-shy )shy

I I I I

PERMEABILITY TESTING FOR THE WESTERN SAND AND GRAVEL CAP

The cap desianed for the Western Sand and Gravel site is a composite desian consisting of a

40 mil hiah density polyethylene (HDPE) synthetic membrane backed up by a secondary barrier of

natural materials The standard practice is to use a low permeability clay u the secondary barrier

Because of a lack of suitable clay in the reaion reasonably near the site a bullmanufacturedbull clay of

bentonite blended with wuhinas1 is to be used A riaorous testina program wu conducted to

properly design the blend and conditions of placement

Durina the period April 1986 throuah Auaust 1987 Haley and Aldrich Inc of Cambridge

Musacbusetts conducted a laboratory permeability testina proaram for varioua blends of bentonite

with Forte Brothers Inc wuhinp Variables in the testina proarama were source of wuhings

bentonite content moisture content and dearee of compaction Based on these results an eiaht

percent bentonite blend compacted at 2411amp moisture wu selected

Observations and indications bued on these test results were

bull Permeabilities from a low of 30 x 109 cmaec to a blah of 77 x 10 cmaec were obtained in the laboratory

bull Bentonlte from two vendors produced equJvalent perm blliry results

bull bull bullBac~tbull stockpile wuhinas at Forte Brothers Inc are superior for lo permeability hintsbentonite blends

bull Joe in moltture content yielded lower perm bility

bull Increased compaction at a aiven moisture content yielded lo r pe

Subsequent

bandl ud com

fully de lop

tiJ

to the determination or blend apecifications

third-party quality assurance firm for cap construction Q

t a blend with 24 moisture To pin kDo ledamp re this Qu

relatio hip amona perm bWty moisture and de city Oo

in hich Hal y ud Aldrich also partlcipat

rrom thlt ( tina ere

nd could be com

blllty

Aaociates

ability to

n ud to more r conduct d

76 3

I I I I

bull The two laboratories differed by at least an order of maanitude on permeability results with Haley and Aldrich always indicatina a lower permeability than Golder

bull Permeabilities ranaed from 59 x 10 middotamp emsec to 125 x 105 emsec

The next phase of the testina proaram wu to construct a field test pad at the site Based on

the results from both laboratories bentonite content of the test pad blend wu controlled to 10

weiaht percent (the 10 percent was composed of 88 percent aranular bentonite plus 12 percent fine

bentonite) On September 24 1987 undisturbed samples (Shelby tubes) were taken from the

bentonitewashinas test pad and submitted to permeability testina in the laboratory Variables in

the samples were 1) screened venus unscreened washinas and 2) test laboratory (and associated

analytical protocols etc) A results summary is presented in Table 3

The observations and indications from the field tests of the test pad were

bull No difference in permeability between unscreened and screened wuhinp

bull The overall permeability was 37 x 101 emsec (aeometric mean of 13 samples) The aeometric mean of 10 Golder samples wu 49 x 10-7 cmtiiJC The mean of 3 Haley and Aldrich samples was 15 x 10-7 cmaec

Based on the permeability test results and on field moisture content and density testina by

nuclear aauae on the test pad the ftnal cap specifications were refined to m t a performao aoat

of lxl01 emsec The final specifications are

1) bentonite content 12 percent (the 12 percent to be compoled of 105 perceDt araaular bentonite plus 15 percent fine bentonia )

2) moisture content of 24 (+4 -2) percent

3) minimum dry density of 92 pcf

In reflDiq the specifications to m t a permeability a()jl] of bl07 cm1 Ol o cow~ntd

veral factors

I) Lower permeabiUty results e relative to Golder Auociat result variability is hiab Tb poor seal at sampl edae chana U

2)

Perm bUity T tln W t m Sand d 0 p

I I

I I

3) Reductions in permeability with increased bentonite content are indicated by permeability testing results

)

The relationship between bentonite content and permeability is presented in Figure 2 (Haley and

Aldrich Inc and Golder laboratory testing on bullfront and bullbackbull stockpile washings bullMiddlebull

stockpile washings did not give acceptable permeabiUties and will not be used in the final cap and

the results are thus not presented graphically) A least squares line was calculated for the Haley

and Aldrich Inc data which was normalized to 24 moisture through use of Fiaure 1 Olins

judaement is that this line describes the relationship between bentonite content and permeability

ie the slope of this line correctly describes how permeability decreases with increuina bentonite

content This judaement is based on the similarity of slopes for all the data except the one set (Set

V) of Golder data Usina the relation (slope) and dnwina the curve throuah the Haley and

Aldrich Inc test pad result (geometric mean of lSxl07 emsec for 10 bentonite content)

indicates a permeability of 62x108 emsec in the final cap constructed with 12 bentonite content

(Fiaure 3) In a similar manner usina the Golder test pad result (aeometric mean of 49xl07

emsec for 10 bentonite content) indicates a permeability of 2x107 emsec in the final cap

constructed with 12 bentonite content (Fiaure 3) Olin bu judaed that sianificant variabillty in

permeability test results wlll occur when tests are run in different laboratories and furthermore that

Haley and Aldrich Inc and Golder Associates results represent the low end and hiah end

respectively of the ranae of results expected (ie for a aiven sample sent to a number of

laboratories Haley and Aldrich Inc would report a results at the low end of the ranae and Golder

Associates would report a result at the hiah end of the ranae) Thus we believe that a mld-ranae

curve u shown in Fiaure 3 satisfactorily describes the field results This mid-ranae curve indicates

that the permeability of the final cap with 12 bentonite wiU be llxl07 emsec

DISCUSSION OF PERMEABILITY TES11NG PROORAMS

In AprU 1916 OUn conltiCted Hal y and Aldrich Inc of Cambridae busetts to

coDduct a search and laboratory t tina proaram to loca suitabl low perm biUty 10ill material~ for the W tern Sand and Gra I cap Results showed that laboratory perm biliti on th order of

101 em could be obtain by blendinl hin ith bentonJr The most suitabl 10urce for

hinas Fort Broth Inc Cumberl d J (Refern bullReport on Lo bUity

Borro Materlal In tJon tern d and Ora t dflU Cov r Bunillvlll r AUIl$1

19 19amp6 by Hal y 1c1rkb In ) Appeadlx A

biJity T Dd

I I I I

bull The two laboratories differed by at least an order of maanitude on permeability results with Haley and Aldrich always indicatina a lower permeability than Golder

bull Permeabilities ranaed from 59 x 10 middotamp emsec to 125 x 105 emsec

The next phase of the testina proaram wu to construct a field test pad at the site Based on

the results from both laboratories bentonite content of the test pad blend wu controlled to 10

weiaht percent (the 10 percent was composed of 88 percent aranular bentonite plus 12 percent fine

bentonite) On September 24 1987 undisturbed samples (Shelby tubes) were taken from the

bentonitewashinas test pad and submitted to permeability testina in the laboratory Variables in

the samples were 1) screened venus unscreened washinas and 2) test laboratory (and associated

analytical protocols etc) A results summary is presented in Table 3

The observations and indications from the field tests of the test pad were

bull No difference in permeability between unscreened and screened wuhinp

bull The overall permeability was 37 x 101 emsec (aeometric mean of 13 samples) The aeometric mean of 10 Golder samples wu 49 x 10-7 cmtiiJC The mean of 3 Haley and Aldrich samples was 15 x 10-7 cmaec

