THINKINGPLASTIC

"Waste is a result of Bad Design" Eric Lombardi of EcoCycle, a recycler in Boulder, Colorado

GLOBAL WARMINGGlobal Warming is the observed average temperature increase in the earth’s atmosphere and oceans, sufficient enough to cause climate change.

14.4

14.5

14.82008

2000

1994

Average global temperatures

CAUSESThe increased amount of carbon dioxideand greenhouse gases (GHGs) in theEarth’s atmosphere—through fossil fuel burning, land-clearing, waste disposal, Etc.—Is the major component of the Greenhouse Effect

CO2 N2O Methane CFC 11 CFC 12

REASON WHERE DO GHG’S COME FROM ?

Power stations

Fossil fuels Retrieval,Process

Industrial Process

Residential andCommercial

Land use andBiomass Burning

Waste management

Transport Fuels Agriculture Byproducts

❉

REASON WHERE DO GHG’S COME FROM ?

Waste management

WASTE MANAGEMENT Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal, and monitoring of waste materials.

WASTE CONTENT

Chennai Bangalore Bombay Delhi Kolkatta

Paper

Metals

Glass

Textiles

Plastics

Ash and dust

Organics

11.58

0.35

0.78

2.29

9.72

17.34

51.84

8.38

0.19

0.29

3.11

7.48

26.11

51.34

8.85

0.44

0.92

4.42

10.30

14.12

55.25

6.92

0.38

0.42

7.10

7.80

18.55

54.42

6.07

0.19

0.34

1.87

4.88

29.60

50.56

Source- KK plastics

WASTE CONTENT

Chennai Bangalore Bombay Delhi Kolkatta

Paper

Metals

Glass

Textiles

Plastics

Ash and dust

Organics

11.58

0.35

0.78

2.29

9.72

17.34

51.84

8.38

0.19

0.29

3.11

7.48

26.11

51.34

8.85

0.44

0.92

4.42

10.30

14.12

55.25

6.92

0.38

0.42

7.10

7.80

18.55

54.42

6.07

0.19

0.34

1.87

4.88

29.60

50.56

Source- KK plastics

PLASTIC PYRAMID RANKED BY HAZARD

PVC

PS, ABS, PC

PET

PE, PP

BIO BASED POLYMERS

PLASTIC RESIN CODES

Soda bottle

ShampooBottle

Water

Jars

Milk, water and juice

Detergent bottle

Yogurt tubs

Grocery Bags

Clear foodPackaging

Shampoo Bottles

Bread bags

Frozen food Packaging

Squeezy Bottles

Ketchup Bottles

Marine Tubes

Meat trays

Egg cartons

cups and plates

Some Juice bottles

3 and 5 gallon bottles

RECYCLE

PET flakes are used as the raw material for a range of products that would otherwise be made of polyester.

PVC- or Vinyl Recycling has historically been difficult to perfect on the industrial scale

The most-often recycled plastic[citation HDPE or number 2, is down cycled into plastic lumber, tables, roadside curbs, benches, truck cargo liners, trash receptacles, stationery (e.g. rulers) and other durable plastic products and is usually in demand.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDOUS OF RECYCLINGEnvironmental Hazardous

Grinding Scrap Increases Noise levelsHygienic conditions of the UnitsInfections to the Rag Pickers.Workers exposed to severe Health conditionsOnce used to the maximum, it goes to the dumpProducts that are recycled are not very safe.

Issues related to plastic

Marking and codification on the product isInappropriateQuality of raw material and scrapThe multi level film packaging is not recyclable.

BANAGLORE THE PLASTIC INDUSTRY IS THE MAJOR OFFENDER

The growth rate of the plastic manufacturing Industry is rising by 24% every year since the past 19 years.

Total waste in bangalore is 3500 tonnes per dayPlastic Waste is 35 tonnes per day

Out of the plastic waste created 82.84% is recovered - Through primary and secondary sources.17.11% is waste dumped in the environment

Out of 82.84% only 40% is recycled in bangalore the rest is exported.

Out of 40% of it being recycled , 2.3% is dumped in the environment.

In total 17.11% + 5.0% = 22.11% is the garbage just out there floating.

