Pennsylvania History. Pennsylvania’s briny beginnings If we would dig along the Susquehanna we can...
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Transcript of Pennsylvania History. Pennsylvania’s briny beginnings If we would dig along the Susquehanna we can...
Pennsylvania History
Pennsylvania’s briny beginnings
• If we would dig along the Susquehanna we can find fossils of sea life, 600 feet above sea level.
• There are here because geologists say that this land was under the ocean.
A Susquehannock drawn from description by John Smith
Petroglyphs of Susquehannock Indians
Do Now
Using any river or stream in Pennsylvania as an example, analyze the way in which the river impacts on the surrounding lands. You should consider keeping soil fertile, fishing, transportation. Include disadvantages to populations as well; loss of soil with flooding etc.
Jot down 4 or 5 sentences stating your opinion on lined paper. This will be collected.
PENNSYLVANIA ON THE EVE OF COLONIZATION
• Indians: The First Inhabitants• The life of the Indians reflected Stone Age
backgrounds---tools, weapons, arts & crafts• Some Indians formed confederacies such as
the League of the Five Nations, which was made up of certain New York-Pennsylvania groups of Iroquoian speech.
• The other large linguistic group in Pennsylvania was the Algonquian, represented by the Delawares & Shawnees.
• The Delawares, calling themselves Leni-Lenape or "real men," originally occupied the basin of the Delaware River and were the most important of several tribes that spoke an Algonquian language.
• The Susquehannocks were a powerful Iroquoian-speaking tribe who lived along the Susquehanna in Pennsylvania.
• In the end, they fell victim to new diseases brought by European settlers, and to attacks by Marylanders and by the Iroquois, which destroyed them as a nation by 1675.
• A few descendants were among the Conestoga Indians who were massacred in 1763 in Lancaster County.
Other Tribes, which cannot be identified with certainty, occupied western Pennsylvania before the Europeans arrived, but were eliminated by wars and diseases in the 17th century,( 1600’s) long before the Delawares, Shawnees and Senecas began to move there.
The Eries, a great Iroquoian-speaking tribe, lived along the south shore of Lake Erie, but were wiped out by the Iroquois about 1654
• Under the pressure of white settlement, they began to drift westward to the Wyoming Valley, and finally to eastern Ohio.
• Many of them took the French side in the French and Indian War. (1763)
• During the Revolutionary war, the Indians joined in Pontiac's War, and fought on the British side. (against the Patriots)
• Their descendants now live on reservations in Oklahoma and Ontario.
Arrival of Europeans
• Exploration of Pennsylvania did not begin by Europeans until the mid 1600’s
• First permanent settlement was by the Swedes
• The colony of New Sweden was established within the present borders of Pennsylvania on Tinicum Island. This is close to Philadelphia and a state park is located there today
• Trouble broke out between the Swedes and the Dutch.
• The region was made a part of New Netherlands.
• In 1664, the English seized control.
• The English established laws and civil government in 1676 under the Duke of York.
The British gain control the region.
King Charles II
There were 3 types of British colonies: Royal, Charter and Proprietary.
Charter colonies were given by the king, and some group had the power in that colony.
Royal colonies were ruled directly by the king.
Proprietary colonies were usually given to a single individual, who could do as he pleased, in terms of ruling that colony (PA)
William Penn was given the rights to what is today Pennsylvania
in lieu of the money owed him by the King for gambling debts to his father.
Penn set up his first city in Philadelphia.
Penn offered religious freedom.
Capital punishment was given for only 2 crimesmurder and treason
In England one could earn capital punishment for @ 200 crimes
Many sects were persecuted in European countries Including England
Provincial Government
1701
The Charter of Privileges
The Charter of Privileges
• 1702• Penn wanted his colony
to offer a new type of society.
• Religious Freedom and toleration.
• Political Freedom.
• This stayed in effect until the ratification of the constitution.
The Quakers dealt with many people who were nonconformists, ( protestants in England)accepted them when other religious communities would not accept them.William Penn was a Quaker.
The Quakers in Pennsylvania accepted the Indians as citizens.
The Quakers were the first organized opposition to slavery. they issued a statement to that effect in 1724.
The Quakers would be the most democratic, least strict, and most tolerable and open-minded religious group of colonial America.
They didn't believe in slavery or war, had good relations with the native Americans.
Believed in the freedom of speech of women, and
held meetings that represented the people (democratic).
The Quaker ProvinceWhat kind of colony was Pennsylvania?
How did William Penn acquire the land?
What was his main purpose for staring this settlement?
What do we mean by “Holy Experiment” ?
Review
What is the Greek word for “city of brotherly love” ?
Who were the four walkers?
Who were the witnesses for the tribe?
What were the native customs for such a walk?
Did the Europeans follow those rules?
How many miles did they walk in one day?
Who was the last colonist in the walk and what was his reward?
What did this walk set the stage for in 1755?
Did the Natives forgive Marshall for his role?
What happened to Marshall’s wife in 1756?
The charter remained in effect until 1776
There was a Provincial Governor, Penn or an heirand an assembly to make and administer laws
Another charter called the Great Law guaranteed freedom of conscience( freedom of religion)
http://youtu.be/OK2CkPc5GEs
New Boundaries for Pennsylvania
• After the death of William Penn, his son Thomas became the proprietor of the colony.
• As more Europeans moved to the location, he needed additional land.
• An agreement was made with the Lanape Indians to acquire more land.
• This became known as the “Walking Purchase”
A bloody dispute between the Calvert’s of Maryland and the Penn's of Pennsylvania. led to The survey by Mason and Dixon to situate a border between the colonies
1765. Review of Borders
The line is, in fact, resolved the land dispute between proprietors of Pennsylvania and Maryland when the country was just a collection of British colonies.
http://youtu.be/InSINfURr28
Pennsylvania is bordered ;by New York and Lake Erie to the north. In the south, the Mason-Dixon line which separates Pennsylvania from West Virginia, Maryland, & Delaware.
To the east, the Delaware River serves as the border with New Jersey. Pennsylvania meets Ohio and an arm of West Virginia on the West.
Penn had a good relationship with the Indians
In 1712, William Penn had a Stroke,his wife Hannah ran the colony
His son Thomas Penn became the Governor
He broke the agreements' made with the Indians
The Walking Purchase