Based on the permeability test results and on field moisture content and density testina by

nuclear aauae on the test pad the ftnal cap specifications were refined to m t a performao aoat

of lxl01 emsec The final specifications are

1) bentonite content 12 percent (the 12 percent to be compoled of 105 perceDt araaular bentonite plus 15 percent fine bentonia )

2) moisture content of 24 (+4 -2) percent

3) minimum dry density of 92 pcf

In reflDiq the specifications to m t a permeability a()jl] of bl07 cm1 Ol o cow~ntd

veral factors

I) Lower permeabiUty results e relative to Golder Auociat result variability is hiab Tb poor seal at sampl edae chana U

2)

Perm bUity T tln W t m Sand d 0 p

I I

I I

3) Reductions in permeability with increased bentonite content are indicated by permeability testing results

)

The relationship between bentonite content and permeability is presented in Figure 2 (Haley and

Aldrich Inc and Golder laboratory testing on bullfront and bullbackbull stockpile washings bullMiddlebull

stockpile washings did not give acceptable permeabiUties and will not be used in the final cap and

the results are thus not presented graphically) A least squares line was calculated for the Haley

and Aldrich Inc data which was normalized to 24 moisture through use of Fiaure 1 Olins

judaement is that this line describes the relationship between bentonite content and permeability

ie the slope of this line correctly describes how permeability decreases with increuina bentonite

content This judaement is based on the similarity of slopes for all the data except the one set (Set

V) of Golder data Usina the relation (slope) and dnwina the curve throuah the Haley and

Aldrich Inc test pad result (geometric mean of lSxl07 emsec for 10 bentonite content)

indicates a permeability of 62x108 emsec in the final cap constructed with 12 bentonite content

(Fiaure 3) In a similar manner usina the Golder test pad result (aeometric mean of 49xl07

emsec for 10 bentonite content) indicates a permeability of 2x107 emsec in the final cap

constructed with 12 bentonite content (Fiaure 3) Olin bu judaed that sianificant variabillty in

permeability test results wlll occur when tests are run in different laboratories and furthermore that

Haley and Aldrich Inc and Golder Associates results represent the low end and hiah end

respectively of the ranae of results expected (ie for a aiven sample sent to a number of

laboratories Haley and Aldrich Inc would report a results at the low end of the ranae and Golder

Associates would report a result at the hiah end of the ranae) Thus we believe that a mld-ranae

curve u shown in Fiaure 3 satisfactorily describes the field results This mid-ranae curve indicates

that the permeability of the final cap with 12 bentonite wiU be llxl07 emsec

DISCUSSION OF PERMEABILITY TES11NG PROORAMS

In AprU 1916 OUn conltiCted Hal y and Aldrich Inc of Cambridae busetts to

coDduct a search and laboratory t tina proaram to loca suitabl low perm biUty 10ill material~ for the W tern Sand and Gra I cap Results showed that laboratory perm biliti on th order of

101 em could be obtain by blendinl hin ith bentonJr The most suitabl 10urce for

hinas Fort Broth Inc Cumberl d J (Refern bullReport on Lo bUity

Borro Materlal In tJon tern d and Ora t dflU Cov r Bunillvlll r AUIl$1

19 19amp6 by Hal y 1c1rkb In ) Appeadlx A

biJity T Dd

I I

I I

3) Reductions in permeability with increased bentonite content are indicated by permeability testing results

)

The relationship between bentonite content and permeability is presented in Figure 2 (Haley and

Aldrich Inc and Golder laboratory testing on bullfront and bullbackbull stockpile washings bullMiddlebull

stockpile washings did not give acceptable permeabiUties and will not be used in the final cap and

the results are thus not presented graphically) A least squares line was calculated for the Haley

and Aldrich Inc data which was normalized to 24 moisture through use of Fiaure 1 Olins

judaement is that this line describes the relationship between bentonite content and permeability

ie the slope of this line correctly describes how permeability decreases with increuina bentonite

content This judaement is based on the similarity of slopes for all the data except the one set (Set

V) of Golder data Usina the relation (slope) and dnwina the curve throuah the Haley and

Aldrich Inc test pad result (geometric mean of lSxl07 emsec for 10 bentonite content)

indicates a permeability of 62x108 emsec in the final cap constructed with 12 bentonite content

(Fiaure 3) In a similar manner usina the Golder test pad result (aeometric mean of 49xl07

emsec for 10 bentonite content) indicates a permeability of 2x107 emsec in the final cap

constructed with 12 bentonite content (Fiaure 3) Olin bu judaed that sianificant variabillty in

permeability test results wlll occur when tests are run in different laboratories and furthermore that

Haley and Aldrich Inc and Golder Associates results represent the low end and hiah end

respectively of the ranae of results expected (ie for a aiven sample sent to a number of

laboratories Haley and Aldrich Inc would report a results at the low end of the ranae and Golder

Associates would report a result at the hiah end of the ranae) Thus we believe that a mld-ranae

curve u shown in Fiaure 3 satisfactorily describes the field results This mid-ranae curve indicates

that the permeability of the final cap with 12 bentonite wiU be llxl07 emsec

DISCUSSION OF PERMEABILITY TES11NG PROORAMS

In AprU 1916 OUn conltiCted Hal y and Aldrich Inc of Cambridae busetts to

coDduct a search and laboratory t tina proaram to loca suitabl low perm biUty 10ill material~ for the W tern Sand and Gra I cap Results showed that laboratory perm biliti on th order of

101 em could be obtain by blendinl hin ith bentonJr The most suitabl 10urce for

hinas Fort Broth Inc Cumberl d J (Refern bullReport on Lo bUity

Borro Materlal In tJon tern d and Ora t dflU Cov r Bunillvlll r AUIl$1

19 19amp6 by Hal y 1c1rkb In ) Appeadlx A

biJity T Dd

I I I -I

Beainnina Auaust 1986 further laboratory permeability testina of the Forte Brothers Inc

washinas was undertaken by Haley and Aldrich Inc Bentonite content moisture content and

dearee of compaction were varied to determine their effects Test results (reference Data Set I

Table 1) showed decreased permeabilities with increues in moisture content These test results

were summarized in Fiaures 4 and 5 of bullReport of Supplemental Laboratory Low Permeability Soil

Testina Proaram Western Sand and Gravel Landfill Cover Burrillville Rhode Islandbull May 7 1987

by Haley and Aldrich Inc reproduced u Appendix A of this summary Test results indicated

permeabllities on the order of 1 x 108 to 2 X 108 emsec were obtainable at a bentonite content

of 8 percent at 23 percent moisture content A permeability lower than 1 X 108 emsec was

obtained at a hiaher bentonite content and hiaher moisture content To obtain the desired

permeability in the field specifications were selected to be 8 percent bentonite content 22 to 26

percent moisture content and approximately 98 percent of the Standard Procter maximum dry

density

All Haley and Aldrich Inc laboratory testina of wuhlnas prior to July 1987 had been

conducted mWna in American Colloid Co bullvolclay SG-40 bentonite To assess the acceptability

or Black Hills ~C-101bull bentonite u an alternate supply Haley and Aldrich Inc conducted a

laboratory testina proaram consistina of Atterbera L~ts sieve and hydrometer analyses standard

