Perspectives of 5G Mobile Communication Systemsnv/nvs2015/nvs2015-4-matsunaga.pdf · IEICE...

IEICE Technical Committee on Network Virtualization Social Impacts of softwarization and 5G Networking August 28, 2015, the University of Tokyo

Akira MATSUNAGA Senior Director, R&D Strategy Division, Technology Sector KDDI Corporation

Perspectives of 5G Mobile Communication Systems

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1. Challenges in the 5G era 2. 5G technologies ① Enhanced Mobile Broadband ② IoT/M2M（Massive MTC） ③ Low Latency Communications ④ Technologies to control NW capabilities flexibly

to satisfy diversified requirements

3. Summary

Today’s Contents

Copyright © 2015 KDDI Corporation. All Rights Reserved

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3. Summary

Today’s Contents


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What will happen in the 5G era ?


Richer contents, diversified services, and various devices (8K streaming , Explosive growth of IoT etc.)

1. User : Growing and diversifying user’s demands

5 Copyright © 2015 KDDI Corporation. All Rights Reserved


A huge variety of service providers will emerge due to the maturation of the Cloud (Speech translation, Communication Robot, AI …)

2. Business : Growing service provider’s demands

6 Copyright © 2015 KDDI Corporation. All Rights Reserved


・Uneven distribution of traffic due to non-uniform and changing user distribution and density (i.e. Shopping mall, Office area, Disaster, etc.)

・Life style and needs will be diversified. ・Solve socio-economic issues (Environment, Energy, Disaster relief,

Super aging-society community etc.)

3. Society : Changing socio-economic environment

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Operators' Challenges in the 5G era

⑥Convergence of fixed and mobile

⑦IoT

③Increasing MVNO Share

②ARPU？

ARPU

④Diversified and enhanced user requirement

Mobile data traffic in 2020-25 will be 1,000 times as much as that in 2010. * ARIB 20BAH

４Ｋ８Ｋ

①Increasing Data Traffic

⑤ More non-uniform traffic

distribution

In the 5G era, an operator will be facing numerous challenges.


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ITU-R IMT Vision Use Scenarios for 5G

Enhanced Mobile Broadband

Massive Machine Type Communications

Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications

3D video, UHD screens

Smart City

Industry automation

Gigabytes in a second

Self Driving Car

Augmented reality

Smart Home/Building

Work and play in the cloud

Voice Mission critical application,

e.g. e-health

Future IMT

Source : IMT Vision – “Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond”, ITU-R, Document 5/199-E, 19 June 2015

"Depending on the circumstances and the different needs in different countries, "IMT-2020" should be designed in a highly modular manner so that not all features have to be implemented in all networks.“


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Enhanced Mobile Broadband

Massive Machine Type Communications

Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications

3D video, UHD screens

Smart City

Industry automation

Gigabytes in a second

Self Driving Car

Augmented reality

Smart Home/Building

Work and play in the cloud

Voice Mission critical application,

e.g. e-health

Future IMT

Local food cooking

Traditional Art

【Watch Sports】

【Local real time forecast】

【Connected Car】

【Automatic Contents Refill】

Typical Use Cases for 5G

【Education】

Enhancement by AR, VR

あれが食べたい準備して

おきました

【Hyper Assistant Service


In the 5G era, new use cases will emerge calling for requirement enhancement

which will not be satisfied by LTE/4G. Those will include Mobile Broadband,

Massive Connectivity, Low Latency etc..

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FIGURE 3 Enhancement of key capabilities from IMT-Advanced to IMT-2020

ITU-R IMT Vision Key Capabilities of IMT-2020

Low Latency 1ms (Radio)

Peak Data Rate 20Gbps

Connection Density 106/km2

Area Traffic Capacity

10Mbps/m2

User Experienced Data Rate 100Mbps

Enhancement of Key Capabilities from IMT-Advanced to IMT-2020

Source:IMT Vision – “Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond”, ITU-R, Document 5/199-E, 19 June 2015


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FIGURE 4 The importance of key capabilities in different usage scenarios

ITU-R IMT Vision Key capabilities in different usage scenarios

The importance of key capabilities in different usage scenarios

High connection density, tremendous number of devices, transmit only occasionally, low bit rate, low mobility, low cost and long operational lifetime.

Source : IMT Vision – “Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond”, ITU-R, Document 5/199-E, 19 June 2015


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Timeline and process for IMT-2020

Radio Interface

Recommendation

Workshop

Technical Performance Requirement

Report

Technology

Trend

Rec. ITU-R

M. [IMT.VISION]

Accept Proposals

Source:

Document

5D/TEMP/631-E,

17 June 2015

Recommendation for specifications of Radio Interface of IMT-2020 will be developed in 2020.


