Personality Disorders (PDOs)
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Personality Disorders (PDOs)
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Personality• Unique and long-term pattern of inner
experience and outward behavior• Often described in terms of “traits”• Comes from combination of genetics and
environment
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Personality Disorders (PDOs)
OLD DSM: Psychological disorders characterized by disruptive, inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning and deviate from the expectations of one’s culture.
NEW DSM: impairments in personality (self and interpersonal) functioning and the presence of pathological personality traits
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Based on New DSM Criteria
Problems with Self-function (SF)
Problems with Inter-personal function (IPF)
Pathological Personality Traits (PPT)
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5 specific types of PDOs Anti-social Avoidant Borderline Narcissistic Obsessive-Compulsive Schizotypal
Overall: 9.1% adults over 12 mo. period
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Anti-Social PDO (@ 1%) Problems with SF:
Ego-centrism Problems with IPF:
• X Pro-social behaviors
• X Intimacy• X Empathy
PPT:• Antagonism• Lack of inhibition
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Anti-Social PDO Causes Biological & psychological
• X gene code for complex behavior• Show little ANS arousal• Can detect behavior for children as young as 3• Boys who become anti-social adults were:
Impulsive Uninhibited Unconcerned with social rewards Low anxiety
• Socio-cultural factors (nature and nurture interact)
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Avoidant PDO (5.2%) Problems with SF:
Low self-esteem Problems with IPF: Fear of rejection PPT:
Withdrawal, Intimacy avoidance, inability to feel pleasure or take interest in lifeAnxiousness
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Borderline PDO (1.6%)
Problems with SF: Unstable self-image; instability in goals, aspirations or values
Problems with IPF: b/c of hypersensitivity, X feel empathy with others; worries @ abandonment
PPT: frequent mood changes, anxiousness, separation anxiety, depressive tendencies, lack of inhibition, antagonism
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Narcissistic PDO Problems with
SF: Exaggerated self-esteem
Problems with IPF: superficial relationships
PPT: Grandiosity
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Obsessive Compulsive PDO
Problems with SF: perfectionism
Problems with IPF: relationships secondary to work
PPT: Negative Affectivity
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Schizotypal Problems with SF: Distorted self-concept Problems with IPF: Mis-interpretations PPT: Eccentricity, Odd thought process,
detachment