In making the Judgment as towhether or not the technology Is "avail-able," the Agency examined a wide rangeof information, including the use of thetechnology to treat similar wastes inother industrial categories, pilot plantand demonstration projects, and labora-tory and other experimental data onvarious waste treatment processes. Basedon such data and information, and theapplication of the Agency's best judg-ment, the technology specified hereinwas determined to constitute thebest availablp technology economicallyachievable for the petroleum refinerycategory.

It is, recognized that, in some cases,the industry must Itself perform Eomeof the pilot plant and other develop-mental work which will be necessary tobring the technology into full utilization.This does not however, alter theAgency's judgment that the technology

Is "avalble," is "economically achiev-able," and can be brought on line in timeto achieve full compliance by 1983, asrequired by the Act.'

(13) The flow basls, based on 97 per-cent recycle Row Is too restrictive to bemet by older refineries with once-throughcooling water and does not consider thevarying prcess complexities within sub-categories.

The flow basis is not aflow restriction.It was used to determine the expectedpounds/day from a refinery with goodwater use and the specified end-of-pipetreatment scheme. The refinery withonce-through cooling water may con-tinue to discharge that water.

The guideline takes into considerationthe difference in expected flow causedby varying process complexities by theuse of a process factor that varies thelimits within each subcategory based onprocess configuration. (See "Develop-ment Document"; Section IX.

(14) EPA failed to adequately con-sider factors such as raw material used,products produced, processes, and wastewater constituents.

The use of the process factors directlyconsiders the processes used. The rawmaterials used, products produced andthe waste water constituents are coveredindirectly because each determines or isdetermined by the process configurationof each refinery. (See "DevelopmentDocument"; Section IV; Supplement 3B,"Refinery Configuration Analysi').

(15) No allowances have been madefor malfunctions, breakdowns, and up-sets of the treatment plant. Since it maytake several weeks to recover from asevere upset, a procedure for reportingthese circumstances and obtaining atemporary variance Is necessary.

The guideline Is based on normal op-eratlon. Any consideration of other thannormal operation will be covered in theNPDES permits.

(16) The COD limits are too low be-cause of test tolerances. EPA analyticalmethods state minimum reportable con-centrations 200 mg/i in water with 1,000mg/1 of chloride.

Standard methods tolerance at 150mg/i of COD is ±14 mg/I at 1,000 mg/Iof chloride. There will still be caseswhere extremely high chloride levels willnegate the use of this test and that Isone of the reasons for limits.being setfor three oxygen demanding parameters(BOD5, COD, and TOC).

(17) Data from pilot plant carbonsystems indicate removal efficiencies(percent removal) less than those usedfor BATEA limits. (BOD, COD, oil andgrease).

The pilot plant values used are refer-enced in Table 65 of the DevelopmentDocument. Concentrations, not removalelclencles were used to set BOD andoil and grease limits for BATEA.

(18) The oil and grease limits shouldbe raised because the references In theDevelopment Document showed 10 mg/iattainable from blo-treatment and 7mg/i from activated carbon, yet theguideline Is based on 5 mg/L

FEDMEAL REGISTEr, VOL 39, NO. 91-THURSDAY, MAY 9, 1974

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The guideline limit (BPCTCA) isbased on neither. bio-treatment nor acti-vated carbon, but on a polishing stepafter bio-treatment (i.e., polishing ponds,filters, etc.) (See "Development Docu-ment," sections VII and IX).

(19) Consideration should be givento refineries in northern climates be-cause of the effect of temperature on bio-logical treatment systems.

Of the many refineries currently meet-ing EPA's guidelines for BOD5; severalare located in northern climates (e.g.Billings, Montana; Alma, Michigan).(See supplement B, refinery data).

(20) The Economic Impact Analysisstates, "It is not expected that any sig-nificant economic impact would resultfrom imposing the 1977 and 1983 effluentlimitations." This is not true, especiallyIn the light of the current and future un-stable situation of crude oil supply.

An economic impact analysis of pollu-tion controls on the refinery industrycompleted February, 1974 states "As aresult of recent world developmentsthere is a substantial differential be-tween world cartel prices and U.S. do-mestic oil prices. If this continues, thereis reason to suggest that a number ofthe projected small refinery closuresmight not occur. Certainly the ability toattract long-term financing for pollutionabatement is greatly enhanced by theprice differential that exists." (See sup-plement B, "Impact on Refineries ofPollution Control Regulations", Febru-ary, 1974).

(21) Oil and grease limits should bebased on a maximum effluent concentra-tion of 1 mg/1 and should be limited byconcentration and not on pounds-pro-duction values.

There is neither a; demonstrated treat-ment technology to guarantee I mg/l ofoil and grease effluent concentration, noran accepted analytical procedure tomeasure it.

-(22) Effluent limits should be set aslbs/1000 gals of waste water flow basedon a specified end-of-pipe treatment anda documented flow for each individualrefinery.

This approach does not adequatelyconsider the importance of the in-plantrequirements of BPCTCA (good wateruse, housekeeping, etc.) (See "Develop-ment Document", sections VII and IX).

(23) Ammonia levels based on 80 per-cent removal from the median raw-waste load (API separator effluent) andthe BPCTCA removal step for -ammoniais in-plant in the form of a stripper.

Even though the primary removal ofammonia in a refinery should be doneduring sour water stripping many refin-eries have not optimized toward am-monia removal (units designed for sul-fide removal). The optimization'of strip-ping for ammonia removal or the in-stallation of two stage strippers is con-sidered BPCTCA. In addition, ammoniawill be removed in the treatment plantas it is needed to provide nutrient nitro-gen for the biological system. (See "De-velopment Document", section VII).

(24) The economic impact for the re-moval of chromium and zinc was notconsidered.

The zinc limit has been deleted as aresult of an analysis of the zinc rawwaste loads from over one hundred re-fineries. Only a small percentage of theserefineries' raw waste loads exceeded theguideline zinc limit.

A similar analysis showed almost 50percent of the refineries (using coolingtowers, chromium appears in refinerywastes because of its use as a corrosioninhibitor in recycle cooling systems)meeting the total chromium limits withtheir raw waste. Since the solubility ofCr+3 is less than 0.1 mg/1 between pH6.0 to 9.0, the remaining refineries shouldmeet the guidelines limits by removingthe insoluble Cr+3 along with othersuspended solids.

The reduction of Cr+6 to Cr+3 occursnaturally in a typical refinery waste be-cause of the presence of reducing agentssuch as sulfides and sulfites.

The above factors will mean that noadditional costs (for removal of chro-mium) should be involved for the major-ity of refineries above those required tomeet the other parameter limits. (Seesupplemental B, "Raw Waste Load Sur-vey-Zinc and Chromium").

(25) There is a need to monitor andcontrol all identified pollutants such asTDS, cyanide and various other specificions, in addition to the eleven param-eters already bing monitored and con-trolled.

The parameters limited in the guide-lines are those which are fairly commonto the industry and for which there isexisting technology in use in the indus-try for their removal. The control andmonitoring of any additional parametersmight be called for on an individual basisto meet water quality standards.

(26) Promulgation is considered to beappropriate provided it is subject torealistic revision as new data becomesavailable.

The Act provides for periodic reviewand revisions as appropriate.

(b) Revision of the proposed regula-tion prior to promulgation.

As a result of public comment andcontinuing review and evaluation of theproposed regulation by EPA, the follow-ing changes have been made in the reg-ulation.

(1) As a result of some changes in thesubcategorization (low and high crack-ing combined to form the new crackingsubcategory and the topping subcate-gory being defined as those refinerieswithout cracking) a reevaluation of themedian flows within each subcategorywas made. The changes made are as fol-lows: topping from 12 gal/bbl to 20gal/bbl; cracking from (low), 17 gal/bbl,(high) 21 gal/bbl to 25 gal/bbl; petro-chemical from 25 gal/bbl to 30 gal/bbl;lube from 37 gal/bbl to 45 gal/bbl; andintegrated from 45 gal/bbl to 48 gal/bbl.The parameter limits which are flowbased were adjusted accordingly.

(2) The limits on storm water runofffrom tankflelds and non-process areaswbre changed from 15 mg/1 of TOO andno sheen to 35 mg/1 of TOO and 15 mg/1of oil and grease (both maximums).These limits are set at those same maxi-mum concentrations expected if the run-

off were passed through the treatmentplant.

(3) A further subcategorization of theindustry was made based on process con-figuration and size.

(4) Zinc was eliminated as a parameterto be limited industry wide, Further eval-uation of the API/EPA Raw Waste LoadSurvey showed only a small percentageof the industry over the zinc limits set.

(5) The ammonia limits were changcedbased on the changes in the subeategorl-zation.

(6) The ratio of TOO/BOD5 Waschanged from 1.8 to 2.2.

(7) Once-through cooling water wasexcluded from the production based allo-cation and a maximum concentration of5 mg/i of TOO was set.

(8) The daily maximum values' wereincreased to reflect a 99 percent prob-ability of occurrence. This was done tolimit the number of technical violationsof the permit.

(9) Section 304(b) (1) (B) of the Actprovides for "guidelines" to implementthe uniform national standards of section301(b) (1) (A). Thus Congress recognizedthat some flexibility was necessary inorder to take into account the com-plexity of the industrial world with re-spect to the practicability of pollutioncontrol technology. In conformity withthe Congressional Intent and In recogni-tion of the possible failure of these regu-lations to account for all factors bearingon the practicability of control technol-ogy, It was concluded that some provisionwas needed to authorize flexibility in thestrict application of the limitations con-tained in the regulation where requiredby special circumstances applicable to in-dividual dischargers. Accordingly, a pro-vision allowing flexibility In the appli-cation of .the limitations representingbest practicable control technology cur-rently available has been added to eachsubpart, to account for special cireum-stances that may not have been ade-quately accounted for when these regula-tions were developed.(c) Economic impact. The changes

that-were made to the proposed regula-tions for the petroleum refining cate-gory do not substantially affect the initialeconomic analysis. The changes detailedabove reflects a reevaluation of the effi-ciency of various treatment systems andfurther subcategorization of the indus-try to more equitably distribute the eco-nomic burden. These revisions, however,do not effect the conclusions of the eco-nomic impact study.