( These figures may not be exact but will give you a round about situation in the

city)

Source: KK plastics

IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT

Air pollution

Heath Issues

Marine life

Prevents rain water from seeping down

Clogged drains

Animals die

Infertility of the soil

Chemicals harm body

Oil consumption

Toxins in groundwater

KIND OF PLASTIC WE USE

LIFE CYCLE MANUFACTURING

Raw materials

Plastic Production

Product Manufacture

Product Use

Disposal

v

Energy

GHG

v

Energy

GHG

v

Energy

GHG

v

Energy

GHG

v

Energy

GHG

Raw materials

Product Manufacture

Product Use

Disposal

v

Energy

GHG

v

Energy

GHG

v

Energy

GHG

v

Energy

GHG

v

Energy

GHG

RE-USE

RECYCLE TO PRODUCT

RECYCLE TO PLASTIC

RECYCLE TO RAW MATERIAL OR ENERGY

ALTERNATIVE MANUFACTURING

Plastic Production

APPROACH SHOULD BE ECONOMICALLY AND SOCIALLY VIABLE

THERMO MECHNANICAL TREATMENT

RECYCLE TOPRODUCT

RECYCLE TOFEEDSTOCK

RECYCLE TOPLASTIC

RECYCLE TOLIQUID FUEL

RECYCLE TOENERGY RECOVERY

THERMO CHEMICAL TREATMENT

APPROACH THE AREAS WE CAN FOCUS ON

THERMO MECHNANICAL TREATMENT

RECYCLE TOPRODUCT

Collection and Transportation

Collection and Transportation

Dismantaling and washing

Sorting and Washing

Refurbishing

Grinding andMelting

Manufacturing Product

Polymer Product

RECYCLE TOPLASTIC

WHAT WE HAVE DISPOSABILITY

Households,Retail and Industraial

Streets

Recycle route

Waste Route

Rag pickers

Rag pick

ers

Rag

pic

kers

Dumps and Landfill

Merchants

BrokerIndustrial

Collection bins

Transfer Points

Cabadiwalla

PERSONAS NAME: NEETA SINGH AGE: 45 OCCUPATION: HOUSEWIFE STATUS:MARRIED RETAIL SPACES: GARUDA MALL, COMMERCIAL STREET, MG ROAD

Neeta singh has been married for over 20 years to Sunil Singh. They have shifted to Bangalore about 7 years back. She has one son and one daughter, they are both currently in college. Neeta takes care of all the household chores herself and a House help to just assist her. Neeta has many friends in Bangalore. Neeta’s day typically starts of with laying out the breakfast for her husband and children, She offers them a lot of Healthy food like fruits, cornflakes, almonds etc.

She usually packs rolls for children in Klin- wrap and gives it to them in a plastic bag, as it is easy to dispose. Once they all leave the house, she starts with preparing the lunch and she instructs the house help on the various tasks to do. She then if necessary goes to the grocery store to buy things or then she orders from a

near by shop if there is less quantity and they usually deliver in plastic bags. She usually visits Spencer’s or Nilgirs, which is just walking distance from her house. She doesn’t carry her own bag to these places as its not allowed inside and she would have to take the plastic bags anyway. The bags she receives from these retail chains are usually used to line the dustbins, or then stored till there is a need again to use them to carry things. She thinks the government should be doing something about it. She also admits that she throws all the plastic packaging into the dustbin and has no clue where it goes, all she knows is that the maid takes it down to the bin and she thinks that the truck comes and takes it.

PERSONAS NAME: UMESH DALAL AGE: 50 OCCUPATION: CEO STATUS: MARRIED RETAIL SPACES: GARUDA MALL, JAYANAGAR MAIN MARKET

Mr Umesh Dalal Is a CEO of a mid size company at Jayanagar. He has two sons that are both studying abroad. His wife is a school teacher at the nearby nursery school. Umesh heads a large team of people in his office and is constantly traveling around the world. Umesh’s day at office starts with a cup of coffee in a plastic cup from café coffee day at the office canteen. He then visits several meetings scheduled by his personal assistant around where he is offered bottled water, and some biscuits on a kiln wrapped plate. Every time he wants water in the middle of work he is given a new bottle. He consumes over 20 bottles in a day. His lunch is usually

delivered from home, which includes the evening snack as well. This is well packaged in a plastic tiffin and other Ziploc packaging for the roti’s, sandwiches etc. Sometimes he visits the canteen with his team and there he is served food on reusable plates. On the technical front he is trying to make Eco friendly products in his company, where there would be as little as plastic used. Umesh is aware about the Environmental hazards of plastic and they are trying to cut down as much plastic as possible. He has even set aside a budget for corporate social responsibility. He feels that plastic should be completely banned.

