Pennsylvania School Library Study Findings and Recommendations

7/31/2019 Pennsylvania School Library Study Findings and Recommendations

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PDOOR]E^GOMG R\G\D FKGVL KN DLTBG\MKO

Pdoor}e~gomg Rbjkke

Emfvgv} R|tl}Nmolmohr gol Vdbkccdolg|mkor

Bkoltb|dl Ptvrtgo| |k Jktrd Vdrket|mko =:8 kn 6070

Rdp|dcfdv 6077


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R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mkoGl Jkb Bkccm||dd ko Rbjkke Emfvgvmdr

Ckeemd Pjmeempr% Bjgmv% Gl Jkb Bkccm||ddEgvv} Xm||mh% Bjgmvcgo% R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mkoBkoomd Lg~mr% Cdcfdv% R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mko

Agvdo Ngvcdv Xjm|d% Cdcfdv% R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mko


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Pdoor}e~gomg Rbjkke Emfvgv} R|tl}9Nmolmohr gol Vdbkccdolg|mkor

\gfed kn Bko|do|r

Dzdbt|m~d Rtccgv} /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 7

Mo|vkltb|mko ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 8

Jktrd Vdrket|mko =:8 kn 6070 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// :

Rbjkke Emfvgv} Rtv~d}///=

Goge}rmr kn Rtv~d} Vdrpkordr//72

Rdb|mko Kod9 Bdo|vgemydl Rbjkke Emfvgv} Bkeedb|mko ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 72

Rdb|mkor \xk9 Bdv|mnmbg|mko kn Pvkndrrmkoge R|gnnmoh gol Emfvgv} . Rdb|mko Omod9Emfvgv} Rdv~mbdr . Pvkhvgcr ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 7$ kn bjgv|dv rbjkker% gol 7 rbjkker pgv|mbmpg|moh mo |jd rtv~d}% 6%0>: rbjkker *=$- lk ok|jg~d g rbjkke emfvgv}/ Kn |jd 76: rbjkker xm|j ok emfvgv}% 702 kn |jdrd rbjkker gvd mo kodlmr|vmb||jd Rbjkke Lmr|vmb| kn Pjmegldepjmg/ \jd cgikvm|} kn |jd 76: rbjkker xm|j ok emfvgv}xm|jmo |jd rbjkke bekrdl |jdmv emfvgvmdr |jvdd |k nm~d kv ckvd }dgvr ghk% bm|moh gr vdgrkor |jdoddl nkv |jd emfvgv} rpgbd |k fd trdl nkv k|jdv ptvpkrdr gol r|gnnmoh gol ftlhd| bt|r/

Rdb|mko \xk9 Bdv|mnmbg|mko kn Pvkndrrmkoge R|gnnmoh . Rdb|mko Omod9 Emfvgv} Rdv~mbdr golPvkhvgcrOtcfdv kn Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 Bdv|mnmdl Emfvgvmgor *Wtdr|mkor 4 . :-

Rdb|mko \xk kn |jd rtv~d} nkbtrdl ko |jd r|gnnmoh kn |jd rbjkke emfvgv} mo |jd 6070#6077 rbjkke}dgv/ Geckr| d~dv} rbjkke xm|j g emfvgv} mo |jmr rtv~d} *=4$- jgr |jd rdv~mbdr kn g Emfvgv}Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl rbjkke emfvgvmgo/ Kn |jd 6%0>: rbjkker xm|j emfvgvmdr mo |jd rtv~d}% :=$kn |jd emfvgvmdr gvd r|gnndl f} kod Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgo1 >$ gvd r|gnndl f} |xkEmfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgor% gol koe} omod gvd r|gnndl f} |jvdd Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgor% xjk gvd% xm|j kod dzbdp|mko% ok| gee ntee#|mcd/ Mo ::$ kn emfvgvmdr%pvkndrrmkoge r|gnnmoh jgr vdcgmodl bkor|go| k~dv |jd pgr| |jvdd }dgvr1 koe} =$ molmbg|dl gldbvdgrd mo r|gnnmoh k~dv |jd pgr| |jvdd }dgvr/


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2

Kn |jd 6%0>: rbjkker% 4$ lk ok| jg~d g Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgo r|gnnmoh |jdemfvgv}1 dmhj| kn |jdrd rbjkker gvd bjgv|dv rbjkker% kod kn xjmbj jgr ok emfvgv}/ \jvdd kn |jdrbjkker gvd cmlled rbjkker% kod xm|j ok emfvgv}/ Kn |jd vdcgmomoh rbjkker% 67 gvd mo |jdRbjkke Lmr|vmb| kn Pjmegldepjmg% gol 77 gvd mo |jd Rbjkke Lmr|vmb| kn Dvmd/ \jd cgikvm|} knrbjkker xm|j ok Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgo rdv~moh gr |jd rbjkke emfvgvmgo gvddedcdo|gv} rbjkker/

Jktvr Pdv Xdda Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 Bdv|mnmdl Emfvgvmgor Xkva *Wtdr|mko >-G| edgr|


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Rdb|mko Dmhj|9 Ghd kn \dbjokekhmbge Dwtmpcdo| *Wtdr|mkor 24#28-Otcfdv kn Bkcpt|dvr Jktrdl mo Emfvgv} Ptvbjgrdl+Edgrdl rmobd 6004#600> .Ptvbjgrdl+Edgrdl fdnkvd 600


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8

Mo|vkltb|mko

\jd cmrrmko kn |jd rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgc mr |k dortvd |jg| r|tldo|r gol r|gnn gvd dnndb|m~d trdvr knmldgr gol monkvcg|mko/ \jd rbjkke emfvgvmgo dcpkxdvr r|tldo|r |k fd bvm|mbge |jmoadvr% do|jtrmgr|mbvdgldvr% rameente vdrdgvbjdvr gol d|jmbge trdvr kn monkvcg|mko/ *Dcpkxdvmoh Edgvodvr% 600=% p/ :-

\jd R|g|tr kn Rbjkke Emfvgvmdr mo Pdoor}e~gomgMo 7===% |jd Knnmbd kn Bkcckoxdge|j Emfvgvmdr kn |jd Pdoor}e~gomg Ldpgv|cdo| knDltbg|mko mo pgv|odvrjmp xm|j |jd Pdoor}e~gomg Bm|mydor nkv Fd||dv Emfvgvmdr vdbdm~dl ghvgo| |jvkthj |jd Emfvgv} Rdv~mbdr gol \dbjokekh} Gb| *ER\G- ntoldl f} |jd T/R/Ldpgv|cdo| kn Dltbg|mko nkv g r|tl} kn |jd mcpgb| kn rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgcr golmonkvcg|mko em|dvgb} mo Pdoor}e~gomg rbjkker/ \jmr r|tl} kn gol =-

G rbjkker PRRG Vdglmoh |dr| rbkvdr |doldl |k mcpvk~d f} 70 |k 74 pkmo|r jmhjdv fgrdl ko geecgzmcmydl emfvgv} pvdlmb|kvr *d/h/% r|gnnmoh% emfvgv} dzpdolm|tvdr% monkvcg|mko vdrktvbdr gol

|dbjokekh} gol monkvcg|mko em|dvgb} gb|m~m|mdr kn emfvgv} r|gnn-/ *PG Egobd R|tl}% 6000% p/ :-

\jd r|tlmdr bkoltb|dl mo 66 r|g|dr f} Egobd gol k|jdvr pvk~mld |jd bedgvdr| d~mldobdfgrdl ko dcpmvmbge vdrdgvbj |jg| go dnndb|m~d emfvgv} pvkhvgc r|gnndl f} g pvkndrrmkogerbjkke emfvgvmgo xm|j pgvgpvkndrrmkoge rtppkv| geekxmoh |jd emfvgvmgo |k bkeegfkvg|d xm|j|dgbjdvr |k jdep r|tldo|r edgvo vdrte|r mo jmhjdv rbkvdr ko r|golgvlmydl vdglmoh |dr|r/

Fdhmoomoh mo |jd cml#7=:0r% Pdoor}e~gomg gbjmd~dl g og|mkoge vdpt|g|mko nkv m|r rbjkkeemfvgv} pvkhvgcr fgrdl ko |jd mook~g|m~d gol dnndb|m~d edgldvrjmp pvk~mldl f} |jd Lm~mrmkokn Rbjkke Emfvgv} Cdlmg Rdv~mbdr kn |jd Knnmbd kn Bkcckoxdge|j Emfvgvmdr mo |jdPdoor}e~gomg Ldpgv|cdo| kn Dltbg|mko *PLD-/ Gbbdrr PG gol PKXDV Emfvgv}

*Pdoor}e~gomg Koemod Xkvel kn Dedb|vkomb Vdrktvbdr- gvd xmlde} glcmvdl cklder nkv k|jdvr|g|dr |k dcteg|d/ Gbbdrr PG% xjmbj fdhgo mo 7=:4% mr g tomko bg|gekh kn 66! cmeemkovdrktvbdr mo rbjkke% ptfemb% gbgldcmb gol rpdbmge emfvgvmdr gbvkrr |jd r|g|d gol mr |jdcdbjgomrc f} xjmbj |jdrd vdrktvbdr bgo fd rjgvdl gckoh |jd 6%==7 cdcfdv emfvgvmdr/\klg} dgbj kn |jd 400 Pdoor}e~gomg rbjkke lmr|vmb|r gol 6%7=2 rbjkker mo |jdrd lmr|vmb|rpgv|mbmpg|d mo Gbbdrr PG gekoh xm|j 8:4 ptfemb% rpdbmge gol gbgldcmb emfvgvmdr/ \jdPKXDV Emfvgv} pvk~mldr gbbdrr |k lg|gfgrdr |jg| pvk~mld |jktrgolr kn ntee#|dz| pdvmklmbgegv|mbedr% odxrpgpdvr% gol dFkkar% mo gllm|mko |k gbbdrr |k pjk|khvgpjr% pmb|tvdr% cgprgol vdndvdobd cg|dvmger/


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\jd Lm~mrmko kn Rbjkke Emfvgv} Cdlmg Rdv~mbdr kn |jd Knnmbd kn Bkcckoxdge|j Emfvgvmdrpvk~mldl rbjkke emfvgvmgor xm|j bko|motktr pvkndrrmkoge ld~dekpcdo| |jvkthj m|r jdepnteptfembg|mkor gol dz|dorm~d xkvarjkp knndvmohr gol vdhtegv Gbbdrr PG cdd|mohr jdel mo geegvdgr kn |jd r|g|d/ \jdrd xkvarjkpr gol ptfembg|mkor jdepdl rbjkke emfvgvmgor ld~dekp gomonkvcg|mko em|dvgb} btvvmbtetc nkv |jdmv kxo rbjkke lmr|vmb|r gol pkxdvnte emfvgv} bkeedb|mkor|k rtppkv| r|tldo|r mo gbjmd~moh gbgldcmb r|golgvlr/ Ftmelmoh ko |jd nmolmohr kn |jd 6000