(d) Cost-benefit analysis. The detil-mental effects of the constituents ofwaste waters now discharged by pointsources within the -Petroleum Refiningpoint source category are discussed inSection VI of the report entitled "Devel-opment Document for Efflent Limita-tions Guidelines for the Petroleum Re-fining Point Source Category".

It is not feasible to quantify in eco-nomic terms, particularly on a nationalbasis, the costs resulting from the dis-charge of these pollutants to our Nation'swaterways. Nevertheless, as indicated inSection VI, the pollutants dischargedhave substantial and damaging Impacts


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on the quality of water and therefore onits capacity to support healthy popula-tions of wildlife, fish and other aquatic

-wildlife and on its suitablity for indus-trial, recreational and drinking watersupply uses.

The total cost of implementing theeffluent limitations guidelines includesthe direct capital and operating costs ofthe ollution control technology em-ployed to achieve compliance and the in-direqt economic and environmental costsidentified in Section Vf and in the sup-plementary report entitled "EconomicAnalysis of Proposed Effluent GuidelinesPetroleum Refining Industry" (December1973). Implementing the effluent limita-tions guidelines will substantially reducethe environmental -harm which wouldotherwise be attributable to the con-tinued discharge of polluted waste watersfrom existing and newly constructedplants in the petroleum refilling indus-try. The Agency believes that the bene-fits of thus reducing the pollutants dis-charged justify the associated costswhich, though -substantial in absolute-terms, represent a relatively small per-centage of the total capital investment inthe industry.

(e) Solid -wast- control. Solid wastecontrol must be considered. The water-borne wastes from the petroleum refin-ing industry may contain a considerablevolume of metals in various forms as apart of the suspended solids pollutant.Best practicable control technology andbest available control tecbnology as theyare known today require disposal of thepollutants removed from waste watersin this industry in the form of solidwastes and liquid concentrates. In somecases these are nonhazardous substancesrequiring only minimal custodial care.However, some constituents may be haz-ardous and may require special consid-eration. In order to ensure long termprotection of the environment fromthese hazardous or harmful constituents,special consideration of disposal sitesmust -be made. All landfill sites wheresuch hazardous wastes are disposedshould be selected so as to prevent hori-zontal and vertical migration of thesecontaminants to ground or surfacewaters. In cases where geologic condi-tions may not reasonably ensure this,adequate precautions (e.g, imperviousliners) should be taken to ensure longterm protectionto the environment fromhazardous materials. Where appropriatethe location of solid hazardous materialsdisposal sites should be permanently re-corded in the appropriate office of thelegal jurisdiction in which the site islocated.

(f) Publication of information onprocesses, procedures, or operatingmethods which results in the elimina-tion or reduction of the discharge ofpollutants.

In conformance with the requirementsof section 304(c) of the Act, a manualentltled, "Development Document forEffluent Limitations Guidelines and NewSource Performance Standards for thePetroleum Refining Point Source Cate-gory," Is being published and will be

available for purchase from the Govern-ment Printing Office, Washington, D.C.20401 for a nominal fee.

(g) Final rulemaknfg. In considera-tion of the foregoing, 40 CFR Ch. I, Sub-chapter N is hereby amended by addinga new Part 419, Petroleum RefiningPoint Source Category, to read as setforth below. An order of the Federal Dis-trict Court for the District of Columbiaentered in "NRDC v. Train" (Civ. No.1609-73) on November 26, 1973, re-quired that the Administrator signfinal effludnt limitations guidelines forthis industry category by March 15, 1974.That order was subsequently modifiedon March 15, 1974, and the date for sign-ing extended until April 15. 1974. On thesame date the District Court orderedthat the effective date for effluent limita-tions guidelines established by its No-vember 26 order remain applicable andnot be affected by the extension in thepublication date. The effective date foreffluent limitations guldelifies for thisindustry established by the Court'sNovember 26 order Is May 12, 1974. Ac-cordingly, good cause is found for thefinal regulation promulgated as set forthbelow to be effective on May 12, 1974.

Dated: April 30, 1974.JOHI QUAULES,

Acting Administrator.Subpart A-Topping Subcategory

Sec.419.10 Applicability* desrlptlon of the top-

ping subcategory.419.11 Specialized definitions.419.12 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently avalable.

419.13 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the appllcatlon of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

419.14 [Reserved)419.15 Standards of performance for new

sources.419.10 Pretreatment standards for new

sourcesSubpart B-Cracking Subcategory

419.20 Applicability; description of thecracking subcategory.

41921 Specialized definitions.419.22 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

senting the degree of effluent.reduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently available.

419.23 Effluent limitations guidelines repre-senting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

19. [ReservedI419.25 Standards of performance for new

sources.419.26 Pretreatment qtandardg for new

sources.Subpart C-Petrochemical Subcategory

419.30 Applicability- descrption of thepetrochemical subcategory.

419.31 Specialized definitions.419.32 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appUl-cation of-the best practicable con-trol technology currently available.

419.33 EMfluent limitations guidelines rep-resenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best available tech-nology economically achievable.

419.34 IReservedl419.35 Standards of performance for new

sources.419.36 Pretreatment standards for new

arurces.Subpart 0--Lube Subcategory

419.40 Applicability; de cription of the lubenubcategory.

419AI Speclalllzd definitions.419.42 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of eMuentreduction attainable by the appli-cation of the best practicable con-trol technology currently avail-able.

410.43 Effluent limitations guidelines rep-re-zentIng the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available tech-nology economically dchlevable.

419.44 Ijezerved]419A3 Standards of performance for new

Eources.419.46 Pretreatment standards lor new

sources.Subpart E-4ntegrated Subcategory

419M0 Applcabillty description of theIntegrated subcategory.

419.31 Specialized definitions.419.02 Effluent limltatfana guidelines rep-

resenting the degree of effluent re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

419.,3 Effluent limitations guidelines repre--enting the degrer of effluent, re-duction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available tech-nology economlcally achievable.

419.54 Ilezerved)419.55 Standards of performance for new

sources.419X6 Pretreatment standards for new

Sources.A-vroxrr: Secs. 301, 304 (b) and (c),

306 (b) and (c) and 307(c) of the FederalWater Pollution Control Act, as amended (theAct); 33 U.S.C. 1251, 1311. 1314 (b) and (c),1316 (b) and (cl and 1317(c); 86 Stat. 816et eeq.; Pub. L. 92-500.

Subpart A-Topping Subcategory§ 419.10 Appliebility; description of

the topping sulcategory.The provisions of this subpart are ap-

plicable to discharges from any facilitywhich produces petroleum products bythe use of topping and catalytic reform-ing whether or not the facility includesany other process in addition to toppingand catalytic reforming. The provisionsof this subpart are not applicable to fa-cllties which include thermal processes(coking, vlsbreaking, etc.) or catalyticcracking.§ 419.11 Specialized definitions.

For the purpose of this subpart:(a) Except as provided below, the gen-

eral definitions, abbreviations and meth-ods of analysis set forth In Part 401 ofthis chapter shall apply to this subpart

(b) The term "runo" shall mean theflow of storm water.

(c) The term "ballast" shall mean theflow of waters, from a ship, which istreated at the refinery. -


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(d) The term "feedstock" shall meanthe crude oil and natural gas liquids fedto the topping units.

(e) The term "once-through coolingwater" shall mean those waters dis-

'charged that are used for the purposeof heat removal and that do not comeinto direct contact with any raw mate-rial, intermediate or finished product.

(f) The following abbreviations shallmean: (1) Mgal means one thousandgallons; (2) Mbbl means one thousandbarrels (one barrel is equivalent to 42gallons).§ 419.12 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

In establishing the linitations setforth in this section, EPA took into ac-count all information it was able to col-lect, develop and solicit with respect tofactors (such as age and size of plant,raw materials, manufacturing processes,products produced, treatment technologyavailable, energy requirements andcosts) which can affect the industry sub-categorization and effluent levels estab-lished. It is, however, possjble that datawhich would affect these limitationshave not been available and, as a resultthese limitations should be adjusted-forcertain plants in this industry. An indi-vidual discharger or other interestedperson may submit evidence to the Re-gional Administrator (or to the State, ifthe State has the authority to issueNPDES permits) that factors relating tothe equipment or facilities involved, theprocess applied, or other such factorsrelated to such discharger are fundamen-tally different from the factors consi-dered in the establishment of the guide-lines. On the basis of such evidence orother available information, the Re-gional Administrator (or the State) willmake a written finding that such factorsare or are not fundamentally differentfor that facility compared to those spec-ified in the Development Document. Ifsuch fundamentally different factors arefound to exist, the Regional Administra-tor or the State shall establish for thedischarger effluent limitations in theNPDES permit either more or less strin-gent than the limitations establishedherein, to the extent dictated by suchfundamentally different factors. Suchlimitations must be approved by the Ad-ministrator of the Environmental Pro-'tection Agency. The Administrator mayapprove or disapprove such limitations,specify other limitations, or initiate pro-ceedings to revise these regulations.

(a) The following limitations estab-lish the quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties, controlled by thisparagraph, which may be discharged bya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart after application of thebest practicable control technology cur-rently available:

Effluent limitations

Effluent Avera of dailycharacteristic Maximum for vaue for 30

any 1 day consecutive daysshallnot exceed-

Metric units (klograms per 1,000 mof feedstock)

BOD5 ---------- --- 22.7 12.0TSS' ---------- -- 13.9, 8.2COD* -------------- 117 60.3Oil and grease ------ 6.9 3.7Phenolic

compounds ....... .168 .070Ammonia as N ----- 2.81 1.27Sulfide ------------- -. 149 .068Total chromium... .345 .20Hexavalent ,

chromium ........ .0071 .0031pI ------------- Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

English units (pounds per 1,000 bblof fedstock)

BOD5 -------------- 8.0 4.25TSS ---------------- 4.9 2.9COD' -------------- 41.2 21.3Oil and grease ------ 2.5 1.3Phenolic

compounds -...- .060 .027Ammonia as N ..... .99 .45Sulfide ------------- -. 053 .024Total chromium .... . .122 .071Hexavalent

chromium ........ .0025 .0011pH ---------------- Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to be multipliedby the following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty con-secutive days.

