PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
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Transcript of PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
marno.lecture.ub.ac.id
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
marno.lecture.ub.ac.id
The five challenges
1. Balancing future demand and supply sustainably.
2. Ensuring the adequate stability in food supplies.
3. Achieving global access to food and ending hunger.
4. Contribution of the food system to the mitigation of climate change.
5. Maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services while feeding the world.
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
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SIX DRIVERS OF CHANGE:
1. Population increase2. Per capita demand for food3. Governance of the food system4. Climate change5. Competition for key resources6. Food ethics.
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
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Precision Farming1. Managing each crop production input
1.1.fertilizer, limestone, herbicide, insecticide, seed, etc.
2. On a site-specific basis – Kearifan Lokal
3. To reduce waste, increase profits, and maintain environment quality.
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
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Three questions in adopting precision farming……..
1. How much do crop, soil, and environmental characteristics vary spatially? Temporally?
2. How much do the variations affect crop yield and/ or crop quality?
3. Can farmer get enough information and right technologies to profitably manage variabilities?
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
marno.lecture.ub.ac.id
Eight Solutions For a Hungry World
1. Farm the Desert – Pertanian Lahan Keirng2. Growth with Precision – Precision Farming3. Rebuild Rice – Membangun Sawah4. Replace Fertilizer – Mengganti Pupuk5. Re-Map a Continent – Evaluasi Lahan6. Use Robot Labor – Tenaga Robot7. Resurrect the Soil – Menyehatkan Tanah8. Make Supercrops – Tanaman Unggul
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WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE?
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“Sistem Pertanian” yang meniru semirip-mungkin ekosistem alami yang sehat
Tujuannya: 1. Menyediakan income pertanian yang lebih
menguntungkan (aspek ekonomi).2. Ramah lingkungan (aspek ekologi).3. Mensejahterakan keluarga tani dan masyarakat
tani (aspek sosial).
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WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE?
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Integrates three main goals…
1. Environmental health
2. Economic profitability
3. Social & economic equity
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WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE?
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1. Reduces inputs.2. Uses ecological pest and weed management
strategies.3. Cycles nutrients back into the soil for fertility and
health.4. Strengthens rural and urban communities.5. Produces viable farm income.6. Promotes healthy family and social values.7. Brings the consumer back into agriculture.
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WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE?
marno.lecture.ub.ac.id
Types of Sustainable Farming
1. Organic farming2. Biodynamic3. Permaculture4. Agroecological Systems5. Low input
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WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE?
marno.lecture.ub.ac.id
Examples of sustainable agricultural management practices:
1. Select species & varieties that are resistant to pests & diseases – well suited to site
2. Diversify crops and cultural practices to enhance the farm’s biological and economic stability
3. Manage soil as a living resource
4. Conserve soil & protect it from erosion
5. Manage water to improve conservation & storage, reduce salinity and protect ground water from contamination
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WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE?
marno.lecture.ub.ac.id
Plant Production Practices:
1. Selection of site, species, variety2. Diversity3. Soil Management4. Efficient use of Inputs5. Consideration of Farmer Goals and
Lifestyle
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… Permaculture is ..
. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permaculture.
…… a branch of ecological
engineering, that develops self-
maintained agricultural systems
from natural ecosystems.
The core of permaculture are:
1. Care for the earth: Provision for all life systems to continue and multiply.
2. Care for the people: Provision for people to access those resources necessary for their existence.
3. Return of surplus: Reinvesting surpluses and wastes back into system to recycle into usefulness.
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PERMACULTURE…..
. http://www.heathcote.org/PCIntro/4Principles.htm.
Seven Principles of Permaculture:1. Conservation - Use only what is needed.2. Stacking functions - In permaculture we speak about getting
many yields (outputs) from one element (thing) in your system.3. Repeating functions - We meet every need in multiple ways.4. Reciprocity - Utilize the yields of each element to meet the
needs of other elements in the system.5. Appropriate scale - What we design should be on a human
scale and doable with the available time, skills, and money that we have
6. Diversity - We want to create resilience by utilizing many elements.
7. Give away the surplus - Create systems that are abundant and share the abundance rather than hoarding it for ourselves.