Procter compaction and permeabillty tests on Black Hills bentonite mixed with Forte Brothen

wubinp In a letter report to Weston Services Inc dated July 28 1987 Haley and Aldrich Inc

conchadtd that Black Hills bentonite is equivalent to bullvotclay SG-40 (reference subject letter

repon)

At the Forte Brotben Inc facility three stockpiles of washinp have been identified and

u front stockpile bullmiddlebull stockpile and bac~ stockpile AU laboratory testina by

y ud Aldrich Inc prior to Auaust 1987 wu conducted uslna wuhinas from the bullfront and

bull tockpil

AU Haley and Aldrich Inc laboratory tina wu conducted at th Haley and Aldrich Inc

located lD Campmbridae busetts

AUampust 19 7 GokSer (CoostrUCtion Quality Offi er for W tern Sand

l Ctosu ) ob n pi from lb bullmidd 11oc pl at Fon Brothen lnc

I I I I

middot Permeability tests2 on these washings were run at a percent Black Hills bentonite content and

varyina moisture contents and degrees of compaction Results (reference Data Set I Table 2)

indicated that maximum permeabilities of 1 x 107 were not obtainable with bullmiddlebull stockpile

washinas at the specifications of a percent bentonite 22 to 26 percent moisture content and 101

pcf dry density

Between Auaust 2S and September 2 19a7 Golder Associates directed a laboratory

permeability testina2 proaram to vary the bentonite content from 88 to 98 to 120 percent in

middlebull atockpile washinas Permeabillties (reference Data Set n Table 2) less than 1 x 107

emsec were not obtained at either 88 98 or 12 percent bentonite and 23 to 2S percent moisture

97 to 100 pc( dry density usina bullmiddtebull atoclcpile washiDp

Oil September 3 1987 split aamples of bullmiddlebull stockpile washlDp and Black Hills bentonite

were Mnt from Golder Associates to the Haley and Aldrich Inc laboratory in Cambridae

Muaacbusetts Permeability tests usina the split samples were run at the Haley and Aldrich Inc

laboratory at a aod 12 percent bentonite contents and at simllar moisture contents and dry densities

Results to be compared ue in Table 1 Data Set m and Table 2 Data Set D TheM results ahow a

areater than order of mqoitude difference in permeability test results between the two laboratories

(Haley and Aldrich Joe permeability results ue lower by approximately a factor of 006 than

Golder Aaociat results) A sliaht decfease in perm billty with bentonite content iDcreue is

exhibited ith bullmiddl bull stockpile wuhinp

deui

(ret

upon an ioterim cooclusion t bullmiddlebull stockpil wuhioJt would not provide 1 x a perm blUty t t1q proaram was conducted by Golder Associates on bullfront

aod on tbull tockplle inp Be n September 3 ~d 9 1987 four (~)

ruD on wuhio bentonite b1endJ all at llmilar moisture contents and dry

Dt fro a to 12 percent for both bullfront and bullbackbull hinp Results

bull Tab 2) iodi t that lc tockpU wuhiop ue auperior with

to obtalDlq a biUty bentonit I hiqs ble d aod upported th conclusion that

~ rior laquotUdd1 bull pil ill oot be lo tb

of a 12 pe in permeability lth

tJ laboratory io

HU n~ Dit Cobull

Between September 10 and 14 1987 a permeability testina proaram on bullbackbull stockpile

wuhinp wu conducted by Golder Associates A new sample of bullbackbull stockpile washings was

collected by Golder Associates for this program (The quantity of wuhinp remaining after Data

Set IV Table 2 testing wu insufficient) Three permeability tests were run at 10 12 and 14

percent bentonite contents and similar moisture contents and dry densities The permeability test

results (reference Data Set V Table 2) did not correlate with the permeability test results of Data

Set IV Table 2 (for example at 12 bentonite content an

difference between test results exists) Permeabilities less than 1 x

at either 10 12 or 14 percent bentonite

bentonite content does not follow the relationship indicated by all other data iD the testina program

usiDa bullrronr and bullbackbull stockpile wuhinp

Bued on test resultJ and due to a different fiDe content between -vo1clay SG-o- and Black I

Hills Toebe Chemical (supplier or Black Hills bentonite) recommended that Black Hills bentonite

fiDes also be used iD the test pad and cap to be constructed at Western Sand and Gravel

pad wu coostructed with a Black Hills aranular bentonite content or 11 percent plus a 12 percent

content of Black Hills bentonite fiDes

0o September 23 1987 I test Clll (compacted thickness

completed accordiDa to the foUowina specifications

bull Wuhinp source wu Forte Brothen Inc backbull stockpile

bull One halt or the test fill wu coostructed Ulina UDSCreened wuhinp iD the other hal( hinp screened tbrouah 14 inch screeos were used

bull Bentonite content wu plus 1211 rme bentonite product)

bull Moisture content wu contJOUed to 24 t211

0o $ep mber 24 1987 I

test ruJ and thirt n from the screened on) undisturbed sampl

submitted for perm bllity t tiq T oty or the sampl

to Golder ia 2 and six (three from h

All tina conducted by Woodward-Clyd

an Black Hills

p

approximate order of magnitude

107 emsec were not obtained

The decrease iD permeability obtained by iDcreuina

middot

The test

6bull+) of I wuhinp blend WU

1~ Bl ck Hills bentonite (11 araoular bentonite product

total Of twenty-Six (thirteen from the UDICreened section Of th

(Shelby hlbe) re taken and

(ten from b section) were submitted

on) were submitted to Hal y and Aldrich Inc

Coasultants bo tory io

bentonh (Black Hills Bentooll Co

6

I I II

for analysis The permeability results (reference Table 4) showed no significant difference between

unscreened and screened wuhinp Therefore the unscreened wuhinas were selected for use in the

final cap Comparison of the aeometric means of Golder Associates and Haley and Aldrich Inc

results shows Haley and Aldrich Inc to obtain lower permeabllities by a factor of 03

bull

=shy -zlobullo _1nbull Ibullbulln~lt bull bull

a~rrel -middot ~smiddot-=s SUMMARY OF LADORATORY PERMEABILITY TESTS -~middot1

0 middot I ~I0 -cO il a pound-1imiddot~

Moisture Dry I Content Densi~ Bentonite k

lbsf Type emsec

1084 AC SOxl07 ~~ zen

22x1omiddot7 iili 1040 AC ~e 1020 AC 16xl01 ~en

== 1036 AC 23x107 l-ie

~= 1037 AC 96x101 t== oa 973 AC 30x109 0=~lt

1073 AC 11x107 00 t

1079 AC 131107

1070 AC 24xtomiddotbull

1010 BH 131101

1022 BH 101107

1024 BH s9x101

I I I I

TABLE 1 ~

BY HALEY ct ALDRICH INC

Sample Data Location Sample Bentonite Set Date (stockpile) JD

I 886 BackFront S7 126

I 986 BackFront 80 188

I 1186 BackFront 80 234

I 1086 BackFront 100 127

I 1086 BackFront 100 192

I 1186 BackFront 100 2S8

I 1086 BackFront 120 141

I 1086 BackFront 120 134

I 1186 BackFront 120 192

n 787 BackFront 80 23S

ID 91187 Middle 80 24S

ID 91487 Middle 120 244

AC bull American Colloid Volclay SG-0 BH bull Black Hi1ll BeDtonite Co MC-101 aranuJar