1 (1) Size factor.1,000 barrels feedstock Size

per stream day factor0 to 49.9 -------------------------- 1.0250 to 99.9---------------------------- 1.21100 to 149.9-------------------------- 1.44150 or greater ------------------------ 1.57

(2) Process factorProcess

Process conflguration factor1.0 to 3.99 ------------------------- 0.604.0 to 6.99 ------------------------ 1.007.0 to 9.99 --------------------------- 1.6610.0 to 12.99 -------------------------- 2.7713.0 to 15.0 or greater ---------------- 4.09

(3) See the comprehensive exampleSubpart D § 419.42(b) (3).

(c) The following allocations consti-tute the quantity and quality of pollut-ants or pollutant properties controlledby, this paragraph and attributable torunoff and ballast, which may be dis-charged after the application of bestpracticable control technology currentlyavailable, by a point source subject tothe provisions of this subpart, in additionto the discharge allowed by paragraph(b) of this section:

(1) Runoff. The allocation allowed forstorm runoff flow, as kg/cu m (lb/m gal),shall be based solely on that storm fio(process area runoff) which is treatedin the main treatment system. All addi-tional storm runoff (from tank fieldsand non-process areas), that has beensegregated from the main waste streamfor discharge, shall not exceed a concen-tration of 35 mg/i of TOC or 15 mg/1of oil and grease when discharged.

Effluent limitatlaha

Effluent Average ofdailycharacteristic Maximum for values for 80

any I day conseutive day3shll not exceed-

Metric units (kilograms per cubicmoter prilow)

BODS ----------.... 0.013 0,020TSS ................ .02 .017COD ----_-------- .37 .1Oil and greaso ------ 015 M0topH ------ .......... Within the range 0.0 to 0.0.

English units (pounds Ocr 1,000gal of flow) -

BOD ............. 0.40 0.21TSS ............... .21 .1COD* ------------- 3.1 1.0O1 and grease----. .

120 .007

p .----------------- ththe range 0.0 to 9.0.

(2) Ballast. The allocation allowedfor ballast water flow, as kg/cu m (lb/Mgal), shall be based on those ballastwaters treated at the refinery.


Effluent Averago otdallycharacteristic Maximum for values for Be

any I day consecutive daysshall not exceed-

Metric units (kilograms per cubicmeter of low)

BODS ............. 0.018 0. 020TSS ................. 029 .017COD* ............. . 47 .21Oil and grease ...... . 015 .003PH_ .....-......... Within the range 0.0 to .0.

English units pounds per 1,000gal O flow)

BOD5 ............. 0.40 0.21TSS ................ .21 .14COD* .............. 3.9 2.0Oil and grease ...... .124 .067pH ----- _-----_-- Within the range 0.0 tot9.0.

(d) The quantity and quality of pol-lutants or pollutant properties con-trolled by this paragraph, attributableto once-through cooling water, are ex-cluded from the discharge allowed byparagraph (b) of this section. Once-through cooling water may be dis-charged with a total organic carbonconcentration' not to exceed 5 mg/I.§ 419.13 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available teclmnologyeconomically achievable.

(a) The following limitations estab-lish the quantity or quality of pollut-

In any casa in which the applicant candemonstrate that the chloride ion concen-tration In the effluent' exceeds 1000 mg/I(1000 ppm), the Regional Administratormay substitute TOO as a parameter In lieuof COD. Effluent limitations for TOO shallbe based on effluent data from the plant cor-relating TOC to BODS.

If In the Judgment of the Regional Ad-ministrator, adequate correlation data arenot available, the effluent limitations forTOO shall be estaiblished at a ratio of 2,2to 1 to the applicable effluent limitations onBODS.

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91-THURSDAy, MAY 9, 1974

16564

ants or pollutant properties, controlledby this paragraph, which may be dis-charged by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart after appli-cation of the best available technologyeconomically achievable:


Effluent Average ofdalychnecteristic Maxhmum for values for S0

any 1 day coscutllv days* halinot exe-

Metric units (kiograms per 1,000 mlof feedstock)

BOD5--..... 2.5 2.0TSS ---------------- 2 .4 2.0COWD-_- ...-- 0.0 S. 0Oil and grease-- .50 .40Phenolic com-

pouds......~n .012 .0090AoasX .68 .51

Sulfide -..... .055 .035Total chromium_- .124 .105Hexavalent

ehroinm.=_ 00 .0017pR .......---------- Within the range 6.0 to 9.0

English units (pounds per 1,000 bbtlof feedstork)

BOD5 M... 092 0.75.83 .75

COD'- .. -. &5 Z8Oil and grese....._ .18 .14Phenolic corn-

ounds.. .00 .0MAmmonia as N_..... 24 .18Suldo..... .019 .015Total chromium_.. .04 .037Hexnvalent .00097

ehromiun-.... 0. .....pl .-.-.-.-----------Within the range 6.0 to 0.0.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to be multipliedby the following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty consec-utive days.

Ci) Size factor1,000 barrels of feedstock per

steam day Size factor0 to 49.9 . -1.0250to 99. ...... 1.21100 to 149.9 -------------------------- 1.44150 or greater ............ ------------------ 1.57

(2) Process factor1.o to .99 .......- - ----- ----------- 0.604.10o6.99 ---------------------------- 1.041.0) to .99........................ 1.6o7.0 to 9.99--- ----_ 1. 6610.0 to 12.99 . .2.'1715.0 to 15.0 or greater ....--------------- 4.09


c) The following allocations consti-tute the quantity and quality of pollut-ants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to run-off and ballast, which may be dischargedafter the application of best availabletechnology, economically achievable by apoint source subject to the provisions ofthis subpart. These allocations are in ad-dition to the discharge allowed by para-graph (b) of this section:

(1) Runoff. The allocation allowed forstorm runoff flow, as kg/cu m (lb/Mgal),shall be based solely on that storm flow


(process area runoff) which Is treated Inthe main treatment system. All addi-tional storm runoff (from tankflelds andnon-process areas), that has been segre-gated from the main waste stream fordischarge, shall not qxceed a concentra-tion of 35 mg/1 of TOo or 15 mg/1 ofoil and grease when discharged.

Effluzt llrtntltons

Effluent A gcr o fd-Mycharcterot f Maximum fa valurs 11r 32

ny I day eenmeative dayrhalina.t a-Csc-

Mctrle unit- (Wcl-rnt I=ecublo metr off-xa)

BOD5 ............ 0.0103 0.0STSB .010COD*- - - . . .2Oil and grease_..... . .0010pI-....... Within tha rargo 6.0 to 0.0.

English unitsg unds Ir

BlOD5, . 0.0 0.071TSS .--------- - .054 .071COD* -_ X'1 .19Oil and grease... . OIS .A1pIL ............. Within the range 0.0 to 9.0.

(2) Ballast. The allocation allowed forballast water flow, as kg/cu in Qb/Mgal),shall be based on those ballast waterstreated at the refinery.

Emluent llttioEffluent Awag.e efdaly

characterstic Maximum fr valuen r alany I day c w- utro daM-

rhall afttexec -

1fdticunits lrarnn per cuta

BODS ........... 0.0103 0.o;TSS-... . .010 . MCOD I_- - .43 .03001! anrddr _s...... OX10 .0017p H . . . . . . ... . . W it h i n th o r a n z o G .0 t o 9 .9 .

Evgl~t units (Pounds M~ 1,000

BODS .---.... 003 0.071TS .............. . 1 fs- .071COD...... .I-- .-- W011 and grew_ .... .018 .OltpIL -------.- Within tha range 6.0 to 9.0.

I In any caso in which the applicant can dcnro-miratothattho chloride ion oncentrntion I the cflmuct exceds1,00 mxgl (100 ppm), the iR1ar-l Aduminltrat r m3,substitute TOC as a pramter in lieu of COD. Effluentlimitations for TOO rshall lo t 'wd on cfflucnt data fromthe plant onrlatrig TO C toIBOD5.

I in the Judgement of the icanal Admnfratrateradequate correlation data are not nvallabo, tho McIif Llimltations far TOO shall bo sAlshed at a ratio of21to I to the appUcablo effluent lnltatonsoan BlOD$.

(d) The quantity and quality of pol-lutants or pollutant properties controlled,by this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/i.§ 419.14 [Reservcd]

16563

§ 419.15 Standards or performnce fornew sources.

(a) The following standards of per-formance establish the quantity or qual-Ity of pollutants or pollutant properties,controlled by this paragraph, which maybe discharged by a new source subjectto the provisions of this subpart:

EfflaetmmItatlans

Efluent A verae of dzlycharnaterta AMimum f~r caue far 30

any 1 day consecutive daysshalneot exceed-

M 1ttM is Wlcg per ,i(=3 ofe c.cck)

BOD5_ _ 11.8 G 6.3TSS._ 7.3 4.0COD ...... G 1 32O1 and gre.....z 3.6 1.9'henavacom- .a3 .043pouad%

AmmraLaasN ... = 2.8 L3Slo. ...... . .078 .033Total chroiunn..m- .13 .1051Xexava!ent .037 .Cw-s

chromium.p11 ............. Within the rargo 6.0 to 9.0.

Eu.Lh uni t (pounds per 1,010bbl of feed-stek)

OD......... 4.2 2.2

COD*-........ 21.3 .701i and ge-- . 3 .70Phcoon cc=- .CMI .01

Aznmenlaa .A%,- 1.0 .43Sulde.__ .027 .01Total hraontiu .. .AC4 .0llewvaent .0013 .0

.... Within the rango 0.0 to 9.0.

