Personal Training Certificate

Anatomy and Physiology Mock PaperCandidate Name

Date

Instructions: Make sure your name is in the box at the top, followed by the date you did

the test Tick or highlight your selected answer in the far right hand column. Word documents can be saved and emailed as an attachment for marking Printed copies can be scanned and sent as jpeg or PDF documents and

emailed as an attachment for marking A minimum of 28 marks overall (70%) is required to pass

Q1What is the name of the valve that is located between the left ventricle and left atrium? (1 mark)a. Tricuspidb. Aorticc. Pulmonaryd. Bicuspid

Q2Which sensory organs register the position of the body? (1 mark)a. Proprioceptorsb. Thermoreceptorsc. Chemoreceptorsd. Baroreceptors

Q3Which statement describes the endocrine system? (1 mark)a. It is made up of neurons that transmit information between different parts of the bodyb. It is made up of glands which secrete hormones into the bloodstream to regulate the bodyc. It is made up of bones which provide support and protection to major organsd. It is made up of muscles which allow movement of different parts of the body

Q4In which anatomical plane does lordosis occur? (1 mark)a. Frontalb. Transversec. Sagittald. Coronal

Q5

HT/L3PT/A&PMock 1

If a client with moderate hypertension began regular cardiovascular training, resting and exercising blood pressures can be reduced by: (1 mark)a. 1-10 mmHgb. 11-20 mmHgc. 21-30 mmHgd. 31-40 mmHg

Q6Which one of the following valves prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle? (1 mark)

a.

b.

c.

d.

Q7The ovaries release hormones which:a. Activate milk production in women who are breast feedingb. Promote bone growth and developmentc. Stimulate the breakdown of Glycogen to Glucosed. Decrease hair growth on the body

Q8How can the vascular system increase blood flow to a specific area of the body? (1 mark)a. By vasoconstriction of arterioles leading to that area of the bodyb. By vasodilation of venules leading to that area of the bodyc. By vasoconstriction of venules leading to that area of the bodyd. By vasodilation of arterioles leading to that area of the body

Q9What is pyruvic acid converted to when there is inadequate oxygen? (1 mark)a. Lactic acidb. Creatinec. Carbon dioxided. ADP

Q10What statement describes a short term effect of exercise? (1 mark)a. A decrease in systolic blood pressure

HT/L3PT/A&PMock 2

b. A decrease in stroke volumec. An increase in systolic blood pressure unrelated to exercise intensityd. An increase in systolic blood pressure related to exercise intensity

Q11Which term is used to describe the outer layer of a muscle? (1 mark)a. Endomysiumb. Epimysiumc. Periosteumd. Perimysium

Q12Which activity will predominantly recruit ‘slow oxidative’ motor units? (1 mark)a. Sprintingb. Throwingc. Walkingd. Jumping

Q13Which statement describes the systolic blood pressure response during exercise? (1 mark)a. It decreases under the influence of the autonomic nervous systemb. It increases under the influence of the autonomic nervous systemc. It decreases under the influence of the somatic nervous systemd. It increases under the influence of the somatic nervous system

Q14Which of the following muscles does NOT attach to the ribs and the iliac crest? (1 mark)a. External obliquesb. Transverse abdominisc. Internal obliquesd. Rectus abdominis

Q15A benefit of core stability training is: (1 mark)a. Increased risk of joint laxityb. Reduced bone densityc. Increased cardiac outputd. Improved balance

Q16Which quadricep muscle crosses two joints? (1 mark)a. Vastus intermediusb. Vastus medialisc. Vastus lateralis

HT/L3PT/A&PMock 3

d. Rectus femoris

Q17Which structure is the arrow pointing to? (1 mark)a. Circumflex arteryb. Right coronary arteryc. Left aortic valved. Pulmonary artery

Q18Complete the sentence: (1 mark) The anaerobic threshold is described as the point at which______________________________________ than it can be cleared.a. Heat build-up occurs slowerb. Lactate build-up occurs slowerc. Heat build-up occurs fasterd. Lactate build-up occurs faster

Q19Which statement describes the action of supraspinatus? (1 mark)a. Abduction of the shoulder in the frontal planeb. Abduction of the shoulder in the transverse planec. External rotation of the humerus in the frontal planed. External rotation of the humerus in the transverse plane

