Perspectives of Scientifc Publishing

1. 1 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Prof. Dr. Alexander Grossmann HTWK Leipzig & ScienceOpen 25th European Students Conference Berlin, September 17, 2014 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

2. 2 Scientific Publishing imagewell10 - Fotolia.com Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

3. 3 Scientific Publishing: Present Status Problems: slow and time-consuming anonymous referees possible editorial bias high rejection rates expensive subscription pricing Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

4. 4 Scientific Publishing: Present Status Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

5. 5 Scientific Publishing Questions: how does scholarly publishing work today? how to determine the relevance of research? what is the future of scholarly publishing? Perspectives of scientific publishing? Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

7. 7 Scientific Publishing: Present Workflow Period of time? Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

8. 8 Scientific Publishing: Present Workflow Period of time: some months rather than a few weeks Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

9. 9 Scientific Publishing: Present Workflow Scientists = authors = readers = reviewers Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Peer Review Alexander Grossmann

10. 10 Scientific Publishing: Business models Scientists Perspectives of Scientific Publishing $$$ 2: Open Access: Author pays article charge(APC) 1: Subscription: Library subscribes journal $$$ Alexander Grossmann

11. 11 Scientific Publishing: Pricing of journals Development of average subscription pricing for journals 19802002 in STM and HSS disciplines 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2002 USD 1.500 1.000 500 100 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

12. 12 Scientific Publishing: Pricing of journals Development of average subscription pricing for journals 19802002 in STM and HSS disciplines 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2002 USD 1.500 1.000 500 100 Serial Crisis Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

13. 13 Scientific Publishing: Open Access APCs pricing Open Access article charges (APC) 2012/13 Quelle: Wellcome Trust Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

14. 14 Scientific Publishing: Open Access APCs pricing Open Access article charges (APC) 2012/13 Quelle: Wellcome Trust APCs up to 7.000 per article too expensive yet? Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

15. Gina Sanders - Fotolia.com Gina Sanders Credited by Fotolia

18. 18 Impact-Faktor vs. Artikel-Metrik Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

19. 19 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics How can we determine the impact of research? "Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted." Albert Einstein Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

20. 20 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics How can we determine the impact of research? Your article X has been accepted for publication in journal Y which has an impact factor of Z. Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

21. 21 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Methods to determine the journal rank Impact Factor (IF) Question to the audience: Who knows how to calculate the IF? Prof. Dr. Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

22. 22 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Methods to determine the journal rank Impact Factor (IF): How is it calculated? of citations articles in 2013 of 2011 and 2012 IF = 5 means: Articles of a specific journal which were published in 2011/12 have been cited 5 times at average in that journal or elsewhere in 2013 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Prof. Dr. Alexander Grossmann

23. 23 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics How can we determine the impact of research? Your article X has been accepted for publication in journal Y which has an impact factor of Z. = Measuring an impact via the journal rank Is this a useful metrics? Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

24. 24 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Methods to determine the journal rank Impact Factor (IF) Problems: One of the other major problems is that journals now live and die by impact factor. Its become a holy grail for publication, and its being used in ways it was never intended for. Randy Schekman Nobel Price in Medicine 2013 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

25. 25 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Methods to determine the journal rank Impact Factor (IF) Problems: Not comparable: average IF differs significantly in different scientific disciplines Influencable: Journals editors could influence an IF of a journal by means of topic, author or article type selection Relevance: an journal IF makes no statement about the relevance of the research which has been published in an individual article Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

26. 26 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Methods to determine the journal rank Impact Factor (IF) Problems: No absolute metrics for relevance: For example Nature: only 25% of all articles published in 2005/6 contributed 89% to the IF in 2007 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

27. 27 Scientific Publishing: Citation frequencies Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

28. 28 Scientific Publishing: Citation frequencies Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

29. 29 Scientific Publishing: Citation frequencies Perspectives of Scientific Publishing No automatic visibility and citation by high IF

30. 30 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Methods to determine the journal rank Impact Factor (IF) Problems: No absolute metrics for relevance: For example Nature: only 25% of all articles published in 2005/6 contributed 89% to the IF in 2007 Limited: Useful only in the scientific, technical, and medical areas (STM) what about the Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS)? Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

31. 31 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Methods to determine the journal rank Impact Factor (IF) Problems: No absolute metrics for relevance: For example Nature: only 25% of all articles published in 2005/6 contributed 89% to the IF in 2007 Limited: Useful only in the scientific, technical, and medical areas (STM) what about the Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS)? Are there more useful metrics? Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