'7

S(b) The limits set forth in paragraph

(a) of this section are to be multiplied bythe following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty con-secutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 bbI of feedstockper stream dawy S-e factor0 to 49.9 ----------.--------- - L0250 to 99. ....... -L21100 to 19.9............. 2.. 1.4J150 or greater -..... --- 1.57

(2) Process factorProce s PrOcessconliguration factor1.0 to 3.9 o. 604.0 to 6.9 -----------.-....... . 1.007.0 to 9M.9 ---.. .--- ..---------- ....- 1-610.0 to 12.99- - 2- 713.0 to 15.0 or greater ........ 4.09

(3) See the comprehensive exampleSubpart;D § 419.42(b) (3).

c) The following allocations consti-tute the quantity and quality of pol-lutants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to runoffand ballast, which may be discharged bya new source subject to the provisions ofthis subpart, These allocations are in ad-dition to the discharge allowed by para-graph (b) of this section:


16566

(1) Runoff. The allocation allowed forstorm runoff flow, as kg/cu m (lb/Mgal),shall be based solely on that storm flow(process area runoff) which is treated in.the main treatment system. All addition-al storm runoff (from tankfields andnon-process areas), that lias been seg-regated from the main waste stream fordischarge, shall not exceed a concentra-tion of 35mg/1 of TOC or-15 mg/I of oiland grease when discharged.


Effluent Average ofdailycharacteristic Maxtmum for values for 30

any 1 day - consecutive days- sbanot exceed-

Metric units (kilograms per cubicmeter of now)

DOW ------------- 0.048 0.026TS ................ . 020 .017COD--::::--::::::::.'37 .19Oil and grease .015 .00pH ........----..... Within the range 6.0 to 0.0.

English units (pounds per 1,000I gal of flow)

BOD5 ............. 0.40 0.21TSS ................ .24 .14COD* ............. 3.1 1.6Oil and grease ...... .126 .067 -pH -- ---.......... Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

(2) Ballast. The allocation allowed forballast water flow, as kg/cu m lb/Mgal),shall be based on those ballast waterstreated at the refinery.


Effluent Average of dailycharacteristic Maximum for values for 30

any 1 day consecutive daysshall not exceed-

Metric units (kilograms per cubic, meter of flow)

BOD5 ............. 0.048 0,026.-T8 -................ . 029 .017COD I ............. .47 - .24Oil and grease ...... .015 .008pH ............... Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

E ngish units (pounds per 1,000 galofflow) ,

DOD5 .............. 0.40 0.21TSS ................ .24 .14COD A ............. 3.9 2.0Oil and grease ...... .126 .067pH ............... Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

I In any case In which the applicant can demonstratethat the chloride Ion concentration in the effluent exceeds1,000 mng/ (1,000 ppm), the Regional Administrator maysubstitute TOC as a parameter inlien of COD. Effluentlimitations for TOC shal be based on effluent data fromthe plant correlating TO C to BOD5.

If In the judgement of the Regional Administrator,adequate correlation data are not available the effluentlimitations for TO O shall be established at'a ratio of 2.2to 1 to the applicable effluent limitations on ROD5.

(d) The quantity and quality of pol-lutants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-


through coolini water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through cooling wa-ter may be discharged with a total or-ganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/I.§ 419.16 Pretreatment standards for new

sonrce .

The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act for a sourcewithin the topping subcategory, which isa user of a publicly owned treatmentworks (and which would be a new sourcesubject to section 306 of the Act, if itwere to discharge pollutants to the navi-gable waters), shall be the standard setforth in Part 128 of this chapter, exceptthat, for the purpose of this section,§ 128.133 of this chapter shall be amendedto read as follows: "In addition to theprohibitions set forth in § 128.131 of thihchapter, the pretreatment standard for

'incompatible pollutants introduced intoa publicly owned treatment works shallbe the standard of performance for newsources specified in § 419.15; Provided,That, if the publicly owned treatmentworks which receives the pollutants iscommitted, in its NPDES permit, to re-move a specified percentage of any in-compatible pollutant, the pretreatmentstandard applicable to users of suchtreatment works shall be correspondinglyreduced in stringency for that pollutant."

Subpart B--Cracking Subcategory§ 419.20 Applicability; description of

the cracking subcategory.The provisions of this subpart are* ap-

plicable to all discharges from any fa-cility'which produces petroleum productsby the use of topping and cracking,whether or not the facility includes anyprocess in addition to topping and crack-ing. The provisions of this subpart arenot applicable however, to facilitieswhich include the processes specified inSubparts C, D, or E of this part.§ 419.21 Specialized definitions.


eral definitions, abbreviations and meth-ods of analysis set forth in Part 401 ofthis chapter shall apply to this subpart.

(b) The term "runoff" shall mean theflow of storm water.

(c) The term "ballast" shall meanthe flow of waters, from a ship, which Isto be treated at the refinery.


(e) The term "once-through coolingwater" shall mean those waters dis-charged that are used for the purpoke bfheat removal and that do not come into

direct contact with any raw material, In-termediate or finished product.


representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the apulica-'tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

In establishing the limitations setforth In this section, EPA took into ac-count all information It was able to col-lect, develop and solicit with respect tofactors (such as age and size of plant,raw materials, manufacturing processes,products produced, treatment technol-ogy available, energy requirements andcosts) which can affect the industry sub-categorization and effluent levels estab-lished. It is, however, possible that datawhich would affect these limitations

,have not been available and, as a result,these limitations should be adjusted forcertain plants in this industry. An In-dividual discharger or other interestedperson may submit evidence to the Re-gional Administrator (or to the State, Ifthe State has the authority to IssueNPDES permits) that factors relating tothe equipment or facilities Involved, theprocess applied, or, other such factorsrelated to such discharger are funda-mentally different from the factors con-sidered in the establishment of the guide-lines. On the basis of such evidence orother available information, the Re-gional Administrator (or the State) willmake a written finding that such factorsare or are not fundamentally different forthat facility compared to those specifiedin the Development Document, If suchfundamentally different factors arefound to exist, the Regional Administra-tor or the State shall establish for thedischarger effluent limitations In theNPDES permit either more or less strin-gent than the limitations establishedherein to the extent dictated 'by suchfundamentally different factors. Suchlimitations must be approved by the Ad-ministrator of the Environmental Pro-tection Agency. The Administrator mayapprove or disapprove such limitations,specify other limitations, or Initiate pro-ceedings to revise these regulations.

(a) The following limitations estab-lish the quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties, controlled bythis paragraph, which may be dischargedby a point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart after application ofthe best practicable control technologycurrently available:

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39,-NO. 91-THURSDAY, MAY 9, 1974



Effluent Average ofdatlycharacteristio '.iaximum for values for 30

any I day contive*2ry

Metric units(kilograms per 1,000 m3 of feedstock)

RO D _ . -..-.. =. 28.2 15.6TSS....---- 17.1 10.2COD I ......... 210 109Oil and grease_._: 8.4 4.5'Phenolic

compounds .21 .10Amnoniass N__.. 18.8 8.5Sufide ........ 8Js .062Total chromium_-. -43 .25Heravalent

chromium._.. : .OOS7 .0040p H..... Within the range 0.0 to 9.0.

English units(pounds per 1,000 bbl of feedstock)

9.9 5.5TSS .. .. &A 3.6COID....... 74 3&.4Oil and grease..... 3.0 L6.Phenoliccompounds...... .074 .013A.%nmonia as b.... 6.6 3.0Sulfide G.... .05 .02-Total chromium... .15 .06811exavalent

chromium .---- .0031 .0014p -- _ __.... Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

1 in any case in which the applicant can demonstratethattthe chloride ion concentra ion in the effluent exceedsIO Og/1 (1,oO ppm). the Regional Administrator maysubstitute TO C as a parameter in lieu of COD. ] fluentlimitations for TOO shall be based on effluent data fromthe plant correlating TOO to BOD5.

If in the judgement of the Regional Administratoradequate correlation data are not available, the effluen.limitations for TOO shall be established at a ratio 6f2.2 to I to the applicable effluent limitations on BOD5.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to be multiplied bythe following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty consec-utive days.

(1) Sizefactor1,000 barrels of feedstock per Size

stream day factor0 to 34.9---------------------------- 0.8935 to 74.9 --------------------------- 1.0075 'to 109.9 ---------------------.. . 1.14110 to 149.9 ---- -- - 1.31150 or greater ----------------------- 1.41

(2) Process factor

Process configuration Process factor1.5 to 3.49 ....... . . ...............- 0.583.50 to 5.9-- - 0.815.50 to 7.49 ---- --------------------- 1.13'.50 to 9.49 ------------ ---- 1.609.50 to 10.50 or greater-.........--- 1.87

(3)'See the comprehensive exampleSubpart D § 419.42(b) (3).

(c) The provisions of. § 419.12(c) (1)and (2) apply to discharkes of processwaste water Pollutants attributable to

storm water runoff and ballast water by

a point source subject to the provisions

of this subpart.(d) The quantity and quality of pollut-

ants or pollutant properties controlled by

this paragraph, attributable to once-

through cooling water, are excluded from

the discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged a total organiccarbon concentration not to exceed 5mg/L§ 419.23 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of tie Lest available technologyceonomically achievable.

(a) The following limitations establishthe quantity or quality of pollutants orpollutant properties, controlled by thisparagraph, which may be discharged by apoint source subject to the provisions ofthis subpart after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable:

EffluzntlimltnalonsEfflunt Avcnr-e0fdally

cbaractc lstio 3taslmum for values for 33any 1 day co-"servo days

drle units (k1Iec.:ams perl,2.Mm of fredrieck)

30D_.... 3.4 2.7TSS ............. 3.2 2.7COD 2 . . 9.2 15.401 and grease._ . .Phenolic com-

pounds-----..;...... .010 .011Amniaos N__.. 4.0 3.5Sulfide ....- .05 .0tsTotal chromium_.. .1 .14Hexavalent

chromium--. .05 .02p13 ............... Within the rung- .0 to 9.0.

Englsh units (pounds per1,00 bbl of feed-iock)

BOD ....... L2" 0.cT8 ................ 1.2 .0COD G.8 .4Oil and grease ...... .21 .19Phenolic com-

pounds .......... . .03Ammonla as 1___ L6 1.2Sulfide--..... . AM .G17Total chromium- .0S .00Hexavalent

ebromiuma.. ..... .0013 .0003p1l .... .... Within tr rangu 0.0 to 9.0.

I In any case In which the uplicant Can d-snzrustatothat the chlorido Ion concentraton In thQ Cmuent ex-ceeds 1,0)3 mp-l (I.00 pm), tb Regional Adanristrator may sur. tuta TC as a paraintcr In isa ofCOD. Eflunent limiltations for TOO doll Ircd aeffluent data from tho plant cndnz TOC to BOD$.

