Sense Perception Visual Illusions Selectivity of Perception.
PERCEPTION!
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PERCEPTION!
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Our Essential Questions
How does perception influence our perspectives?
What is the Gestalt perspective?What are the various types of
perceptions we have?
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Perception
The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensation
Sensation is the stimulation, perception is the interpretation
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What do you think this mental integration, organization and interpretation is influenced by?
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Perceptions influenced by: ----Motivation----Values----Expectations----Experience----Culture----Cognitive Style----Personality
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Perceptual ConstancyWe perceive objects as
unchanging despite changes in retinal imagecolor/ brightnessshape size
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The door changes shape, but you know that it doesn’t really change
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Visual capture
tendency for vision to dominate the other senses
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Gestalt Psychology“unified whole”Whole>sum of its partsIf we break experiences into their
basic parts, something important is lost
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What do you see here?
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What do you see here?
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cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The
phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid, aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr
the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and
you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm.Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not
raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh? yaeh and I awlyas
tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!
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Gsaeltt pysolgchoy epxanlis why taetlned eodtirs msis ebmarsasrnig tpyos. Our mnid prerefs "ctrorecing" waht we altclauy see.
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• Dyslexia: inability to revisualize the gestalt of the word•Is this a problem with sensation or perception?
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Can you remember?
836492059
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How’d you do?
836492059
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Groupingtendency to organize stimuli into
groupsAka “chunking”Patterns, shapes, forms
How many #s can we remember?
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So how do we group?SimilarityProximityContinuityClosure
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Grouping - Similarity
The tendency to place items that look similar into a group
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Grouping - ProximityThe tendency to
place objects that are physically close to each other in a group
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Grouping - Continuity
The tendency to follow a line and continue along the simplest, smoothest path
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Grouping - Closure
The tendency to fill in gaps in a perceptual field
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Perceptual Set
a bias or readiness to perceive certain aspects of available sensory data and to ignore others
Stereotypes?
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Depth Perception
ability to see objects in 3Dallows us to judge distance
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Let’s try it!Binocular vs. monocular…which one’s
better?With both eyes open, touch your index
fingers together in front of your face.Now close one eye and try.Try at different distances.
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Depth Perception: Binocular Depth Cues
Module 10: Perception
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Depth Perception – Binocular CuesRetinal disparity: differences
between 2 images of 1 scenemost effective when the item is
quite close to the person
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Depth Perception – Binocular CuesConvergence: 2 eyes focusing
on the same object creates tensionThe more tension, the closer the
objectWorks best at close distances
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Depth Perception: Monocular Depth Cues
Module 10: Perception
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Depth Perception - Monocular CuesRelative size: Using the perceived
size of a familiar object to determine depth
The larger the object appears, the closer the object is to the viewer
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Depth Perception - Monocular CuesRelative motion: when moving, we
can determine depth by focusing on a distant object
Aka motion parallax http://psych.hanover.edu/krantz/motionparallax/motionparallax.html
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Relative Motion
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Depth Perception – Monocular CuesFigure-ground: tendency to organize
stimuli into objects (the figures) that stand out from their surrounding (the ground)figure = object (s) that draws one’s
attentionground = background
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What is the figure, and what is the background here?
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Depth Perception – Monocular CuesInterposition/Overlap: closer object
blocks distant object
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Depth Perception – Monocular CuesRelative clarity: distant objects are
less clear than nearby objectsTexture gradient: distant objects have
a smoother texture than nearby objects
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Depth Perception – Monocular CuesRelative height: distant objects
appear higher in your field of vision than do closer objects
Linear perspective: parallel lines appear to converge in the distancehorizon
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Let’s Wrap Up
Explain the following: “Everyday experience is not a literal transcript of the world, but an ongoing process of construction by the mind.”
How does perception influence our perspectives?
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images that differ from objective reality
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IllusionsStroboscopic motion: timed flashing
lights that gives the illusion of movement
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