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INTERSOLAR 2010,Innovations and trends

COMPANIES FOR SECTORS

TECHNOLOGICAL CENTERS:Innovation, Cretivity and Excellence

Opportunities of business


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IntersolarMunIch

International Solar and Photovoltaic Technology

Exhibition

Once again this year, the capital of Bavaria will host theInternational Solar and Photovoltaic Technology Exhibition.Intersolar will be held in Munich from 9th to 11th June asone of the major world platforms for the solar industry.More than 1000 exhibitors from 40 countries are expectedthis year which shows the great importance of solartechnology as a future energy source.

Intersolar 2010 is able to attract companies, institutionsand experts from all over the world at the Neue MesseMnchen Messegelnde, its magnificent exhibitioncentre. Around 40,000 trade visitors will benefit from anextensive programme to include conferences, seminarsand workshops in order to receive information on the latest

industry trends and gain technical knowledge.INTERSOLAR also gathers the leading Spanish companiesinterested in the sector. At Spain Energy, we offer theopinions of the Spanish institutions, an analysis of the mostadvanced technology institutes in the country and the mostoutstanding companies in these sectors and industry. Wehave chosen the major companies of the new ecologicaleconomy: The most relevant sectors in innovation,photovoltaic energy and sustainable architecture.

It is useful information for innovative companies as wellas for their executives who must make crucial decisionsover the next few years. Within the European Union, Spainoffers unique quality of life proposals, quality services,

proven engineering, solid solutions and a creative vitality.Welcome to Intersolar 2010

Editors:

MarianoRubio&JosM.Rodriguez

SUMMARY04 Miguel SebastinThe minister of Industry Comerse and Tourism.

Renewable energies and International cooperation

06 Juan LasoPresident of the A E F.

The Photovoltaic Sector in Spain.

07 C. BenvenutiDoctor in Physics.

The SRB evacuated flat solar panel

09 Corp SRB Energy, S.L.High performance thermosolar collector for any kind of use

11 Grupo HeliosolarHeliosolar, Growing in Spain, Italy and France

13 ZigorTechnological innovation to the move closer to the highest efficiency inphotovoltaics by Zigor

15 Energa GijnEnergia Gijn, galvanized supports for renewable energy

17 Grupo Iberelica

19 TEKNIKER-IK4Tekniker-IK4, Technological Excellence in Energy

21 Elena GonzalezGeneral Manager, Energylab

EnergyLab: The Link Between Research and Energy Efficient Applications

23 TECNALIACreative Energy

24 Tecnalia - DYNACARExperimental vehicle Dynacar

25 Cristina HernndezQualit director, Group Fator

27 FATORFATOR: fixings for renewable energies

30 CenerCener - Nationale Renewable energy centre

New testing capabilities for the solar thermal power industry

33 ProtermosolarNew book Solar thermal power: a research success story

34 ASSYCE GROUP

Edita: ADVERTISED. Directores: Jos Manuel Rodriguez y Mariano Rubio.Redaccin, Administracin y Publicidad: Rambla de Guipuzcoa 48, Pta. Bja. 08020 Barcelona, Espaa.

Telfono: 931 635 640. E-mail: [email protected] - [email protected]


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Renewable energy:a tool for internationalcooperation

Spains energy policy is based on three ingredients for the yearsto come: reduced energy consumption, increased energy-useefficiency and a higher rate of renewable energies in our energybasket. A recipe for the future designed to decisively lead the wayto a sustainable and low carbon economy; a formula to confrontthe future of global energy.

The energy scenario has changed dramatically ina very short space of time. Perhaps this frenzy has

prevented us to grasp the depth of these changes.

Spains drive towards renewable energies proves

that in the course of a very short period of time,

we have been able to channel a valid alternative

to fossil fuels. In only two or three years, we have

gone from declaring that renewable energies

were part of the solution to strongly bet on these

technologies because they are the solution.

Concern for environmental preservation and the

fight against climate change have consolidated and

have made a strong impression on world public

opinion. Our future depends on whether we are

able to find global solutions that combine energy,

environment and employment.

Spain leads the world in renewable energies, from

an industrial and consumption standpoint and we

wish to maintain this position. Our country has

made a great effort in combining good business

practices and successful public promotion whichin turn has led to spectacular results. It is not by

chance that several Spanish companies can be

found among sector worldwide champions.

In some technologies we have largely exceeded

the established objective for 2010, as in the case

of photovoltaic solar energy. In addition, high

temperature thermal energy has reached a similar

success and is expected to more than duplicate

2010 objectives. In turn, wind power is already close

to attaining 85% of the objective and is expected

to reach 20,000 MW by the end of next year with

ease.

However, a responsible energy policy should also

include maximizing existing resources among

its priorities. The best way to achieve this is to

boost energy saving and efficient consumption

habits. In our view, saving is another source of

energy, since proportionally it can be compared

to energy production provided by other sources.

We are pleased to confirm that Spains mentality


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is rapidly shifting towards a more reasonable and

efficient energy-use and once again, the role of the

public sector has been decisive. Thanks to plans

of action undertaken by the Government, citizens

are realising the importance of energy saving andare convinced that saving does not imply comfort-

loss.

With regards to efficiency, measures undertaken

have brought about exceedingly good results.

Since 2005, energy intensity figures in Spain have

been steadily improving and in the past five years,

the rate has dropped by approximately 13%. This

result is particularly positive for it coincides with

the period when our economy was growing by

more than 3%.

Miguel Sebastin Minister of Industry, Tourism and Trade

All countries and all governments are responsible for

paving the way towards a more sustainable future.

This will not be attained without collaboration and

dialogue between us all. We need to find common

views as well as valid and long lasting solutionsthat can be shared between nations.

In the past, energy was a reason for war and an

element of confrontation. We should be able to shift

our mentality and heritage so that energy becomes

a reason for peace by means of a worldwide

organisation in which energy is not considered

as an isolated production factor, but rather as a

vehicle which creates new opportunities and jobs,

hand in hand with environmental policies.


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The photovoltaicSector in SpainIn only a few years the Spanish solar photovoltaicindustry has become a worldwide benchmark. Nationalcompanies have strengthened a strategic and indigenoussector that is key to diversify the electrical system andpromote a sustainable economy. The sector in Spain hasaccumulated 23,000 million euros in investment. Almostall this investment was made between 2006 and 2008,a three-year period in which nearly a hundred thousanddirect and indirect jobs were created, while the sectorcontributed to over 0.6% of Gross Domestic Product. At

the end of 2008, 23.1% of global installed power and 21%of investments were concentrated in Spain. It was thesecond European market, the third worldwide, in terms ofinstalled capacity at that time, according to the EuropeanPhotovoltaic Industry Association, EPIA.

The strong growth experienced by the Spanish solarsector in 2008 has made both national and internationalconsolidation possible as well as the immediate andpronounced curve of lowering component prices thathas followed ever since. Since September 2008, withRoyal Decree 1578 coming into effect, which remains inforce today, photovoltaic costs for new investments havealmost halved, and could be reduced by a further 12% inthe remainder of the year. Over the next few years, these

costs could become even less, at double-digit annualrates.

Of the various existing projections, the Ministry ofIndustry itself estimates that the cost of photovoltaicenergy will reach its grid parity (the same cost as forend users) within a maximum of two years and by 2015this cost will be below the cost of the wholesale price

of electricity (called pool). The Ministry even forecastedthat photovoltaic costs would be lower than wind farmcosts in Spain from 2017 onwards.

The pioneering investments made and the acquiredknow-how have enabled companies to undertake amajor Spanish photovoltaic international expansion, withsignificant presence in the United States, Canada, China,Germany, Italy, France, the Czech Republic, Portugal,Bulgaria, Romania, Peru, Chile, Mexico, Morocco,

Algeria, Egypt and Sudan, among many other countries.