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Operator's Missions and requirements for NW in the 5G era

①Satisfaction of numerous variety of requirements. （RAN, NFV, Slices, Orchestration etc.）

②Enhancement of NW capability （Capacity, Data rate, Massive connections, low latency etc.

③Reduction of Cost per Bit

②Offering of new services.

①Provision of NW to create new service opportunities and markets.

Requirements for NW in the 5G era

Satisfy a variety of diversified requirements, enhance NW capabilities, create new values and reduce cost/bit.


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3. Summary

Today’s Contents


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① Enhanced Mobile Broadband （Capacity and Data rate）

② IoT/M2M（Massive MTC）

③ Low Latency Communications(Ultra low latency)

and

④Technology to control network capability according to requirements in a flexible manner.

Technologies in the 5G era

Enhancement of NW capabilities and technologies to control NW capabilities according to requirements in a flexible manner are required.


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and





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Mobile Data Traffic Forecast - ARIB 20BAH White paper

Fig. 4.3-4 Mobile data traffic growth forecast for 2020 and beyond - Example

Macroscopic view : Assuming CAGR of 50%-110%, total mobile data traffic volume will be 1,000 times as much as that of 2010.


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Non-uniformity of traffic distribution will be expanding

Microscopic view: Traffic blows up locally in particular time and locations in a non-uniformly. Microscopic area expansion will be required.

Ikebukuro

Shinjuku

Roppongi

Shibuya

Shinagawa

Hour

Traffic Density

High

Low


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2. Spectrum Efficiency

1.Density Radio System

Capacity

3. Spectrum BW

New RAT, Antenna Technologies （Massive MIMO etc.）

mmW,

Broad BW

Small Cell, High density

3. New Usage of Spectrum

LAA, LSA, High Frequency Band (mmW)

2.Spectrum efficiency

Multi antenna,

New Access Technologies

1. Density

Small Cell

Capacity

Enhanced MBB：Enhancement of NW Capabilities


In order to augment Radio System Capacity, more dense Deployment, Spectrum Efficiency improvement and more Spectrum Bandwidth will be required.

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1.Density and 2. Spectrum Efficiency

1. Density Expand Coverage more densely, by pinpointing hotspots, indoor coverage expansion, in a flexible and timely manner.

2. Spectrum efficiency - Multi antenna (Massive MIMO, Beam forming etc.）

- Efficient radio technologies （New waveform, Non-orthogonal, Filtered OFDM etc.)

Small Cell Deployment

Indoor Coverage

- High frequency band - Antenna Technologies (Massive MIMO, Beam forming etc.)


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Below 6GHz 1.7GHz/2.3GHz/2.6GHz/3.5GHz/4GHz/4.5GHz/5.5GHz/5.4GHz/5.8GHz bands (targeting approximately 2,700MHz in total, including existing bands) Above 6GHz 8.4GHz/14GHz/28GHz/40GHz/48GHz/70GHz/80GHz bands (approximately 23GHz in total)

Source “Final Report from the Radio Policy Vision Council", Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan, December 2014. http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000323941.pdf

2015 KDDI Confidential and Proprietary

3. New Spectrum for wider bandwidth

Radio Policy Vision Council (Japan, December, 2014) addressed possible additional frequency bands for mobile systems as shown below.

Overviews of 5G Radio Access Technologies Technologies shown here may not be exhaustive and subject to further investigations

•C/U-plane splitting

• Non-orthogonal multiple access

• Advanced modulation, coding and Waveform

• New radio frame structure

• Advanced interference cancellation/suppression

•D2D communication

• Flexible/Virtual RAN

•Self Organizing/Optimizing network

•Ultra-dense cells control

• Inter-working among multiple RATs

•M2M communication

• Large number of devices per cell

•Advanced Antenna, Massive MIMO, MU-MIMO

•Higher frequency bands (~mmWave)

• Flexible spectrum management

• Linear Cell, Mobile Relay

C-RAN control center

Macro cell BS

• Terrestrial-Satellite Cooperation •Multi-RAT/Multi-Band/Multi-Layer

coordination

• Advanced beam forming

"Mobile Communications Systems for 2020 and beyond", ARIB 2020 and Beyond Ad Hoc Group White Paper, October 2014.

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and





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Forecast of IoT/M2M Traffic (1)

IoT/M2M Traffic

35,657 TB/mo CY2014

1,223,708 TB/mo CY019

CAGR 103% (2014-2019)

IoT/M2M Traffic will become more than 30 fold in 5 years !

[Source] Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update 2014–2019


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2014 2017 2019

7Billion 11.5Billion 9.3Billion The number of

connected

devices

The World

population 7Billion 7.6Billion 7.4Billion

IoT/M2M

[Source] Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update 2014–2019

The number of Connected Things

Consumer

Electronic Device Industry Social Infrastructure

The number of connected ’Things’ will be 11.5Billion in 5 years !