Pdoor}e~gomg Egobd R|tl} kn Pdoor}e~gomg rbjkke emfvgvmdr% mo 6004 |jd Lm~mrmko ptfemrjdlHtmldemodr nkv Pdoor}e~gomg Rbjkke Emfvgv} Pvkhvgcr |k jdep rbjkke emfvgvmgor golldbmrmko cgadvr mo rbjkke lmr|vmb|r toldvr|gol xjg| vdrktvbdr gol rdv~mbdr gvd odbdrrgv}|k pvk~mld g wtgem|} rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgc mo dgbj rbjkke rk |jg| r|tldo|r bgo gbjmd~dgbgldcmb rtbbdrr/ \k gbbkccklg|d |jd vgpml gl~gobdr mo dltbg|mkoge |dbjokekh} goldedb|vkomb vdrktvbdr% |jd Htmldemodrxdvd vd~mrdl mo 6077/

Gee r|tldo|r gol |dgbjdvr mo rbjkke lmr|vmb|r gbvkrr Pdoor}e~gomg fdodnm|dl nvkc |jdrddnnkv|r |k dwtgemyd |jd vdrktvbdr gee rbjkke lmr|vmb|r bktel knndv |jdmv r|tldo|r gol |dgbjdvr/Gbbdrr PG gol PKXDV Emfvgv} pvk~mldl gbbdrr |k vdrktvbdrfk|j pvmo| gol dedb|vkombfd}kol xjg| go} kod lmr|vmb| bktel pvk~mld |k m|r r|tldo|r/ Mo Igotgv} 6070% |jd ftlhd| nkv

Gbbdrr PG gol PKXDV Emfvgv} xgr vdltbdl nvkc ,8/= cmeemko |k ,2 cmeemko% gol |jdotcfdv kn dedb|vkomb lg|gfgrdr jgl |k fd vdltbdl gbbkvlmohe}/ \jd Lm~mrmko kn RbjkkeEmfvgv} Cdlmg Rdv~mbdr dr|mcg|dl |jg| dgbj lmr|vmb| xktel jg~d |k geekbg|d g| edgr| ,24%000g }dgv |k gbjmd~d |jd rgcd ed~de kn gbbdrr |k dedb|vkomb vdrktvbdr |jg| PKXDV Emfvgv}pvk~mldl fdnkvd |jd 6070 ftlhd| vdltb|mko/

Jktrd Vdrket|mko =:8 kn 6070

Ko Kb|kfdv 4% 6070% |jd Pdoor}e~gomg Jktrd kn Vdpvdrdo|g|m~dr togomcktre} glkp|dlJktrd Vdrket|mko =:8% xjmbj dobktvghdl |jd R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mko |k toldv|gad gwtgo|m|g|m~d r|tl} kn |jd r|g|d kn rbjkke emfvgvmdr mo Pdoor}e~gomg/ *Rdd Gppdolmz G nkv |jdntee |dz| kn |jd Vdrket|mko/- \jd Vdrket|mko bjgvhdl |jd R|g|d Fkgvl |k bkoltb| g r|tl} kn|jd rbjkke emfvgv} vdrktvbdr gol rdv~mbdr nkv r|tldo|r mo amoldvhgv|do |jvkthj hvgld 76%cdgrtvmoh gol bkcpgvmoh ntolmoh% ngbmem|mdr% gbbdrr |k pvmo| gol dedb|vkomb vdrktvbdr%pvkndrrmkoge rtppkv| gol mor|vtb|mko mo |jd trd kn monkvcg|mko gol vdrdgvbj gckoh |jdBkcckoxdge|jr ptfemb rbjkke lmr|vmb|r gol d~getg|moh jkx ntolmoh gol vdrktvbdr gvdgeekbg|dl nkv rbjkke emfvgv} rdv~mbdr mo vdeg|mko |k r|tldo| gol bkcctom|} bmvbtcr|gobdr/

\jd Vdrket|mko tvhdl |jd R|g|d Fkgvl |k mobetld go goge}rmr kn |jd nkeekxmoh dedcdo|r%cdgrtvdl gol wtgo|mnmdl% xjdvd pkrrmfed% f} r|tldo|% rbjkke lmr|vmb| gol r|g|dxmld9

7/ \jd otcfdv kn ptfemb rbjkker xm|jkt| g bdo|vgemydl rbjkke emfvgv} bkeedb|mko mo |jdftmelmoh toldv |jd glcmomr|vg|mko kn g bdv|mnmdl rbjkke emfvgvmgo grrmhodl ntee#|mcd |k|jg| ftmelmoh1

6/ \jd vg|mk kn bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgor |k r|tldo|r12/ \jd grrmhocdo| kn k|jdv rtppkv| r|gnnr |k xkva mo rbjkke emfvgvmdr% |jd otcfdv kn

rtbj k|jdv r|gnnr gol |jdmv wtgemnmbg|mkor1


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=

>/ \jd g~dvghd ghd gol bkolm|mko kn fkkar gol |dbjokekh} mo rbjkke emfvgvmdr18/ \jd gckto| kn ntolmoh nvkc gee rktvbdr fdmoh rpdo| gootgee} k~dv |jd pgr| |do

}dgvr nkv rbjkke emfvgv} vdrktvbdr gol rdv~mbdr1:/ \jd g~gmegfmem|} kn tp#|k#lg|d% ntob|mkoge% Mo|dvod|#bkoodb|dl bkcpt|dvr nkv r|tldo|

trd mo rbjkke emfvgvmdr=/ \jd amolr kn k|jdv emfvgv} rdv~mbdr gol pvkhvgcr pvk~mldl f} rbjkke emfvgvmdr |k

rtppkv| r|tldo|r gol |dgbjdvr170/ Gllm|mkoge grpdb|r kn rbjkke emfvgvmdr vdeg|dl |k |jd k~dvgee ptvpkrd kn |jmr r|tl}/

Jktrd Vdrket|mko =:8 gerk bjgvhdl |jd R|g|d Fkgvl |k cgad vdbkccdolg|mkor odbdrrgv}kv ldrmvgfed |k9

7/ Mcpvk~d gol tplg|d ptfemb rbjkke emfvgv} vdrktvbdr% rdv~mbdr gol ngbmem|mdr nkv geer|tldo|r mo |jmr Bkcckoxdge|j% mobetlmoh vdbkccdolg|mkor nkv gppvkpvmg|d ed~derkn vdrktvbdr% r|gnnmoh gol jktvr kn gbbdrr1

6/ Pvk~mld gee r|tldo|r xm|j |jd rbjkke emfvgv} vdrktvbdr% ngbmem|mdr% pvkhvgc gol

mor|vtb|mko |k dogfed |jdc |k fdbkcd rtbbdrrnte vdgldvr% edgvodvr% vdrdgvbjdvr golbkortcdvr gol pvkltbdvr kn monkvcg|mko1 gol

2/ Gllvdrr rbjkke emfvgv} modwtm|mdr kv mortnnmbmdobmdr gnndb|moh lmrgl~go|ghdl r|tldo|rgol bkcctom|mdr/

Jktrd Vdrket|mko =:8 gerk tvhdl |jd R|g|d Fkgvl |k bkoltb| g| edgr| |jvdd ptfembvktol|gfedr |k vdbdm~d mopt| ko g lvgn| kn |jd r|tl} gol m|r vdbkccdolg|mkor/ \k rkembm|ptfemb bkccdo|r gfkt| |jd lvgn| r|tl}% |jd R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mkor Gl Jkb Bkccm||ddko Rbjkke Emfvgvmdr bkoltb|dl |jvdd vktol|gfed cdd|mohr gvktol |jd r|g|d nkv ptfembbkccdo| gol lmrbtrrmko9 Rdp|dcfdv 72% 6077% g| Pgvaegol Jmhj Rbjkke mo Geedo|kxo1

Rdp|dcfdv 74% 6077 g| Rtrwtdjgoog \kxorjmp Jmhj Rbjkke mo Jgvvmrftvh1 golRdp|dcfdv 60% 6077% g| Okv|jxdr| Pdoor}e~gomg Bkeedhmg|d Gbgldc} mo Dvmd/ Dgbjcdd|moh xgr xdee#g||doldl gol |jkrd g||dolmoh bkccdo|dl monkvcgee} gol pgv|mbmpg|dl modz|dorm~d lmrbtrrmko/ Pgv|mbmpgo|r dzpvdrrdl r|vkoh rtppkv| nkv rbjkke emfvgvmdr gol% mohdodvge% rtppkv|dl |jd nmolmohr gol |jd lvgn| vdbkccdolg|mkor kn |jmr r|tl}/ G bkp} kn |jdlvgn| vdpkv| gol nddlfgba nvkc |jd |jvdd ptfemb vktol|gfed cdd|mohr gerk xgr pvdrdo|dl |k|jd ntee R|g|d Fkgvl g| m|r cdd|moh ko Rdp|dcfdv 67 mo Dvmd/

Rbjkke Emfvgv} Rtv~d}

\}pdr kn Ptfembe} Ntoldl Rbjkker R|tlmdl\k bkcpe} xm|j |jd vdrket|mko% |jvdd |}pdr kn ptfembe} ntoldl rbjkker xdvd mobetldl mo |jdr|tl}9

7/ Rbjkke Lmr|vmb|r\jdvd gvd 400 ptfemb rbjkke lmr|vmb|r mo Pdoor}e~gomg% gol 6%=80 rbjkker mo |jdrd400 lmr|vmb|r/ Kn |jd 400 rbjkke lmr|vmb|r% 2:= lmr|vmb|r *8:$- pgv|mbmpg|dl mo |jdrtv~d}/ Kn |jd 6%=80 rbjkker mo |jd 400 lmr|vmb|r% 6%7:0 *82$- pgv|mbmpg|dl mo |jdrtv~d}/


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6/ Bjgv|dv RbjkkerPdoor}e~gomg jgr 7N8NEBE1 rm|d ok ekohdv gb|m~d-/Ko Cgvbj 6=% 6077% |jd emoa |k |jd rtv~d} xgr rdo| |k bjmdn rbjkke glcmomr|vg|kvr mo |jd400 rbjkke lmr|vmb|r% |jd 7 nkvbkcctombg|mko gckoh PLD% Ekbge Dltbg|mko Ghdobmdr *EDGr-% rbjkke lmr|vmb|r% bjgv|dv

rbjkker% bgvddv gol |dbjombge bdo|dvr gol Mo|dvcdlmg|d Tom|r *MTr-/ Dgbj bjmdnglcmomr|vg|kv ld|dvcmodl xjk xktel bkeedb| |jd vdwtdr|dl monkvcg|mko gol xjk xktelbkcped|d |jd rtv~d}/ Mo |jd PDOO)EMOA cdrrghd rdo| xm|j |jd rtv~d} emoa% |jd R|g|dFkgvl gol PLD vdwtdr|dl |jg| dgbj bjmdn glcmomr|vg|kv vd~mdx |jd nmoge rtv~d} vdrpkordr|k ~dvmn} bkvvdb|odrr fdnkvd rtfcmrrmko/ Rbjkke emfvgvmgor bkcped|dl =0$ kn |jdvdrpkordr rtfcm||dl1 pvmobmpger% bdo|vge glcmomr|vg|kvr gol ftmelmoh gol bdo|vge r|gnnbkcped|dl |jd vdcgmomoh rtv~d}r/