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. Permaculture is ……
. http://wanderwomanswall.blogspot.com/2011/02/living-in-garden-of-eden.html.
….. Permanent Agriculture
"The more you understand,
the more you can put nature
to work for you, the less you need.“
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.. Permaculture is……. ‘Back to nature’
.. http://www.c-ville.com/strongPermaculture_Primerstrong/#.Uo_8ZSdRWho
….. a contraction of “permanent” and “agriculture.”
Instead of using artificial fertilizer, herbicides and pesticides, instead of watering and irrigation, instead
of planting in straight lines and single species, permaculture uses natural techniques to grow food
and conserve resources like soil and water.
It is sustainable farming, organic farming.
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..Permaculture is …..
http://www.comuntierra.org/site/blog_post.php?idPost=144&id_idioma=2.
Mayan Agro-Forestry Systems:
a wide diversity of edible and medicinal
plants.
The banana circles and swales, are integrated
into the forest gardens .
“Pekarangan”
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….Permaculture is…….
.. http://projectbonafide.com/about/permaculture/
Agroforestry:
The traditional landuse systems which combine
trees spatially and/or temporally with
agricultural crops and/or animals.
It combines elements of agriculture with elements of forestry in sustainable production systems on the same piece of land.
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…Permaculture is …
http://agroforestrysolutions.blogspot.com/2012/02/mushroomsduckssaregrantagroforestryperm.html.
Integrated Mushroom & Duck Agroforestry
System
Integration of ducks into the laying yard brings more yields for the farmer, promotes effective slug
control, and better utilized forest ecosystems in the farm landscape.
Ducks are an under appreciated farm asset with the potential to sustainably manage pests while
providing high quality products for market.
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…. Permaculture is ……
. http://mangroverindonesia.blogspot.com/2011/08/tambak-silvofishery-di-handil-8-kawasan.html.
TAMBAK SILVOFISHERY
Tambak silvofishery
digunakan untuk budidaya kepiting
soka (Soft Shell Crabs) dan jenis Kepiting bakau
(Scylla serrata F).
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..Permaculture is…..
http://agoesman120.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/meningkatkan-pangan-gizi-keluarga-dgn-pemanfatan-lahan-pekarangan/.
Pekarangan – Lumbung Pangan
Keluarga
Manfaat Pekarangan adalah untuk
menyediakan Pangan dan Gizi Keluarga dengan cara ditanami berbagai jenis
tanaman yang kemudian dapat dipakai dalam
menigkatkan keragaman pangan keluarga.
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..Permaculture is…..
. http://idkf.bogor.net/yuesbi/e-DU.KU/edukasi.net/SMP/GEOGRAFI/Pertanian/materi02.html
Pekarangan –
Lahan pekarangan ditanami aneka jenis tanaman : jagung, kedelai, kacang tanah, sayur-sayuran,
kelapa dan buah-buahan.
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…..TUMPANGSARI TEMBAKAU + KOPI….
.. http://mukidi.wordpress.com/page/6/
Tembakau sebagai tanaman utama dan kopi arabika ditanam di teras-teras dengan
sistem lajur.
Hasil kopi dan hasil tempakau dengan
mudah dapat dijual.
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Toward Sustainable Agricultural in the 21st Century
Agriculture system should be to optimize the integration
of each resource in an
efficient manner that improves the environment.
http://www.aps.uoguelph.ca/~gking/Ag_2350/agecol.htm
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9 Billion Mouths to Feed: The Future of Farming
A vision for the future of farming are working to create high-tech tools to help make agriculture
more precise.