0.5Billion 3.2Billion The number of

connected

IOT/M2M devices 1.6Billion

CY2014 CY2019

・IoT/M2M Devices： 0.5B 3.2B ・All Devices： 7B 11.5B

Forecast of IoT/M2M Traffic (2)


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Security, automobiles, transactions, EMS, Smartmeters

Growing IoT/M2M market (Japan in 2015)

Embedded solution

Consumer device

Social infrastructure

Automobiles 7.6M

Copier 0.6M

Elevators 0.5M

Industry 1.8M

Digital Camera 8M/year

Gaming 10M/Year

Elec. Book O.5M

Wearble 6M

Music Player

1M

Ratio of Connected devices

High

Low Number of devices

Vending 2M

Transaction 2.7M

Security 5M

Energy Management

10M

Smart meters 150M

Agriculture 1.6M

Disaster Prevention

IoT/M2M market will expand to cover various usages, communication styles.

Source：KDDI


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IoT/M2M Social

AR

Human

Cloud

Analytics

Combining human and machine data

Create new values and service by combining human and machine data.


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M2M/IoT issues

10 years with

2 AA batteries

Underground

Deep mountain

OP

EX

/CA

PE

X

Low latency with high priority.

Area expansion Lower cost of UEs and NWs

Longer battery life of UEs Mass connections

Optimal prioritization and

reduction of latency


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Rel.8 Cat-1 Rel.12 Cat-0 Rel.13

Downlink peak rate

10Mbps 1Mbps ~200Kbps

Uplink peak rate 5Mbps 1Mbps ~200Kbps

Number of UE RF Receiver chains

2 1 1

Duplex mode Full Dulex Half Duplex (opt) Half Duplex (opt)

UE Receive BW 20MHz 20MHz 1.4MHz

Modem Complexity (relative to Cat-1)

100% 50% 25%

Specification for IoT/M2M in 3GPP

Souce：Nokia LTE M2M(White Paper)

Target - Reduce power consumption - Reduce modem cost

New UE categories for IoT/M2M


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Fusion of human and machine data

School, Publishing, Government, Broadcast, Sightseeing

Transportation, Vending machines,

Rental car

Environment, Agriculture,

Weather

Drugstore, Welfare, Fitness, Hospital

Elec. Power, Water, Gas, Security,

Manufacturing, Food Partners

Alliance with partners

FTTH CATV LTE, 5G

WiMAX, WiFi

SDN/NFV Multi NW

Cloud service PF

Multi Use

Multi device

Smart Device Virtual Personal Assistant

SDN Centralized control Contents Aware

Multi NW

Mobile App. service PF

Human driven mobile communication

IoT Sensor NW

Data driven machine type communication (MTC)

ITS

HEMS

Actuator Sensors

AI/Big Data Analysis Platform

Artificial Intelligence PF

Cloud Robotics Service PF

NFV MANO Context Aware Pub/Sub NW

IoT/M2M device Wearable Sensor


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and





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Low latency should be explored based on individual use case.

⇒ A few sec. for non-real time communications. ⇒ Several 100ms for human communications. ⇒ Several 10s of ms for real time analysis of information. ⇒ A few ms for real time control.

Requirements and implementation of low latency capability vary from one use case to the other.

Human reaction times are also various.

Source: Gerhard Fettweis et al., "5G - Personal Mobile Internet Beyond What Cellular Did to Telephony", IEEE Communications Magazine, February 2014.


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Example of Low latency realization

In order to realize latency of several ms, new technology will be required.

Ex: Edge Computing technology

The Internet

BH/ Core

RAN

Edge Computing

App. server


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and





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Source:ITU-R WP5D Revision 3 to

Document 5D/TEMP/548-E

Not all use scenarios require the same requirement and requirement is going more diversified than in the 4G era. It may not be efficient to cope with all use cases by a single "all mighty" network.

5G System Concept "Flexible Cuboid" proposed by KDDI

スループット

信頼性 (誤り率)

遅延

!!

!!

Flexible Cuboid flexibly transforms the

form according to the service requirement.

Latency

Reliability

Throughput

Key Concept: Satisfy a variety of requirement and offer new service in a flexible, timely and cost effective manner.

In the 5G era, requirement is going more diversified.


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Build NW capable of satisfying requirements in a flexible manner

1

2

3 Expedite NW development

Configure NW in a flexible manner

【NFV】【SDN】 NW functions are virtualized and are configurable in a flexible manner without physical constraints.

Meets a variety of NW requirements

【MANO : Management & Orchestration】 Standard NFV-MANO expedites NW deployment with auto provisioning.

Elements technologies in the５G era

NFV Network Functions

Virtualization

SDN Service Chaining

Slice NW

MANO Mobile Edge

Computing

Enforce partnership with users/providers by satisfying their diversified requirements in a flexible manner.