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Gbbtvgb} kn Rtv~d} VdrpkordrLtvmoh |jd pdvmkl |jd rtv~d} xgr g~gmegfed nkv bkcped|mko% rkcd vdrpkoldo|r vdwtdr|dlbegvmnmbg|mko nvkc PLD gol |jd R|g|d Fkgvl gfkt| |jd cdgomohr kn rkcd wtdr|mkor/Rd~dvge vdrpkoldo|r dobkto|dvdl pvkfedcr xm|j |jd Rtv~d}Ckoad} |dbjokekh} mog||dcp|moh |k bkcped|d |jd rtv~d} koemod/ Vdrpkoldo|r xdvd ok| pdvcm||dl |k rg~d lg|ggol vd|tvo |k m| fdnkvd rtfcm||moh |jdmv nmoge vdrpkordr/ Mo gllm|mko% vdrpkoldo|r bktel fd

|mcdl kt| kn |jdmv rdrrmko gol jg~d |k fdhmo |jd rtv~d} ghgmo/ Gr g vdrte|% kn |jd 6%802vdrpkordr rtfcm||dl% vdrpkordr/ Dgbj ltpembg|d vdrpkord jgl |k fd dzgcmodl |k ld|dvcmodxjmbj vdrpkord xgr |jd ckr| bkcped|d1 |jd vdcgmomoh ltpembg|d vdrpkordr xdvd ok|bkormldvdl mo |jd goge}rmr/ Go gllm|mkoge 74 vdrpkordr xdvd bkormldvdl ngerd r|gv|do|vmdr gol gerk bktel ok| fd bkormldvdl/ Gn|dv |jmr vd~mdx pvkbdrr% 6%60< vdrpkordr xdvdtrdl mo bkcpmemoh |jd rtv~d} vdrte|r/

\gfteg|moh Rtv~d} VdrpkordrKo Ite} 72% 6077%|jd R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mko bko|vgb|dl xm|j |jd Tom~dvrm|} kn Pm||rftvhj|k bkcpmed gol goge}yd vdrte|r kn |jd rtv~d} gol |k lvgn| pk|do|mge vdbkccdolg|mkor fgrdl

ko |jg| goge}rmr nkv bkormldvg|mko f} |jd Fkgvl gol nkv lmrbtrrmko g| ptfemb vktol|gfedrjdel gbvkrr |jd Bkcckoxdge|j/ Lv/ Cgv} A/ Fmghmom% Grrkbmg|d Pvkndrrkv gol Bjgmv kn |jdEmfvgv} gol Monkvcg|mko Rbmdobd Pvkhvgc% gol |jvdd glitob| ngbte|} cdcfdvr mo |jd Rbjkkekn Monkvcg|mko Rbmdobdr *Pg|vmba Jmbad}% Rgee} C}dvr gol Lomr E}obj- g| |jd Tom~dvrm|} knPm||rftvhj bkcpmedl gol goge}ydl |jd rtv~d} vdrpkordr/

Fdnkvd rtv~d} vdrpkordr bktel fd |gfteg|dl gol goge}ydl% |jd fgrmb ldckhvgpjmb lg|g nkvdgbj rbjkke gol dgbj rbjkke lmr|vmb| |jg| pgv|mbmpg|dl mo |jd rtv~d} oddldl |k fd ~dvmnmdlgol% mo rkcd mor|gobdr% bkvvdb|dl trmoh lg|g pvk~mldl f} PLDr Pdoor}e~gomg Monkvcg|mkoCgoghdcdo| R}r|dc *PMCR-/ \jd tomwtd omod#lmhm| Glcmomr|vg|m~d Tom| Otcfdv *GTO-otcfdv nkv dgbj rbjkke lmr|vmb| gol nkv dgbj bjgv|dv rbjkke gr xdee gr |jd tomwtd nktv#lmhm|

rbjkke bkld nkv dgbj rbjkke jgl |k fd ~dvmnmdl1 geckr| 7%000 bkld otcfdvr jgl |k fdbkvvdb|dl/

\jd ogcdr kn molm~mltge rbjkker gerk jgl |k fd ~dvmnmdl gol cg|bjdl |k |jd PMCR lg|g/Fdbgtrd cgo} rbjkker gvd ogcdl nkv g pdvrko% vdrpkoldo|r kn|do lml ok| pvk~mld |jdbkcped|d ogcd kn |jd rbjkke/ Mo |jd PMCR lg|g% rkcd rbjkke ogcdr gvd gepjgfd|mydl f}nmvr| ogcd kn |jd pdvrko nkv xjkc |jd rbjkke mr ogcdl gol rkcd f} egr| ogcd/ Jtolvdlrkn rbjkke ogcdr jgl |k fd bkvvdb|dl xm|jmo |jd Rtv~d}Ckoad} lg|g rk |jg| |jd ogcdrbkonkvcdl |k |jd xg} |jd} gvd pvdrdo|dl mo PMCR/ \jmr r|dp xgr odbdrrgv} |k ekbg|ddgbj rbjkker bkvvdb| bkld mo |jd PMCR lg|g/

Rtv~d} Vdrpkoldo|r *Wtdr|mko 7b-Odgve} =0$ kn |jd rtv~d}r xdvd bkcped|dl f} |jd ftmelmoh rbjkke emfvgvmgo kv f} g rmohedemfvgvmgo kv emfvgv} rtpdv~mrkv nkv |jd rbjkker kn |jd lmr|vmb|/ \jd vdcgmomoh 70$ kn |jdrtv~d}r xdvd bkcped|dl f} ftmelmoh pvmobmpger gol grrmr|go| pvmobmpger% f} bdo|vgeglcmomr|vg|kvr *vgohmoh nvkc lmvdb|kvr kn btvvmbtetc gol mor|vtb|mko |k bkcpemgobd knnmbdvrgol |dbjokekh} bkkvlmog|kvr-% f} bdo|vge r|gnn rtbj gr grrmr|go|r |k rtpdvmo|doldo|r% kv f}pgvgpvkndrrmkoger mo |jd ftmelmoh/ Rd~dvge xdvd bkcped|dl f} |jd emfvgvmgo gol |jdpvmobmpge |khd|jdv/ G ~dv} ndx xdvd bkcped|dl f} ~keto|ddvr/ Fdbgtrd |jmr vgohd knvdrpkoldo|r cg} ok| jg~d jgl gbbdrr |k |jd rgcd monkvcg|mko kv mo|dvpvd|dl dgbj


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wtdr|mko mo |jd rgcd xg}% vdrpkordr gbvkrr g lmr|vmb| xdvd rkcd|mcdr bkonemb|moh kvbko|vglmb|kv}/

Vdpvdrdo|g|mko kn Rbjkke Lmr|vmb|r Pgv|mbmpg|moh mo |jd Rtv~d} *Wtdr|mko 7g-Kn |jd 400 rbjkke lmr|vmb|r mo Pdoor}e~gomg% 2:= lmr|vmb|r *8:$- pgv|mbmpg|dl mo |jd rtv~d}%xjmbj mr g ~dv} jmhj vdrpkord vg|d nkv g rtv~d}/ \k ld|dvcmod |jd hdkhvgpjmb lmr|vmft|mko

kn vdrpkoldo|r% GTO otcfdvr xdvd ~dvmnmdl nkv dgbj lmr|vmb| pgv|mbmpg|moh% gol |jd cgprpvdpgvdl f} PLD kn dgbj kn |jd r|g|dr 6= Mo|dvcdlmg|d Tom|r mldo|mn}moh |jd rbjkkelmr|vmb|r xm|jmo dgbj MT xdvd bjdbadl |k ld|dvcmod xjmbj kn |jd 400 rbjkke lmr|vmb|rpgv|mbmpg|dl mo |jd rtv~d}/ Lmr|vmb|r mo gee 6= MTr pgv|mbmpg|dl gbvkrr |jd r|g|d/ D~dv}lmr|vmb| mo Bgvfko#Edjmhj MT 67 gol Bkekomge MT 60 pgv|mbmpg|dl/ Lmr|vmb|r pgv|mbmpg|moh mo|jd rtv~d} vdpvdrdo| gee hdkhvgpjmb gvdgr kn |jd r|g|d gr xdee gr tvfgo% rtftvfgo gol vtvgegvdgr/ Rtbj xmldrpvdgl hdkhvgpjmb vdpvdrdo|g|mko cdgor |jg| gee |}pdr kn bkcctom|mdrgvd vdpvdrdo|dl mo |jd rtv~d} vdrte|r/

Vdpvdrdo|g|mko kn Rbjkker Pgv|mbmpg|moh mo |jd Rtv~d} *Wtdr|mko 7g-Xm|jmo |jd 400 rbjkke lmr|vmb|r |jdvd gvd 6%=80 rbjkker/ Kn |jdrd rbjkker% odgve} |jvdd#

nktv|jr kn |jd rbjkker *6%7:0 kv 8 dedcdo|gv} rbjkker mobetld g xmld vgohd kn hvgld ed~dergckoh rbjkker bg|dhkvmydl mo |jmr rtv~d} gr dedcdo|gv} rbjkker/ Rkcd rbjkker fdhmoxm|j pvd#amoldvhgv|do gol rkcd xm|j amoldvhgv|do/ Rkcd rbjkker gvd pvmcgv} rbjkker%vgohmoh |jvkthj hvgld |xk kv hvgld |jvdd/ G ndx dedcdo|gv} rbjkker jg~d koe} kod hvgldmo g ftmelmoh% nkv dzgcped% koe} |jd |jmvl hvgld/ Mo rkcd dedcdo|gv} rbjkker% hvgld nm~d mr|jd jmhjdr| hvgld% gol mo rkcd hvgld rmz mr |jd jmhjdr|/ Ckvd |jgo 700 rbjkkerdobkcpgrr hvgldr A#:% mobetlmoh hvgldr trtgee} mldo|mnmdl gr cmlled#rbjkke hvgldr/\jdvd gvd 7= rbjkker |jg| mobetld pvd#amoldvhgv|do |jvkthj hvgld |xde~d% gol |jdrd gvd mo

lmr|vmb|r xm|j ~dv} ekx dovkeecdo|r gol mo bjgv|dv rbjkker/

Ckvd |jgo 260 rbjkker *74$- vdpvdrdo| cmlled#rbjkke hvgldr% vgohmoh nvkc hvgld nm~d |khvgld omod/ G ndx rbjkker vdpvdrdo| kod hvgld koe}/ Hvgldr rmz |k dmhj| vdpvdrdo| |jdckr| bkccko cmlled#rbjkke pg||dvo kn hvgldr1 7:8 rbjkker *48$- mobetld |jdrd hvgldr/Kn |jd 220 jmhj rbjkker *7>$-% g ndx mobetld hvgldr dmhj| |jvkthj |xde~d1 |jd cgikvm|}*6=: kv =


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\jd otcfdvr kn rbjkker g| fk|j |jd dedcdo|gv} gol rdbkolgv} ed~der |jg| pgv|mbmpg|dl mo|jmr rtv~d} ~dv} gldwtg|de} vdpvdrdo| |jd otcfdvr kn rbjkker pvkpkv|mkogee} g| |jdrd |xked~der mo rbjkke lmr|vmb|r mo Pdoor}e~gomg/

Goge}rmr kn Rtv~d} Vdrpkordr

\jmr rdb|mko kn |jd vdpkv| rtccgvmydr gol goge}ydr |jd vdrpkordr |k |jd Rbjkke Emfvgv}Rtv~d}/ \jd rtv~d} mor|vtcdo| bko|gmodl $ kn bjgv|dv rbjkker gol 7:rbjkker *=


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7 rbjkker mo |jd rtv~d}/ \jd 7:4 Pjmegldepjmg rbjkker pgv|mbmpg|moh vdpvdrdo|:$ kn |jd 6%7=> rbjkker mo |jd rtv~d}/

\jdvd mr ok| g r|g|d#xmld pg||dvo kn rbjkker xm|jkt| g emfvgv}% ft| vg|jdv g rmohed rbjkkelmr|vmb| xm|j g egvhd otcfdv kn rbjkker xm|jkt| g emfvgv}/ \jd k|jdv 64 rbjkker xm|jkt| gemfvgv} vdpvdrdo| > rbjkke lmr|vmb|r gol 4 bjgv|dv rbjkker% xm|j |jd Pm||rftvhj PtfembRbjkker vdpkv|moh 70 dedcdo|gv} rbjkker xm|j ok emfvgv}/

\mcd Nvgcd kn Emfvgv} Bekrmohr . Vdgrkor Hm~do nkv Bekrmohr *Wtdr|mko 2 .