I

)

I ( I

I a-o 11 -zlbullco o-ett-t bull nlIlt bullbull arf~l

TABLE 2 -middot ~~middot~s bull A ISUMMARY OF LADORA TORY PERMEABILITY TESTS ACr

BY GOLDER ASSOCIATES o-bull1 ~~ n -c 0

a) Sample Moisture Dry aibull~

Data Location Sample Bentonite Content Densi~ Bentonite k I Set Date (stockpile) ID lbsf Type emsec

I 187 Middle 80 197 1010 BH 12Sx105

~~ I l87 Middle 80 232 97S BH 114x106 zm

~~ I l87 Middle 80 289 924 BH 169x106 ~~

~(ll

I 187 Middle 80 235 1030 BH S20xi07 == ~tJ

u 987 Middle 88 247 97S BH 169x106 ~= lllltJ ~Q

u 917 Middle 91 241 974 BH 96Sx107 g= 102xl06

~lt u 917 Middle 120 233 995 BH (IJ 1

m 917 Front 80 242 918 BH 107x106

m 917 Front 120 254 911 BH 220x1omiddot7

IV 917 Back A 80 244 994 BH 310x107

IV 987 Back A 120 241 998 BH 169xtomiddotbull

v 911 Back B 100 249 975 BH lOxl06

v 987 Back B 120 253 965 BH 1sx~omiddot7

v 917 Back B 140 252 967 BH llxl07

BH bull Black Hills BentooJte Co MC-101 aruuJar

TABLE 3

SUMMARY OF FIELD PERMEABnITY TESTS ON TEST PAD UND~EDSA~L~

UNSCREENED SCREENED

Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Sample k Moisture Dry Deity Sample k Moisture Dry Density

JD emsec contentCb lbsf JD emtee contentCb lbsft

HALEY cl ALDRICH INC

U-1 22X101 242 1004 NOT ANALYZED

U-6 60X107 244 953 NOT ANALYZED

U-12 2SX107 208 985 NOT ANALYZED

lSx107 GEOMETRIC MEAN

GOLDER ASSOCIA~

U-2 22X106 249 955 S-2 76Jt107 224 961

U-3 lOX106 223 991 S-3 6Sl10 7 227 916

u_ 40X107 245 984 S-4 lIX107 217 946

U-S 66X101 241 981 s-s 12XI07 bull 234 939

U-7 11XI06 221 991 S-7 8ax1omiddot7 2$8 943

U-1 12XI07 242 912 s-a 13XI07 222 1017

U-9 41Xl07 231 919 S-9 1$Xl06 223 910

U-10 39xto 7 260 917 5-10 17XI07 246 922

U-11 2SX107 234 993 5-11 31XI07 231 995

U-13 2SX106 2l5 979 S-13 34 somiddotbull 345 951

49xlo7 GEOMETJUC MEAN S4 101

COMBINED DATA

37x101 GEOMETRIC MEAN s4 aomiddot7

I I

~ I I

I I I I

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I I I I

middot Permeability tests2 on these washings were run at a percent Black Hills bentonite content and

varyina moisture contents and degrees of compaction Results (reference Data Set I Table 2)

indicated that maximum permeabilities of 1 x 107 were not obtainable with bullmiddlebull stockpile

washinas at the specifications of a percent bentonite 22 to 26 percent moisture content and 101

pcf dry density

Between Auaust 2S and September 2 19a7 Golder Associates directed a laboratory

permeability testina2 proaram to vary the bentonite content from 88 to 98 to 120 percent in

middlebull atockpile washinas Permeabillties (reference Data Set n Table 2) less than 1 x 107

emsec were not obtained at either 88 98 or 12 percent bentonite and 23 to 2S percent moisture

97 to 100 pc( dry density usina bullmiddtebull atoclcpile washiDp

Oil September 3 1987 split aamples of bullmiddlebull stockpile washlDp and Black Hills bentonite

were Mnt from Golder Associates to the Haley and Aldrich Inc laboratory in Cambridae

Muaacbusetts Permeability tests usina the split samples were run at the Haley and Aldrich Inc

laboratory at a aod 12 percent bentonite contents and at simllar moisture contents and dry densities

Results to be compared ue in Table 1 Data Set m and Table 2 Data Set D TheM results ahow a

areater than order of mqoitude difference in permeability test results between the two laboratories

(Haley and Aldrich Joe permeability results ue lower by approximately a factor of 006 than

Golder Aaociat results) A sliaht decfease in perm billty with bentonite content iDcreue is

exhibited ith bullmiddl bull stockpile wuhinp

deui

(ret

upon an ioterim cooclusion t bullmiddlebull stockpil wuhioJt would not provide 1 x a perm blUty t t1q proaram was conducted by Golder Associates on bullfront

aod on tbull tockplle inp Be n September 3 ~d 9 1987 four (~)

ruD on wuhio bentonite b1endJ all at llmilar moisture contents and dry

Dt fro a to 12 percent for both bullfront and bullbackbull hinp Results

bull Tab 2) iodi t that lc tockpU wuhiop ue auperior with

to obtalDlq a biUty bentonit I hiqs ble d aod upported th conclusion that

~ rior laquotUdd1 bull pil ill oot be lo tb

of a 12 pe in permeability lth

tJ laboratory io

HU n~ Dit Cobull

Between September 10 and 14 1987 a permeability testina proaram on bullbackbull stockpile

wuhinp wu conducted by Golder Associates A new sample of bullbackbull stockpile washings was

collected by Golder Associates for this program (The quantity of wuhinp remaining after Data

Set IV Table 2 testing wu insufficient) Three permeability tests were run at 10 12 and 14

percent bentonite contents and similar moisture contents and dry densities The permeability test

results (reference Data Set V Table 2) did not correlate with the permeability test results of Data

Set IV Table 2 (for example at 12 bentonite content an

difference between test results exists) Permeabilities less than 1 x

at either 10 12 or 14 percent bentonite

bentonite content does not follow the relationship indicated by all other data iD the testina program

usiDa bullrronr and bullbackbull stockpile wuhinp

Bued on test resultJ and due to a different fiDe content between -vo1clay SG-o- and Black I