SIn utho judgment of the teglir Admialntratcr

adequate correlation data nr not .-allai. lhe cflluullimittions for TOO shall ho established ut a ratio of2.2 to 1 to tho applicable efiluent limit0als on B 0D:.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to be multipliedby thd following factors to calculate themaximum average of daily values forthirty consecutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrels of feedstock

per strcam day Sizc factor-to 34.9 - 0.19

35 to 7. .. . . 1.00

70 to 19.94.............. 1.14110 to 1re ... . . . 1.41150 or greater ......... ----- 4-1~

(2) Process factorProcess conflguratfon Process factor1.5 toA 3.. . ...... 0.582.50 to 5.49- 0.815.50 to 7.49 1.137.50 to 9.49 .............. 1.609.50 to 10.50 or greater .1.87

(3) See the comprehensive example'Subpart D § 419.42(b) (3).

Cc) The provisions of §419.13(c) (1)and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart.

(d) The quantity and quality of pollu-tants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/I.

§ 419.24 [Reserved]§ 419.25 Standards of performance for

new sources(a) The following standards of per-

formance establish the quantity or qual-ity of pollutants or pollutant properties,controlled by this paragraph, which maybe discharged by a new source subjectto the provisions of this subpart:

Effluent lImitaf ens

Effl nt AverageofdailyebaraznItlt lLazmum nr valuems far 30o

any I day consecutlve daysshall not exceed-

Mfetric units (kilogras rer1,00 =

1 of f r- tock)BO'D$__ _ 2G.3 8.7'rq3.... 9.9 5.8COD ___ 113 61Oil andgrea-..... 4.8 2.G

compeounds...... .119 X43Ammonla rs. N. Iss S.GSui ld ....... .10 _043Total chromium .21 .14Hexavalent

ehromium.... . .04230 .C'-p1l....-_..- Wlthin theranrge .0 to,9.0

Eog-l-h unIts (Pounds per1,0CObblclfoedsffcek)

BODY7_. . 5 31TqS-__ 3.,5 2.0COD' . - 41.5 21Oil and greac__ 1.7 413

eopmud3...... .01-1 .02AmmonIaasN_ 6.6 3.0sulfilde_ -....... .3 .017Total chroium.... .0R .49Hexasnlonul

ehrecmm...... .4M1 .0142p11..... WIthin the ra rge 0 to 9.0.

I In any ewe in wfzrb the appicant can damonstraethat tbch,-Tldelaccn ncntlra*ntintheflo_texceeds1,0mZm 1 (1.20. ppm). the Regional Adml i-raormayeubctJtute TOO a3 aT-arneterin lznof COD. E1hiuntllmItatIs for TOC rhall to based on e2aent datafrem the plant cabUltnl TOO to BOD$.

It In the JudgZment of the Reglanal AdmlnL-ratc,rlequato .caiden data are rot ava labe, the effluentlmiltalions far TOO Ehall to estlablLhadut a rato of2.2 to I to the appllab!o cmfuct lraltaton on BODE.

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91-THURSDAY, MAY 9, 1974No. 91-Pt. 11-2

16567


(b) The limits set forth in paragraph'(a) of this section are to be multipliedby the following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximum -average of daily values for thirty con-secutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrels of feedstock 'Size

per stream day factor0 to 34.9 ---------------------------- 0.8935 to 74.9 --------------------------- 1.0075 to 109.9 --------------------- .14110 to 149.9 ------------------------- 1.31150 or greater ----------------------- 1.41


Process configuration factor1.5 to 3.49 --------------------------- 0.583.50 to 5.49 --------------------------. 815.50 to 7.49 -------------------------- 1.137.50 to 9.49 ------------------------- 1.609.50 to 10.50 or greater --------------- 1.87


(c) The provisions of § 419.15(c) (1)and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart.

(d) The quantity and quality of pol-lutants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/l.

§ 419.26 Pretreatment standards for newsources.

The pretreatment standards under sec-tion 307(c) of the Act for a source withinthe cracking subcategory, which is a userof a publicly owned treatment works (andwhich would be a new source subject tosection 306 of the Act, if it were to dis-charge pollutants to the navigablewaters), shall be the standard, set forthin Part 128 of this chapter, except that,for the purpose of this section, § 128.133of this chapter shall be amended to readas follows: "In addition to the prohibi-tions set forth in § 128.131 of this chap-ter, the pretreatment standard for in-compatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works shall bethe standard of performance for nevsources specified in § 419.25: Provided,That, if the publicly owned treatmentworks which receives the pollutants iscommitted, in its NPDES permit, to re-move a specified percentage of any in-compatible pollutant, the pretreatmentstandard applicable to users of suchtreatment works shall be correspond-ingly reduced in stringency for thatpollutant." I

Subpart C--Petrochemical Subcategory§ 419.30 Applicability, description of

the petrochemical subcategory.The provisions of this subpart are ap-'

plicable to all discharges from any facilitywhich produces petroleum products bythe use of topping, cracking and petro-

chemical oper.tions, whether or not thefacility includes any process in additionto topping, cracking and petrochemicaloperations. The provisions of this sub-,part shall not be applicable however, tofacilities which include the processesspecified in Subparts D or E of this part.

§ 419.31 Specialized definitions.



(b) The term "runoff" shall mean the,flow of storm water.

(c) The term "ballast" shall mean theflow of waters, from a ship, which is tobe treated at the refinery.

(d) The term "feedstock" shall meanthe crude oil and natural gas liquidsfed to the topping units.

(e) The term "once-through coolingwater" shall mean those waters dis-charged that are used for the purposeof heat removal and that do not comeinto direct contact with any raw ma-terial, intermediate or finished product.

(f) The term "petrochemical opera-tiong" shall mean the production of sec-ond generation petrochemicals (i.e. alco-hols, .ketones, cumene, styrene, etc.) orfirst generation petrochemicals and iso-merization products (i.e. BTX, oleftns,cyclohexane, etc.) when 15 percent ormore of refinery production is as firstgeneration petrochemicals and Isomeri-zation products.

(g) The following abbreviations shallmean: (1) Mgal means one thousand gal-lons; (2) Mbbl means one thousand bar-rels (one barrel is equivalent to 42gallons).

§ 419.32 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

In establishing the limitations setforth in this section, EPA took into ac-count all information it was able to col-lect, develop and solicit with respect tofactors (such as -age and size of plant,raw materials, manufacturing processes,products produced, treatment technologyavailable, energy requirements andcosts) which can affect the industry sub-categorization and effluent levels estab-lished. It is, however, possible that datawhich would affect these limitations havenot been available and, as a result, theselimitations should be adjusted for cer-tain plants in this industry. An individ-ual discharger or other interested personmay submit evidence to the RegionalAdministrator (or to the State, if theState has the authority to issue NPDESpermits) that factors relating to theequipment or facilities involved, theprocess applied, or other such factors re-lated to such discharger are fundamen-tally different from the factors consid-ered in the establishment of the guide-lines. On the basis of such evidence orother available information, the Re-gional Administrator (or the State) willmake a written finding that such fac-

V

tors are or are not fundamentally dif-ferent for that facility compared to thosespecified in the Development Document.If such fundamentally different factorsare found to exist, the Regional Adminis-trator or the State shall establish forthe discharger effluent limitations in theNPDES permit either more or less strin-gent than the limitations establishedherein, to the extent dictated by suchfundamentally different factors. Suchlimitations must be approved by theAdministrator of the EnvironmentalProtection Agency. The Administratormay approve or disapprove such limita-tions, specify other limitations, or initi-ate proceediigs to revise these regula-tions.

(a) The following limitations estab-lish the quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties, controlled bythisparagraph, which may be discharged bya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart after application of thebest practicable control technology cur-rently available:

Effluent lilmitations

-Effluent Average otdallyehara.teristio MI.Xmumn for value.s for 30

any I day coneetitive daygshall not exc ed'-

Metric units (kl'rans per 1,0(0n of feCdtocek)

BOD .............. 34.0 18.4TSS --------........ 20.0 12.0COD ..---------- 210 109Oil and greav.e... 11.1 5. 9Phenolfc com-

pounds .......... .25 *120Amnonia as N ----- 23.4 10.0Sulfide .............. 22 .099Total chromium_ ... .62 .30Hexavalent chro-

milum ------------ .0115 .001pH ................. Within the range 0.0 to 9.0.

English units (pounds per 1,00bbl of fecdstock)

BOD5 ------------ 12.1 0, 6TSS -------------- -73 4.25COD I ............. 74 a.4Oil and greas-o - 3.9 2.1Phenolic com-

pounds ------------ 0M 0125Ammonia a N ..... 8.25 3.8Sulfide ............ . 074 .035Total chromum..... . 183 .107Hexavalent chro-

mium ------------. 0010 .0014pH ----- .......... within the range 0.0 to 0.0.

I In any caso In which the applicant can demonstratethat the chloride Ion concentration In the effluent execmid3,000 mag/1 (1,000 ppm), the fleglonal Admlnlstratormay substitute TOO as a parameter In lieu of COD,Effluent limitations for TOO shalt be based on effluentdata from the plant correlating TOO to 1OD5,

If in the judgement of the Regional Adiministratoradequate correlation data are not available, the eliuentlimitations for TOO shall be (stablIshed at a ratio of 2.2to 1 to the applicable effluent limitations on hOD5,

(b) The limits set forth In paragraph(a) of this section are to be multipliedby the following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty consec-utive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrels of feedstock

per steam day St factorO to 49.9 -----------------------------. 0,7350 to 99.9 --------------------------. 87100 to 149.9 ------------------------- 1.04150 or greater ----------------------- 1. la


16568



configuration Process factor3.25 to 4.74 ........ - 0.674.75 to 6.74----.......... . 916.75 to 8.74 ------------------------- 1.278.75 to 10.25 or greater ------------ 1.64

(3) See the comprehensive exampleSubpart D § 419.42 (b) (3).. (c) The provisions of §419.12(c) (1)

and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point-source subject to the provisionsof this subpart.