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Otcfdv kn Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 Bdv|mnmdl Emfvgvmgor *Wtdr|mkor 4 . :-Rdb|mko \xk nkbtrdr ko |jd r|gnnmoh kn |jd rbjkke emfvgv} mo |jd 6070#6077 rbjkke }dgv/ Kn|jd 6%0>: rbjkker xm|j emfvgvmdr mo |jd rtv~d}% 7%: emfvgvmdr *>$- gvd r|gnndl f} |xk Emfvgv}Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgor% gol = emfvgvmdr *edrr |jgo 7$- gvd r|gnndl f} |jvdd Emfvgv}Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgor/

Kn |jd 6%0>: rbjkker% => *4$- lk ok| jg~d g Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgor|gnnmoh |jd emfvgv}/ Dmhj| kn |jdrd rbjkker xm|j ok Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgogvd bjgv|dv rbjkker% kod kn xjmbj jgr ok emfvgv}/ \jvdd kn |jd rbjkker gvd cmlled rbjkker%kod xm|j ok emfvgv}/ Kn |jd vdcgmomoh rbjkker% 67 gvd mo |jd Rbjkke Lmr|vmb| kn Pjmegldepjmg%gol 77 gvd mo |jd Rbjkke Lmr|vmb| kn Dvmd/ \jd cgikvm|} kn rbjkker xm|j ok Emfvgv} RbmdobdA#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgo rdv~moh gr |jd rbjkke emfvgvmgo gvd dedcdo|gv} rbjkker/

Geckr| d~dv} rbjkke xm|j g emfvgv} mo |jmr rtv~d} *7%=86 kv =4$- jgr |jd rdv~mbdr kn gEmfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl rbjkke emfvgvmgo/ Nkv 6070#6077% 7%>=< *::$- vdrpkoldl|jg| pvkndrrmkoge r|gnnmoh jgr vdcgmodl bkor|go| k~dv |jd pgr| |jvdd }dgvr1 koe} =$

molmbg|dl g ldbvdgrd mo r|gnnmoh k~dv |jd pgr| |jvdd }dgvr/

M| rjktel fd ok|dl |jg| Wtdr|mko 4 gfkt| |jd bdv|mnmbg|mko kn |jd rbjkke emfvgvmgo xgr kpdo|k mo|dvpvd|g|mko gr d~mldobdl f} |jd bko|vglmb|kv} gol bkonemb|moh gorxdvr kn |jdvdrpkoldo|r/ Kn |jd rmz|ddo pkrrmfed bjkmbdr kn vdrpkordr |k Wtdr|mko 4% cgo}vdrpkoldo|r pvk~mldl cte|mped gol bko|vglmb|kv} gorxdvr gfkt| |jd rbjkke emfvgvmgorbdv|mnmbg|mko gvdg *Emfvgv} Rbmdobd% A#76 gol+kv gok|jdv bko|do| gvdg- kv |jd egba kn |dgbjdvbdv|mnmbg|mko *odm|jdv mo Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 okv mo gok|jdv bko|do| gvdg-/

\jdrd bko|vglmb|kv} vdrpkordr vdoldvdl vdrpkordr lmnnmbte| |k mo|dvpvd|/ Gn|dv cgo}g||dcp|r |k ghhvdhg|d gol mo|dvpvd| |jd vdrpkordr% |jd ldbmrmko xgr cgld |k trd koe} |jd

vdrpkordr |k |jd nmvr| pgv| kn Wtdr|mko 49 xjd|jdv |jd emfvgv} dcpek}r g emfvgvmgo bdv|mnmdl moEmfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76/ Fgrdl ko |jd cte|mped vdrpkordr |k |jd rdbkol% |jmvl gol nktv|jpgv|r kn Wtdr|mko 4% m| mr mcpkrrmfed |k ld|dvcmod xm|j bdv|gmo|} xjd|jdv rbjkker jg~d r|gnncdcfdvr bdv|mnmdl mo lmrbmpemodr k|jdv |jgo Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 gb|moh gr |jd rbjkkeemfvgvmgo/

Fgrdl ko |jd cte|mped bkonemb|moh vdrpkordr% m| xgr gerk mcpkrrmfed |k ld|dvcmod xm|jbdv|gmo|} xjd|jdv |jd rbjkke emfvgvmgo jkelr bdv|mnmbg|mko mo gok|jdv rtfidb| mo gllm|mko |kbdv|mnmbg|mko mo Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76/ \jd vdrpkordr rddc |k molmbg|d |jg| emfvgvmgor xdvdtogfed |k mo|dvpvd| xjd|jdv |jd} rjktel jg~d vdrpkoldl ghgmo mn |jd} jdel gllm|mkogebdv|mnmbg|mkor fd}kol Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76/ \jtr% rkcd vdrpkoldo|r molmbg|dl fk|j |jg|

|jd} jg~d cte|mped emfvgvmgor xm|j lmnndvdo| gvdgr kn bdv|mnmbg|mkor gr xdee gr ok emfvgvmgor mo|jkrd bg|dhkvmdr/

Jktvr Pdv Xdda Emfvgv} Rbmdobd A#76 Bdv|mnmdl Emfvgvmgor Xkva *Wtdr|mko >-M| mr ckvd lmnnmbte| |k ld|dvcmod xm|j bdv|gmo|} jkx cgo} kn |jd 7%=86 vdpkv|dl Emfvgv}Rbmdobd A#76 bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgor xkva ntee#|mcd mo |jd emfvgv} fdbgtrd ckvd |jgo 78$ knvdrpkoldo|r lml ok| vdpkv| |jd otcfdv kn jktvr |jd emfvgvmgo xkvadl/ G| edgr| 877emfvgvmgor *


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7>

bkormldvdl odgve} ntee#|mcd kv ntee#|mcd ldpdolmoh tpko |jd otcfdv kn jktvr ldnmodl gr ntee#|mcd f} |jd rbjkke lmr|vmb| bko|vgb|/ \jdrd emfvgvmgor cg} fd gckoh |jd 7>4 emfvgvmgor xjkxkva 4! jktvr pdv xdda ko k|jdv lt|mdr/ *Rdd vdrpkordr |k Wtdr|mko : emfvgvmgor *62$- xkva 70 |k 7= jktvr pdv xdda/ M| mr pkrrmfed |jg||jdrd emfvgvmgor rdv~d ckvd |jgo kod rbjkke kv jg~d k|jdv vdrpkormfmem|mdr mo |jd rbjkke/

Mo koe} 26 *6:$- kn |jd 77> emfvgvmdr |jg| jg~d |xk emfvgvmgor mr |jg| rdbkol emfvgvmgo ntee#|mcd *2>! jktvr pdv xdda-/ \jd vdcgmomoh rbjkker jg~d kod emfvgvmgo gol g pkv|mko kn |mcdkn g rdbkol emfvgvmgo xjk rdv~dr k|jdv ftmelmohr kv xjk jgr k|jdv vdrpkormfmem|mdr mo |jdftmelmoh/ Kn |jd omod rbjkker vdpkv|moh |jvdd emfvgvmgor% koe} kod rbjkke *g egvhd% rtftvfgojmhj rbjkke- jgr |jvdd emfvgvmgor dgbj kn xjkc xkvar 28/4 jvr/ pdv xdda/ \xk rbjkkerjg~d |xk ntee#|mcd emfvgvmgor gol g pgv|#|mcd |jmvl emfvgvmgo/ \jd vdcgmomoh rmz emfvgvmdr dgbjjg~d koe} kod ntee#|mcd emfvgvmgo gol |xk gllm|mkoge emfvgvmgor dgbj kn xjkc xkvar jgen#|mcdkv edrr mo |jg| rbjkker emfvgv}/ \xk kn |jdrd emfvgvmgor xkva koe} 7/4 |k 6 jktvr pdv xdda mo|jg| emfvgv}/

Emfvgvmgo+R|tldo| Vg|mk *Wtdr|mko 8-

\jd vdrpkordr |k |jd wtdr|mko vdwtdr|moh |jd vg|mk kn bdv|mnmdl emfvgvmgo |k r|tldo|r mo |jdrbjkke xdvd totrgfed/ Geckr| ok vdrpkoldo|r vdpkv|dl g vg|mk d~do |jkthj |jdmor|vtb|mkor pvk~mldl go dzgcped kn jkx |k vdpkv| g vdrpkord/ Hm~do |jd otcfdv knrbjkker |jg| jg~d koe} kod emfvgvmgo% |jg| emfvgvmgo ctr| rdv~d gee r|tldo|r mo |jg| rbjkke%vdhgvledrr kn dovkeecdo|/ Pgv|#|mcd emfvgvmgor xjk rdv~d ckvd |jgo kod ftmelmoh rdv~d gegvhdv otcfdv kn r|tldo|r g rjkv|dv pdvmkl kn |mcd k~dv |jd bktvrd kn g xdda kv b}bed/

Bkeegfkvg|mko . Jktvr kn Mor|vtb|mkoge Pegoomoh xm|j Bkeedghtdr *Wtdr|mkor 7$- rpdol edrr |jgo kod jktv pdv xdda cdd|moh xm|j |dgbjdvr |k pego mor|vtb|mko/ Gogllm|mkoge 44= emfvgvmgor *6:$- rpdol 7 |k 6 jktvr mo rtbj pegoomoh/ G egba kn geekbg|dl|mcd nkv |dgbjdv#emfvgvmgo pegoomoh mo dedcdo|gv} rbjkker cg} fd dzpegmodl f} |jd egvhd


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otcfdv kn dedcdo|gv} emfvgvmdr |jg| trd g nmzdl rbjdlted nkv |jd emfvgvmgo% mo xjmbj |jdemfvgvmgo |dgbjdr monkvcg|mko em|dvgb} begrrdr ltvmoh nmzdl kv rd| pdvmklr dgbj xdda kv b}bedgol mr |jdvdnkvd ok| g~gmegfed |k pego xm|j |dgbjdvr/