Hills Toebe Chemical (supplier or Black Hills bentonite) recommended that Black Hills bentonite

fiDes also be used iD the test pad and cap to be constructed at Western Sand and Gravel

pad wu coostructed with a Black Hills aranular bentonite content or 11 percent plus a 12 percent

content of Black Hills bentonite fiDes

0o September 23 1987 I test Clll (compacted thickness

completed accordiDa to the foUowina specifications

bull Wuhinp source wu Forte Brothen Inc backbull stockpile

bull One halt or the test fill wu coostructed Ulina UDSCreened wuhinp iD the other hal( hinp screened tbrouah 14 inch screeos were used

bull Bentonite content wu plus 1211 rme bentonite product)

bull Moisture content wu contJOUed to 24 t211

0o $ep mber 24 1987 I

test ruJ and thirt n from the screened on) undisturbed sampl

submitted for perm bllity t tiq T oty or the sampl

to Golder ia 2 and six (three from h

All tina conducted by Woodward-Clyd

an Black Hills

p

approximate order of magnitude

107 emsec were not obtained

The decrease iD permeability obtained by iDcreuina

middot

The test

6bull+) of I wuhinp blend WU

1~ Bl ck Hills bentonite (11 araoular bentonite product

total Of twenty-Six (thirteen from the UDICreened section Of th

(Shelby hlbe) re taken and

(ten from b section) were submitted

on) were submitted to Hal y and Aldrich Inc

Coasultants bo tory io

bentonh (Black Hills Bentooll Co

6

I I II

for analysis The permeability results (reference Table 4) showed no significant difference between

unscreened and screened wuhinp Therefore the unscreened wuhinas were selected for use in the

final cap Comparison of the aeometric means of Golder Associates and Haley and Aldrich Inc

results shows Haley and Aldrich Inc to obtain lower permeabllities by a factor of 03

bull

=shy -zlobullo _1nbull Ibullbulln~lt bull bull

a~rrel -middot ~smiddot-=s SUMMARY OF LADORATORY PERMEABILITY TESTS -~middot1

0 middot I ~I0 -cO il a pound-1imiddot~

Moisture Dry I Content Densi~ Bentonite k

lbsf Type emsec

1084 AC SOxl07 ~~ zen

22x1omiddot7 iili 1040 AC ~e 1020 AC 16xl01 ~en

== 1036 AC 23x107 l-ie

~= 1037 AC 96x101 t== oa 973 AC 30x109 0=~lt

1073 AC 11x107 00 t

1079 AC 131107

1070 AC 24xtomiddotbull

1010 BH 131101

1022 BH 101107

1024 BH s9x101

I I I I

TABLE 1 ~

BY HALEY ct ALDRICH INC

Sample Data Location Sample Bentonite Set Date (stockpile) JD

I 886 BackFront S7 126

I 986 BackFront 80 188

I 1186 BackFront 80 234

I 1086 BackFront 100 127

I 1086 BackFront 100 192

I 1186 BackFront 100 2S8

I 1086 BackFront 120 141

I 1086 BackFront 120 134

I 1186 BackFront 120 192

n 787 BackFront 80 23S

ID 91187 Middle 80 24S

ID 91487 Middle 120 244

AC bull American Colloid Volclay SG-0 BH bull Black Hi1ll BeDtonite Co MC-101 aranuJar

I

)

I ( I

I a-o 11 -zlbullco o-ett-t bull nlIlt bullbull arf~l

TABLE 2 -middot ~~middot~s bull A ISUMMARY OF LADORA TORY PERMEABILITY TESTS ACr

BY GOLDER ASSOCIATES o-bull1 ~~ n -c 0

a) Sample Moisture Dry aibull~

Data Location Sample Bentonite Content Densi~ Bentonite k I Set Date (stockpile) ID lbsf Type emsec

I 187 Middle 80 197 1010 BH 12Sx105

~~ I l87 Middle 80 232 97S BH 114x106 zm

~~ I l87 Middle 80 289 924 BH 169x106 ~~

~(ll

I 187 Middle 80 235 1030 BH S20xi07 == ~tJ

u 987 Middle 88 247 97S BH 169x106 ~= lllltJ ~Q

u 917 Middle 91 241 974 BH 96Sx107 g= 102xl06

~lt u 917 Middle 120 233 995 BH (IJ 1

m 917 Front 80 242 918 BH 107x106

m 917 Front 120 254 911 BH 220x1omiddot7

IV 917 Back A 80 244 994 BH 310x107

IV 987 Back A 120 241 998 BH 169xtomiddotbull

v 911 Back B 100 249 975 BH lOxl06

v 987 Back B 120 253 965 BH 1sx~omiddot7

v 917 Back B 140 252 967 BH llxl07

BH bull Black Hills BentooJte Co MC-101 aruuJar

TABLE 3

SUMMARY OF FIELD PERMEABnITY TESTS ON TEST PAD UND~EDSA~L~

UNSCREENED SCREENED

Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Sample k Moisture Dry Deity Sample k Moisture Dry Density

JD emsec contentCb lbsf JD emtee contentCb lbsft

HALEY cl ALDRICH INC

U-1 22X101 242 1004 NOT ANALYZED

U-6 60X107 244 953 NOT ANALYZED

U-12 2SX107 208 985 NOT ANALYZED

lSx107 GEOMETRIC MEAN

GOLDER ASSOCIA~

U-2 22X106 249 955 S-2 76Jt107 224 961

U-3 lOX106 223 991 S-3 6Sl10 7 227 916

u_ 40X107 245 984 S-4 lIX107 217 946

U-S 66X101 241 981 s-s 12XI07 bull 234 939

U-7 11XI06 221 991 S-7 8ax1omiddot7 2$8 943

U-1 12XI07 242 912 s-a 13XI07 222 1017

U-9 41Xl07 231 919 S-9 1$Xl06 223 910

U-10 39xto 7 260 917 5-10 17XI07 246 922

U-11 2SX107 234 993 5-11 31XI07 231 995

U-13 2SX106 2l5 979 S-13 34 somiddotbull 345 951

49xlo7 GEOMETJUC MEAN S4 101

COMBINED DATA

37x101 GEOMETRIC MEAN s4 aomiddot7

I I

~ I I

I I I I

FIGURE 1

2

4

8

~~ 3~ ~M u~ loiCil ~gt 1-321x108

~11 M~ 011

e M(j) u g~2

0lt tIP-1~middot

tJ iii ~

~ D

12 16 20 2

ATER CONTENT PERCE

LEGE 0 PER ABJUTV VS WATER CO

O s mpl eoacalnlna $7 bentonit A s mptes coocainloa a beruooite 0 mpte cootllnio 10~ bentonite () s mpte conltinin I ~ benronice

llna by H ley 111d Aldr h 1 bull

-----------N

OTIC

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-----------NOTICE If the film

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--

1. barcode 556863
2. barcodetext SDMS Doc ID 556863

Between September 10 and 14 1987 a permeability testina proaram on bullbackbull stockpile

wuhinp wu conducted by Golder Associates A new sample of bullbackbull stockpile washings was

collected by Golder Associates for this program (The quantity of wuhinp remaining after Data

Set IV Table 2 testing wu insufficient) Three permeability tests were run at 10 12 and 14

percent bentonite contents and similar moisture contents and dry densities The permeability test

results (reference Data Set V Table 2) did not correlate with the permeability test results of Data

Set IV Table 2 (for example at 12 bentonite content an

difference between test results exists) Permeabilities less than 1 x

at either 10 12 or 14 percent bentonite

bentonite content does not follow the relationship indicated by all other data iD the testina program

usiDa bullrronr and bullbackbull stockpile wuhinp

Bued on test resultJ and due to a different fiDe content between -vo1clay SG-o- and Black I