.. http://www.uctv.tv/shows/High-Tech-Agriculture-9-Billion-Mouths-to-Feed-The-Future-of-Farming-Ep-4-24297
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Toward Sustainable Agricultural in the 21st Century
.. http://agrobiodiversityplatform.org/par/2012/10/21/food-and-agriculture-the-future-of-sustainability/
Pursue high yields within a
healthy ecology : They are not
mutually exclusive and
policy & research must
reflect that.
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Achieving Gender Equality in Agriculture
.. http://www.usaid.gov/what-we-do/gender-equality-and-womens-empowerment/addressing-gender-programming/agriculture
Women and Men play any
vital role in advancing
agricultural development
and food security.
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The Vertical of Farming (VF)
. http://deadcity.ca/press/?p=1717.
1. Year-round production2. No crop failures due to
droughts, floods, pests3. Food is grown organically4. Eliminates agric. runoff 5. Returns land to nature6. Reduces the incidence of
infectious diseases 7. Converts black and gray
water into potable water 8. Reduces fossil fuel use9. Creates sustainable urban
environments10.Creates new employment
opportunities.
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Vertical Farming and the Future of Food
Vertical farming is a
closed system, from seed to product, and
one that reuses and recycles it
byproducts. . http://www.recycledminds.com/2011/09/vertical-farming-and-future-of-
food.html.
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Rice field conversions affect food security
Although Indonesia is a rice-producing
country,
it still has to import 1 to 2
million tons of rice every year
due to high domestic
consumption.
. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/11/10/rice-field-conversions-affect-food-security.html.
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rice-field-ubud
. http://indosurflife.com/2013/05/getting-away-from-the-eat-pray-love-ubud/rice-field-ubud/.
Getting away from
the ‘Eat, Pray, Love’ Ubud
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SAWAH MASA DEPAN
. http://www.justmeans.com/blogs/kellogg-promotes-sustainable-rice-growing-program#sthash.2vCg1B3d.dpuf.
“Rice Master Grower”
is aimed at promoting good agronomic practices among
growers and encouraging them to
adopt sustainable growing methods :Sustainability and
Profitability.
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPANAlley cropping
requires tress to be planted in rows, and then crops are
planted between the rows of said trees.
Before the growing season, the pruned tree clippings will be used a type of living mulch
to protect crops from wind and erosion, lock in heat and
moisture, and provide additional nutrients (and soil organic matter) for the crops.
. http://openroadrealizations.wordpress.com/.
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
. http://www.pfaf.org/user/AddBlogPosts.aspx?id=30.
Agroforestry System in South
and Central America.
This is an example of
people taking their future into their own hands.
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
. http://www.rainforestsaver.org/news/no-45-young-are-future.
THE YOUNG ARE THE FUTURE
Educating the next generation is very
important, and it is often easier to
change the ways of the young than of
older people.
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
. http://vietnamnews.vn/society/241119/brighter-prospects-for-cassava.html.
Brighter prospects for cassava
Demand for cassava starch continue to
increase in the world, in the next years
cassava as raw material for food, confectionery, beverages and ethanol.
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PERTANIAN MASA DEPAN
. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/agri-biz/article3543287.ece.
GM sugarcane trial planting
The GM sugarcane was developed in
the US by Syngenta.
The variety is tolerant to herbicides,
pests and the stem borer.
