PERSON-CENTEREDTHERAPY

-CARL ROGERS-

PRESENTER:

1. MOHAMAD HASBULLAH BIN ABD RAHIM2. NOOR HIDAYAH BT HAMDAN

Carl Rogers is the father of the humanistic movement in Psychotherapy

His core theme in therapy is non-judgmental listening & acceptance of the client, better known as unconditional positive regard

His therapeutic approach is known as the Person Centered Therapy, which is based on the concepts of humanistic psychology & shares many of the concepts of Existentialism

Both of these concepts share the idea that the client can make positive & constructive choices

His approach is also based on the theory that people are "trustworthy" and can solve their own problems without direct intervention from the therapist

Rogers : Father of Humanistic Movement

Born : January 8, 1902(1902-01-08)Oak Park, Illinois, U.S.

Died : February 4, 1987(1987-02-04) (aged 85)San Diego, California, U.S.

Nationality : American Fields : Psychology Institutions Ohio State University

University of ChicagoUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonWestern Behavioral Sciences InstituteCenter for Studies of the Person

Alma mater : University of Wisconsin–MadisonTeachers College, Columbia University

Known for : The Person-centered approach (e.g., Client-centered therapy, Student-centered learning, Rogerian argument)

Influences Otto Rank, Kurt Goldstein, Friedrich Nietzsche Notable awards Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions to

Psychology (1956, APA); Award for Distinguished Contributions to Applied Psychology as a Professional Practice (1972, APA); 1964 Humanist of the Year (American Humanist Association)

Carl Rogers

DEFINITION…

Person-centered therapy, which is also known as client-centered, non-directive, or Rogerian therapy, is an approach to counseling and psychotherapy that places much of the responsibility for the treatment process on the client, with the therapist taking a nondirective role.

MAIN COMPONENTS

CONGRUENCE:- refers to the therapist's openness and genuineness-the willingness to relate to clients without hiding behind a professional facade.

UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD:- means that the therapist accepts the client totally for who he or she is without evaluating or censoring, and without disapproving of particular feelings, actions, or characteristics

Cont……

EMPATHY:- Showing an emotional understanding of and sensitivity to the client's feelings throughout the therapy session.

- “Enter to client shoes” rasa apa yang client rasa

Acc to Rogers, “self is an outgrowth of what a person experiences and awareness of self helps a person differentiate him/her from others.”

-(pengalaman/kesedaran membezakan antara 1 sama lain)

‘Real self’ and ‘ideal self’

The more is the gap b/w real self and ideal self, the more will be the maladjustment ( ketidakupayaan menyesuaikan diri) .

For a healthy self to emerge, a person needs positive regard

CONCEPT OF SELF

Teori Pemusatan Peroarangan (Afektif/ perasaan)

Tokoh Teori: Carl Rogers

Pandangan terhadap manusia…

# Manusia pada asasnya adalah unik, baik, positif dan boleh dipercayai

# Fokus kepada kendiri di mana manusia bergerak menuju penyempurnaan kendiri

# Konsep diri sebenar (real self) berbanding diri idaman (ideal self)

Pandangan terhadap punca masalah

# Persekitaran boleh mempengaruhi perlakuan negatif manusia

# Diri sebenar (real self) tidak serupa diri idaman (ideal self)

Peranan Kaunselor….# Kaunselor bertindak sebagai pemudahcara (fasilitator) # Memberi fokus kepada keunikan klien

# Mempamerkan ciri mesra, empati, menerima, jujur dan konkrit

# Merapatkan jurang diri sebenar dan idaman klien

Matlamat….

# Penerokaan kendiri dan sikap terbuka kepada diri dan orang lain,

# Klien “temui” dirinya sendiri

# Klien mempunyai lokus kawalan dalaman yang stabil # Klien mempunyai konsep kendiri yang positif

Teknik

# Konsep IF (Jika ….) dan THEN (maka….) # Terima klien seadanya, tanpa syarat, berempati dan mesra

# Hubungan kaunselor – klien yang terapeutik sentiasa dipentingkan