Hills Toebe Chemical (supplier or Black Hills bentonite) recommended that Black Hills bentonite

fiDes also be used iD the test pad and cap to be constructed at Western Sand and Gravel

pad wu coostructed with a Black Hills aranular bentonite content or 11 percent plus a 12 percent

content of Black Hills bentonite fiDes

0o September 23 1987 I test Clll (compacted thickness

completed accordiDa to the foUowina specifications

bull Wuhinp source wu Forte Brothen Inc backbull stockpile

bull One halt or the test fill wu coostructed Ulina UDSCreened wuhinp iD the other hal( hinp screened tbrouah 14 inch screeos were used

bull Bentonite content wu plus 1211 rme bentonite product)

bull Moisture content wu contJOUed to 24 t211

0o $ep mber 24 1987 I

test ruJ and thirt n from the screened on) undisturbed sampl

submitted for perm bllity t tiq T oty or the sampl

to Golder ia 2 and six (three from h

All tina conducted by Woodward-Clyd

an Black Hills

p

approximate order of magnitude

107 emsec were not obtained

The decrease iD permeability obtained by iDcreuina

middot

The test

6bull+) of I wuhinp blend WU

1~ Bl ck Hills bentonite (11 araoular bentonite product

total Of twenty-Six (thirteen from the UDICreened section Of th

(Shelby hlbe) re taken and

(ten from b section) were submitted

on) were submitted to Hal y and Aldrich Inc

Coasultants bo tory io

bentonh (Black Hills Bentooll Co

6

I I II

for analysis The permeability results (reference Table 4) showed no significant difference between

unscreened and screened wuhinp Therefore the unscreened wuhinas were selected for use in the

final cap Comparison of the aeometric means of Golder Associates and Haley and Aldrich Inc

results shows Haley and Aldrich Inc to obtain lower permeabllities by a factor of 03

bull

=shy -zlobullo _1nbull Ibullbulln~lt bull bull

a~rrel -middot ~smiddot-=s SUMMARY OF LADORATORY PERMEABILITY TESTS -~middot1

0 middot I ~I0 -cO il a pound-1imiddot~

Moisture Dry I Content Densi~ Bentonite k

lbsf Type emsec

1084 AC SOxl07 ~~ zen

22x1omiddot7 iili 1040 AC ~e 1020 AC 16xl01 ~en

== 1036 AC 23x107 l-ie

~= 1037 AC 96x101 t== oa 973 AC 30x109 0=~lt

1073 AC 11x107 00 t

1079 AC 131107

1070 AC 24xtomiddotbull

1010 BH 131101

1022 BH 101107

1024 BH s9x101

I I I I

TABLE 1 ~

BY HALEY ct ALDRICH INC

Sample Data Location Sample Bentonite Set Date (stockpile) JD

I 886 BackFront S7 126

I 986 BackFront 80 188

I 1186 BackFront 80 234

I 1086 BackFront 100 127

I 1086 BackFront 100 192

I 1186 BackFront 100 2S8

I 1086 BackFront 120 141

I 1086 BackFront 120 134

I 1186 BackFront 120 192

n 787 BackFront 80 23S

ID 91187 Middle 80 24S

ID 91487 Middle 120 244

AC bull American Colloid Volclay SG-0 BH bull Black Hi1ll BeDtonite Co MC-101 aranuJar

I

)

I ( I

I a-o 11 -zlbullco o-ett-t bull nlIlt bullbull arf~l

TABLE 2 -middot ~~middot~s bull A ISUMMARY OF LADORA TORY PERMEABILITY TESTS ACr

BY GOLDER ASSOCIATES o-bull1 ~~ n -c 0

a) Sample Moisture Dry aibull~

Data Location Sample Bentonite Content Densi~ Bentonite k I Set Date (stockpile) ID lbsf Type emsec

I 187 Middle 80 197 1010 BH 12Sx105

~~ I l87 Middle 80 232 97S BH 114x106 zm

~~ I l87 Middle 80 289 924 BH 169x106 ~~

~(ll

I 187 Middle 80 235 1030 BH S20xi07 == ~tJ

u 987 Middle 88 247 97S BH 169x106 ~= lllltJ ~Q

u 917 Middle 91 241 974 BH 96Sx107 g= 102xl06

~lt u 917 Middle 120 233 995 BH (IJ 1

m 917 Front 80 242 918 BH 107x106

m 917 Front 120 254 911 BH 220x1omiddot7

IV 917 Back A 80 244 994 BH 310x107

IV 987 Back A 120 241 998 BH 169xtomiddotbull

v 911 Back B 100 249 975 BH lOxl06

v 987 Back B 120 253 965 BH 1sx~omiddot7

v 917 Back B 140 252 967 BH llxl07

BH bull Black Hills BentooJte Co MC-101 aruuJar

TABLE 3

SUMMARY OF FIELD PERMEABnITY TESTS ON TEST PAD UND~EDSA~L~

UNSCREENED SCREENED

Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Sample k Moisture Dry Deity Sample k Moisture Dry Density

JD emsec contentCb lbsf JD emtee contentCb lbsft

HALEY cl ALDRICH INC

U-1 22X101 242 1004 NOT ANALYZED

U-6 60X107 244 953 NOT ANALYZED

U-12 2SX107 208 985 NOT ANALYZED

lSx107 GEOMETRIC MEAN

GOLDER ASSOCIA~

U-2 22X106 249 955 S-2 76Jt107 224 961

U-3 lOX106 223 991 S-3 6Sl10 7 227 916

u_ 40X107 245 984 S-4 lIX107 217 946

U-S 66X101 241 981 s-s 12XI07 bull 234 939

U-7 11XI06 221 991 S-7 8ax1omiddot7 2$8 943

U-1 12XI07 242 912 s-a 13XI07 222 1017

U-9 41Xl07 231 919 S-9 1$Xl06 223 910

U-10 39xto 7 260 917 5-10 17XI07 246 922

U-11 2SX107 234 993 5-11 31XI07 231 995

U-13 2SX106 2l5 979 S-13 34 somiddotbull 345 951

49xlo7 GEOMETJUC MEAN S4 101

COMBINED DATA

37x101 GEOMETRIC MEAN s4 aomiddot7

I I

~ I I

I I I I

FIGURE 1

2

4

8

~~ 3~ ~M u~ loiCil ~gt 1-321x108

~11 M~ 011

e M(j) u g~2

0lt tIP-1~middot

tJ iii ~

~ D

12 16 20 2

ATER CONTENT PERCE

LEGE 0 PER ABJUTV VS WATER CO

O s mpl eoacalnlna $7 bentonit A s mptes coocainloa a beruooite 0 mpte cootllnio 10~ bentonite () s mpte conltinin I ~ benronice

llna by H ley 111d Aldr h 1 bull

-----------N

OTIC

E If the film Im

age Is less clear than th

is notice It Is due to

the quality o

f the document

belna filmed

N

i -~middot-~11111111111111~1111111111111~~~-~1111111111111111111111~ j t~ ~ ul

WE

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SA

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~~w~ A

JJJ8V

3lH

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-----------NOTICE If the film

Image

is less clear than this notice It Is due to the quality of the docum

ent belna film

ed

111 JIll U

IIIIIIUJJIIU

IUIII-IIIIIIIU

UIIIIIIIII- U

IIIIIIIIWIIIIIIIh

iiii_IIIIIIIIIH

II-I 111111111111111111111111111-IIIIIIIIIIIJ-

IJIJ IUllllllllttWHIIIIW

IIIIImm

lBII ~11111111111111~middot1111111111~amp-llllllllllllllllllllllllllliAIIIIIIIIIII =