Having integrated the value chain of the variouscomponents and producing the three existing technologies(crystalline silicon, thin film and concentration) willsignificantly increase efficiency and international marketshare. The advantage is substantial because the vastmajority of experts are convinced that this energy sourcewill be the determining factor throughout the world in themedium term. Just weeks ago, Nabuo Tanaka, director ofthe World Energy Agency, was convinced that between20% and 25% of the worlds electricity could have a solarsource by 2050.

Internationalisation is a major added value for the

remaining potential of photovoltaic energy that isconsidered suitable as a clean and sustainable energy,which is required to comply with the Kyoto Protocoland any policy committing to sustainability and theenvironment.

Juan LasoPresident of the AEF


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The SRB evacuatedat solar panelA Non Evaporable Getter (NEG) linear pump wasadopted for the first time in the 80s to maintainthe vacuum of a particle accelerator, the LargeElectron Positron collider (LEP) at CERN (theEuropean Organization for Elementary ParticlesResearch, close to Geneva). More than 90% of therequired pumping speed for LEP was supplied byabout 23km of NEG strip subtended all along the

vacuum chamber. This innovative solution wasproposed by C. Benvenuti and rewarded, with hisother contributions to the LEP project, by the 1988European Achievement Prize of the EuropeanPhysical Society.

A further progress of the NEG technology wasproduced a few years later, when the NEG strip wasreplaced by a NEG thin film coating on the internalsurfaces of a vacuum chamber. This solutiondoes not need the space to lodge the pump in thechamber volume and provides a large increase ofthe pumping surface and speed. NEG coatings wereapplied to about 6 km of the vacuum chambers ofthe Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the present CERNlarge accelerator. This innovation was protected bya CERN patent, which was later licensed to differentCompanies. NEG coated chambers are presentlyinstalled in many accelerators worldwide. For thesecontributions to the Getter Technology C. Benvenutiwas honored in 2002 by the attribution of the GaedeLangmuir Award, the most prestigious prize of theAmerican Vacuum Society.

From these historical considerations, the SRBthermal panel, which makes use of VacuumTechnology and NEG pumping, may be seen as aby product of the Accelerator Technologies, showingtheir positive impact on our Society. However, thisview is only partially true. In fact, while the requiredUltra High Vacuum knowledge was a consequenceof the Accelerator needs, C. Benvenuti interest forNEG pumping was initially motivated by the dreamof producing a solar panel able to reach very hightemperatures without using focusing mirrors, whichcannot collect the diffuse component of the solar light.The vacuum, coupled with light absorber selectivity,could drastically reduce the panel thermal losses,

so as to obtain high temperatures even in regions,like Central Europe, where diffuse light is dominant.And to maintain the vacuum inside sealed vessels,Getters are traditionally used.

This dream became reality a few years later, in thelate 70s, when the petrol crisis stimulated manyResearch Institutions to apply their know-how to the

Energy field. As a consequence, in the late 70s somesmall size prototypes were produced at CERN andextensively tested in real environment conditionsfor many years. These prototypes were able toreach a peak stagnation temperature of 350C andshowed that good vacuum could be maintained formany years inside a sealed panel thanks to a sunpowered NEG pump. In spite of these good resultsthe evacuated panel was not publicized, waiting foradequate governmental policies to alleviate the highinitial cost of the solar technologies. When theseconditions materialized, a few years ago, a patentwas submitted by CERN and attracted the interest ofprivate investors. A Company, located on the CERNsite, was created in 2005 for the industrial productionof this panel, which became commercially availablein 2009. The Corp SRB Energy production factory isat Almussafes, close to Valencia (Spain), while theR&D activities are still at CERN.

The SRB panel may be used for all the possible solarapplications, namely the production of domestic hotwater, industrial heat, refrigeration and electricity.Industrial heat at intermediate temperatures inparticular represents an important need and agrowing market for Europe, where the large diffuselight component makes this panel performanceparticularly attractive. The SRB panel could alsobe used to complement fossil fuel or biomass incogeneration thermal power plants, particularly inareas of non ideal solar conditions.

Dr. CristoforoBenvenuti

Doctor in physics and formerdirector of CERN SRB Energy

Chief Technical Officer


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Corp. SRB Energy was born in 2007 to researchand develop a CERN patent of a high performancethermosolar collector, invented by Dr. Benvenuti(doctor in physics and CERN High Management).Actually, first Corp. SRB Energy stock holder is

a Spanish automotive Tier 1 Group (F. SeguraGroup).On the 70s, while Mr. Benvenuti was CERN staff, heinvented a high performance thermosolar collectorthat integrated the accelerator latest and mostadvanced technologies. Actually Mr. Benvenutileads SRB R&D department at Geneva.

It is well known that CERN, the EuropeanOrganization for Nuclear Research, is one of theworlds largest and most respected centres forscientific research. Its business is fundamentalphysics, finding out what the Universe is madeof and how it works. At CERN, the worlds largest

and most complex scientific instruments are usedto study the basic constituents of matter thefundamental particles. By studying what happenswhen these particles collide, physicists learn aboutthe laws of Nature.

SRB Collector is a CERN technologytransfer, that integrates most advancedtechnologies

The instruments used at CERN are particleaccelerators and detectors. Accelerators boostbeams of particles to high energies before they aremade to collide with each other or with stationarytargets. Detectors observe and record the results of

these collisions.

Founded in 1954, the CERN Laboratory sits astridethe FrancoSwiss border near Geneva. It was oneof Europes first joint ventures and now has 20Member States.

The most important technologies transferredfrom CERN that the collector integrates are thefollowing:

Ultra High Vacuum (UHV).The collector is vacuum tightened to 10-9

torr that is a perfect isolation.

Each collector has inside a Getter pumpwhich absorbs any sort of gas inside thecollector. This pump ensures that the vacuumwill last for more than 20 years.

High absortivity and low emissivitytreatment on the absorbers, reaching over92% on absortivity and under 3,5 % onemissivity.

Metal to glass welding has been developed

to reach 10-9 torr.( The technology transfer can be found at CERNweb site:

http://technologytransfer.web.cern.ch/TechnologyTransfer/

en/Applications/solar.html )

After several years investigating the processes andthe collector, on mid 2007 started the constructionof the manufacturing pilot plant which concludedon mid 2008, and from January 2009 the serialmanufacturing has started.

High performancethermosolar collectorfor any kind of use

CORP. SRB ENERGY S. L.


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It is commonly understood that high temperatures onthermosolar energy can only be reached through very highconcentration, and flat collectors are always used in lowtemperature applications because of the low stagnationtemperatures. Parabolic and tower technologies have had asignificant growth during the last years, but SRB has chosen

a different road to reach high temperature which is havinga very good isolation by reaching a 10-9 torr vacuum. Thisquality of vacuum joined to the flat geometry allows thecollector to get also the diffuse light. This boost of energyallows the collector with concentrations never bigger than8:1 reach stagnation temperatures over 450 C.

Also due to the flat geometry of the collector, differentconcentrators have been designed to reach differentstagnation temperatures. It is intended to meet therequirements of temperature and cost of other differentmarkets, than traditional generation of electricity through

turbines or hot water for the domestic use.

SRB can be used on mid temperature applications suchas:

Air conditioning through absorption machines, singleor double effect.

Industrial heating. Any industrial process whichrequires heat.

District heating applications

SRB Collector can be used on heat applicationswere traditional thermosolar technology was notsupposed to be used

Generally speaking with the concentrator number 2 andusing tracking or not (which opens de door to the over roofapplication of the collectors), the collector can be used onany heat demanding application on a range of temperaturesthan any other thermosolar collector can reach.

SUMMARYDoMestIc heatIng(Conf. 1)Countries with low radiation

InDustrIal heatIng (Conf. 2 or 3)-Mid Temperature: 65 - 150 C-Mid - High Temperature: 150 - 200 C-High Temperature: from 200 C

coolIng (Conf. 2)

Single or double effect absorption machines (150 C)COP> 1.4electrIcIty(Conf. 3)Power Plants from 1.4 MW with ORC Turbines or steam turbines

Concentration Factor

Stagnation T C

Tracking

Application T

1 2 3

1:1 2:1 8:1

320 >400 >450

yes yes/not yes

35-120 90-200 200-350


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Authors: Raquel Ferret, Jess M Eguiluz

Technological innovationto move closer to thehighest efciency inphotovoltaics by Zigor.

