According to attaching

region difference, the

peritoneum is divided into

the parietal peritoneum

and the visceral

peritoneum

Chapter 6 The Peritoneum

The peritoneum is situated in the abdominal cavity

and partly also in the pelvic cavity.

The parietal and visceral

layers of the peritoneum are in

actual contact; the potential

space between them is the

peritoneal cavity containing

nothing but a little lubricating

fluid.

The peritoneum, especially

the parietal peritoneum, has an

absorptive capacity.

Such as stomach, jejunu

m, ileum, cecum, vermifor

m appendix, transverse col

on, sigmoid colon, spleen, o

varies, uterine tubes and so

on.

I .The Relationship between Viscera and Peritoneum

The Intraperitoneal Viscera

The Interperitoneal Viscera

Liver, gallbladder, full urina

ry bladder, uterus, ascending a

nd descending colon are the or

gans of this group.

The Retroperitoneal Viscera

Such as the kidneys, ureters,

suprarenal glands, pancreas.

II. The Peritoneal Reflections

the mesentery

the transverse mesocolon

ligaments or folds

omenta

I) The Omentum and relative structures

1.The lesser omentum

It includes the hepatogastric ligament and the hep

atoduodenal ligament.

The two layers of the hepatoduodenal liga

ment enclose the proper hepatic artery, hepat

ic portal vein and common bile duct, a few ly

mph nodes and lymph vessels, and the hepati

c plexus of nerves.

2.The greater omentum

3.The Omental Bursa and The Omental (Epiploic) Foramen (foramen of Winslow)

3.The Omental Bursa and The Omental (Epiploic) Foramen (foramen of Winslow)

II. The mesenteries and mesocolons

1. The mesentery of the small intestine

a broad, fan-shaped

fold of peritoneum

the radix (root)

of mesentery

2.The mesoappendix

3.The transverse mesocolon

4.The sigmoid mesocolon

III.The Ligaments

1.The ligaments of the liver

2. The ligaments of the spleen

splenorenal lig.; gastrosplenic lig.

3.The ligaments of the stomach: gastrohepatic lig.; gas

trocolic lig., gastrosplenic lig.

IV .The Peritoneal Recesses

The hepatorenal recess is the lowest part in the

peritoneal cavity when the body lies supine, and sit

uated between the right lobe of the liver and the ri

ght kidney.

In the male, the rectovesical pouch is the lowes

t portion of the peritoneal cavity when standing u

p.

In the female, the rectouterine pouch is the low

est portion in the peritoneal cavity when standing

up.

the rectouterine pouch

the vesicouterine pouch

Review

1. What are the relationship between viscera and peritoneum? Please write down three examples separately.

2. What is the composition of the lesser omentum.

3. What is the main content of the hepatogastric ligament?

4. Where is the lowest portion of the peritoneal cavity when standing up and supine position in male and in female?