8~ 0 G

WESTER

N

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--

1. barcode 556863
2. barcodetext SDMS Doc ID 556863

for analysis The permeability results (reference Table 4) showed no significant difference between

unscreened and screened wuhinp Therefore the unscreened wuhinas were selected for use in the

final cap Comparison of the aeometric means of Golder Associates and Haley and Aldrich Inc

results shows Haley and Aldrich Inc to obtain lower permeabllities by a factor of 03

bull

=shy -zlobullo _1nbull Ibullbulln~lt bull bull

a~rrel -middot ~smiddot-=s SUMMARY OF LADORATORY PERMEABILITY TESTS -~middot1

0 middot I ~I0 -cO il a pound-1imiddot~

Moisture Dry I Content Densi~ Bentonite k

lbsf Type emsec

1084 AC SOxl07 ~~ zen

22x1omiddot7 iili 1040 AC ~e 1020 AC 16xl01 ~en

== 1036 AC 23x107 l-ie

~= 1037 AC 96x101 t== oa 973 AC 30x109 0=~lt

1073 AC 11x107 00 t

1079 AC 131107

1070 AC 24xtomiddotbull

1010 BH 131101

1022 BH 101107

1024 BH s9x101

I I I I

TABLE 1 ~

BY HALEY ct ALDRICH INC

Sample Data Location Sample Bentonite Set Date (stockpile) JD

I 886 BackFront S7 126

I 986 BackFront 80 188

I 1186 BackFront 80 234

I 1086 BackFront 100 127

I 1086 BackFront 100 192

I 1186 BackFront 100 2S8

I 1086 BackFront 120 141

I 1086 BackFront 120 134

I 1186 BackFront 120 192

n 787 BackFront 80 23S

ID 91187 Middle 80 24S

ID 91487 Middle 120 244

AC bull American Colloid Volclay SG-0 BH bull Black Hi1ll BeDtonite Co MC-101 aranuJar

I

)

I ( I

I a-o 11 -zlbullco o-ett-t bull nlIlt bullbull arf~l

TABLE 2 -middot ~~middot~s bull A ISUMMARY OF LADORA TORY PERMEABILITY TESTS ACr

BY GOLDER ASSOCIATES o-bull1 ~~ n -c 0

a) Sample Moisture Dry aibull~

Data Location Sample Bentonite Content Densi~ Bentonite k I Set Date (stockpile) ID lbsf Type emsec

I 187 Middle 80 197 1010 BH 12Sx105

~~ I l87 Middle 80 232 97S BH 114x106 zm

~~ I l87 Middle 80 289 924 BH 169x106 ~~

~(ll

I 187 Middle 80 235 1030 BH S20xi07 == ~tJ

u 987 Middle 88 247 97S BH 169x106 ~= lllltJ ~Q

u 917 Middle 91 241 974 BH 96Sx107 g= 102xl06

~lt u 917 Middle 120 233 995 BH (IJ 1

m 917 Front 80 242 918 BH 107x106

m 917 Front 120 254 911 BH 220x1omiddot7

IV 917 Back A 80 244 994 BH 310x107

IV 987 Back A 120 241 998 BH 169xtomiddotbull

v 911 Back B 100 249 975 BH lOxl06

v 987 Back B 120 253 965 BH 1sx~omiddot7

v 917 Back B 140 252 967 BH llxl07

BH bull Black Hills BentooJte Co MC-101 aruuJar

TABLE 3

SUMMARY OF FIELD PERMEABnITY TESTS ON TEST PAD UND~EDSA~L~

UNSCREENED SCREENED

Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Sample k Moisture Dry Deity Sample k Moisture Dry Density

JD emsec contentCb lbsf JD emtee contentCb lbsft

HALEY cl ALDRICH INC

U-1 22X101 242 1004 NOT ANALYZED

U-6 60X107 244 953 NOT ANALYZED

U-12 2SX107 208 985 NOT ANALYZED

lSx107 GEOMETRIC MEAN

GOLDER ASSOCIA~

U-2 22X106 249 955 S-2 76Jt107 224 961

U-3 lOX106 223 991 S-3 6Sl10 7 227 916

u_ 40X107 245 984 S-4 lIX107 217 946

U-S 66X101 241 981 s-s 12XI07 bull 234 939

U-7 11XI06 221 991 S-7 8ax1omiddot7 2$8 943

U-1 12XI07 242 912 s-a 13XI07 222 1017

U-9 41Xl07 231 919 S-9 1$Xl06 223 910

U-10 39xto 7 260 917 5-10 17XI07 246 922

U-11 2SX107 234 993 5-11 31XI07 231 995

U-13 2SX106 2l5 979 S-13 34 somiddotbull 345 951

49xlo7 GEOMETJUC MEAN S4 101

COMBINED DATA

37x101 GEOMETRIC MEAN s4 aomiddot7

I I

~ I I

I I I I

FIGURE 1

2

4

8

~~ 3~ ~M u~ loiCil ~gt 1-321x108

~11 M~ 011

e M(j) u g~2

0lt tIP-1~middot

tJ iii ~

~ D

12 16 20 2

ATER CONTENT PERCE

LEGE 0 PER ABJUTV VS WATER CO

O s mpl eoacalnlna $7 bentonit A s mptes coocainloa a beruooite 0 mpte cootllnio 10~ bentonite () s mpte conltinin I ~ benronice

llna by H ley 111d Aldr h 1 bull

-----------N

OTIC

E If the film Im

age Is less clear than th

is notice It Is due to

the quality o

f the document

belna filmed

N

i -~middot-~11111111111111~1111111111111~~~-~1111111111111111111111~ j t~ ~ ul

WE

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-----------NOTICE If the film

Image

is less clear than this notice It Is due to the quality of the docum

ent belna film

ed

111 JIll U

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IUIII-IIIIIIIU

UIIIIIIIII- U

IIIIIIIIWIIIIIIIh

iiii_IIIIIIIIIH

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IJIJ IUllllllllttWHIIIIW

IIIIImm

lBII ~11111111111111~middot1111111111~amp-llllllllllllllllllllllllllliAIIIIIIIIIII =

8~ 0 G

WESTER

N

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--

1. barcode 556863
2. barcodetext SDMS Doc ID 556863

=shy -zlobullo _1nbull Ibullbulln~lt bull bull

a~rrel -middot ~smiddot-=s SUMMARY OF LADORATORY PERMEABILITY TESTS -~middot1

0 middot I ~I0 -cO il a pound-1imiddot~

Moisture Dry I Content Densi~ Bentonite k

lbsf Type emsec

1084 AC SOxl07 ~~ zen

22x1omiddot7 iili 1040 AC ~e 1020 AC 16xl01 ~en

== 1036 AC 23x107 l-ie

~= 1037 AC 96x101 t== oa 973 AC 30x109 0=~lt

1073 AC 11x107 00 t

1079 AC 131107

1070 AC 24xtomiddotbull

1010 BH 131101

1022 BH 101107

1024 BH s9x101

I I I I

TABLE 1 ~

BY HALEY ct ALDRICH INC

Sample Data Location Sample Bentonite Set Date (stockpile) JD

I 886 BackFront S7 126

I 986 BackFront 80 188

I 1186 BackFront 80 234

I 1086 BackFront 100 127

I 1086 BackFront 100 192

I 1186 BackFront 100 2S8

I 1086 BackFront 120 141

I 1086 BackFront 120 134

I 1186 BackFront 120 192

n 787 BackFront 80 23S

ID 91187 Middle 80 24S

ID 91487 Middle 120 244

AC bull American Colloid Volclay SG-0 BH bull Black Hi1ll BeDtonite Co MC-101 aranuJar