World solar photovoltaic market continues growingfueled by environmental concerns all around theworld. Now, more than ever, efficiency, cost andreliability become essential features to definitelyboost photovoltaic as a real alternative energysource.

In this leading edge, the challenge of increasingphotovoltaic efficiency needs for innovation, notonly in cells components (to increase the ratio ofelectric power produced by a photovoltaic cell at anyinstant to the power of the sunlight striking the cell),but in the overall photovoltaic farm (to manage theenergy flow minimising losses). And, the PV inverterarchitecture could play here a key role.

One of the difficulties facing efficiency improvementsis that solar radiation is highly variable during theday. Just a few hours a day the solar radiation is

high enough to make inverters run at their optimumlevel. That results in a non-optimum utilisation of theincident solar radiation for many hours a day, andthus in biggest losses, much higher as the numberof inverters increases.

With the aim of maintaining the inverters rack in anoptimum range of voltage and power over the wholeradiation hours, ZIGOR has designed and developan innovative inverter architecture called EFFITPLUS.


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The modular architecture designed by ZIGOR,allows user to optimize MPPT management of thesolar farm as a function of the solar irradiation.EFFIT PLUS let user program both the number ofactive MPPTs and the number if inverters under use

(n x 100 KWp). In such a way, the system is alwaysrunning at maximum yield conditions independentlyon ambient conditions.

EFFIT PLUS is based on a programmable matrixinstalled between the solar farm and the inverters,which is controlled by proprietary software loadedin the Inverter Management System. It matches theDC outputs from PV field with the Inverter DC inputsselecting how many inverters are working at eachstate of solar irradiation, according to handled powerand searching the maximum efficiency workingpoint of the inverters. In addition to this feature,

ZIGOR inverters have the widest range of PowerTracking (MPPT) going from 300Vdc to 700Vdc.

These exceptional characteristics allow improvingthe overall photovoltaic farm efficiency over 3%.

ZIGOR is a leading company in the field of PowerElectronics with an extended background in the

Research and Development activity. As a highlytechnological company, ZIGOR has been working ininnovative electronic solutions for renewable energyduring the last years, especially for photovoltaicenergy inverters and systems.

Based in Spain,ZIGOR is offering the PV MarketState-of-the-Art solutions to make the On-grid SolarPlants get closer to grid parity and the best ROI bylooking for the highest overall efficiency of the SolarSystems.


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Heliosolar.Growing in Spain,Italy and France

Heliosolar is a Spanish company dedicated to the design,construction, promotion and maintenance of Helioparks;photovoltaic plants built in rural areas.

Currently, numerous installations situated in

different parts of Spain can provide 14 Mw. Output

is higher than initially predicted and the plants are

working in a way which guarantees a satisfactory

return on investments.

Last year, Heliosolar initiated its entry into the

Italian photovoltaic market by means of SOGEF,

and Italian company owned by the group. In thisway, it is participating in the tremendous growth

in the photovoltaic solar energy sector in this

country. In fact, Heliosolar is currently developing

projects of more than 150 Mw in different parts

of Italy, concentrating a large proportion of their

installations in the Campania and Puglia regions.

Similarly, Heliosolar is planning to enter the

French market through direct collaboration with

consolidated companies in France.

To facilitate promotion and sale of their installations,

Heliosolar has established firm cooperationagreements with leading solar panel manufacturers

in Europe and China and with European Investment

Funds meaning that they are able to totally

guarantee the viability of functioning projects.

Heliosolar is a dynamic company, managing

the entire value chain relating to photovoltaic

installations: from finding new sites, to technical,

administrative and financial management of

connection to the grid, to design engineering and

construction and to the final sale of the installation.

In order to guarantee turnkey projects, Heliosolar

provides a Heliopark Maintenance Department.

This department, with specialized staff and

technical equipment provides immediate on-line

incident support.

Heliosolars involvement in this energy sectorresults in their active participation in efforts to

reduce the costs of these installations, in order to

make them economically viable with respect to the

cost of energy production: the ultimate goal being

to compete with the market price within a maximum

period of two years. In order to do this, the Group

Technical Office has designed a solar tracking

pivot which increases the production of each panel

by 25%. They have also designed other safety and

control mechanisms which also lead to a reduction

in investment costs.

Heliosolars activities extend to variousrenewable energy production methods.Regarding solar photovoltaic energy, theyinclude fixed structures, single and dual solartracking systems, greenhouses and rooftopsand with respect to Biogas, they includeproduction plants which convert organic wasteinto energy.


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1The photovoltaic sector is expanding all over the world and Heliosolar will be participatingin this growth using its experience, its own teams and the ability to maintain theinstallations for the length of their useful life.

We are a young company where the average age of our staff is 30 years. This gives usa dynamic spirit, able to adapt to the different circumstances of each project and with avocation for growth and expansion which up to now, knows no bounds.

Heliosolar has already become a European group of companies and for this reasonthe need to guarantee exceptional quality is an indispensable requisite for our work.Indeed, our business predictions for 2010 exceed 250 million euros.

David Ochoa. Heliosolar CEO.

The design of a Heliopark right from its initial stages is an added advantage with regardsto increased productivity of the installation. Ground photovoltaic installations should be

totally adapted to the terrain, should guarantee environmental friendliness and shouldfacilitate technical maintenance and safety. This is why we are constantly looking fortechnical innovation and development of our tools.

Engineering and R+D

Our Technology Office has developed new construction methods for Helioparks inorder to reduce investment costs and compete with the market price for the energyproduced.

Susana Lizarraga. Director of Engineering and R+D

Expansion in the wole world


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ENERGIA GIJON, S.L. is a wholly owned companythat was specially created for the engineeringand manufacturing of structural elements forTHERMOSOLAR and PHOTOVOLTAIC Plants.Currently, the Group holds a THERMOSOLARPOWER PLANT order portfolio that is worthapproximately 58.7M.Given this amount, the AGALSA GROUP is the

indisputable leader in the supply of galvanizedmetal structures for this sector.

ENERGIA GIJN began its operations in 2007manufacturing galvanized metal supports forrenewable energy. Throughout these years, thanksto its dedicated commitment to the quality of itsproducts and effective customer service, it hasachieved continuous and sustained growth yearafter year.

With this foundation, it has put together a team ofhighly qualified professionals and a technical andsales network capable of responding to the needsof its customers in all types of sectors.

All of this means that the company has an integratedand systematic concept of quality which makes itpossible to progress towards considering quality as

an objective for the entire organization.

Its visible interest in continuous improvement and itsconcern for the environment and occupational safetyhas given rise to the company making an effort tointegrate the environmental factor and occupationalrisk prevention in its activities by obtainingEnvironmental (ISO 14001:2004) and OccupationalRisk Prevention (OHSAS 18001:2007) certificatesas well as a Quality Assurance certification (ISO9001:2000) in 2008.

ENERGIA GIJN:

galvanized supportsfor renewable energy

Author: Mr. Luis Diaz Molet. Director, Energia Gijn

ENERGIA GIJN, along with Asturiana Galvanizadora, OxizincAgalsa and Gijonesa de Transformados Industriales make upthe Agalsa Group.

It is a company that is dedicated to the engineering andmanufacturing of high precision galvanized metal products.

It is equipped with the most modern cutting and weldingtechnologies.


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The ProcessThe manufacturing process begins with precisioncuts using laser technology. Once the cut is made,

the part is assembled by means of high precisionwelding done at robotic stations. Once the parts arewelded, they are subjected to a quality assuranceprocess that certifies the proper dimensionaladjustment and weld quality.Afterwards, they are stored at our warehouses untilgalvanized.

