Peter Zaitsev, CEO, Percona

Jon Tobin Sr System Engineer, Tokutek

January 28, 2015

Percona Technical Webinars

Percona and TokuDB: Architecture, Design, and Practical Benefits

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TokuDB – Fractal Foundations

Jon Tobin – Lead Sales Engineer @jontobs

Linkedin.com/in/JonathanETobin

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Company Overview

• Two high-performance database solutions for big

data

• NoSQL: TokuMX™ for MongoDB

• SQL: TokuDB®

for MySQL, Percona & MariaDB

• Radical new storage for larger-than-RAM datasets

• Fractal Tree® indexing technology

• Data science research at M.I.T., Rutgers, Stony

Brook

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B-tree Overview

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B-tree Insert

Pivot Rule >=

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B-tree Search

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What’s the Problem?

Performance is I/O limited when data is > RAM Each insert/update requires at least 1 I/O

plus an I/O for every extra index

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B-tree - Importance of I/O

15 hours VS 91 hours

AWS – Load 200M Rows – Predictable I/O Response VS Not

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Fractal Tree Indexes

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Fractal Tree Indexes

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Fractal – Sample Data

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Fractal - Insert

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Fractal – Message Injection

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TokuDB Benefits/Features

• Transactions (ACID & MVCC)

• Compression (low overhead)

– 3 libraries (quicklz, zlib, lzma)

• Hot Schema Change

– No table copy required (add, drop, exp)

• Clustered Secondary Index

• Read Free Replication

• Efficiency

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Summary

InnoDB TokuDB

Data Structure B-tree Fractal Tree

Transactions Yes Yes

Foreign Keys Yes No

Compression Yes* Yes

Clustered Indexes Primary Key Only Any

Hot Schema Change Yes* Yes

Strength In memory working set > Memory performance

Weakness Efficiency Point Queries*

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Up Next

Peter will show you the practical side

Peter Zaitsev, CEO, Percona

January 28, 2015 Percona Technical Webinars

Why TokuDB ?

www.percona.com 18

Why TokuDB ?

The Practical Reasons why I like

TokuDB

www.percona.com 19

What Practical ?

Percona has been running TokuDB in demanding production for 9 months

I personally invested a lot of time looking into it

www.percona.com 20

Long History

Percona has been working with Tokutek

since 2009

www.percona.com 21

TokuDB is Solid

Percona had done extensive QA with

TokuDB and Percona Server

TokuDB Engineering Team

very smart and responsive

The only Solid Transactional

Storage Engine for MySQL besides Innodb/XtraDB

www.percona.com 22

Close to Zero Tuning

Great Performance with no tuning, out of the box

Most important settings tuned to the Hardware Scale

Tune tokudb_commit_sync to match durability needs

www.percona.com 23

Compression Done Wrong

Innodb Compression

is an Afterthought

Dramatically complicates

the code

Performance impact even

if compression

not in use

High Performance Degradation when in use

www.percona.com 24

Compression done Right

TokuDB Compression part of initial design

Lower Performance Overhead

High Level of Compression

www.percona.com 25

Write Optimized

Insert data in large tables very fast

Even when have many indexes

Without need of Partitioning

www.percona.com 26

And Decent with Reads

Rather efficient Reads

Largest penalty for non-cached point selects

www.percona.com 27

Great for SSD

• Use SSDs for larger set of workloads

Less Space Usage through

compression

• Can use lower Endurance SSDs

Reduces Wear

www.percona.com 28

SSD Space is Expensive

•$3+ per GB High Quality PCI-E MLC

SSD

•$0.50+ per GB Entry Level SATA SSD

www.percona.com 29

Endurance is Expensive

•6.1 TBW/$ Intel P3700 400GB -

7.3 PBW at $1200

•2.75 TBW/$ Intel P3600 400GB -

2.2 PBW at $800

www.percona.com 30

Mix Reads/Writes

Innodb suffers badly when long running queries are mixed with heavy writes

TokuDB handles such workloads very well

Makes it very good for running real-time analytics

www.percona.com 31

MVCC

Different implementation from Innodb

No Undo Space and Purge Threads

The cleanup done as part of normal operations

Compressed Fractal Trees handle many old versions well

www.percona.com 32

Fragmentation

Fractal Trees performance does not degrade as much with use

The “Optimization” is a part of normal operations

www.percona.com 33

Lets Take a look at

Some Graphs!

www.percona.com 34

1B Insert Test

www.percona.com 35

Compression

www.percona.com 36

Load Speed

www.percona.com 37

Wear

www.percona.com 38

Beyond Inserts

www.percona.com 39

Sysbench Updates

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

InnodbUncompressed

Innnodb 8K TokuDBUncompressed

TokuDB zlib

Updates/Sec

Updates/Sec

www.percona.com 40

Full Table Scan (10m rows)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

InnodbUncompressed

Innnodb 8K TokuDBUncompressed

TokuDB zlib

Full Table Scan (sec)

Full Table Scan (sec)

www.percona.com 41

Table Size on Disk

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

InnodbUncompressed

Innodb 8K TokuDBUncompressed

TokuDB zlib

Table Size (GB)

Table Size (GB)

www.percona.com 42

TokuDB vs Innodb

Innodb is Great Storage Engine !

Facebook, Twitter, Google have proven it in scale

A lot of experience operating and tuning Innodb

Innodb is good default choice

Explore if TokuDB benefits your application rather than do blind migration

www.percona.com 43

Explore TokuDB

Performance at Scale

Efficiency Cost

www.percona.com 44

Resources

• Download Percona Server 5.6 with support for TokuDB

• Review the TokuDB installation web page

• Read the Tokutek blog or visit the Tokutek resources page

To learn more about

Percona Server 5.6

with the Tokutek

database storage engine:

www.percona.com 45

How Percona Can Help

• Visit http://www.percona.com/services/mysql-support/tokudb-support

• Call us at 1-888-316-9775 or +1-208-473-2904

Percona offers

MySQL Support and Consulting services for

users deploying TokuDB

www.percona.com 46

Wanted: Speaker Proposals for Birds of a

Feather Sessions and Lightning Talks

Early Bird Pricing Ends February 1st

http://www.percona.com/live/mysql-conference-2015/

www.percona.com 47 www.percona.com

Peter Zaitsev

pz@percona.com

@PeterZaitsev

https://www.linkedin.com/in/peterzaitsev

Thank You!