32. 32 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Examples for more useful metrics to determine the relevance of scientific research: Number of citations of an article (citations = publications, links, social mentions) Usage (downloads) Statement of scientific peers (reviewer, editorial board members, bloggers) Feedback of the research community (comments, ratings, open PPPR) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

33. 33 Impact Factor vs. Article Level Metrics Examples for more useful metrics to determine the relevance of scientific research: Number of citations of an article (citations = publications, links, social mentions) Usage (downloads) Statement of scientific peers (reviewer, editorial board members, bloggers) Feedback of the research community (comments, ratings, open PPPR) = Alternative article level metrics (Altmetrics) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

34. 34 Wissenschaftliches Publizieren: Neue Initiativen Unterscheidungsmerkmale OA-Journals (einzelne Disziplinen) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

39. 39 Scientific Publishing: Alternatives? ? Scientists = authors = readers = reviewer ? Peer Review ? ? Prof. Dr. Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

40. 40 Scientific Publishing: Future ideas? Open Access only enables universities, research institutes and researchers to maximize the reach of their research make publicly funded research accessible to all speed up innovation Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

41. 41 Scientific Publishing: Future ideas? Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

42. 42 Scientific Publishing: Future ideas? Scholarly communication use the power of professional networks let the scholarly community comment and evaluate scientific results Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

43. 43 Scientific Publishing: Future ideas? Post-Publication Peer-Review publish research results immediately online only fully transparent process peer-review after publication credits for reviewers (DOI, full profile) author has option to revise article Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

44. 44 WWiisssseennsscchhaaffttlleerr = Autoren = Leser = Gutachter Perspectives of Scientific Publishing ? Begutachtung (Peer Review) ? ? ? Wie knnte ein Publikationsmodell aussehen, dass die Community selbst organisiert? creativeA lseoxaunld -erF Gortooslsima.acnonm

45. 45 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives (selection) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

46. 46 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives (selection) Year of launch: 1991 2000 2005 2008 2010 2012 2014 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

47. 47 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives Criteria to differentiate: Directories (Linking lists) Repositories or preprint servers OA journals (individual discipline) Journal database (megajournal) Network Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

48. 48 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives Criteria to differentiate: Directories (Linking lists) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

49. 49 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives Criteria to differentiate: Repositories or preprint servers Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

50. 50 Wissenschaftliches Publizieren: Neue Initiativen Preprint server launched in 1991 more than 940,000 papers (June 2014) 7,500 new submissions per months actually Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

51. 51 Wissenschaftliches Publizieren: Neue Initiativen Preprint server launched in 1991 more than 940,000 papers (June 2014) 7,500 new submissions per months actually Disciplines: physics, mathematics, statistics versioning is possible No Document Object Identifer (DOI); No Impact Factor (IF) No peer-reviewing or commenting Preprints are usually published in a tradional journal subsequently Business model: funded by Cornell University (USA) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

52. 52 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives Criteria to differentiate: OA journals (individual disciplines) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

54. 54 launched in 2007 open access only 40 individual journals in specific disciplines more than 20,000 articles published Disciplines: STM Peer-reviewing: yes, closed, but reviewers identity will be disclosed finally Commenting option after publication Impact Factor: yes Article level metrics: yes Business model: APC up to USD 2,000 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

55. 55 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives Criteria to differentiate: Journals database (megajournals) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

56. 56 Wissenschaftliches Publizieren: Neue Initiativen Unterscheidungsmerkmale Journal-Datenbank (Mega-Journal) Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

57. 57 Wissenschaftliches Publizieren: Neue Initiativen launched in 2002 (F1000Prime) and 2012 (F1000Research) Open access only megajournal Disciplines: Medicine und life sciences Peer-reviewing: yes, open after publication Reviewers are suggested either by author or editor = Post-Publication Peer Review (PPPR) Impact Factor: no Article level metrics: no Business model: APC from USD 250 up to 1,000 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

58. 58 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives Criteria to differentiate: Networks Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

59. 59 Scientific Publishing: New initiatives Criteria to differentiate: Networks What is ScienceOpen? Short video introduction: http://goo.gl/Esru2a Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