The purpose of galvanizing is to protect the metalsurface on which the following process is completed.When the part arrives at our hot dip galvanizingcentre, it is reviewed and classified for subsequentintroduction in the production line.

Degreasing, which is the first cleaning step, makesit possible to remove all types of oils and paint onthe part as a result of the manufacturing processesit has undergone.

Later, the part is subjected to acid baths, betterknown as stripping, which leaves the material in avirgin state; in other words, free of surface oxides.

For the next step, the part is submerged in a fluxbath so the zinc coating adheres to the metal.Before submerging the parts in the melted zincbath, they are placed in a drying oven to preventany wet contact with the zinc bath.

Then, it is hot dip galvanized in a 445C melted zincbath.

Once galvanized, the part undergoes a coolingand passivation process. Once the treatment iscomplete, the parts are reviewed, verified andpackaged.

Finally, the logistics team dispatches them.

Asturiana GalvanizadoraAsturiana Galvanizadora, S.L., is a memberof A.T.E.G. and E.G.G.A and also participates

in technical and development commissions thathandle hot dip galvanization and its applications.

It is part of the most important galvanizing group inSpain and one of the largest in Europe.

Its management system is ISO 9001 (Quality) andISO 14001 (Environment) certified and fulfils therequirements of OSHAS 18001 (Occupational RiskPrevention). Its Quality Assurance system has beencertified since 1995 and its Environmental and RiskPrevention systems since 2004.Asturiana Galvanizadora is dedicated to the hot

dip galvanization of all types of steel and cast ironparts.Oxizinc SLU manufactures zinc oxide.Gijonesa de Transformados Industrialesmanufactures metal grids.

AGALSA is located in the Lloreda TremaesIndustrial Area in the city of Gijn, Principality ofAsturias (Spain). It occupies a total surface areaof 88,000 square metres, 20,000 of which areoccupied by the galvanizing plant; 400 squaremetres are offices and the rest is used to storefinished products and raw materials.


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Grupo Iberelica

Madrid-based Grupo Iberelica is a technical business groupfocused on the development of renewable energies since itscreation in the mid nineteen-nineties. Its significant growthover these years has been based on large-scale investment

efforts derived from its partners firm commitment to renewableenergies, providing the group with strong assets and placingGrupo Iberelica as an undisputed benchmark amongindependent companies within the renewable energies sector. The company seeks and achieves clean energy throughnatural resources such as wind. Its technical department ratesamong the best in Spain.

Awarded As Promoter Of The Year 2007By Euromoney & Ernstst&Young Renewable Energy Awardsds.

The work of Iberelica focuses on the development,design, engineering, construction and exploitationof renewable energy farms.

It has three main areas of activity:

Hydraulic Power: In 1996, the Group developedtwo hydraulic power centres in Lubin (Zamora)with an installed power capacity of 1.6MW, currentlystill in operation.

Wind Power: As from 1998, the Group decided toenter the wind power business, making its first windmeasurements with its own meteorological towers

for the subsequent application for wind powerconcessions for their development, constructionand exploitation. Currently Iberelica has 200 MWof wind power in operation within Spain and has aportfolio of more than 1,000 MW in an advancedproject phase for their future construction, as wellas 46 MW in construction across two wind farms.

Solar Thermal Power: Since 2005, GrupoIberelica, through the company Iberelica Solar SLand subsidiary companies, made the firm decision

to commit to solar thermal power. It has projects formore than 20 thermal solar plants of 50MW each,has obtained 10 administrative authorisations as wellas advanced allocation for several of them withinthe first registry of advanced allocation establishedrecently by the Spanish Ministry for Industry. Ithas started building works on two of them, makingGrupo Iberelica reach a prominent position amongthe industrys main companies.


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Figures and marketCurrently, the companys investment plancontemplates an annual investment of close to 600million Euros, 500 million destined to solar thermalpower and 100 million destined to wind power, witha total of 1.8 billion Euros for 2010-2012.

Despite having carried out to date all its activitieswithin Spanish territory, the company is focusing itsfuture growth strategy on wind power, and lookingto other European countries, mainly France andEastern countries.

As to its solar thermal business, the great numberof successful projects to date will offer the companycontinuity and consolidation within this industry inthe Spanish market.

Main technologicallandmarks:

In 1998 the company put into operation its first1.6 MW of hydraulic power.

In 2003 it signed a Framework Agreement withGamesa for the purchase of wind generatorsfor a total power of 436 MW.

In 2004 the group went on to have an additional103 MW of wind power in operation.

In 2009 the figure for installed wind powerreached 200 MW.

In 2009 the necessary administrativeauthorisations were obtained for 10 solarthermal plants in Andalusia and Extremadura.


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Tekniker - IK4,TechnologicalExcellence in Energy

The Centres offer in this field ranges from windto solar sectors, with special emphasis on energystorage technologies. Here are some of its principalcapacities.

In the wind energy sector, Tekniker-IK4 has over15 years experience in connection with the design,monitoring and maintenance of high-power windturbines. Related jobs have included the productionof mechatronic simulation models (mechanics andcontrol) and the development of advanced bladecontrol algorithms for wind turbine manufacturers.On the other hand, the Eibar-based technologicalcentre has developed bio-lubricants for the systemsmechanical elements and has acquired a vastexperience in applied tribolubrication throughprojects and services for important wind farmoperators. Such projects include field and on-linemonitoring and instrumentation of lubricants, inaddition to advanced maintenance strategies basedon remaining useful life prediction.

With regard to the solar energy sector, developmentsby Tekniker-IK4 affect diverse technologies andfields of application. In this respect, apart fromsolar thermal system simulation, Tekniker-IK4 hasembarked upon various activities important forthe development of new-generation photovoltaicsystems. They include developing CIGS absorbingcoatings with the Sputtering process, transparentconductive Oxide coatings (front contacts) using thePVD method for amorphous silicon solar cells, and

developing the laser scribing process for amorphoussilicon cells and CIGS cells.

Specially noteworthy however and above all are thedevelopments for the concentration solar energysector carried out over the last five years, namely:

As a reference technological centre, Tekniker-IK4 brings multiplesectors a varied, horizontally applicable technological offer. Theenergy sector has therefore seen Tekniker-IK4 as a technological

supplier capable of undertaking multidisciplinary projects andproposing integral solutions to its specific problems.


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High-precision tracking systems

New materials and encapsulation systemsfor thermal storage

Improving assembly systems and geometriccharacterisation of large concentrators

Wireless heliostat and collector controlsystems for solar thermal plants

Developing specific production systems forthe sector (e.g. coating chambers).

Moreover, Tekniker-IK4 intensely works on differentenergy storage technologies. Specifically onthose related to kinetic and thermal storage. Asa matter of fact, Tekniker-IK4 leads the SpanishSingular Strategic Project, developing high-capacitymagnetically suspended flywheels for transport andconstruction applications as well as for use in gridstability or emergency power generation.

Regarding thermal storage over varying temperatureranges, Tekniker-IK4 works on the development ofstrong and highly thermal conductive encapsulationsfor Phase Change Materials (PCMs) as well as their

chemical bonding to polymer substrates that willavoid encapsulation.

In short, Tekniker-IK4 offers excellent researchin different energy sectors, which makes it anideal partner for companies that carry out theirbusiness activity in this area.

Developing surface functionalization(selective, anti-reflective and self-cleaningcoatings deposited using PVD or SolGeltechniques), for solar applications

Degradation analysis and developmentof heat transfer fluids for concentration solarplants

Developing advanced components andtracking sensors

External combustion engines for dish-stirling applications

Alejandro BengoaTekniker-IK4 General Manager


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EnergyLab: The LinkBetween Research andEnergy Efcient Applications

EnergyLab, Energy Sustainability and Efficiency Technology Centre is a

private, non-profit foundation which aims to identify, develop, promote anddisseminate technologies, processes, products and consumer habits thatenable improved energy efficiency and sustainability in industry, construction,transport and society in general.