(d) The quantity and quality of pollut-ants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling water, are excludedfrom the discharge allowed by paragraph(b) of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mgL..§ 419.33 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree -of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

(a) The following limitations estab-lish the quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties, controlled bythis paragraph, which may be dischargedby a point source subject to the provi-sions of this subpart after application ofthe best available technology economi-cally achievable:


Effluent Average ofdallycharacteristic Maximum for values for 30

any I day consceutive daysshall not exceed-

Metric units (kdlograms per I000WS of feedstoclc)

BOD5 -------------- 4.6 3.7TSS -------------- 4.4 3.7COD I --------- 22 17Oil and grease ...... .90 .72Phenolic com-

pounds ------------ .2 .015AmmoniaasN ---- 5.6 4.2Sulfide ---- -0.. 0- 9 .003Total chromium ... .22 .19Hexavalent •

chromiu ...... .0048 .0031pH -------------- Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

English units (pounds per 1,090 bblof fedstock)

BOD5 -------------- L7 L 3TSS ---------------- L6 L3COD1 - 7.6 6.1O il a n d g r e a s e . . . . .. .1 2 .20Phenolic com-- pounds -----------. 0077 .0051.Ammonia as N ----- 2.0 .15Sulfide --------------.. 035 .02Total chromium___ .0so .00Hexavalent

chromium ---------. 0017 " .0011pH ------------- Within the range 0.0 to 9.0.

I In any case in which the applicant can demonstratethat the chloride ion concentration In the effluent exceeds1,000 mg1 (1.093 ppm), the Regional Administratormay substitute TOG as a parameter In lieu of COD.Effluentlimitations for TOC shall be based on effluentdata from the plant correlating TOO to BODS.

If in the judgement of the Regional AdmInIstrator,adequate correlation data are not available, the effluentlimitations for TOG shall be established at a ratio of2.2 to I to the applicable effluent limitations on BOD5.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a), o fthis section are to be multiplied bythe following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximum

average of daily values for thirty con--secutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 bbl of fecdstock Sc-c

per stream day factor0 to 49.9 ----------- --- 7350 to 99.9 ............. 87100 to 149.9 ---------- -------..... 1.13150 or greater ......---------------- 1.13

(2) Process factorProcess Process

configuration factor3.25 to 4.74 .... - 0.674.75 to 6.74. ......-------- ---. 916.75 to 8.74 ---------....... .--- - 1.278.75 to 10.25 or greater -.......- ...... 1. G4


(c) The provisions of § 419.13(c) (1)and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point source subject to the provisionof this subpart.

(d) The quantity and quality of pl-lutants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling wAter, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/i.

§ 419.34 [Reserved]

§ 419.35 Standards of performance fornew sources.

(a) The following standards of per-formance establish the quantity or qual-ity of pollutants or pollutant properties,controlled by this paragraph, which maybe discharged by a new source subjectto the provisions of this subpart:

EffluentE Avermi ooacharaeterlstic Maximum for %-alucs far 3-

any I day coor ulva dayrhaUl not xc'V'-

Mctrl units (kilograms prr 1.00ml of fctelock)

BOD5 .......... 21.8 11.0TS9 ................ 13.1 7.7COD' .............1) - -Oil and grease ...... 0.6 3.5Phenolic com-

pounds ........... . .11, .077AmmonlasN ----- 234 10.7Sulfide .............. 10 .02Total chromium .32 .19Hexavalent

chromium 0....... . M.0_1pH ............. Withd the range 0.0 to 9.0.

Engtlsh units (pounds rcr 1,000bbl of fixetock)

BOD5 -............. "* .. 4.1TSS.-............... 4.0 2.7COD ............. 47 21Olandgrs e... 2.4 1.3Phenolic com-

pounds ........... ... 020 .0AmonsN ..... 8.3 36SSulfide ............. .-0- .022Totalchromium .110 .003llexavalent

chromium ....... .0024 .MI11pH ................ Withiln tio rue 0.0 to9.0.

' In any elsa In wich the appilmat can dcgmontmathat tho hloride Ion uncentration in the calluclntexcv-da1,000mgl (1.0)3 ppm), tho RtclrgnnlAdmnstratermysubstitute TOO s a parameter in Liu of COD. Efflumntlimitations for TO C h3all IZa baMl oil ef

lllual data fromtheplant corrclatlngTOC to BODs.

If In tho judgement of ttio Rcgional AdmniLratoradequate correation data are not avaltb!o, tho e iiurntlimitations for TO O shall be cstabliohcd at a ratio of 2.2to 1to the applicabla effluent liultattauson BODS.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to be multiplied bythe following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty con-secutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrefs of feeditcfr per Sf--C

stream day factor0 to 49.9 0.7350 to 99Z.. .87ICO to 14t9.9 -- - - - ---- _ _ 1.0?1

1Go or greater.............. 1.13


Procems configuration factor325 to .7-0.67

4.75 to 6.74-__ 916.75 to 8.7 ... 1.78.75 to 10.25 or greater . . ..... 1.64

(3) See the comprehensive exampleSubpartD § 419.42(b) (3).(c) The provisions of § 419.15(c) ()

and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart.(d) The quantity and quality of pol-

lutants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b) .of this section. Once-through cooling wa-ter may be discharged with a total or-gani carbon concentration not to exceed5 mg/l.


The pretreatment standards under sec-tion 307(c) of the Act for a source withinthe petrochemical subcategory, which is auser of a publicly owned treatment works(and which would be a new source subjectto section 306 of the Act, if it were to dis-charge pollutants to the navigable wa-ter), shall be the standard set forth inPart 128 of this chapter, except that, forthe purpose of this section, § 128.133 ofthis chapter shall be amended to read asfollows: "In addition to the prohibitionsset forth In § 128.131 of this chapter, thepretreatment standard for incompatiblepollutants introduced into a publiclyowned treatment works shall be thestandard of performance for new sourcesspecified in § 419.35: Provided, That, ifthe publicly owned treatment workswhich receives the pollutants is com-mitted, in Its NPDES permit, to removea specifled percentage of any incom-patible pollutant, the pretreatmentstandard applicable to users of suchtreatment works shall be correspondinglyreduced in stringency for that pollutant."

Subpart D-Lube Subcategory§.419.40 Applicability; description of

the lube subcategory.

The provisions of this subpmt are ap-plicable to all discharges from any facil-ity which produces petroleum productsby the use of topping, cracking and lubeoil manufacturing processes, whether ornot the facility includes any process inaddition to topping, cracking and lube oilmanufacturing processes. The provisions

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91-THURSDAY, I. AY 9, 1974

16569


of this subpart are not applicable how-ever, to facilities which include theprocesses specified in Subparts C and Eof this part.§ 419.41 Specialized definitions.


eral definitions, abbreviations andmethods of analysis set forth in part 401of this Chapter shall apply to thissubpart.

(b) .The term "runoff" shall mean theflow of storm water.

(c) The term "ballast" shall mean theJlow of waters, from a ship, which is tobe treated at the refinery.


(e) The term "once-through cooling.water" shall mean those waters dis-charged that are used for the purposeof heat removal and that do not comeinto direct contact with any raw mate-rial, intermediate or finished product.


representing tise degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best practica le controltechnology currently available.

In establishing the limitations setforth in this section, EPA took into ac-count all information it was able tocollect, develop and solicit with respectto factors (such as age and size of plant,raw materials, manufacturing processes,products produced, treatment technologyavailable, energy requirements andcosts) which can affect the industry sub-categorization and effluent levels es-tablished. It is, however, possible thatdata which would affect these limita-tions have not been available and, as aresult, these limitations should be ad-justed for certain plants in this industry.An individual discharger or other in-terested person may submit evidence tothe Regional Administrator (or to theState, if the State has the authority toissue NPDES permits) that factors re-lating to the, equipment or facilities in-volved, the process applied, or other suchfactors related to such discharger arefundamentally different from the factorsconsidered in the establishment of theguidelines. On-the basis of such evidenceor other available information, theRegional Administrator (or the State)will make a written finding that, suchfactors are or * are not fundamentallydifferent for that facility compared tothose specified in the Development Docu-ment. If such fundamentally differentfactors are found to exist, the RegionalAdministrator or the State shall es-tablish for the discharger effluent limita-tions in the NPDES permit either more.or less stringent than the limitationsestablished herein, to the extent dictatedby such fundamentally different factors.Such limitations must be approved bythe Administrator of the EnvironmentalProtection Agency. The Administrator

may approve or disapprove such limita-tions, specify other limitations, or 1ni-tiate proceedings to revise these regula-

-tions.(a) The following limitations estab-

lish the quantity or quality qf pollu-tants or pollutant properties, controlledby this paragraph, which may be dis-charged by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart after applica-tion of the best practicable control tech-nology currently available:



any I day consecutive daysshall not exceed-

Metric units (kilograms Der 1,000_m of feedstock)

BOD5 --------- 50.6 25.8TSS-............ 31.3 18.4COD I ------------- 30 187Oil and grease ------ 16.2 8.5Phenolic com-pounds ----------- -. 38 .sir

.AmmonlaosN. * 23.4 10.0Sulfide ------.....-- .33 .150Total chromium... . .77 .45HexavalentchroWitihi.. n 017 .0076

pH --------..----- Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

English units (pounds per 1,000bbl of feedst ck)

BODS. -------------- 17.9 9.1TSS ---------------- " 11.0 6.5COD I ------------- 127 00Oil and greaso..... 5.7 3.01Phenolic com-

pounds ----------- -. 133 .005Ammonia asN ..... 8.3 3.8Sulfide ---..... .118 .053Total chromiltm_. .273 .160Hexavalent

chromium._ .:.__ .0059 .0027pH ............. Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

IIn any case in which the applicant can demonstratethat the chloride ion concentration in the effluent exceeds3,000 mg/i (1,000 ppm), the Regional Administratormay substitute TOO as a parameter In lieu of COD.Effluent limitations for TOO shall bo based on effluentdata from the plant correlating TOO to BQD6.

If In the judgement of the Regional Administrator,adequate correlation data are not available, the effluentlimitations for TOO shall he established at a ratio of2.2 to 1 to the applicable effluent limitations on BOD5.