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TABLE 2 -middot ~~middot~s bull A ISUMMARY OF LADORA TORY PERMEABILITY TESTS ACr

BY GOLDER ASSOCIATES o-bull1 ~~ n -c 0

a) Sample Moisture Dry aibull~

Data Location Sample Bentonite Content Densi~ Bentonite k I Set Date (stockpile) ID lbsf Type emsec

I 187 Middle 80 197 1010 BH 12Sx105

~~ I l87 Middle 80 232 97S BH 114x106 zm

~~ I l87 Middle 80 289 924 BH 169x106 ~~

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I 187 Middle 80 235 1030 BH S20xi07 == ~tJ

u 987 Middle 88 247 97S BH 169x106 ~= lllltJ ~Q

u 917 Middle 91 241 974 BH 96Sx107 g= 102xl06

~lt u 917 Middle 120 233 995 BH (IJ 1

m 917 Front 80 242 918 BH 107x106

m 917 Front 120 254 911 BH 220x1omiddot7

IV 917 Back A 80 244 994 BH 310x107

IV 987 Back A 120 241 998 BH 169xtomiddotbull

v 911 Back B 100 249 975 BH lOxl06

v 987 Back B 120 253 965 BH 1sx~omiddot7

v 917 Back B 140 252 967 BH llxl07

BH bull Black Hills BentooJte Co MC-101 aruuJar

TABLE 3

SUMMARY OF FIELD PERMEABnITY TESTS ON TEST PAD UND~EDSA~L~

UNSCREENED SCREENED

Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Sample k Moisture Dry Deity Sample k Moisture Dry Density

JD emsec contentCb lbsf JD emtee contentCb lbsft

HALEY cl ALDRICH INC

U-1 22X101 242 1004 NOT ANALYZED

U-6 60X107 244 953 NOT ANALYZED

U-12 2SX107 208 985 NOT ANALYZED

lSx107 GEOMETRIC MEAN

GOLDER ASSOCIA~

U-2 22X106 249 955 S-2 76Jt107 224 961

U-3 lOX106 223 991 S-3 6Sl10 7 227 916

u_ 40X107 245 984 S-4 lIX107 217 946

U-S 66X101 241 981 s-s 12XI07 bull 234 939

U-7 11XI06 221 991 S-7 8ax1omiddot7 2$8 943

U-1 12XI07 242 912 s-a 13XI07 222 1017

U-9 41Xl07 231 919 S-9 1$Xl06 223 910

U-10 39xto 7 260 917 5-10 17XI07 246 922

U-11 2SX107 234 993 5-11 31XI07 231 995

U-13 2SX106 2l5 979 S-13 34 somiddotbull 345 951

49xlo7 GEOMETJUC MEAN S4 101

COMBINED DATA

37x101 GEOMETRIC MEAN s4 aomiddot7

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TABLE 2 -middot ~~middot~s bull A ISUMMARY OF LADORA TORY PERMEABILITY TESTS ACr

BY GOLDER ASSOCIATES o-bull1 ~~ n -c 0

a) Sample Moisture Dry aibull~

Data Location Sample Bentonite Content Densi~ Bentonite k I Set Date (stockpile) ID lbsf Type emsec

I 187 Middle 80 197 1010 BH 12Sx105

~~ I l87 Middle 80 232 97S BH 114x106 zm

~~ I l87 Middle 80 289 924 BH 169x106 ~~

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I 187 Middle 80 235 1030 BH S20xi07 == ~tJ

u 987 Middle 88 247 97S BH 169x106 ~= lllltJ ~Q

u 917 Middle 91 241 974 BH 96Sx107 g= 102xl06

~lt u 917 Middle 120 233 995 BH (IJ 1

m 917 Front 80 242 918 BH 107x106

m 917 Front 120 254 911 BH 220x1omiddot7

IV 917 Back A 80 244 994 BH 310x107

IV 987 Back A 120 241 998 BH 169xtomiddotbull

v 911 Back B 100 249 975 BH lOxl06

v 987 Back B 120 253 965 BH 1sx~omiddot7

v 917 Back B 140 252 967 BH llxl07

BH bull Black Hills BentooJte Co MC-101 aruuJar

TABLE 3

SUMMARY OF FIELD PERMEABnITY TESTS ON TEST PAD UND~EDSA~L~

UNSCREENED SCREENED

Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Sample k Moisture Dry Deity Sample k Moisture Dry Density

JD emsec contentCb lbsf JD emtee contentCb lbsft

HALEY cl ALDRICH INC

U-1 22X101 242 1004 NOT ANALYZED

U-6 60X107 244 953 NOT ANALYZED

U-12 2SX107 208 985 NOT ANALYZED

lSx107 GEOMETRIC MEAN

GOLDER ASSOCIA~

U-2 22X106 249 955 S-2 76Jt107 224 961

U-3 lOX106 223 991 S-3 6Sl10 7 227 916

u_ 40X107 245 984 S-4 lIX107 217 946

U-S 66X101 241 981 s-s 12XI07 bull 234 939

U-7 11XI06 221 991 S-7 8ax1omiddot7 2$8 943

U-1 12XI07 242 912 s-a 13XI07 222 1017

U-9 41Xl07 231 919 S-9 1$Xl06 223 910

U-10 39xto 7 260 917 5-10 17XI07 246 922

U-11 2SX107 234 993 5-11 31XI07 231 995

U-13 2SX106 2l5 979 S-13 34 somiddotbull 345 951

49xlo7 GEOMETJUC MEAN S4 101

COMBINED DATA

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TABLE 3

SUMMARY OF FIELD PERMEABnITY TESTS ON TEST PAD UND~EDSA~L~

UNSCREENED SCREENED

Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Sample k Moisture Dry Deity Sample k Moisture Dry Density

JD emsec contentCb lbsf JD emtee contentCb lbsft

HALEY cl ALDRICH INC

U-1 22X101 242 1004 NOT ANALYZED

U-6 60X107 244 953 NOT ANALYZED

U-12 2SX107 208 985 NOT ANALYZED

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GOLDER ASSOCIA~

U-2 22X106 249 955 S-2 76Jt107 224 961

U-3 lOX106 223 991 S-3 6Sl10 7 227 916

u_ 40X107 245 984 S-4 lIX107 217 946

U-S 66X101 241 981 s-s 12XI07 bull 234 939

U-7 11XI06 221 991 S-7 8ax1omiddot7 2$8 943

U-1 12XI07 242 912 s-a 13XI07 222 1017

U-9 41Xl07 231 919 S-9 1$Xl06 223 910

U-10 39xto 7 260 917 5-10 17XI07 246 922

U-11 2SX107 234 993 5-11 31XI07 231 995

U-13 2SX106 2l5 979 S-13 34 somiddotbull 345 951

49xlo7 GEOMETJUC MEAN S4 101

COMBINED DATA

37x101 GEOMETRIC MEAN s4 aomiddot7

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