EnergyLabs commitment to technology is focused on applied researchand demonstrating technologies in the field of energy efficiency so as toaccelerate the introduction of more efficient solutions on the market.

The objective of EnergyLab is to be a centre of international referencethat specializes in driving energy efficiency and sustainability in industry,construction, society and transport with a capacity to guide, coordinateand lead innovative projects with an outstanding impact on society, theeconomy and the environment.

PROJECTS WE ARE WORKING ON

Hole at a geothermalinstallation (Universityof Vigo Central Library)

Monitoring theMagoteaux Mill at theHanson Aggregates Plant.

Geothermal heat pump atthe Baiona Nursery School(Pontevedra)

Nigrn Nursery School


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WhatarethegeneralcharacterIstIcsofenergylab?

EnergyLab is an Energy Sustainability and EfficiencyTechnology Centre. It was constituted as a privatefoundation and thus, non-profit. And it is directed by aBoard of Trustees currently with 15 trustees includingcompanies, public administrations and universities. Thefundamental aim is to be a business-oriented centre and;therefore, the largest number of trustees will always befrom the business world.The main objective of EnergyLab is to search for newtechnologies that provide energy efficiency, contrast theireffectiveness and introduce them in production processes.We are going to make it so that EnergyLab becomes acentre of reference on energy efficiency and sustainability.It could be of very practical assistance to companies bothfrom a technical as well as an economic perspective.

hoWareItsprIncIpalactIvItIesDefIneD?

At EnergyLab, we have defined the activities we are goingto carry out. The logical work sequence begins with thearea that well call technological surveillance. In this area,we try to discover and remain in contact with base researchcentres that are developing new technologies. And wemonitor the level of maturity of these new technologies.You could say its like were the companies eyes and earsbringing them potential technologies. For example, theresbeen a lot of talk lately of OLED (Organic Light-EmittingDiode) and; therefore, its necessary to know if somethinginteresting is going to come out of this technology, whatlevel of maturity it is at and watch for its applications onthe market.

soyouranalysesareaIMeDatspecIfIcapplIcatIons?

Exactly. The second area is what we call applied research.Its one way to say that we are not going to invent anything- thats what the base laboratories are for; but rather whatwere going to do is when weve found a technology thatmay reduce the use of energy, verify that were in thosesavings ranges and see what processes it can apply to.This way, if we find a new technology that provides, forexample, 50 percent energy savings in a given area, wefirst verify this. Its a way to facilitate the introduction oftechnology because normally the end user a company doesnt know about it and doesnt know how it could best

apply the technology. That is the gap we fill.Many companies are in favour of introducing newprocesses because they understand that this will bringabout improvements, especially as far as costs. But,often the core of their business is not dedicated to energyefficiency because they are in the fashion, food, automotiveor another sector and dont have specific departments thatsearch for energy efficiency. Therefore, finding a centrethat will inform them with guarantees is fundamental.

but, theInstallatIonDepenDsoncoMprehensIvetraInIng.

In the end, that is our fundamental objective. Everythingwe do is aimed at our final objective which is to disseminateand provide training on these technologies so that theyare understood and there is an understanding for whateach technology can provide. Training is fundamentalbecause professionals with guarantees are needed. Ithappens sometimes that a good technology with poorinstallers becomes poor technology. We want to introducethe technology with a savings guarantee, but also withan implementation and maintenance guarantee. That isthe objective of EnergyLab: to be the link between baseresearch and the implementation. Accelerating theprocess with guarantees.

hoWIsthecentrestructureD?

The centre has been conceived as a base structure withseveral researchers and to also work with a broad networkof collaborators. Each time we work with new technologies,we arent going to put together our own laboratory. Luckily,there are many, well-equipped laboratories in Spain. Andwe have close ties with many of them.

Elena Gonzlez SnchezManaging Director of EnergyLab


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Creative Energy TECNALIA is a private, applied research centre of internationalprestige with a great impact on local industry, making it an attractivepole for people and organisations. It is the largest private Research,Development and Innovation (R+D+i) group in Spain and one ofthe top five in Europe with a staff of more than 1200 and turnoverof approximately 110 million euros.

The TECNALIA Energy Unit develops renewableenergy and sustainable energy vector technology

assets for the new equipment used by sector

companies.

Wind EnErgyNew topologies for high-power off-shore generators.

Superconductive materials. Power converters,

advanced topologies, new electronic power

devices.

Hydrodynamic and structural analyses for off-shore

wind turbines.

Marine park models and their integration in theelectricity grid.

Solar EnErgyInverter-based distributed architecture.

Monitoring and predictive maintenance.

Hybrid and organic cells. New semi-conductors

using ionic liquids.

Architectural integration of PV elements.

Highly select coatings and storage materials for

solar thermoelectricity.

BioEnErgyOrganic materials and waste: Formulation and

characterisation of secondary fuels.

Transformation processes for biomass:

Thermal and chemical processes.

Hydrogen production: gas decomposition, catalytic

processes, purification, sub products.

Polymer and metal membranes to separate gases.

rEnEWaBlEmarinEEnErgyResource analyses and environmental impact

studies.

Hydrodynamic and structural analyses of floating

platforms.

Anchor system designs.

Wave energy captor models for yield and grid impact

analyses.

Electrical energy evacuation systems design.

Marine energy park design and engineering.

SmartElEctricgridSAdvanced power system architectures: micro-gridsfor buildings and neighbourhoods.

Electricity Demand Management.

High-power converters for grid connection based on

new components.

Electrical mobility, infrastructures for electric

vehicles, V2G.

EnErgyStoragEStorage device converters and control.

Large scale energy storage for the distribution

network.

Materials and manufacturing processes for PEM

fuel cell components.

tEchnologicalSErvicESElectrical equipment certification and testing.

EMC and telecommunications certification and

testing.

Field diagnostics and predictive maintenance.

Field HV cable testing.

Supplier qualifications. Technical consulting.


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2

Products and Developments

aluminiumprotEctionAnodic coatings with polyaniline and metal oxide

nanoparticles to protect the aluminium alloy

2024T3.

ImpactImproved aluminium alloys in structural applications

(energy, construction, aeronautics ).

micro-grid managErA smart system that governs different generation,

storage and consumption sources in a coordinated,

autonomous manner.

ImpactMakes it possible to bring renewable generation closer

to consumption points, facilitating the penetration of

green energy and minimizing losses by improving

the manageability of the electricity system.

SupErturBinESSuperconductor based wind turbines

ImpactReduced size and weight of the large wind machines

facilitating their installation and operation at off-

shore parks.

gEniuSPhotovoltaic distributed architectureImpactDistributed electronics which allows for improved

efficiency of photovoltaic installations on buildings

of up to 30%.


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EXPERIMENTAL CAR HAS AUTONOMY OF 70 KILOMETRES AND STORAGE CAPACITY OF 15 KWH

TECNALIA presents electric vehicle that reaches140 km/hour in 10 seconds

The TECNALIA Technological Corporation haspresented its experimental vehicle -Dynacar-,

a totally electric car that can reach a speed of140 kilometres per hour in 10 seconds. Thepresentation took place at the International EcoFriendly Vehicle & Sustainable Mobility Show inMadrid, held between the 20th and 23rd of May.

Although it is a totally electric vehicle, Dynacar

takes on board the possibility of integrating range

extension concepts, i.e. a battery or small internal

combustion engine that will enable the car battery to

be supplied with energy in a supplementary mode.

The car is a two-seater and has a complete instrument

panel to validate systems relative to longitudinal and

lateral dynamics. It uses a single-shell, high-rigidity

lightweight chassis of steel and aluminium alloy, with

an adjustable deformable parallelogram suspension

system for the four wheels.

The vehicle has a peak power of 100 kW provided

by a permanent magnet synchronous electric motor,

a total weight of 700 kg and an energy storage

capacity of 15 kWh.

Acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h is estimated to

be under 5.7 seconds, the optimum management

of traction control being critical. The peak speed isapproximately 140 km/h, reaching this figure in 10

seconds. Autonomy in an urban cycle is some 70

kilometres; an appropriate distance for the purpose

of the experimental vehicle, according to those

responsible at TECNALIA.

The vehicle will be adapted to run on the open

road, but its main application is to act as a research

platform for new concepts in high-powered electric

traction, as well as active systems that enable

maximum advantage to be taken of new propulsionsystems, such as boost vectorisation or the concepts

of distributed traction by means of incorporating in-

wheel motors, regenerative braking, etc.

The researchers who have devised Dynacar state

that the electrification of road transport is one of the

priorities of the research, given that the dependence

on fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect has focused

everyones attention on the traditional concept of

transport based on vehicles with conventional motor

drive.

Over the past five years the TECNALIA Corporation

has been undertaking research into advanced

configuration tools and the virtual evaluation of

vehicles, in order to develop new solutions for electric

and hybrid vehicles. Dynacar will be used to check

the hypotheses used with high performance electric

and hybrid vehicles and to develop new concepts

for vehicles of the future.


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2

The Denitive Incorporation of Direct TensionIndicators (DTIs) in the European Market

Cristina Hernndez Martnez

aneWeuropeanstanDarDforDtIen 14399-9

Recently, Direct Tension Indicators (DTIs) were includedin the Spanish Technical Building Code (CTE) as one ofthe methods proposed for guaranteeing the tension in pretensioned (friction grip) bolted connections.

Additionally, DTIs were included in the group of standardspertaining to the European standard EN 14399-1for structural bolts, for pre tensioned or friction gripconnections, which implies an EC marking for this type ofproduct.

Despite the fact that their use has been required on bridgesin most States in the US for many years now, in Europethey have not been included as a method for guaranteeingtension, apart from just using torque tables, until the end

of last year.

The use of DTIs and their inclusion in European standardsprovides the market with homogeneity and solves theinconvenience of calculating the friction coefficient of boltsin connections. This coefficient changes as tighteningproceeds, thus resulting in insufficient bolt tensions (fromthe use of insufficient torque applied) and consequentconnection loosening, which can contribute to jointbreakage due to fatigue.

neWgeneratIonofDIrecttensIonInDIcators

A Direct Tension Indicator is a washer-shaped steel devicewith protrusions on one side and corresponding pockets

on the opposite side.

DTIs have been used for over 35 years as a way toguarantee the minimum specified tension of high-strengthbolts - mainly in metal structures- but they have also beenadopted in petrochemical and automotive industries, andare currently used in windmill structures providing windenergy.

The most common method for installing a DTI is toplace it under the bolt head with the protrusions againstthe underside of the bolt head. Prior to tightening, thereis a space between the dome shaped protrusions. Ascompressive force is induced, by rotating the nut, theprotrusions flatten. When the protrusions are flat and the

height of the space between them and the bolt head hasdecreased to the minimum residual space or gap specified(0.40 mm), the design tension for the bolt will have beenobtained with precision. Tension is the objective, notapplied torque.

aDvantagesofaneWDesIgn

There are other types of DTIs on the market, but there isone in particular whose design provides more advantagesthan all the others.This new designs major feature is curved protrusions thatbrings them closer to the inside diameter of the DTI.

This design gives the DTI the following advantages:

Greater precision. It is almost ten times more precisethan the previous straight protrusion design due tothe protrusion curvature. The pressure variation whencalibrated at a constant residual space is 1%

The tolerance is limited to the maximum internaldiameter within which the curved protrusions may belocated. Unlike all the other straight protrusion designs,the result is a perfect fit of the protrusions on the undersideof the bolt head

Another advantage is that the protrusions can beflattened practically to the maximum, and the bolt will nothave entered into its plastic zone. This is because thepocket volume on the opposite side of the DTI is largerthan the mass of material forming the protrusion above it.

Thanks to protrusion curvature, lubricants, oils, rust anddirt cannot change protrusion resistance. Unlike DTIs withstraight protrusions which yield higher or lower resistanceto pressure due to the effects of external agents.

Curved protrusions make it possible to install a DTIunder a nut, facing the nut face, without needing to add astandard washer.

The structural resistance of curved protrusion geometryis greater than that of the old straight protrusion design.

Director of Qual ity, FATOR Group


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The FATOR Group includes Tornillera IndustrialSA, Indutor SA, Fator National Bolts SL, TornilleraIndustrial China RPO and TI Metal Forgings Sdn.Bhd.

The group relies on a highly qualified team and oftencollaborates with prestigious engineering firms andstructural estimators in the renewable energy sectorwhere their components are becoming ever morerelevant all the time.

FATOR has one fundamental characteristic: itscustomer-oriented service with a personalizedtechnical and commercial service that takescare of specific needs.

They are currently developing specific productsthat are being used more and more in theconstruction of wind parks, and in the world ofrenewable energies in general.

The group offers more than 8000 standard andspecial product references permanently availablein stock. Among other elements, it produces hexhead cap screws, hex key screws, metal screws,nuts and washers as well as clamps, pins andU-bolts.The company was founded in 1979 as TornilleraIndustrial SA by Mr. Albino Garca and since then,it has experienced significant growth.

Tornillera Industrial was born out of the will toprovide solutions for the complex demands of thevarious industrial sectors where each constructionproject requires exhaustive knowledge of all typesof technical possibilities as well as adaptation tothe standard requirements of each job. This workis completed with the rigour and effectiveness of agroup that is already a leading world manufacturerand supplier of screws, nuts, washers and specialhigh-strength fixings.

FATOR: xings forrenewable energiesFATOR is a group of companies that specialises in the manufacturingand marketing of metal fixings for industrial construction projects.


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2

All of this has been done through cooperationamong its human resources, collaborators andthe market to achieve a reliable and efficientservice so as to guarantee its clients completesatisfaction. Quality is the highest objective and inorder to achieve it, the FATOR Group has its ownlaboratories which are equipped to conduct all thetests necessary for the certification of the productsit manufactures or markets as well as specialisedtechnicians who control all of its own manufacturingphases as well as those that are subcontracted out.In addition, the Group works with Applus to controlthe manufacturing process and quality of all rawmaterials.

FATOR products are EC approved for high-strengthbolts as per standard EN 14399, AFNOR NFapproved for metal safety barriers as per standardNF P98-412, and AENOR N approved for metalsafety barriers as per standard UNE 135222.

Logistics is fundamental and FATOR operatesmodern automatic warehouses that allow it tomanage an average stock of nearly 6,000 TN ofproducts with more than 8,000 pallets. This is donewith the support of a powerful computer systemwhich makes it possible to ship client orders

quickly.

Its fixings are used to build skyscrapers, steelbridges, industrial buildings and metal structures ingeneral. They can also be used for very differenttypes of projects from tunnels to water treatmentfacilities. One special field it works in is transport:railways, aerial overhead power cables, metalsafety barriers and signage.


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New testingcapabilities for the solarthermal power industry

With ten Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSTP) plants alreadyin operation totaling 382.4 MWe installed power, another 16 powerplants in an advanced stage of construction totaling 718 MWe and34 more projects already preassigned, totaling 1,372 MWe, Spainis today a worldwide leader in solar thermal power.This leadership is fostering the development of an important solarthermal industry, which was nonexistent just a few years ago.

Cener and the solar

thermal power industrySince its creation in 2006, the National RenewableEnergy Centre (CENER) Solar Thermal EnergyDepartment has been actively cooperating withthis national and international industry, assisting it,among many other things, with:

Defining and developing commercial solarthermal power projects.

Establishing priorities and strategies forresearch, development and demonstration.

Developing technological system andcomponent improvements and new concepts.

Progress in developing system, subsystemand component testing and evaluation standards,procedures and technologies.