(b) The limits set forth In paragraph(a) of this section are to be multipliedby the following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty con-secutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrels olfeedstock per skosteam day factor

S0 to 69.9 ------------------------ 0, '7170 to 109.9 ------------------------- .81110 to 149,9 .----------------------- .03.150 to 199.9 ----------------- 0....... 1200 or greater ---------------------- 1,10

(2) Process factorProcess Progresa

configuration factor6.0 or less to 8.0 ---------------------- 0.0,88.0 to 9.99 --------------------------- 1,2310.0 to 11.99 ------------------------- 1,7412.0 to 14.0 or greater ----------------- 2.44

(3) Example of the application of thoabove factors.

Calculatlon of the rocess conflguration

Process 'roceces Included Weghltilngcategory factor

Crude ........ Atm. crude distillation 1..... IVacuum crude distillation.Dcsaltlng.

Cracking Fluid cat cracking .......... 0and Vls-brcaklig.

Thermal cracking.

Movtug bed cat. cracking.Hydrocracking.Fluid coking.Delayed coking.

Lube-..... Further defined In the do 13vclopment document,

Asphalt ..... Asphalt production ......... 1 2Asphalt oxidation.Asphalt emulsifying.

ExAx .- Zube refinery 125 1,000 0l per stream day throughput

Capacity Capacity Weighting 'roc:.fngProcess (1,000 bbl per relative to factor configurailon

stream day) throughput

Crude:Atm -------- ----- 125 1Vacuum-------------------------... 80 .- ,8

Desalting-----------........ 125 1

TotL .... .-- . .. ...------- 2.,i X 1 -- 2.49Cracking-FC -................................ 41 .328Hydrocra king -...... ....--- .------ - 20 .160

TotaL -------------------------------------------- - .- 88 X 0 a 2,3Luhes .. ----------------------------------------- 5 .3 .012

4.0 .0324.9 .03

Tow1-- . . ..------------------------ ----------- .113 X 13 L 147Asphalt --------------------- -------------------- 4.0 0.032 X 12 .33

- Refinory procem, conlguration T ,20

NOTESgee table § 419.42(b) (2) for process factor. Proces factor=0.S. .See table § 419.42(b)(I) for size factor for 125 1,000 bbl per stream day lubo roncry. Size faror-0....To calculate the limits for each parameter, multiply the limit § 419.42(a) by both tho rcessfotor and rc f fotoriBOD51 limit (maximum for any 1 day) =n.8X0.88X0.93=9.7 lb. per 1,000 bbl of fccisock.

(c) The provisions of § 419.12 (c) (1) storm water runoff and ballast water by aand (2) apply to discharges of process point source subject to the provisions ofwaste water pollutants attributable to this subpart.

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91-THURSDAY MAY 9, 1974

16570


(d) The quantity and quality of pollut-ants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to onlce-through cooling water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/l.

§ 419.43 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the applica-tion of the best available technologyeconomically achievable.

(a) The following limitations estab-lish the quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties, controlled by thisparagraph, which may be dischargedbya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable:

Effluent limltations

Effluent Averageof dallycharacteristic Maxnuan for values for 30

any 1 day consecutive daysshailnot exceed-

Metricunits (dlograms per 1,000m3 of feedstock)

BOD5 --------------- 7.8T .---------------- 7.4COD 1 ------------ 40Oil and grease ----- 1.4Phenolic corn- .034

pounds.Ammonia as _ 5.6Sulfide .16Total chromium.___ .3611exavalent chrom- .00si

ium.pL .-------------- Within the range 6.0 to

Englsh units (poundsbbl of feedstoc

BOD..------------ 2.7TSS .-------------- -2.6COD I ------------- 13.8Oil and grease ------ .50Phenolic corn- .012•pounds.A=monia as N ----- 2.0Sulfide --------- .055

- Total chromium--_- .13iexavalent chrom- .002inm.

.pM --.............. Within the range 6.0 to

In any case in which the applicant canthat the chloride Ion concentration in the efll1,000mg1l (1,000 ppm), the Regional Admin]substitute TO O as a parameter in lieu of COlimitations for TOC shall be based on eflluenthe plant correlating TOC to BOD5.

If in the judgement of the Regional Adadequate correlation data are not available,limitations for TOO shall be established atto I to the applicable effluent limitations on

(b) The limits set forth in pa(a) of this section are to be nby the following factors to calcimaximum for any one day and maverage of daily values for thisecutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrels of feedstockper stream day S30 to 69.9-----------------------70 to 109.9......................110 to 149.9150 to 199.9 ------200 or greater -------------------

6.36.3

321.1

.024

4.2.10.31.0052

9.0.

(2) Process factorProcess conflguration Process factor6.0 or less to 7.99 ----------- 0.888.0 to 99 ----------------------- - 1.2310.0 to 11.99 ------------..----....- 1.7412.0 to 14.0 or greater ---------------- 2.44


(c) The provisions of § 419.13(c) (1)and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart.

(d) The quantity and quality of pol-lutants or pollutant properties con-trolled by this paragraph, attributable toonce-through cooling water, are excludedfrom the discharge allowed by paragraph(b) of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/i.

§ 419.44 [Reserved]

§ 419.45 Standards of performance for. new sources.

(a) The following standards of per-formance establish the quantity or qual-ity of pollutants or pollutant properties,controlled by this paragraph, which may.be discharged by a new source subjectto the provisions of this subpart:

Emuent limltattons

Effluent Averegefdallycharactcristlc Maximum fzr values fr 30

any I day CGOnCutiw das

er11000 Metric units (klraSl.(

2.2 DODS. ............. L0 1-.42.2- TSS . 20. 12.1

11.0 COD ........... 245 12.40 Ol and grease ...... 10.5 5..0067 Phenolic com- .23 12

pounds.1.5 Ammonlas N.... 23.4 10.7

.035 Sulfide ............. . .220 .10

.11 Total chroium.-. .52 .31

.0018 Hexavalent .0115 .0a2chromium-

9.0. p1 ................. ithin the raazo 6.0 to 9.0.

English units Cpcunds pr 1,000 bbldemonstrate cf tcclstock)uent exceedsstrator may BOD5 ............. 12.2 6.5D. Effluent TS ............ 7.3 4.3it data from COD' .....- - 7 45

Olandgmm_....... 3.8 .0ministrator Phenollo .0s3 .013the effluent tompcundsa ato of 2.2 . rifoa N .------ 8.3 ,8BOD5. Sulfide ............. .07 ,05

Total chromium-.. .1S .105ragraph exavalent -......... .0 .,001u lli p . . ..c.romium.Iultiplied pll ----------------- Within the range .0 to 9.0.

ulate thetaximumrty con-

ize factor0.71

.81

.931.09

--- 1.19

I In any case in which the applcnt can demcetratothat the chloride Ion concentration in the eoflurnt exceaI.,00sn (1.000 ppm), the letonalAdmirtra ysubs=tute TOO asn piramctcrin lie of COD. Effluentlimitations for TOC shall b3 based on effluent data fromthe plant correlating TOO to BODS

If In the Judgcmeant of the Regional AdminLiratoradequate correlation data arc net avaiab!z, th e tlluca(limitations for TOC shall be estnblishe at ratio f 2to I to the appllcable effllut lmitallo n DODS.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to be multipliedby the following factors to calculate the

maximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty con-secutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrels of feedstocL-

per steam, day Siz.e factor30 to . 0.7170 to 109,9 .81110 to 149.9 .------ 93150 to 199 . ...... 1.c9200 or greater ......... 1.19

(2) Process factorProcess conafguration Process factor6.0 or lesa to 7.99 0...._.888.0 to 9.99 1.2310.0 to 11.9 . ....... 1.7412.0 or greater .. - ....... 2.44


(c) The provisions of §419.15(c) (1)and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point source subject to the provision ofthis subpart.

(d) The quantity and quality of pol-lutants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/1.


The pretreatment standards undersection 307(c) of the Act for a sourcewithin the lube subcategory, which is auser of' a publicly owned treatmentworks (and which would be a new sourcesubject to section 306 of the Act, if itwere to discharge pollutants to the nav-igable waters), shall be the standard setforth in Part 128 of this chapter, exceptthat, for the purpose of this section,§ 128.133 of this chapter shall beamended to read as follows: "In additionto the prohibitions set forth in § 128.131of this chapter, the pretreatment stand-ard for incompatible pollutants intro-duced into a publicly owned treatmentworks shall be the standard of perform-ance for new sources specifiedin § 419.45:Provided, That, if the publicly ownedtreatment works which receives the pol-lutants is committed, in its NPDES per-mit, to remove a specified percentage ofany incompatible pollutant, the pre-treatment standard applicable to users ofsuch treatment works shall be corre-spondingly reduced in stringency for thatpollutant."

Subpart E-Integrated Subcategory

§ 419.50 Applicability; description ofthe integrated subcategory.

The provisions of this subpart are ap-.plicable to all discharges resulting from.any facility which produces petroleumproducts by the use of topping, cracking,lube oil manufacturing processes, andpetrochemical operations, whether or not

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91--THURSDAY MAY 9, 1974

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the facility includes any.process in addi-tion to topping, cracking, lube oil manu-facturing processes and petrochemicaloperations.§ 419.51 Specialized definitions.



(b) The term "runoff" shall mean theflow of storm water.

(c) The term "ballast" shall mean theflow of waters, from a ship, which is tobe treated at the refinery.


(e) The term "once-through coolingwater" shall mean those waters dis-charged that are used for the purposeof heat removal and that do not comeinto direct contact with any raw mate-rial, intermediate or finished product.

(f) The term "petrochemical opera-tions" shall mean the production of sec-ond generation petrochemicals (i.e.,alcohols, ketones, cumene, styrene, etc.)or first generation petrochemfcaL andisomerization products (i.e., BTX, oIegn,cyclohexane, etc.) when 15% or more ofrefinery production is as first generationpetrochemicals and isomerization prod-ucts.

(g) The following abbreviations shallmean: (1) Mgal means one thousandgallons; (2) Mbbl means one thousandbarrels (one barrel is equivalent to 42gallons).§ 419.52 Effluent limitations guidelines

representing the degree of effluentreduction attainable by the appica-tion of the best practicable controltechnology currently available.