Koe} >= emfvgvmgor *2$- rpdol ckvd |jgo 2/64 jktvr pdv xdda pegoomoh xm|j |dgbjdvr/ Kn|jdrd >= rbjkke emfvgvmgor% itr| 78 rpdol ckvd |jgo 4 jktvr pdv xdda pegoomoh xm|j

|dgbjdvr% gol gee ft| kod kn |jdrd mr g emfvgvmgo mo g jmhj rbjkke/ Kn |jdrd >= emfvgvmgor% 66emfvgvmgor pego xm|j |dgbjdvr fd|xddo % gbbdrrdl 0=+04+77-*j||p9++xxx/geg/kvh+geg+chvpr+lm~r+ggre+ggreptfrgoliktvoger+recvf+recvbko|do|r+~ketcd0=+cbhvdhkv[nedzmfedrbjdltemoh/bnc 0=+02+77-

\jd rbjkke emfvgvmgo mr g bdv|mnmdl |dgbjdv kn monkvcg|mko em|dvgb} gol go mor|vtb|mkoge pgv|odvxm|j k|jdv |dgbjdvr/ Ckvd |jgo jgen kn |jd emfvgvmgor *7%70> kv 4:$- rpdol fd|xddo >#67jktvr pdv xdda ldem~dvmoh mor|vtb|mko |k r|tldo|r/ Kn |jdrd emfvgvmgor% 44$ xkva xm|j

begrrdr ko g nmzdl rbjdlted1 |jd hvdg| cgikvm|} kn emfvgvmdr xm|j nmzdl rbjdltedr gvd modedcdo|gv} rbjkker/ Mo rbjkker trmoh g nmzdl emfvgv} rbjdlted% |jd emfvgvmgor rbjdlted mrdr|gfemrjdl nkv |jd rbjkke }dgv f} |jd pvmobmpge rk |jg| dgbj hvgld#ed~de begrr ~mrm|r |jdemfvgv} nkv kod kv ckvd nmzdl pdvmklr dgbj xdda kv b}bed/ Ltvmoh |jdrd pdvmklr% |jdemfvgvmgo |dgbjdr g edrrko mo monkvcg|mko em|dvgb}% vdglr g r|kv}% kv jdepr r|tldo|r rdedb|fkkar gol kn|do bgvvmdr kt| gee |jvdd gb|m~m|mdr mo g rmohed pdvmkl/

Rkcd rbjkke lmr|vmb|r trd nmzdl rbjdltemoh gr pgv| kn |jd bko|vgb| |k pvk~mld begrrvkkc|dgbjdvr xm|j g pegoomoh pdvmkl1 mo |jdrd lmr|vmb|r% |jd |dgbjdv odm|jdv gbbkcpgomdr |jdbegrr |k |jd emfvgv} okv r|g}r xm|j |jd begrr ltvmoh |jd edgvomoh gb|m~m|}/ Mo |jdrd bgrdr% gnmzdl rbjdlted vdrte|r mo |jd emfvgvmgor monkvcg|mko em|dvgb} mor|vtb|mko ok| fdmoh bkvvdeg|dl

mo go} xg} xm|j xjg| r|tldo|r gvd edgvomoh mo |jd begrrvkkc/

Fdbgtrd cgo} dedcdo|gv} emfvgv} ngbmem|mdr gvd ok| egvhd dokthj |k rdg| ckvd |jgo kodbegrr g| g |mcd% koe} |jd rbjdltedl |dgbjdvr begrr cg} fd gfed |k trd |jd emfvgv} mo g hm~dopdvmkl/ Gr g vdrte|% m| mr ok| pkrrmfed nkv g |dgbjdv |k rbjdlted mor|vtb|mkoge |mcd xm|j |jdemfvgvmgo mo |jd emfvgv} xjdo m| mr oddldl ckr| |k mo|dhvg|d xm|j xjg| |jd r|tldo|r gvdedgvomoh/ Koe} 4 kv 7:$- trdl g bkcfmog|mko kn |jd nmzdl gol nedzmfed


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|}pdr kn rbjdlted/ Vdrdgvbj bkoltb|dl mo dedcdo|gv} rbjkker rmobd |jd 7==0rldckor|vg|dr |jg| emfvgvmgor xjk trd nedzmfed vg|jdv |jgo nmzdl rbjdltemoh gvd gfed |kbkeegfkvg|d ekohdv gol ckvd rtbbdrrntee} xm|j |dgbjdvr mo pegoomoh mor|vtb|mkoge tom|r/

Dedcdo|gv} rbjkke r|tldo|r xm|j |jd ckr| bkeegfkvg|m~d |dgbjdv#emfvgvmgor rbkvdl 67$ jmhjdv koBkekvglk R|tldo| Grrdrrcdo| Pvkhvgc *BRGP- vdglmoh rbkvdr |jgo r|tldo|r xm|j |jd edgr|

bkeegfkvg|m~d |dgbjdv emfvgvmgor/ *Bkekvglk Egobd R|tl}% 6000% Rbjkke Emfvgvmdr Xkva'% 600:% p/ 70/-

Mo |xk#|jmvlr kn |jd emfvgvmdr% fd|xddo 77 gol 20 hvktpr ~mrm| |jd emfvgv} ltvmoh g |}pmbgexdda/ \jmr otcfdv mobetldr fk|j begrrdr gol rcgee hvktpr kn r|tldo|r/ Kn |jd 46emfvgvmdr |jg| vdpkv| ckvd |jgo 47 hvktp ~mrm|r pdv xdda% geckr| gee gvd mo jmhj rbjkker%molmbg|moh |jg| egvhd otcfdvr kn rcgee hvktpr kn r|tldo|r vg|jdv |jgo do|mvd begrrdr gvdtrmoh |jd emfvgv}/ Fdbgtrd kn |jd xg} |jd rtv~d} wtdr|mko xgr pjvgrdl% m| mr ok| pkrrmfed|k ld|dvcmod mn |jdrd rcgee hvktpr gol begrrdr gvd vdbdm~moh mor|vtb|mko nvkc |jd rbjkkeemfvgvmgo kv gvd xkvamoh moldpdoldo|e} kv xm|j g |dgbjdv/

Emfvgvmgo Dohghdcdo| mo R|tldo| Vdglmoh Gb|m~m|mdr *Wtdr|mko


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xm|j cgo} |dgbjdvr gol glcmomr|vg|kvr mo rd||mohr k|jdv |jgo |jd emfvgv}/ Rtbj bko|gb|mobvdgrdr |jd pkrrmfmem|} kn bkeegfkvg|mko ko r|tldo| edgvomoh/

Geckr| |jvdd#wtgv|dvr kn |jd emfvgvmgor *7% kv


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rtppkv| r|gnn/ \jdrd emfvgvmdr xm|j cte|mped r|gnn cdcfdvr gvd geckr| gee mo jmhj rbjkkerdzbdp| nkv kod mo go dedcdo|gv} rbjkke/ Odgve} kod#|jmvl kn |jd emfvgvmdr *>


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Jgen kn gee emfvgvmdr *7%062- gvd ok| kpdo |k r|tldo|r fd}kol |jd r|tldo| rbjkke lg}/ Mo|jdrd rbjkker% mn g r|tldo|r rbjdlted jgl ok g~gmegfed |mcd ltvmoh |jd rbjkke lg} kv mn |jdemfvgv} mr ok| kpdo ltd |k g nmzdl rbjdlted kn begrrdr mo |jd emfvgv}% |jg| r|tldo| xktel ok|fd gfed |k trd |jd emfvgv} ko |jg| lg}/ \jmr egba kn gbbdrr fd}kol |jd r|tldo| rbjkke lg}cg} fd ltd |k ftrmoh rbjdltedr% bko|vgb| mrrtdr% kv g~gmegfed emfvgvmgo kv rtppkv| r|gnnmoh/Mo 86: rbjkker *24$-% |jd rbjkke emfvgv} mr kpdo fd|xddo 7 gol < jktvr pdv xdda fd}kol

|jd r|tldo| rbjkke lg}% gol go gllm|mkoge 74$ kn |jd emfvgvmdr *202- gvd kpdo fd|xddo 4gol 74 jktvr fd}kol |jd rbjkke lg} dgbj xdda/

Rdb|mko Nm~d9 Pvmo| . Dedb|vkomb Vdrktvbdr *Wtdr|mkor 7:#6>-Rdb|mko Rmz9 Ghd . Bkolm|mko kn Bkeedb|mko *Wtdr|mkor 68#26-

\jd dz|do| |k xjmbj fkkar gvd fkvvkxdl nvkc rbjkke emfvgvmdr rjkxr g r|vkoh vdeg|mkorjmp xm|jvdglmoh gbjmd~dcdo|/ *Rbjkke Emfvgvmdr Xkva'% 600:% p/ 76-

Rdb|mkor Nm~d bkobdvomoh |jd bkeedb|mko kn vdrktvbdr gol Rdb|mko Rmz bkobdvomoh |jd ghd

gol bkolm|mko kn |jd bkeedb|mko gvd bkormldvdl gr go do|m|} fdbgtrd |jd vdrpkordr |k |jdwtdr|mkor mo |jdrd |xk rdb|mkor pvdrdo| |jd bedgvdr| pmb|tvd kn |jd trdnteodrr kn |jdvdrktvbdr mo |jd emfvgv} bkeedb|mko/ \jd otcfdv kn m|dcr mo g bkeedb|mko mr mcpkv|go| mold|dvcmomoh mn |jdvd gvd rtnnmbmdo| vdrktvbdr nkv r|tldo|r1 |jd |}pdr kn vdrktvbdr mobetldl mo|jd bkeedb|mko gvd mcpkv|go| nkv vdpvdrdo|g|mko kn lmnndvdo| amolr kn monkvcg|mko gr xdee grgppdge |k lmnndvdo| |}pdr kn r|tldo|r gol |jd btvvdob} kn |jd vdrktvbdr mr mcpkv|go| mold|dvcmomoh |jdmv trdnteodrr/

Fkka Bkeedb|mko *Wtdr|mkor 7:% 7=% 68 . 6:-K~dvgee% |jd cgikvm|} kn pvmo| fkka bkeedb|mkor vgohd mo rmyd fd|xddo 4%000 gol 74%000~ketcdr/ Ckvd |jgo jgen kn |jd emfvgv} bkeedb|mkor pvk~mld fd|xddo 7> gol 20 fkkar pdv

r|tldo|/ Htmldemodr nkv Pdoor}e~gomg Rbjkke Emfvgv} Pvkhvgcr *6077% p/ 26- r|g|d |jg|dedcdo|gv} rbjkke emfvgv} bkeedb|mkor rjktel jg~d 60 ~ketcdr pdv r|tldo| gr g cmomctc%64 ~ketcdr gr g r|golgvl gol 20 gr dzdcpegv}/ Cmlled rbjkker gol jmhj rbjkker rjkteljg~d 74 ~ketcdr gr g cmomctc% 60 ~ketcdr gr g r|golgvl gol 64 ~ketcdr gr dzdcpegv}/\xk#|jmvlr kn |jd rbjkker vdpvdrdo|dl mo |jd rtv~d} gvd dedcdo|gv} rbjkker% xjmbjhdodvgee} jg~d ekxdv r|tldo| dovkeecdo|r |jgo rdbkolgv} rbjkker/ Dedcdo|gv} rbjkkeemfvgvmdr cg} jg~d ndxdv |k|ge ~ketcdr |jgo jmhj rbjkke emfvgvmdr ft| |jd bkeedb|mkor gvdgldwtg|d nkv |jd otcfdv kn r|tldo|r mo |jd rbjkke/