Relevant fruit of this cooperation is the largenumber of solar thermal power projects in whichthe CENER Solar Thermal Energy Department isactively participating. This participation ranges frommeteorological monitoring and characterization ofprospective sites, energy simulation, dimensioningand optimization of CSTP plant systems to

LOURDES RAMIREZ, ENRIC MATEO, ALBERTO GARCA DE JALNSolar Thermal Energy DepartmentNational Renewable Energy Centre (CENER)

feasibility studies and technical audits. The growingnumber of technology assessment and technologyprospective studies the Department is carrying out,

or collaborating in, is also worth mentioning.

Testing capabilities inthe area of solar thermal

power technologiesOne area the CENER Solar Thermal EnergyDepartment is giving special attention and investinga strong effort in is component measurement andcharacterization.

Since 2008, in its Solar Thermal Test Laboratory

(LEST), it has been developing the followingcapabilities and lines of work in this field:

High and medium-temperature solarsystem and component testing laboratory.Located in Noain, Navarra, this laboratory consistsof two test beds, one for thermal characterizationand the other for optical characterization of thesolar receiver tubes used in parabolic-troughcollectors (PTC) for converting the concentrated


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2

solar energy into enthalpy (thermal energy)of a working fluid. This evaluation is of crucialimportance for quality control and improving thedesign of this key PTC technology component.The thermal characterization bed enables the

characteristic thermal loss per unit tube lengthcurve to be found. The test bed can also makethermographic studies of PTC receiver tubesor other components up to a temperature of1500C.The optical characterization bed allows spectralmeasurement of the solar transmittance ofglass (glass) and solar spectral reflectanceof the absorber (abs()) of the PTC receivertubes, along the whole range of solar spectrumwavelengths (300-2500 nm). Measurementsare made automatically in different positionsalong the receiver tube to check that the optical

properties are maintained from one point toanother along it.

Rotating parabolic-trough collectormodule test platform. This test platform, whichCENERs Solar Thermal Energy Departmentis developing for the Advanced RenewableEnergy Technology Center (CTAER) and inclose cooperation with it, will enable geometricand optical characterization of the whole PTCparabolic concentrator-receiver tube moduleand accelerated experimental measurementof its incident angle modifier, that is, of thedependence of thermal performance of the

PTC modules on the angle of incidence of thedirect component of solar radiation. Located inTabernas, Almera, this infrastructure will providethe industry with new and innovative testingcapabilities.

Development of concentrating mirrortest procedures: These developments includespectral reflectivity characterization tests,durability and accelerated ageing tests inweathering chambers, geometry characterizationand its influence on the optical behavior ofthe mirrors using photogrammetry and lasertracking techniques.

Obviously, all the lines of work mentioned above arecomplementary and acquire complete sense withthe CENER Solar Thermal Energy Departmentsactive participation as a member of the AENORAEN/CTN206/SC standardization subcommitteeSolar Thermal Power Systems, in whose recentcreation by the AENOR CTN206 Power ProductionCommittee the CENER Solar Thermal EnergyDepartment played a very active role.

The solar thermal testinglaboratory (lest)

The testing capabilities for the solar thermal industry

described above, are in addition to the alreadyexisting consolidated capabilities of the CENERSolar Thermal Energy Departments Solar ThermalTesting Laboratory (LEST), and therefore arenourished by the laboratory staffs long experience instandardization and certification activities including,among others, the following:

Participation in national (AENOR: CTN94and CTC78), European (CEN TC312) andworldwide (ISO TC180) solar thermal energystandardization technical committees.

Participation as a reference testing

laboratory in the Solar Keymark Network ofcertifiers and manufacturer associations forthe development and maintenance of a productquality seal for solar thermal collectors andcompact systems.

Participation in Task 43 of the InternationalEnergy Agency (IEA) Solar Heating andCooling Program (SHC), the purpose of whichis to develop new testing and characterizationmethodologies for emerging technologies insolar thermal systems and components.

Participation in the European QAiST Project,under the European Commissions Intelligent

Energy Europe Program, the purpose of which isto develop new quality assurance methodologiesfor solar thermal and solar cooling systems.

In addition to the medium and high-temperaturesolar system and component testing laboratory, theLEST includes the following laboratories:

Solar collector test laboratory. Thislaboratory characterizes low-temperature solarthermal collectors according to the EuropeanUNE-EN 12975-2:2006 Standard, and canmake outdoor tests and indoor tests with a solar

simulator. To date, it has made over 500 collectorperformance and durability tests.Among the new capabilities with which it hasrecently been provided, it should be mentionedthat in January 2010, the LEST was accreditedby the American Solar Rating & CertificationCorporation (SRCC) to test solar collectors forthat market under the US standard (Standard OG-100). By virtue of this accreditation, the LEST hasbecome one of the seven European laboratoriesofficially accredited for testing under


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the US standard. Of the rest of the laboratories,five are German and one is Swiss.

Prefabricated systems laboratory.CENERs Solar Thermal Energy Departmentmakes prefabricated and compact solar thermal

system performance and durability testsaccording to the European UNE-EN 12976Standard in this laboratory, located in Seville,currently the only Spanish laboratory accreditedby the ENAC for carrying out this type of test.Very recently, the scope of the laboratorysaccreditation was widened to testing with thedynamic stress test (DST) according to theISO 9459-5 Standard. Testing of prefabricatedsystems following this method makes it possiblefor manufacturers to benefit from the familyconcept, which allows results of performance anddurability tests on one or maximum two system

configurations to be extrapolated to the rest ofthe system configurations in the same family.

Pyranometer calibration laboratory. Achallenge for the coming months is to acquireENAC accreditation for pyranometer calibrationby comparison to a reference pyranometerunder the ISO 9847 Standard. Calibration isdone by testing outside in the CENER SolarThermal Energy Departments Baseline SurfaceRadiation Network (BSRN) radiometric station inSarriguren (Pamplona).

ConclusionsBetter characterization of the key components ofsolar thermal energy conversion technologies for

power production will lead to the improvement oftheir performance, increase their reliability, andcontribute to the improvement of solar thermalpower technologies, lowering its costs in the mid-to-long term.

The efforts that Spanish research centers ofinternational renown, such as the NationalRenewable Energy Centre are making to developcomponent testing and characterization capabilities,as well as modeling, development and design ofnew system concepts, is justified in the context ofthe Spanish commitment to renewable energies in

general and solar thermal power in particular, andare directed at contributing to consolidating theposition of leadership of the Spanish industry in thisfield.

Equipment for measurement and calibration of radiometric instruments

Collectors exposed for durabily and reliability testing

Detail of thermographic measurement testing

Solar simulator and cold sky in so lar collector interior performance and durability tets

Parabolic-trough collector recelver tube thermal characterizacion test bed

Solar collector thermal performance test bed

Instrumentation for measurement of incident short-wave and long-wave solar radiation


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3

New book

Solar thermal power:

a research success storypresented in Valencia Coordinated by Valeriano Ruiz, President of Protermosolar, the

work finds support in testimonies of 14 authors who made it possiblefor Spain to lead solar thermal technology

The work includes presentations of the President Jos Luis

Rodrguez Zapatero, the presidents and Energy advisors of Andaluca,Castilla La Mancha and Extremadura, as well as the Secretary ofState for Energy, Pedro Luis Marn Uribe

Protermosolar edits this publication in cooperation with CTAERand sponsored by the University of Seville and the CIEMAT

The second session of the Mediterranean SolarPlan Conferences which are taking place in Valenciahoused the presentation of the book Solar thermal

power: a research success story.

Throughout the view of 14 authors from academicand scientific areas and under coordination ofValeriano Ruiz, President of Protermosolar, thisdocument gathers the beginning of solar termalpower in Spain as well as the latest advances in R&Dsince the last 30 years, which made it possible forSpain to become world leader in this technology.

The content of this publication goes through thehistory of solar thermal power in Spain and in therest of the world. At the same time, it raises how this

technology received a boost at the late 70s and howSpain succeeded in extending its research whilemost countries abandoned.

