Periodic Table. States of Matter of Elements at Room Temperature blue = gases yellow = solids red =...
Transcript of Periodic Table. States of Matter of Elements at Room Temperature blue = gases yellow = solids red =...
Periodic TablePeriodic Table
States of Matter of Elements at Room Temperature
blue = gases
yellow = solids
red = liquids
Classification of Elements
blue = metals
red = metalloids
yellow = non metals
Group / Family Names
Chemical Symbols
• Symbols commonly missed:– A: Al, Ar, As, Au, Ag– B: Ba, Bi, B, Br, Be– C: C, Ca, Cd, Cl, Cr, Co, Cs, Cu.– M: Mg, Mn, Mo.– S: S, Sb, Si, Sr, Sn.– Latin: Fe, Au, Ag, Sb, Pb, Na, K, Hg, Cu.– German: W
Symbols and Name Origins for Some Elements
Name Symbol Origin
Sodium Na Natrium (Latin)
Potassium K Kallium (Latin
Antimony Sb Stibium (Latin)
Copper Cu Cuprum (Latin)
Gold Au Aurum (Latin)
Silver Ag Argentum (Latin)
Lead Pb Plumbum (Latin)
Iron Fe Ferrum (Latin)
Tin Sn Stannum (Latin)
Mercury Hg Hydrargyrum (Greek)
Tungsten W Wolfram (German)
Physical Properties of Metals
• Metals are:– Efficient conductors of heat and electricity.– Malleable (Can be hammered into thin sheets).– Ductile (Can be pulled into wires).– Lustrous (shiny). – Tend to lose electrons and form cations.
• Examples are: Na, Cu, Au, Ag, & Fe.
Metalloids
• Substances with the properties of both metals and nonmetals.
• Also called semimetals• Lie along the zigzag line between metals and
nonmetals• The seven metalloids are:
– B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, At.
Physical Properties of Nonmetals
• Nonmetals are:– Nonconductors of heat and electricity (insulators).– Not malleable, but are brittle.– Not ductile.– Dull and without a luster.– Tend to gain electrons to form anions.
• Examples are: H, He, N, O, S, & P.