Gbbkvlmoh |k |jd Htmldemodr *6077% p/ 26-% |m|edr rjktel fd trdnte% cdgomoh btvvdo|%gbbtvg|d gol cdd|moh r|tldo| oddlr/ \jd Htmldemodrvdbkccdol |jg| |jd g~dvghd ghd kn

|jd fkka bkeedb|mko ok| dzbddl 70 }dgvr *6077% p/4-/ Ckvd |jgo |jvdd#nktv|jr kn emfvgvmdrvdpkv| |k|ge fkka bkeedb|mkor xm|j go g~dvghd bkp}vmhj| ghd xm|jmo |jd pgr| |xdo|}#nm~d}dgvr/ Toedrr g emfvgv} jgr g ~dv} odx bkeedb|mko kn vdbdo|e} ptfemrjdl fkkar% |jmr vgohd kng~dvghd ghdr mr pvdlmb|gfed/ Bkeedb|mkor |jg| jg~d fddo mo dzmr|dobd nkv ckvd }dgvr goljg~d ok| fddo vd#d~getg|dl vdhtegve} xmee |dol |k jg~d keldv g~dvghd bkp}vmhj| lg|dr/

Mo ld|dvcmomoh |jd g~dvghd ghd kn fkkar mo |jd Ldxd} Ldbmcge Begrrmnmbg|mko >00r% xjmbjmobetldr rtfidb|r rtbj gr |dbjokekh}% cdlmbmod gol jdge|j |jg| fdodnm| ckr| nvkcbtvvdob}% ckvd |jgo jgen kn |jd emfvgvmdr vdpkv|dl go g~dvghd bkp}vmhj| ghd nkv |jdrd fkkar


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gr fd|xddo 7==0#7===% gol ckvd |jgo 70$ vdpkv|dl go g~dvghd ghd kn |do }dgvr kv edrr/\jd Htmldemodr vdbkccdol |jg| |m|edr begrrmnmdl mo |jd Ldx} >00r jg~d go g~dvghd ghdok| |k dzbddl 4 }dgvr *6077% p/ 4-/

Xjdo |jd nmvr| xg~d kn jmhj rbjkke emfvgvmdr ikmodl Gbbdrr PG mo 7=:4% rbjkke emfvgvmgorxdvd tvhdl |k vd#d~getg|d *xddl- |jdmv bkeedb|mkor gol vdck~d keldv% kt|lg|dl fkkar gol

k|jdv vdrktvbdr/ Xjdo cmlled gol dedcdo|gv} rbjkker ikmodl Gbbdrr PG mo nkeekxmoh}dgvr% |jdmv emfvgvmgor xdvd tvhdl |k xddl |jdmv bkeedb|mkor gr xdee rk |jg| |jd Gbbdrr PGlg|gfgrd kn bkeedb|mkor xktel fd trdnte/ Emfvgvmgor xdvd gerk tvhdl |k vd#d~getg|d |jdmvbkeedb|mkor ghgmo xjdo gt|kcg|dl bg|gekhr gol bmvbteg|mko r}r|dcr xdvd ptvbjgrdl/Emfvgvmgor xjk gppemdl nkv ndldvge Emfvgv} Rdv~mbdr gol \dbjokekh} Gb| *ER\G- hvgo|r nkvbkeedb|mko ld~dekpcdo| aodx |jg| |jdmv pvkpkrger xktel vdbdm~d jmhjdv vgoamohr mn |jdmvbkeedb|mkor xdvd ckvd btvvdo|% gok|jdv mobdo|m~d |k xddl bkeedb|mkor/

\jd |dbjokekh} mo gt|kcg|dl bmvbteg|mko r}r|dcr cgadr m| pkrrmfed nkv g emfvgvmgo |kbgebteg|d |jd g~dvghd ghd kv bkp}vmhj| lg|d kn go m|dc mo |jd bkeedb|mko/ Gfkt| 60$ knvdrpkoldo|r xdvd togfed |k ld|dvcmod |jd g~dvghd ghd kn |jdmv bkeedb|mkor fdbgtrd |jdmv

emfvgv} lkdr ok| jg~d go gt|kcg|dl bmvbteg|mko r}r|dc/

Cghgymodr gol Odxrpgpdvr *Wtdr|mko 60-Geckr| |jvdd#nktv|jr kn emfvgvmdr rtfrbvmfd |k 60 kv ndxdv cghgymodr gol odxrpgpdvr% gol78- jg~d ok cghgymod kv odxrpgpdv rtfrbvmp|mkor/ Htmldemodr nkvPdoor}e~gomg Rbjkke Emfvgv} Pvkhvgcr *6077% p/ 26- dr|gfemrjdr g cmomctc otcfdv knrtfrbvmp|mkor nkv dedcdo|gv} emfvgvmdr g| fd|xddo 7> gol 67% nkv cmlled rbjkker g| fd|xddo


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\jd cml#}dgv vdltb|mko mo dgve} 6070 kn |jd Gbbdrr PG gol PKXDV Emfvgv} ftlhd| nvkc,8/6= cmeemko |k ,6/=8 cmeemko jgr vdrte|dl mo g rtfr|go|mge vdltb|mko mo |jd otcfdv knlg|gfgrdr g~gmegfed |k r|tldo|r gol |dgbjdvr mo rbjkke emfvgvmdr% drpdbmgee} mo dedcdo|gv}rbjkker/ \jd Knnmbd kn Bkcckoxdge|j Emfvgvmdr jgl odhk|mg|dl ctbj#ekxdv pvmbmoh nkvlg|gfgrd embdormoh fgrdl ko ~ketcd1 g rmohed rbjkke lmr|vmb| ctr| pg} g ctbj jmhjdvmolm~mltge vg|d/ Xjdo |jd ftlhd| xgr vdltbdl gol |jd otcfdv kn embdordl rtfrbvmp|mkor

jgl |k fd vdltbdl gbbkvlmohe}% ndx rbjkke lmr|vmb|r bktel gnnkvl |k pg} |jdrd ctbj jmhjdvnddr nkv molm~mltge embdordr |k lg|gfgrdr/ PKXDV Emfvgv}|jd hvdg| dwtgemydv gbvkrrrbjkke lmr|vmb|rjgr fddo lmcmomrjdl nkv gee r|tldo|r/

Dedb|vkomb Vdrktvbdr9 dFkkar *Wtdr|mko 66-dFkkar% g vdeg|m~de} odx |}pd kn vdrktvbd% gvd hvkxmoh mo pkptegvm|}% gol ckvd gol ckvd|m|edr gvd okx g~gmegfed mo |jmr dedb|vkomb nkvcg|/ Ckvd |jgo |jvdd#nktv|jr kn rbjkke emfvgvmdrlk ok| pvk~mld gbbdrr |k dFkkar% gol |jd ndx |jg| pvk~mld gbbdrr gvd mo jmhj rbjkker/ Gndx rbjkke lmr|vmb|r gvd gfed |k bmvbteg|d dFkkar |jvkthj |jdmv Koemod Ptfemb GbbdrrBg|gekh *KPGB-% gol g ndx k|jdv emfvgvmdr jg~d gbbdrr |jvkthj |jdmv embdordl lg|gfgrdr/

^mldk . Gtlmk Vdrktvbdr G~gmegfed1 G~dvghd Ghd kn ^mldk . Gtlmk Vdrktvbdr*Wtdr|mkor 6= . 20-

Ckvd |jgo |jvdd#nktv|jr kn emfvgvmdr jg~d rkcd ~mldk vdrktvbdr% gol |jd g~dvghd ghd kngeckr| gee kn |jdrd ~mldk bkeedb|mkor mr 7==4 kv odxdv/ Ndxdv |jgo 60$ kn emfvgvmdr *22:-jg~d ok ~mldk vdrktvbdr/ Kod#|jmvl kn emfvgvmdr *>>4- jg~d ok gtlmk vdrktvbdr% gol |jdrdgvd gee mo dedcdo|gv} rbjkker/ Gtlmk bkeedb|mkor |dol |k fd odxdv xm|j go g~dvghd ghd kn|do }dgvr/

Gt|kcg|dl+Koemod Bg|gekh Gbbdrrdl xm|jmo gol kt|rmld Ftmelmoh *Wtdr|mkor 64 . 6>-Ckvd |jgo =0$ kn |jd emfvgvmdr jg~d go gt|kcg|dl bg|gekh gbbdrrmfed xm|jmo |jd rbjkkeftmelmoh/ Kn |jkrd rbjkker% gfkt| 80$ geekx r|tldo|r% |dgbjdvr gol pgvdo|r |k gbbdrr |jg|

bg|gekh vdck|de}% xjmbj cgadr m| pkrrmfed |k dzpgol gbbdrr |k |jd emfvgv} bkeedb|mko g| gee|mcdr nvkc ekbg|mkor xm|jmo |jd rbjkke ftmelmoh gol nvkc |jd jkcd/

R|tldo| Gbbdrr |k Lmr|vmb|#Ntoldl Pvkltb|m~m|} \kker *Wtdr|mko 27-Ckvd |jgo |jvdd#nktv|jr kn emfvgvmdr pvk~mld r|tldo|r gol |dgbjdvr gbbdrr |k nktv kv ckvdpvkltb|m~m|} |kker rtbj gr Cmbvkrkn| Knnmbd Rtm|d% Glkfd Bvdg|m~d Rtm|d pvkltb|r golMorpmvg|mko gol Amlrpmvg|mko/

R|tldo| Gfmem|} |k Gbbdrr . Trd Xdf#Fgrdl Bkeegfkvg|mko \kker Fgrdl ko Nme|dvmohRkn|xgvd *Wtdr|mko 26-\jd ~gr| cgikvm|} kn emfvgvmdr *:0$- pvk~mld r|tldo|r xm|j emcm|dl gbbdrr |k bkeegfkvg|mko

|kker rtbj gr xmamr% fekhr% Hkkhed Lkbr gol Gtlgbm|} fdbgtrd kn |jdmv nme|dvmoh rkn|xgvd%gol 77$ kn emfvgvmdr pvk~mld ok gbbdrr |k |jdrd |kker |k |jdmv r|tldo|r/ M| mr pkrrmfed |jg|gbbdrr mr emcm|dl fdbgtrd kn |jd xg} nme|dvmoh pvk|kbker jg~d fddo rd| tp mo |jd lmr|vmb|1 nkvdzgcped% |dgbjdvr cg} jg~d gbbdrr |k bkeegfkvg|mko |kker ft| r|tldo|r cg} ok| jg~dgbbdrr/ Rkcd|mcdr embdormoh ghvddcdo|r emcm| gbbdrr1 embdormoh g| g jmhjdv bkr| pvk~mldrhvdg|dv gbbdrr/ Rbjkke pkembmdr gol emcm|dl monvgr|vtb|tvd cg} gerk gnndb| |jmr gbbdrr grbgo pkrrmfed fgolxml|j bkobdvor/