In establishing the limitations set forthin this section, EPA took into account allInformation it was able to collect, devel-op and solicit with respect to factors(such as age dnd size of plant, raw mate-rials, manufacturing processes, productsproduced, treatment technology avaiI-able, energy requirements and costs)which can affect the industry subcate-gorization and effluent levels established.It is, however, possible that data whichwould affect these limitations have notbeen available and, as a result, theselimitations should be adjusted for cer-tain plants in this industry. An individ-ual discharger or other interested per-son may submit evidence to the RegionalAdministrator (or to the State, if theState has the authority to issue NPDESpermits) that factors relating to theequipment or facilities involved, theprocess applied, or other such factorsrelated to such discharger are fun-damentally different from the fac-tors considered in the establishment ofthe guidelines. On the basis of such evi-dence or other available information,the Regional Administrator (or theState) will make a written finding thatsuch factors are' or are not fundamen-tally different for that facility comparedto these specified in the DevelopmentDocument. If such fundamentally dif-ferent factors are found to exist, the Re-

gional Administrator or the State shallestablish for the discharger effluent lim-itations in the NPDES permit eithermore or less stringent than the limita-tions established herein, to the extentdictated by such fundamentally differentfactors. Such limitations must be ap-proved by the Administrator of the En-vironmental Protection Agency. The Ad-ministrator may approve or disapprovesuch limitations, specify other limita-tions, or initiate proceedings to revisethese regulations.(a) The following limitations estab-

lish the quantity or quality of pollut-ants or pollutant properties, controlledby this paragraph, which may be dis-charged by a point source subject to theprovisions of this subpart after applica-tion of the best practicable control tech-nology currently available:



any 1 day consecutive daysshall not exceed-

BMetric units (Mie rua pr1,0of feedoeatodk) 'BO~ ..z... S544 2&9

TS. ..... 32.8 102

OI and grease.; 17.1 9.IPhenollc com-

pounds ----- .40 .9OzMnmonia as 237 .410Sulfide ..... 35 .159Total chromium .82 .48Hexavalent

chrorinum _-. .017 0075pH. Witin tharango 6.0 tog.0.

English units (pounds per 1,000 bblof feedstock)

BOD6. 19.2 10.2TS ............ IL6 6.8COD' ...........- 136 70011 and grease ------ 6.0 3.Phenolic com-pounds ....-;; .74 .035.A.mo.nias N._ 8a 3.9Sulfid -------------- .124 .05GTotal chromum....., .29 .17Hexavalent

chromlum..:=..= .0062 .O0OWpH --.-.------- Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

1 In any case In which the applicant can demonstratethat the chloride Ion concentration in the effluent ex-ceeds 1,00rag/l (,000 ppm), the Regional Administratormay substitute TOO as a parameter In lieu of COD.Efflueht limitations for TOG shall be based on effluentdata from the plant correlating TOG to BOfl.If In the ludgemuent of the Regional Administrator,adequate correlation data are not available, the effuen;limitations for TOO shall be established at a ratio of2.2 to 1 to the applicable effluent limitations on BOD5*

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to'be multiplied bythe following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and the max-imum average of daily values for thirtyconsecutive-days.

(1) Size factor., O01 barrels of feecdstock per Size

stream cay factor70 to 44 --------------------- 0.6145 to 219. - .--------- -------- . 89220 or greater 1.................. 1-02-


Process conffguration factor6.0 or less to 7.49 ------------------ 0.787.5 to 8.99--" ----------------------- 1.009.0 to 10.5 or greater ------------------ 1.30

(3) See the comprehensive exampleSubpart 1) § 419.42(b) (3).

c) The provisions of § 419.12() (1)and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runofr and ballast water bya point, source sIbject to the provisionsof this subpart.

(d) The quantity and quality of pollut-ants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic concentration not to exceed5 mg/l.

§ 419.53 Effluent limitations guidelinesrepresenting, the degree of effluentreduction attainable by tile applica-tion of the Lest available technolo.yeconomically achievable.

(a) The following limitations estab-lish the quantity or quality of pollutantsor pollutant properties, controlled by thisparagraph, which may be discharged bya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart after application of thebest available technology economicallyachievable:


Effluent Average of dailycharacteristl Maximmn for values for 30

any 1 day conceutivo daysshall not excced-

Metric units kilograms per1,000 m3 of feedstok]

BODS-.... --- ..... .IL8 7.1TSS ................ 1.4 7.1COD 7 34....... 42 3Ollandgreaa_...._ .LT L4Phenolic com-pounds .... .041 .029Ammonia as X.... 0. 4,2Sulfldo ......---- - .19 .12Total chromium.... .41 .37Hexavalent

chromium.- .6692 .0059pH ............... within the range 6.0 to P.a.

English units (pounds per3,000 bbl of fecdstok)

BOD5_z.-......... a.2 2.6TS ................ 3.0 2.6COD' 10.8 13.4Oil and grease ...... . 0 .48Phenollo com-

pounds ._..-s .015 .010Amonlaa 2 .. 0 5Sulfid___. .00 .042Total chromium.__ .15 .13liexavalent

chromium -n.. thi .0033 , 921pL Withi...... n the range 0.0 to 9.0.

rIn any casein which the applIcant can de'monslratothat the chloride Ion concentration In the offluent ex.ceeds 1,000 masg1 (1,000 ppn), the Regional Adiulni-trator may substitute TOO en a parameter In lien ofCOD. Effluant. limlta'Jous for TOO shall ba bwed oneffluent data fronttha plant correlating TOO to BODJ.

If In the Judgement of the Regional Administrator "adequataccactatlon data are not available, the e untlimitations for TOG siall ha established at a ratio of2.2 to I to the applicable effluent limitatlons on DODS.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to be multipliedby the following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty con-secutive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrels of feedstccLk 5t2

per stream day factor70 to 144.9 ---------------------- 0.09145 to 219.9 -------- .89220 or greater ---------------- 1.02


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(2) Process factorProcess Process

configuration factor6.0 or less to 7.49 -------- ---------- 0.787.5 to 8.99 -------------------------- 1.009.0 to 10.5 or greater ---------------- 1.30


(c) The provisions of § 419.13(c) (1)and (2) apply to discharges of processwaste water pollutants atttrbutable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point source subject to the provisions,of this subpart.

(d) The quantity and quality of pollu-tants or pollutant properties controlledby this paragraph, attributable to once-through cooling water, are excluded fromthe discharge allowed by paragraph (b)of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a total or-ganic carbon concentration not to exceed5 mg/l.

§ 419.54 EReserved]

§ 419.55 Standards of performance fornew sources.

(a) The following standards of per-formance establish the quantity or qual-ity of pollutants or pollutant properties,controled by this paragraph, which maybe discharged by a new source subject tothe provisions of this subpart:

Effluent limittlonsEffluent Averageof dally

characteristic Maximum for values for 3aany I day coa_catuvoUd3

Metric units (kilograms per I,W0 mlof feedatock)

BODS -............. 41.6 .TSS .............. 24.7 14.COD 1 -.....--- ----- 23Oiland grease: 12.6 6.7Phenolic core-pounds............ . 30 .14

mona aN .... 23.4 10.7sulfide-----------... .26 .12Total chrominm... .CA .37Eexavalent

chromium ..... . .013 .009pl ----------------- within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

English Units (pounds cr 1,0)) bbt

of feodtock)

BOD5 .---------- 14.7 7.8TSS ---------------- 8.7 5.1COD -------.--- 104 s4Oil and grease..... 4.5 2.4Phenolic

compounds. ...... .105 .051.Ammonia asaN .... 8.3 3.8Sufide .... ..... .093 .012Total chromium.... .220 .13Hexavaient

chromium ...... . 047 .0021p-H- .............. within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

I In any case In which the applicant can demorstrntothat the chloride ton concentration In the efflut exceeds1,004 gl (1 ,0D ppm), the legtonal Admlnlstzrtar maysubstitute TO C as a parameter in lieu of COD. Effluentlimitations for TOO shall be based on effluent data fromthe plant correlating TOO tollODS.

If In the udgment of theognl Adm.nlsttr.adequate correlation data are not available, tire emfucntlimitations for TOO sbaU be established at a ratio of2

to 1 to the applicable effluent limltations on BODS.

(b) The limits set forth in paragraph(a) of this section are to be multipliedby the following factors to calculate themaximum for any one day and maximumaverage of daily values for thirty consec-utive days.

(1) Size factor1,000 barrels of feedstoc:

per stream day Sike factor70 to 144.9 .............. . . . 0.69145 to 219.9 ---------- ------- .89220 or greater ....--- - -.---------- 1.02

(2) Process factor

Processconfiguration Process factor0.0 or le. to 7A9____......... 0.787.5 to 89 .... -------------- 1.009.0 to 10.5 or greater -----------___. 1.30

(3) See the comprehensive exampleSubpart r) § 419.42(b) (3).

(c) The provision of § 419.15(c) (1)and (2) apply to discharges of process'iaste water pollutants attributable tostorm water runoff and ballast water bya point source subject to the provisionsof this subpart.

d) The quantity and quality of po1-lutants or pollutant properties con-trolled by this paragraph, attributable toonce-through cooling water, are excludedfrom the discharge allowed by paragraph(b) of this section. Once-through coolingwater may be discharged with a totalorganic carbon concentration not to ex-ceed 5 mg/l.

§ 419.56 Pretreatment StandardS for newsources.

The pretreatment standards under sec-tion 307(c) of the Act for a source withinthe integrated subcategory, which is auser of a publicly owned treatment works(and which would be a new source sub-ject to section 306 of the Act, if it werito discharge pollutants to the navigablewaters), shall be the standard set forthin Part 128 of this chapter, except that,for the purpose of this section, § 128.133of this chapter shall be amended to readas follows: "In addition to the prohibi-tions set forth In § 128.131 of this chap-ter, the pretreatment standard for in-compatible pollutants introduced into apublicly owned treatment works shall bethe standard of performance for newsources specified in § 419.55: Provided,That, if the publicly owned treatmentworks which receives the pollutants iscommitted, In Its NPDES permit, to re-move a specified percentage of any in-compatible pollutant, the pretreatmentstandard applicable to users of suchtreatment works shall be correspondinglyreduced In stringencyfor that pollutant."

[FR Doc.74-10448 Fied 5-8-74;8:45 am]

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91-THURSDA't MAY 9, 1974

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