60. 60 Wissenschaftliches Publizieren: Neue Initiativen launched in 2013/14 open access only (CC-BY) network all disciplines in STM, SSH Peer-Reviewing: yes, open after publication Reviews: volontary (if qualified in a specfic area of expertise) = Open Post-Publication Peer Review (open PPPR) = Public Post-Publication Peer Review (4PR) Rating or commenting of articles: yes Impact Factor: no Article level metrics: yes Business model: APC of USD 800 (articles); USD 120 (posters) Prof. Dr. Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

61. 61 Wissenschaftliches Publizieren: Neue Initiativen launched in 2013/14 open access only (CC-BY) network all disciplines in STM, SSH Peer-Reviewing: yes, open after publication Reviews: volontary (if qualified in a specfic area of expertise) = Open Post-Publication Peer Review (open PPPR) = Public Post-Publication Peer Review (4PR) Short video introduction: http://youtu.be/5d6jzIT0Fzk Rating or commenting of articles: yes Impact Factor: no Article level metrics: yes Prof. Dr. Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

62. 62 Scientific Publishing: the ScienceOpen network Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

63. 63 Scientific Publishing: the ScienceOpen network Idea Collaborate All comments in one space Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Evaluate Transparent, fair Post-publication Community-based Communicate Share Promote Twitter, Mendely, etc. groups Publish Fast DOI after Editorial check Professional Flexible All disciplines, all article types Alexander Grossmann

65. 65 Scientific Publishing: the ScienceOpen network Workspace offers space and tools for informal scientific communication sharing and discuss new results in groups drafting your next manuscript Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

66. 66 Scientific Publishing: the ScienceOpen network Publishes (all with a DOI) original articles topical reviews negative reports case studies posters reviewers reports Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

67. 67 Scientific Publishing: the ScienceOpen network Services & functionalities immediately citeable via DOI updating of articles and versioning (with a unique DOI each) copyediting and language polishing altmetrics commeting function PPPR Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

68. Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

70. 70 Wissenschaftliches Publizieren: Neue Initiativen seit 2013/14 Open Access Mega-Journal Gebiete: Alle Disziplinen in STM, SSH Peer-Review-Verfahren: ja, offen nach Verffentlichung Gutachten: freiwillig (wenn im Gebiet qualifiziert) = Open Post-Publication Peer Review Impact Factor: nein Artikel-Metrik: Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

74. 74 Scientific Publishing: Perspectives Having analysed the new initiatives and projects: Which current trends can we observe in summary? Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

75. 75 Scientific Publishing: Perspectives Traditional Publishing Current Trends journals = content containers for specific discipline IF does not provide information about relevance of research no data available limiting article type to original or new research static publication closed peer-review anonymous reviewers no credits for reviewer no interaction between authors and readers content is paywalled library pays for journal subscriptions Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

76. 76 Scientific Publishing: Perspectives Traditional Publishing Current Trends journals = content containers interdisciplinary database for specific discipline = megajournal IF does not provide information article level metrics about relevance of research no data available open data limiting article type to open to reproduction papers original or new research and negative results studies static publication living document; versioning closed peer-review open evaluation; anonymous reviewers post-publication peer-review no credits for reviewer acknowledgement of reviews no interaction between (open) communication and authors and readers active feedback content is paywalled open access (OA) library pays for APCs paid by governmental journal subscriptions or institutional funding partners Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Alexander Grossmann

77. 77 Scientific Publishing: Perspectives Traditional Publishing Current Trends journals = content containers interdisciplinary database for specific discipline = megajournal IF does not provide information article level metrics about relevance of research no data available open data limiting article type to open to reproduction papers original or new research and negative results studies static publication living document; versioning closed peer-review open evaluation; anonymous reviewers post-publication peer-review no credits for reviewer acknowledgement of reviews no interaction between (open) communication and authors and readers active feedback content is paywalled open access (OA) library pays for APCs paid by governmental journal subscriptions or institutional funding partners authors prefer prestigous and authors prefer prestigous and highly ranked journals to publish highly ranked journals to publish

78. 78 Perspectives of Scientific Publishing Thank you for your attention! [email protected] youtube.com/user/ScienceOpen facebook.com/pages/scienceopencom/151202981751490 @Science_Open and @ SciPubLab ScienceOpen Roundtable Meeting: Wednesday, September 24 7pm Schliemannstr. 10, B-Prenzlauer Berg Anmeldung bitte per Mail

Perspectives of Scientifc Publishing

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