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Otcfdv kn Bkcpt|dvr Jktrdl mo Emfvgv} Ptvbjgrdl+Edgrdl rmobd 6004#600> .Ptvbjgrdl+Edgrdl fdnkvd 600 emfvgvmdr*7


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6>

Rdb|mko \do9 Gllm|mkoge Grpdb|r *Wtdr|mko 0$ kn vdrpkoldo|r fdemd~d |jdmv emfvgvmdr lk ok| jg~d gldwtg|dvdrktvbdr |k rtppkv| |jmr r|tldo| pkpteg|mko/

Glgp|m~d \dbjokekh} Oddlr kn R|tldo|r xm|j mrtge Lmrgfmem|mdr9Koe} 4>4 vdrpkoldo|r *68$- fdemd~d |jdmv emfvgvmdr jg~d gldwtg|d grrmr|m~d |dbjokekh} nkvr|tldo|r xm|j ~mrtge lmrgfmem|mdr |k rdgvbj |jd bkeedb|mko bg|gekh% |k vdgl kv emr|do |k fkkarkv k|jdv xvm||do cg|dvmger gol |k pdvnkvc vdrdgvbj ko g bkcpt|dv xm|j go Mo|dvod|bkoodb|mko/ \jmr mr |jd ekxdr| pdvbdo|ghd kn gldwtgb} kn |jd nktv mldo|mnmdl gvdgr pdvjgprfdbgtrd |jd |dbjokekh} vdwtmvdcdo|r nkv jdepmoh r|tldo|r xm|j ~mrtge lmrgfmem|mdr gvd ~dv}rpdbmnmb gol jg~d vdge bkr|r/

Vdrktvbd Oddlr kn R|tldo|r Vdglmoh Fdekx Hvgld Ed~de9Vdrpkoldo|r nkv 7%>07 emfvgvmdr *88$- fdemd~d |jg| |jdmv emfvgv} pvk~mldr gldwtg|dvdrktvbdr nkv r|tldo|r xjk oddl jmhj#mo|dvdr|% ekx#vdglmoh#ed~de cg|dvmger/ Mo |jd pgr| ndx}dgvr% ptfemrjdvr jg~d nkbtrdl ko knndvmoh |jdrd |}pdr kn vdrktvbdr gol rtbj vdrktvbdrgvd okx xmlde} g~gmegfed/ Ndx kn |jd emfvgvmdr mo |jmr rtv~d} vdpkv|dl ckvd |jgo 70pdvmklmbge rtfrbvmp|mkor% d~do |jkthj cghgymodr vdpvdrdo| |jd ckr| pkptegv pvmo| nkvcg|xm|j }ktoh pdkped/

Bkeedb|mko Gbbdrr nkv R|tldo|r xm|j Pj}rmbge Lmrgfmem|mdr9Vdrpkoldo|r mo 7%>>< emfvgvmdr *:7$- molmbg|d |jg| |jdmv ngbmem|} geekxr r|tldo|r xm|jpj}rmbge lmrgfmem|mdr |k jg~d gbbdrr |k |jd bkeedb|mko/ \jmr r|g|dcdo| lkdr ok| gllvdrr |jdgldwtgb} kn |jd vdrktvbdr |jdcrde~dr nkv |jdrd r|tldo|r/

Bkeedb|mko kn Cte|m#bte|tvge Vdrktvbdr9\jd ~gr| cgikvm|} kn vdrpkoldo|r *:0$- fdemd~d |jg| |jdmv bkeedb|mko mobetldr gldwtg|dvdrktvbdr |jg| gvd cte|m#bte|tvge kv vdnedb|m~d kn lmnndvdo| bte|tvge fgbahvktolr/


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Fdobjcgvamoh Lkbtcdo|r

Gcdvmbgo Grrkbmg|mko kn Rbjkke Emfvgvmgor/ Dcpkxdvmoh Edgvodvr9 Htmldemodr nkv RbjkkeEmfvgv} Cdlmg Pvkhvgcr/ Bjmbghk9 Gcdvmbgo Emfvgv} Grrkbmg|mko% 600=/

Gcdvmbgo Grrkbmg|mko kn Rbjkke Emfvgvmgor/ R|golgvlr nkv |jd 67#r| Bdo|tv} Edgvodv/ Bjmbghk9

Gcdvmbgo Emfvgv} Grrkbmg|mko% 6008/TVE9 j||p9++xxx/geg/kvh+ggre+r|golgvlr

Gcdvmbgo Grrkbmg|mko kn Rbjkke Emfvgvmgor/ R|golgvlr nkv |jd 67r|#Bdo|tv} Edgvodv mo Gb|mko/Bjmbghk9 Gcdvmbgo Emfvgv} Grrkbmg|mko% 600=/

Gcdvmbgo Grrkbmg|mko kn Rbjkke Emfvgvmgor/ Emfvgvmdr Bkto|' Og|mkoge Ekohm|tlmoge Rtv~d} knRbjkke Emfvgv} Pvkhvgcr/ Bjmbghk9 Gcdvmbgo Grrkbmg|mko kn Rbjkke Emfvgvmgor% 6008#6070/TVE9 j||p9++xxx/geg/kvh+geg+chvpr+lm~r+ggre+vdrdgvbjgolr|g|mr|mbr+rebrtv~d}+rebrtv~d}/bnc\jd Gcdvmbgo Grrkbmg|mko kn Rbjkke Emfvgvmgor *GGRE-% |jd og|mkoge grrkbmg|mko kn ckvd |jgo =%000pvkndrrmkoge rbjkke emfvgvmgor% rpkorkvr Emfvgvmdr Bkto|'% go gootge ekohm|tlmoge rtv~d} kpdo |k gee rbjkkeemfvgvmdr |jg| pvk~mldr lg|g ko |jd jdge|j kn T/R/ rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgcr/ \jd nmvr| rtv~d} xgr bkoltb|dl mo6008% gol gootge vdrte|r gvd pkr|dl dgbj }dgv ko |jd GGRE xdfrm|d/ Ckr| kn |jd wtdr|mkor gvd |vgbamoh

wtdr|mkor% |jkthj dgbj }dgv |jd rtv~d} mobetldr g rjkv| rdvmdr kn |kpmbge wtdr|mkor/ GGRE jgr mo~m|dlpgv|mbmpg|mko f} r|g|d |k hgmo hvdg|dv pgv|mbmpg|mko/ \xk r|g|drAdo|tba} gol Hdkvhmg##okx pgv|mbmpg|d/

Htmldemodr nkv Pdoor}e~gomg Rbjkke Emfvgv} Pvkhvgcr/ Jgvvmrftvh9 Knnmbd kn Bkcckoxdge|jEmfvgvmdr% 6077/TVE9 j||p9++pg/xdfitob|mko/kvh+pg#rbjkkehtmldemodr+#+gv|mbedr+bko|do|+77>6876:6

Egobd% Adm|j Btvv}% Cgvbmg I/ Vklod} gol Bjvmr|mod Jgcme|ko#Pdoodee/ Cdgrtvmoh Tp |kR|golgvlr9 \jd Mcpgb| kn Rbjkke Emfvgv} Pvkhvgcr gol Monkvcg|mko Em|dvgb} moPdoor}e~gomg Rbjkker/ Jgvvmrftvh9 Pdoor}e~gomg Bm|mydor nkv Fd||dv Emfvgvmdr gol |jdPdoor}e~gomg Ldpgv|cdo| kn Dltbg|mko% 6000/

TVE9 j||p9++xxx/evr/kvh+lkbtcdo|r+ecbr|tlmdr+PG+pgfvkbjtvd/pln\jd Egobd R|tl} xgr bkoltb|dl mo


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Vdbkccdolg|mkor

Jktrd Vdrket|mko =:8 kn 6070 vdwtdr|r |jg| |jd R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mko xm|j |jdLdpgv|cdo| kn Dltbg|mko cgad vdbkccdolg|mkor odbdrrgv} kv ldrmvgfed |k9

7/ Mcpvk~d gol tplg|d ptfemb rbjkke emfvgv} vdrktvbdr% rdv~mbdr gol ngbmem|mdr nkv geer|tldo|r mo |jmr Bkcckoxdge|j% mobetlmoh vdbkccdolg|mkor nkv gppvkpvmg|d ed~derkn vdrktvbdr% r|gnnmoh gol jktvr kn gbbdrr1

6/ Pvk~mld gee r|tldo|r xm|j |jd rbjkke emfvgv} vdrktvbdr% ngbmem|mdr% pvkhvgc golmor|vtb|mko |k dogfed |jdc |k fdbkcd rtbbdrrnte vdgldvr% edgvodvr% vdrdgvbjdvr golbkortcdvr gol pvkltbdvr kn monkvcg|mko1

2/ Gllvdrr rbjkke emfvgv} modwtm|mdr kv mortnnmbmdobmdr gnndb|moh lmrgl~go|ghdl r|tldo|rgol bkcctom|mdr/

Bko|dz| kn Vdbkccdolg|mkor Fgrdl ko Og|mkoge G||do|mko |k Rbjkke EmfvgvmdrPdoor}e~gomg mr ok| gekod mo grrdrrmoh |jd vked rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgcr peg} mo r|tldo|gbjmd~dcdo|/ Rmobd |jd |tvo kn |jd 67r| bdo|tv}% ldbmrmko cgadvr gbvkrr |jd og|mko jg~drtppkv|dl |jd vked kn dnndb|m~d rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgcr mo r|tldo| edgvomoh gol gbgldcmbgbjmd~dcdo|/ Mo 6006% |jdo Nmvr| Egl} Egtvg Ftrj jkr|dl g Xjm|d Jktrd Bkondvdobd koRbjkke Emfvgvmdr/ Rjd bkobetldl |jd bkondvdobd f} r|g|moh |jg|

Go mo~dr|cdo| mo emfvgvmdr mr go mo~dr|cdo| mo ktv bjmelvdor nt|tvd/*j||p9++xxx/egtvgftrjnktolg|mko/kvh+Bekrd[Vdcgvar/j|ce % gbbdrrdl 0=+04+77-

Mo 6008% |jd T/R/ Og|mkoge Bkccmrrmko ko Emfvgvmdr gol Monkvcg|mko Rbmdobd *OBEMR-

g||dr|dl |k Bkohvdrr |jd oddl nkv rbjkke emfvgvmdr gol rbjkke emfvgvmgor nkv gee bjmelvdofgrdl tpko |jd vdrdgvbj d~mldobd fd|xddo r|vkoh rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgcr gol r|tldo|gbjmd~dcdo|/ *Rbjkke Emfvgvmdr Xkva'% 600:% p/ 2-

Bko|dz| kn Vdbkccdolg|mkor Fgrdl ko Rtv~d} Vdrte|r\jd vdrte|r kn |jmr rtv~d} kn Pdoor}e~gomg rbjkke emfvgvmdr mo |jd 6070#6077 rbjkke }dgvrjkx |jg| ok| d~dv} r|tldo| mo g ptfembe} ntoldl rbjkke jgr gbbdrr |k g wtgem|} emfvgv}pvkhvgc mo |jdmv rbjkke |jg| mr9

R|gnndl f} fk|j g ntee#|mcd bdv|mnmdl rbjkke emfvgvmgo |k bkeegfkvg|d xm|j |dgbjdvr golgo gmld1