Q20Plaque deposits on the walls of blood vessels may be decreased by: (1 mark)a. Regular consumption of red meatb. Genetic factorsc. Smokingd. An active lifestyle

Q21The structure of collagen fibres in a synovial joint capsule can be described as: (1 mark)a. Dense, elastic, regularb. Dense, inelastic, irregularc. Dense, elastic, irregulard. Dense, inelastic, regular

HT/L3PT/A&PMock 4

Q22Where is the transverse abdominis located? (1 mark)a. Deep to the internal obliques and external obliquesb. Superficial to the external obliques and internal obliquesc. Deep to the external obliques and superficial to the internal obliquesd. Superficial to the external obliques and deep to the internal obliques

Q23What muscle contributes to extension of the vertebral column? (1 mark)a. Pectineusb. Multifidusc. Levator scapulaed. Rectus abdominis

Q24Complete the sentence: (1 mark) The ______________________ stimulates the relaxation of muscle during PNF stretching.a. Afferent nerveb. Golgi tendon organc. Myosin filamentsd. Muscle spindles

Q25Which muscle is involved in hip abduction? (1 mark)a. Gracilisb. Piriformisc. Gastrocnemiusd. Pectineus

Q26What is the function of the spinal cord? (1 mark)a. To transmit informationb. To supply blood and nutrientsc. To supply hormonesd. To help support the vertebral column

Q27Which muscle helps to maintain a neutral spine position? (1 mark)a. Vastus medialisb. Tibialis anteriorc. Quadratus lumborumd. Brachialis

Q28Which action is performed by the muscle pictured below? (1 mark)

HT/L3PT/A&PMock 5

a. Extension of the kneeb. Flexion of the kneec. Abduction of the hipd. Adduction of the hip

Q29Which of the following would slow down breathing rate? (1 mark)a. Parasympathetic action of the somatic nervous systemb. Sympathetic action of the somatic nervous systemc. Parasympathetic action of the autonomic nervous systemd. Sympathetic action of the autonomic nervous system

Q30Why is it important to maintain spine alignment when lifting equipment from the floor? (1 mark)a. Reduced stress on ligamentsb. Increased stress on ligamentsc. Reduced sacral curvatured. Increased sacral curvature

Q31What is an alternative term for the semi-lunar valve? (1 mark)a. Tricuspid valveb. Bicuspid valvec. Aortic valved. Mitral valve

Q32Which exercise can help to correct a kyphotic posture? (1 mark)a. Stretching the lower portion of the trapeziusb. Strengthening the thoracic erector spinaec. Strengthening rectus abdominisd. Stretching the lumbar multifidus

Q33Which statement describes dendrites? (1 mark)a. Tree like extensions that receive informationb. The gap between two nerve cells

HT/L3PT/A&PMock 6

c. The fatty sheath which surrounds the axond. An elongated fibre that transmits information

Q34Arteriosclerosis can be defined as: (1 mark)a. Increased high density lipoprotein levels within the bloodb. Dilation of the arterial walls during aerobic activityc. Diseases that cause hardening and loss of elasticity in arteriesd. Depositing of lipids in the arterial walls

Q35What is the contractile unit of a muscle fibre? (1 mark)a. Tendonb. Fasciclec. Sarcomered. Endomysium

Q36What are the characteristics of Type 1 muscle fibres? (1 mark)a. High force capacity, low mitochondria and low capillary densityb. Low force capacity, high mitochondria and high capillary densityc. Intermediate force capacity, high mitochondria and low capillary densityd. Low force capacity, low mitochondria and high capillary density

Q37Which statement describes a motor unit? (1 mark)a. A motor neuron that transmits information to the central nervous systemb. A sensory neuron that detects muscle movementc. A group of muscles working together to create movementd. A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibres to which it connects

Q38Which part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is responsible for controlling voluntary muscular activity? (1 mark)a. Parasympathetic systemb. Sympathetic systemc. Somatic systemd. Autonomic system

Q39Which gland labelled below releases hormones that stimulate the breakdown of Glycogen to Glucose? (1 mark)

HT/L3PT/A&PMock 7

a.

b.

c.

d.

Q40Which reaction is caused by the release of epinephrine? (1 mark)a. Increased body fat depositsb. Increased breathing ratec. Decreased muscle massd. Decreased heart rate

HT/L3PT/A&PMock 8