Petroleum coke

Petroleum coke (often abbeviated Pet coke) is a carbonaceous solid derived from oil refinery coker unit [delayed coker unit]

Petcoke has a higher energy content than coal and emits between 30~80% more CO2 than coal per unit of weight

The coke can be either be :[1] Fuel grade (high in sulfur and metal) – called as green coke[2] Anode grade (low in sulfur and metal) – called as calcined coke

Fuel grade (green) coke

1. The raw coke directly out of the delayed coker is referred as green coke. In this context, “green” means unprocessed

2. This coke is used in fuel application for power generation such as utility boiler and cement kilns

3. Due to high content of sulfur and metal that can be harmfull for enviroment, then to meet current tight enviromental regulation, some form of sulfur capture process is required which is known as SNOX process

Anode grade (calcined) coke

1. The further processing of green coke by calcining in a rotary kiln to removes residual volatile matter and also metal from the coke

2. This coke is used to make anodes for aluminium, steel and titanium smelting industry

Coke production

Coke production

Coke production

Coke production

Coke production

Snox process1. The SNOX process is a process which removes sulfur

dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and particulates from flue gases. The sulfur is recovered as concentrated sulfuric acid and the nitrogen oxides are reduced to free nitrogen

2. The SNOX process developed by Haldor Topsoe has been specifically designed for power and steam generation plants to remove sulfur and nitrogen oxides from combustion of heavy residuals, petroleum coke, sour gas or other waste products from refineries

3. The SNOX process includes the following steps: Dust removal Catalytic reduction of NOx by adding NH3 to the gas upstream the

SCR DeNOx reactor Catalytic oxidation of SO2 to SO3 in the oxidation reactor Cooling of the gas to about 100 °C whereby the H2SO4 condenses

and can be withdrawn as concentrated sulfuric acid product

Snox process