Kpdo |jvkthjkt| |jd rbjkke lg}1 Rtppkv|dl f} go gldwtg|d bkeedb|mko kn btvvdo| gol trdnte pvmo| gol dedb|vkomb

vdrktvbdr1 gol Pvk~mrmkodl xm|j oddldl |dbjokekh} od|xkvamoh monvgr|vtb|tvd% btvvdo| bkcpt|moh

dwtmpcdo| gol rkn|xgvd |k gbbdrr monkvcg|mko dedb|vkombgee}/


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6=

Vdbkccdolg|mkor nkv |jd Pdoor}e~gomg Ldpgv|cdo| kn Dltbg|mkogol Rbjkke Do|m|mdr

Xjg| bgo Pdoor}e~gomgor lk |k grrtvd |jg| ptfemb rbjkke r|tldo|r jg~d gbbdrr |kdnndb|m~d emfvgv} pvkhvgcr |jg| xmee jdep |jdc gbjmd~d gbgldcmb rtbbdrr;

Hm~do |jmr og|mkoge g||do|mko |k |jd vked kn rbjkke emfvgvmdr mo r|tldo| edgvomoh gol |jdmo|dord ldfg|d k~dv r|tldo| gbjmd~dcdo| g| gee ed~der nvkc |jd ekbge |k |jd og|mkoge% kodpk|do|mge rket|mko |jg| r|gadjkeldvr g| gee ed~der bgo bkormldv mr |k lvgx tpko vdrdgvbj |jg|ldckor|vg|dr |jg| go dnndb|m~d rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgc jdepr r|tldo|r gbjmd~d gbgldcmbrtbbdrr gol r|vdoh|jdo gee bkcpkodo|r kn rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgcr gbvkrr |jd r|g|d/

G| |jd r|g|d ed~de% |jd Hdodvge Grrdcfe} kn Pdoor}e~gomg% |jd R|g|d Fkgvl kn Dltbg|mkogol |jd Pdoor}e~gomg Ldpgv|cdo| kn Dltbg|mko *PLD- bgo rjgpd pkemb}/ G| |jd ekbge ed~de%rbjkke lmvdb|kvr gol lmr|vmb| glcmomr|vg|kvr gr xdee gr pvmobmpger% |dgbjdvr gol emfvgvmgor morbjkker gol r|tldo|r% pgvdo|r gol bkcctom|} edgldvr bgo grrdrr |jd dnndb|m~dodrr kn|jdmv rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgcr/

D~dv} ldbmrmko cgadv gol r|gadjkeldv bgo ftmel ko |jd dcpmvmbge d~mldobd gcgrrdl movdrdgvbj r|tlmdr bkoltb|dl rmobd 7==6 mo Pdoor}e~gomg gol mo 67 k|jdv r|g|dr gbvkrr |jdbkto|v} *Gegrag% Bgemnkvomg% Bkekvglk% Ldegxgvd% Nekvmlg% Mlgjk% Meemokmr% Molmgog% Mkxg%Cgrrgbjtrd||r% Cmbjmhgo% Cmoodrk|g% Cmrrktvm% Odx Idvrd}% Odx Cdzmbk% Odx ]kva%Okv|j Bgvkemog% Kjmk% Kvdhko% \dzgr% gol Xmrbkormo- bkobetlmoh |jg|

/ / / r|tldo|r mo rbjkker xm|j hkkl rbjkke emfvgvmdr edgvo ckvd% hd| fd||dv hvgldr% gol rbkvd jmhjdv kor|golgvlmydl |dr| rbkvdr |jgo |jdmv pddvr mo rbjkker mo rbjkker xm|jkt| emfvgvmdr/ *Rbjkke EmfvgvmdrXkva'% 600:% p/


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20

r|golgvlr gvd fdmoh mcpedcdo|dl gol odx monkvcg|mko em|dvgb} r|golgvlr gvd mo pegbd|jd oddl nkv go tplg|dl cklde monkvcg|mko em|dvgb} btvvmbtetc mr g jmhj pvmkvm|}/-

Dobktvghmoh lmr|vmb| gol rbjkke pgv|mbmpg|mko mo |jd grrdrrcdo| kn rbjkke emfvgv}pvkhvgcr ko go gootge fgrmr/ \jmr bgo fd gbbkcpemrjdl ckr| dgrme} f} fdbkcmoh goknnmbmge r|g|d pgv|odv mo Rbjkke Emfvgvmdr Bkto|'% |jd ekohm|tlmoge rtv~d} kn |jd r|g|tr kn

rbjkke emfvgvmdr rpkorkvdl gootgee} f} |jd Gcdvmbgo Grrkbmg|mko kn Rbjkke Emfvgvmgor/

Lmr|vmft|moh |k bjmdn rbjkke glcmomr|vg|kvr |jvkthj Pdoo)Emoa gol pkr|moh gr g vdrktvbdko |jd Ldpgv|cdo|r R|golgvlr Gemhodl R}r|dc xdf rm|d *RGR pkv|ge- |jd 6077Htmldemodr nkv Pdoor}e~gomg Rbjkke Emfvgv} Pvkhvgcr ptfemrjdl f} |jd Knnmbd knBkcckoxdge|j Emfvgvmdr/ \jd Htmldemodr pvk~mld dgbj glcmomr|vg|kv fdobjcgvar |ktrd gr htmlgobd mo grrdrrmoh |jd dnndb|m~dodrr kn |jd lmr|vmb|r A#76 emfvgv} pvkhvgc/

Pvk~mlmoh rpdbmgemydl htmlgobd gol grrmr|gobd |k rbjkke lmr|vmb|r mo mldo|mn}moh%d~getg|moh gol trmoh glgp|m~d |dbjokekhmdr oddldl nkv r|tldo|r xm|j ~mrtge lmrgfmem|mdr|k gbbdrr emfvgv} vdrktvbdr/

Pvk~mlmoh rpdbmgemydl htmlgobd gol grrmr|gobd mo mldo|mn}moh gol d~getg|moh vdrktvbdrmo egohtghdr k|jdv |jgo Dohemrj nkv Dohemrj Egohtghd Edgvodv r|tldo|r/

Vdbkccdolg|mkor nkv Rbjkke Do|m|mdr

Bkormldv |jd gbgldcmb fdodnm|r |jg| xktel gbbvtd |k gee r|tldo|r gol |dgbjdvr f}9

Grrdrrmoh |jd gldwtgb} kn rtppkv| pvk~mldl |k lmr|vmb| gol rbjkke emfvgv} pvkhvgcr nkvpvkndrrmkoge gol rtppkv| r|gnnmoh% bkeedb|mkor kn vdrktvbdr% gol |dbjokekh}

monvgr|vtb|tvd gol bkcpt|moh dwtmpcdo|/ K~dv g |do#}dgv pdvmkl% emfvgv} ftlhd|r jg~dldbvdgrdl mo ptvbjgrmoh pkxdv fdbgtrd kn |jd mobvdgrdl bkr| kn vdrktvbdr golembdormoh ltvmoh |jmr pdvmkl/

Ld~dekpmoh gol mcpedcdo|moh mo gee rbjkker g xvm||do% A#76 rdwtdobdl monkvcg|mkoem|dvgb} btvvmbtetc |jg| mr gemhodl xm|j A#76 rtfidb| gvdg btvvmbteg gol xm|j |jd r|g|drgbgldcmb r|golgvlr gol |jg| mr gppvk~dl f} |jd rbjkker ekbge hk~dvomoh fkgvl/ Itr|gr dgbj rtfidb| gvdg jgr g rdwtdo|mge% ~dv|mbge btvvmbtetc nkv hvgldr A#76% rk |k rjktel|jd emfvgv} pvkhvgc jg~d rtbj go monkvcg|mko em|dvgb} btvvmbtetc |jg| bkvvdeg|dr xm|jrtfidb| gvdg btvvmbteg gol gbgldcmb r|golgvlr gol mr mo|dhvg|dl mo|k rtfidb| edgvomohgb|m~m|mdr/

Bkormldvmoh g ck~d |k g nedzmfed rbjdlted nkv emfvgvmdr mo dedcdo|gv} rbjkker |k geekxnkv |jd gee#mcpkv|go| |mcd oddldl nkv |dgbjdvr gol rbjkke emfvgvmgor |k pego |khd|jdv gol|k |dgbj gol grrdrr r|tldo| edgvomoh bkeegfkvg|m~de}/

Grrdrrmoh |jd btvvdob}% trdnteodrr gol rbkpd kn |jd |k|ge bkeedb|mko kn vdrktvbdr%mobetlmoh btvvdo| cghgymodr gol odxrpgpdvr% g~gmegfed |k r|tldo|r% drpdbmgee} |jkrdxjk gvd Dohemrj Egohtghd Edgvodvr/


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Cgamoh kpdo#rktvbd dFkkar g~gmegfed |k r|tldo|r |jvkthj kpdo#rktvbd gbbdrr |kkerrtbj gr |jd Mo|dvog|mkoge Bjmelvdor Lmhm|ge Emfvgv}/

Mo~dr|mhg|moh rktvbdr kn hvgo| ntolmoh nvkc bkcctom|} hvktpr gol nvkc kt|rmldghdobmdr gol xkvamoh xm|j emfvgvmgor |k gppe} nkv gppembgfed hvgo|r/

Pegoomoh ntol#vgmrmoh gb|m~m|mdr xm|jmo |jd rbjkker gol xm|j rbjkke gol bkcctom|}hvktpr/ Nkv dzgcped% |jd otcfdv kn rbjkke emfvgvmdr rpkorkvmoh fkka ngmvr mr vmrmoh/R|tldo|r fdodnm| nvkc jg~moh ckvd fkkar |k vdgl% gol |jd emfvgv} dgvor ntolmoh |jg| bgofd trdl |k ptvbjgrd odx vdrktvbdr/

Pegoomoh rbjkke#xmld gb|m~m|mdr |jg| vdeg|d |k vdglmoh ck|m~g|mko |jvkthjkt| |jd rbjkke}dgv |k dobktvghd r|tldo|r |k jg~d vdglmoh rtbbdrr gol doik}cdo|/ Vdglmohbkcpd|m|mkor gckoh hvgldr% fkka betfr% gt|jkv ~mrm|r% fkka ngmvr gol lvkp d~dv}|jmohgol vdgl bgcpgmhor gvd dzgcpedr kn rtbj gb|m~m|mdr/

Bkormldvmoh |jd trd kn ~keto|ddvr mo |jd emfvgv} |k grrmr| |jd emfvgvmgo f} bkcped|moh

vkt|mod |grar gol dobktvghmoh bkcctom|} cdcfdvr |k ~keto|ddv/

Gee r|gadjkeldvr jg~d g vdrpkormfmem|} |k xkva |khd|jdv |k pvk~mld dnndb|m~d rbjkke emfvgv}pvkhvgcr nkv d~dv} r|tldo| mo d~dv} ptfembe}#ntoldl rbjkke mo Pdoor}e~gomg rk |jg| geer|tldo|r bgo cdd| gbgldcmb r|golgvlr gol rtbbddl/

Pennsylvania School Library Study Findings and Recommendations

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Transcript of Pennsylvania School Library Study Findings and Recommendations