Peiter Cetem

Technical support devoted to

small and artizanal mining clusters in Brazil

8th Annual CASM ConferenceBrasilia, 6 to 12 th Oct. 2008

Mining and Environment in Brazil: Legal Framework, Policy Aspects and Adding Value to Small Scale Mining

Carlos C. Peiter Head of the ASM Clusters Dep.

CETEM/MCT

Basic definitions on ASM Clusters

•Porter (2000) : “ A cluster is a geographically proximate group of companies and associated institutions in a particular field linked by commonalities and complementarities.”

•(idem, 1999). Clusters have special conditions to enhance partnership and raise firms competitive conditions.

•Brazilian Government started to support ASM clusters after having an special expert report on their situation and perspectives (2003).

Supporting ASM Clusters

Background conditions that pushed Federal Government to a new policy towards ASM were:

• A strong commitment of the present government with poverty alleviation and job generation;

•Natural and mineral resources weight considerably for a positive external trade balance;

•Micro and small enterprises are playing an increasing role in the country economy ;

•ASM operations are raising and spread throughout the country but concentrated on less developed regions

ARRANJOS PRODUTIVOS LOCAIS DE BASE MINERAL

Gemas e Jóias - MG#

#

Opala - Região Pedro II - PI

Cerâmica Vermelha – CE

Minerais Industriais – RN-PB

Pedra Sabão – MG

Gemas e Jóias - RS

Gipsita-Gesso - PE

Rocha Ornamental - ES

Gemas e Jóias - Pará

Calcário e Cal - PR

Rocha Ornamental - RJ

Ardósia – MG

Quartzito – MG

Cerâmica Vermelha - GO

Rocha Ornamental - BA

Cerâmica de Revestimento - SP

Cerâmica de Revestimento - SC

Some important artizanal and small mining clusters

Cerâmica Vermelha-AP

Cerâmica Vermelha -TO

Calcários do Cariri - CE

Cerâmica Vermelha - RN

Cerâmica Vermelha - SE

Cerâmica Vermelha - RJ

Quartzito- GO

Talco - PRRocha Ornamental - SP

Cerâmica Vermelha - AC

Areia - SP

Usual ASM clusters problems

Previous diagnosis studies on ASM Clusters (or APL in portuguese) in Brazil show some of the usual ASM problems:

• Complex legal framework and expensive bureaucratic steps to follow

• Use of low cost/rudimentary technologies

• Lack of access to loans

• Low products prices due to poor quality features

• Unfair environmental and health conditions

Geological research (CPRM and State Geol.Agencies)

2- Mining technology (CETEM and partners)

3- Mineral processing (CETEM and partner)

4- ASM legalization procedures (DNPM, State Environ. Agencies and partners)

5- Cooperation between ASMiners in the clusters (SEBRAE, MME and partners)

6- Micro and small entreprises organization (SEBRAE)

Technical support ASM Clusters

CETEM Technical support to ASM Clusters

The Limestone ASM Cluster at Cariri Region, Ceara State •Producers not legally establishedProducers not legally established

•Illegal fossils tradingIllegal fossils trading

•Irregular products, without quality to supply market demandsIrregular products, without quality to supply market demands

•High materialHigh material losses (70%-90%) losses (70%-90%). Accumulated wastes: 1 M m. Accumulated wastes: 1 M m33 – 2,4 M t – 2,4 M t

•Effects: environment, quarries development, security, competitivenessEffects: environment, quarries development, security, competitiveness

Chapada do Araripe is a very well known research site for fossiles


The Limestone ASM Cluster at Cariri Region, Ceara State

Legal Formalization: Legal Formalization:

• ProducersProducers Cooperative Cooperative was was formedformed

• Mining Rights and legal Mining Rights and legal permitspermits

• Compromise to protect Compromise to protect paleontological heritagepaleontological heritage

TTechnological improvementsechnological improvements

Six special new finishing machines Six special new finishing machines will be operated by the will be operated by the CooperativeCooperative





Local industrLocal industriesies partnership: cement and partnership: cement and mortar factories using limestone tailingsmortar factories using limestone tailings

APL - OPALA - PI

MINA BOI MORTO


The Opal ASM Cluster at Pedro II, Piaui State

APL - OPALA - PI

MINA BOI MORTO

Main problems:

• Dangerous areas (tailings dump)

• Low recovery by manual screening

• Low opal selling values





Benchs construction at the tailing dump at Boi Morto mine



Screening using a trommel device


The Natural Stone ASM Cluster at S.A. De Pádua, Rio de Janeiro State


Stone cutting/sewing small plants using high volumes of water and brooks and ponds polution

An inexpensive chemical treatment was developed to

recycle water separating fine solids



New technology: Use of natural

stone fine solids on mortar composition


Mortar plant was built and started up prodcution last june 2008

OBRIGADO !

8th Annual CASM ConferenceBrasilia, 6 to 12 th Oct. 2008

Mining and Environment in Brazil: Legal Framework, Policy Aspects and Adding Value to Small Scale Mining

Peiter Cetem

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