Concerning the spanish technological leadership,the book highlights the role of the Solar Platformof Almera. These facilites are considered today asa worldwide reference in the development of solarthermal technology. Besides, the work describesthe way important barriers and sceptical opinionshave been overcome, and mentions the keys that

explain why this renewable technology will play astrategic role in the future energy distribution.

Together with this book, it is also edited adocummentary video enriched with valuabletestimonies related to solar thermal industry thesedays.

This work, edited by Protermosolar, was created incooperation with the CTAER (Advanced TechnologicCenter of Renewable Energies of Andaluca) andthanks to the sponsorship of the University ofSeville and the CIEMAT (Energy, Environmentaland Technological Research Center).Along with Valeriano Ruiz, 14 authors have taken

part in the book, which boosts of presentations ofdistinguished people like the President of the SpanishGovernment, Jos Luis Rodriguez Zapatero, theSecretary of the State for Energy, Pedro Luis MarnUribe, or the Director of CIEMAT, Cayetano LpezMartnez.

Valeriano Ruiz, coordinator of the book, claimsthat this book attempts to recognise the work andaspirations of everyone who relied on this technologysince the very beginning, as well as provide valuable

madrid, 11thmay 2010.


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and recent information about a power generationsystem which is taking off and already started itsexpansion.Nowadays, Spain holds 10 plants in operations, and

is the country with the highest solar thermal powerinstalled (382MW). Works have started for other 16plants, and there exist another 34 plants inscribedin the preasignation register foreseen for 2013.Therefore, by that year, there will be 60 termosolarplants working in Spain.

Autonomous Communities of Andaluca, Castilla-LaMancha and Extremadura have participated in thewriting too, including presentations of their respectivepresidents and Industry and Energy advisors. Asalso did academics like the Vice.Chancellor of theUniversity of Seville, Joaqun Luque Rodrguez.

About the authorsruiz hErnndEz, valEriano (coordinator)Doctor in Physics at University of Seville; Cathedraticof Termodinamic at Energy Engineering Departmentof the University of Seville and coordinator of theTermodicamic and Renewable Energies researchgroup. President of the Foundation RenewableEnergies Advanced Tecnological Center (CTAER)and of the Asociation Protermosolar (companiesof the solar sector of high temperature). Member ofthe National Council of Climate and the Academy of

Science and Tecnics Hassan II in Morocco.

Blanco muriEl, manuElDoctor in Industrial Engineering at University ofSeville and Doctor in Applied Physics at Universityof Masachusetts. Born in 1960, he has researchedRenewable Energies for 27 years and speciallytermosolar technologies. He earns great experienceon managing investigation gropus. Among otherresponsibility posts, he has worked as Director ofSolar Platform of Almera for five years and Professorand Director of the Engineering Department ofTexas University at Brownsville during other five

years. Nowadays, he is Director of the SolarThermal Energy Department at the National Centreof rtenewable Energies.

Blanco glvEz, JulinIndustrial Engineer at University of Seville and Doctorat University of Almera. Twenty years investigatingthe field of solar technology. Permanent Researcherof CIEMAT-Solar Platform of Almera, and currentlyResponsible for the Environmental Unit of SolarPower.

crESpo rodrguEz, luiSDoctor in Aeronautic Engineering and Sociologist.Related to solar thermal power since 1976, firstto be involved in Solar Platform of Almera andvery important person to promote international

projects as well as the launch and stablishmentof Renewable Solar Energies of CIEMAT. In 1990,dissapointed with the renewable policies, hechanged to managing technologies and financingcompanies. In 2008 he comes back to the sector asGeneral Secretary of Protermosolar and director ofthe Renewable Energies Advanced TechnologicalCenter of Andaluca.

FErnndEz QuEro, valErioIndustrial Engineer at University of Catalua andDoctor at University of Seville.Born in 1969, hehas dedicated most of his career to concentrated

solar thermal technologies, taking part in severalprojects as member of the Termodinamic Group atthe Engineers School of Seville at its beginnings,and in Abengoa Solar since 1999. He is currentlyresponsible for running, operations and maintenanceof solar thermal plants of Solucar Platform (Seville),among them, the tower and heliostats plants PS10and PS20, and the parabolic trough plants Solnova1, 3 and 4.

malato rodrguEz, SixtoDoctor in Chemistry. Currently, he is Permanent

Researcher of CIEMAT (Ministry of Science andInnovation), being responsible for the group ofDetoxification and Water Desinfection in the SolarPlatform of Almera. His scientific work has beenmainly related to R&D projects centered on waterpurification through advanced oxidation processes.

martnEz plaza, diEgoIndustrial Engineer at University of Seville. Relatedfrom the beggining to the Solar Platform of Almeraand Director since 2003. He represents Spain inSolarPACES . Author o co-author of more than 20scientific articles, taking part in 24 R&D projects and

coordinator of 14 of them.

muoz torralBo, antonioDoctor in Aeronautic Engineering. From INTA in1976 he went to the Energy Studies Center, wherehe held the position of Research Department ChiefExecutive Officer. From there he went to the NationalInnovation Companyu of the INI and after that, toAsinel. In 1990 he was hired by the ABB group,remaining there until his retirement in 2005


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rodrguEz BarrEra, Ftima

Graduated in Communications (University of Seville,1995). Masters on Ecologic and EnvironmentalInformation at University of Madrid. Aid workerat education and sanitary projects at African ruralregions. TV reporter at Canal Sur 2. Directorand scriptwriter of docummentaries: Nowadays,responsible for the communication of the RenewableEnergies Advanced Technological Centre (CTAER).

romEro lvarEz, manuElDoctor in Chemistry at University of Valladolid.Permantent Researcher of CIEMAT, where hehas worked as director of Renewable Energies

Department. He was in charge of managing theSolar Platform of Almera for a while. All his lifehas been linked to research in high temperaturesolar thermal technologies. Currently, he is DeputyManager of IMDEA-Energy Foundation.

SnchEz Sudn, FErnandoTelecommunications Engineer. Madrid University1974. He began working 33 years ago at design,building and evaluation of project CESA 1.Afterwards from CIEMAT, first as responsible forSolar Division, (1986-1989) and later as Director ofRenewable Energies Institute (1989-1997). He has

had responsabilites at Solar Platform managementfrom its creation until 1998, being member of theManagement Comitee of the Spaniard GermanAgreement foa ajoint use of PSA. Nowadays andsince 2004 he is Technical Director of RenewableEnergies National Center CENER.

Silva prEz, manuElIndustrial Engineer Doctor at Seville University andteacher of Energy Engineering Department of thesame University. He began his career in 1985 as

engineer of the ITET at Solar Platform of Almera.

After a four year period at private corporations, hecame back to join investigations on solar thermalconcentration systems. Currently he is responsiblefor solar thermal projects of Termodinamic Groupand Renewable Energies for Seville Universityand AICIA (Research and Industrial CooperationAssociation of Andaluca).

Julin SoBrino SimalHistorian, permanent teacher of ETSA in Seville,specialist in industrial architecture history. Nowadays,he holds the position of Vicepresident of TICCIH-Spain. He has published different contributionsabout these issues which are to emphasizeIndustrial Architecture in Spain and Architectureof Industry in Andaluca. He is main researcher ofR&D&i projects related to industrial patrimony.

zarza moya, EduardoIndustrial Engineer and Doctor at University ofSeville. Born in 1958, he has dedicated 25 years tosolar concentration systems, taking part in a greatnumber of projects and R&D activities. Nowadayshe is responible for the PSA Solar ConcentrationSystems Unit.

About ProtermosolarProtermorsolar is the Association which representsthe spanish sector of solar thermal industry andis currently integrated by 93 members. Solartechnology, where Spain is world leader, has solidlybursted into the prospect of renewable energies andtoday is the one which holds the highest potential togrowth. With an installed power foreseen of 2.500MW, this sector sets as an objective to exceed10.000MW in 2020.


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