PERSONAS NAME: AWADHI GUPTA AGE: 23 OCCUPATION: STUDENT STATUS: SINGLE RETAIL SPACES: GARUDA MALL, COMMERCIAL STREET, MG ROAD

Awadhi Gupta is a student of Mount Carmel College in Bangalore. She is originally from Delhi and has been living in Bangalore. She lives with four of her friends in a two-bed room apartment. They have house help who comes and cleans for them and also cooks them lunch and dinner. Since they are living by themselves they use a lot of packaged junk food, like magi, Lays chips, chips, Ready to eat food. Her day typically starts with a glass of milk from her tetra pack Milk. She leaves for college in an auto and if on the way she is hungry, she buys herself a packet of chips or biscuits, which is

usually disposed of in the dustbin, as she is aware of how she should not litter on the roads. She usually always carries a disposable water bottle which in case she can crush and throw. She loves going shopping with her friends in the by- lanes of Commercial Street. When she picks up one or two things she tries to avoid taking a bag from the shopkeeper. She says she tries reducing plastic at home as far as possible and even educates her maids about it. But she doesn’t really know where to go out and put the garbage so that it reaches the right source.

PERSONAS NAME: P.N. RAO AGE: 35 OCCUPATION: POLICE OFFICER STATUS: SINGLE RETAIL SPACES: COMMERCIAL STREET, SHIVAJI NAGAR, KR MARKET.

PN Rao is police officer at the commercial street police station. He lives in the government quarters with his fellow colleagues. He is usually given lunch at the station and dinner in the quarters. He has a family back in His day starts, with either a duty at the station or a position somewhere around the location of Shivaji Nagar. His Walkie-talkie usually informs him early in the morning of his location. When he is stationed outside, His duty is too monitor the traffic and penalize anyone who breaks traffic rules. While he is at duty, he usually tries carrying his own bottle of water, which he refills from various

places. Incase he forgets his bottle; He buys or borrows from nearby localities. He usually has a fixed location to have coffee in a day. He has about 4 coffees in a day in those small plastic cups, which he just litters anywhere around. He is aware that people throw plastic and litter all over. He feels nothing can be done about it because people don’t care and neither do the government. He feels that there is very little he can do as it is not in his capacity. He is not aware about the environmental hazardous that plastic.

PERSONAS NAME: VIJAYA CHANDRA AGE: 37 OCCUPATION: HOUSE HELP STATUS: WIDOW RETAIL SPACES: JC NAGAR, SHIVAJI NAGAR

Vijaya is house help at the Neeladri Mahal building. She visits over 6 houses in a day and assists people of the house with cleaning, cooking and all household chores. She has two children and both are going to an English medium school. Her husband expired over 8 years back and ever since she has been taking care of the family.Her day starts at 8:00 am in one house where she does all the cleaning and mopping and washing the clothes. She has to throw

all the garbage in the common dustbin in the building. In all the houses she demands them to put plastic liners so that it is easier for her. She just ties the bag and dumps it in the bin. She takes all the extra bottles and big waste in the house and sells it to the cabadiwalla opposite the house. She says she has heard that plastic harms the environment, but does not know how. She says she will try in her capacity to do whatvever it takes if she is taught what to do.

SURVEY A DEMOGRAPHIC OF 100

The survey covered a large demographic of the Middle class, Upper middle class segment of society

The most frequently used plastic is Bottles 71%, Bags: 69%

60% of the people think their garbage goes to the municipal dump And only 40% think it gets recycled

61% of the people think plastic should not be completely banned

62% of the demographic do not mind paying for there own bag as long as it is Reasonable.

85% of the people would want to be a part of an initiative

THE INDUSTRY IS WORRIED

State and central Government- Losing credibility and public criticism

Muncipalities- Costs and reduction

Plastic Producers- Ban on plastic Packaging

FMGC’s- Branded litter= Erosion of Brand Value

Retailers- Supply Infefficiencies

NGO’s - Government and Industry support.

Recycler - Steady stream of materials and Information.

WHAT IS IN PLACE?

NGO's- collection and seggregation centers

KK plastics- plastics for the road

Strong system of collection by Cabadiwallas

Recycling technologies for most plastics

Identification numbers for segregation

Policy of banning 20 microns plastic

WHAT WE NEED

National policy - Ranging from voluntary to Regulatoray

Societal engagement - Scope for social Innovation

Infrastructure for collection and separation - A challenge in our country

Technologies, Market and prices for recycled products- Designing for the Next life

CHANGES REQUIRED

Discovering New technology and Innovation

Collaboration

A strong policy and enforcement

Shared agenda on SWM

A database

Seggregation at source

Street committees

Self help groups

Piolt project

Encourage to Bring your own bag

De- centralize segregation and collection

Packager being Responsible

Education and Uplifting of the Ragpickers

AwarnessCampaign

BIG IDEASFINDING ALTERNATIVES - Bring your own bags

METHOD OF DISPOSABILITY/COLLECTION/ SEGREGATION Collection centers, Ragpickers

CREATING AWARENESS: Schools, colleges, IT firms