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Knowledge based Rice farming.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADI
KLINIK PERTANIAN
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STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADI
PEMBERDAYAAN TANAMAN:KAPASITAS KHLOROFIL
KAPASITAS SIMPANAN PATI BUTIR-PADIKETAHANAN TERHADAP HAMA-PENYAKIT
PERBAIKAN KUALITAS TANAH:Nutrients Holding Capacity
Water Holding Capacity
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KERANGKA KONSEP: STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADI
Energi mata-hari Tanaman
Padi
Fotosintesis khlorofil
Glukose SukroseDi daun Bendera
Glu-kose
Simpanan pati bulir dan butir
padi
Di sawah
Kemasan beras
BO & HaraDari tanah
Penyakit Karat Daun & Tahan
Roboh
CO2
Booster Energi
Booster Rendemen
Metasilikat
Kompos plus Mikoriza
NPK humik plus;UHA
Booster Rendemen
Booster Tanah Booster Energi
Unit PenggilinganGabah
Kemasan
Pengeringan
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PAKET TEKNOLOGI UNTUK PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADI
KOMPOS plus Mikoriza
Rasio N/P/K berdasarkan hasil analisis contoh tanah
PUPUK NPK HUMIK plus Mg & Unsur
MikroUREA-HUMIK
BOOSTER TANAH
BOOSTER RENDEMEN
Pengeringan
BOOSTER ENERGI
Kemasan
Memacu aktivitas mikroba tanah, meningkatkan ketersediaan hara
Memperbaiki kapasitas fotosintesis dari klorofil
Memacu sintesis Pati dari Gllukosa
Memperbaiki kualitas gabah kering-giling
Kompos masak diperkaya dengan mikoriza
Menjaga kualitas beras kemasan
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KLINIK PERTANIAN:MENJAWAB PERMASALAHAN NYATA BERDASAR TEORI DAN RISET
DIAGNOSIS PROBLEMATIK YANG ADA DI LAPANGAN
1. Dialog dengan pelaku usaha2. Pelaku usaha berkonsultasi3. Pakar ke lapangan
ANALISIS ALTERNATIF SOLUSI
PENYUSUNAN “RESEP”
PENYEMBUHANFORMULASI
TEKNOLOGI + SOP
UJI TEKNOLOGIPENDAMPINGAN
MASALAH TERJAWAB ….. ??
Diskusi Tim Pakar + Formulator + Laboran
Diskusi Tim Pakar + Formulator + Laboran
Diskusi Formulator + Laboran
Pelaku Usaha + Klinik PELATIHAN –PERCONTOHAN
Pelaku Usaha + Klinik
RISET …… !
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STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADI
Konsultasi Klinik Petani / Kelompok tani padi sawah
Konsultasi Klinik Petani / Kelompok tani padi sawah
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KONSEP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADI
Workshop Peningkatan Produksi Padi Secara Lestari
Workshop Mencari alternatif solusi untuk menjawab permasalahan yang
dihadapi petani
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KONSEP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADIPenyusunan Resep “Penyembuhan” masalah “rendahnya efisiensi urea pada padi sawah”
Teori Pembentukan Kompleks Inklusi Urea (Ohlan, 2008).
NH2
CH2N
O
+C
O
RHO
NC
N
O
H
HH
HN
CN
O
H
HH
HN
CN
O
H
HH
H
NC
N
O
H
HH
HN
CN
O
H
HH
HN
CN
O
H
HH
H
C
O
ROH C
O
ROH C
O
ROH
Urea Asam lemak
Kompleks Urea-asam lemak
Slow Released Urea
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KONSEP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADIFormulasi Teknologi untuk “penyembuhan”
FORMULA STABILISASI PUPUK N
UHAUrea Humic Acid
Black Urea
NPK-Humic Plus
Keunggulan:
1. Slow Release N2. Efisiensi pupuk meningkat3. Kehilangan N Minimum4. Dosis pupuk dapat dikurangi5. Diperkaya unsur mikro6. Degradasi Tanah minimum7. Penyimpanan lebih mudah
Formulasi teknologi untuk “Penyembuhan” masalah dengan mempertimbangkan
kompetensi petani
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KONSEP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PADIPendampingan Uji Teknologi
Aplikasi NPK-Humik plusBooster Rendemen,
Pada fase Masak Susu
Efektivitas Daun Bendera Selama periode pengisian gabah
Pendampingan monitoring perkembangan hasil Aplikasi
teknol;ogio di lahan petani