【Slice NW】 Develop tailor made NW for diversified requirements by using NW slices, instead of developing individual NWs.


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5G NW Concept

NFV

Virtualized Network Function Library

Phy NW

E2E Slice１ Massive MTC

E2E slice 2 Mission critical

E2E slice 3 smartphone

SDN Controller

Slices

SDN Service Chaining

OSS/EMS

NFV-MANO

Slice NW

Logical NW

Phy Network Node

Edge computing

Slices

Overall picture of 5G Network


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NFV (Network Functions Virtualization)

Conventional Equipment （Proprietary lock-in

NW equipment）

Proprietary HW

Proprietary SW

NW Equip１

Virtualized Equipment （NFV）

COTS Server

Virtual platform (SW isolation by Hypervisor)

Virtual Eq.１(Vendor 1)

Common Base

Manage- ment

& Orches- tration

MANO

・Free from proprietary HW ・Reduction of CAPEX by using COTS servers ・Flexible NW configuration without physical constraints and timely delivery of services.

Trends of NW Equipment

Proprietary HW

→ COTS HW

Advantages of NFV

Separate proprietary lock-in HW and SW and realize NW functions on COTS(Commercial Off The Shelf) HW

Virtual Eq.2 (Vendor 2)

Proprietary HW

Proprietary SW

NW Equip 2


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Slice Network

【Slice NW】

NGMN５G Slice NW Red nodes is a constituent of the slice, while blue is not.

- Physical NW is separated (sliced) into individual logical NWs for particular services and/or users.

- Each slice consists of UE/device, virtual/physical 5G NW nodes.

Slice NW is expected to ・Satisfy Diversified 5G

requirements ・Utilize physical NW

resources efficiently ・Reduce CAPEX/OPEX

Slice NW will enhance the efficiency of the entire NW to provide miscellaneous 5G services by utilizing virtual NW.


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Tailored Slice network for diversified user requirements

仮想スライス

仮想スライス

仮想スライス

仮想スライス

インターネット

Infortainment

Smart Meter

Surveillance camera

Smart phone applications

Remote monitoring

Retransmission ratio : less than1% (rate：1000 units/s)

Packet loss ratio：less than 1% (Upload rate : 5Mbps)

Page updates：less than 10ms (Retransmission timer：100ms)

User Throughput :15Mbps (Full HD video quality)

Smart Phone

Vehicle User

Network QoS Service QoS User requirements, Place, Time, Cost

Configuration updates of million smart meters in a day

Video quality of camera : HD &more

Web display rate less than 0.1sec

Full HD video streaming in vehicle

Build user centric slice network, from wireless access through Core NW

Electric power company


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Slice 1 High speed and large capacity

Slice 2 Massive connections (IoT)

Slice 3 Ultra low latency

The Internet

Backhaul OTT

Examples of slice NW

Build logically isolated NWs.

GW Fronthaul

vEPC Cloud

eNB Edge

端末 RRH

In order to satisfy diversified requirements of users and applications in a flexible manner, divide NW logically based on slicing concept.


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Edge computing

Cloud computing

Intrenet

APP

APP

APP

APP

APP

APP

Data Data Data APP APP

Edge computing

Cache

• Low latency (< several msec） • Location awareness • Efficient use of NW Bandwidth - Data cache • Real time Monitoring of radio

quality

Location aware service

Edge computing

Locate computers and/or contents cache in proximity to users, to handle data locally for the sake of efficiency of network bandwidth and of quick response.


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NW Operation in 5G : NFV-MANO

NFV- MANO

NFV-MANO (Management & Orchestration)

【Requirement of ５G NW Operation】 Timely delivery of new functions and new services. - NW Management on a commodity server:

NFV-MANO - Agile development and test (DevOps） - Automatic provisioning

Flexible NW operation - Lifecycle management of virtualized

functions, i.e. VNF - Auto scaling (Optimized dispatch of NW resources) - Service orchestration

High reliability - More efficient SW upgrade to eliminate

human errors. - Auto healing

Enhancement of NW Operation (Management & Orchestration) is essential to 5G.


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3. Summary

Today’s Contents


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2013 2015 2017 2020

Pre 5G

4G

Towards 5G

5G

2015 KDDI Confidential and Proprietary

Migration is very important

4G 2016~18

LTE-Adv, 3.5GHz etc.

Preｰ5G 2017~20

NFV, New Usage Of Spectrum?

５G 2020~

New Frequency Band?

"5G" will be realized not only by Radio Access Network, but by whole ICT integrating NFV, Cloud, Device, M2M…

Perspectives of 5G Mobile Communication Systemsnv/nvs2015/nvs2015-4-matsunaga.pdf · IEICE...

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