Anatomy of male reproductive organs - Smile you are...
Transcript of Anatomy of male reproductive organs - Smile you are...
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Anatomy of male
genital system
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Male Reproductive system
Primary sex organs (two testes)
Secondary sex organs (duct system)
Accessory sex organs
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Ontogenesis of the male genitalia
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Descending
of testis
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1- Scrotum
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Location :
Stallion
Camel- bull Tom cat DogBoar
Bull Buffalo-bull buck Ram Bull Buffalo-bull buckBuffalo-bull buckBull Buffalo-bull buck Ram Bull Buffalo-bull buck Stallion Ram Bull Buffalo-bull buck
Camel- bull Boar DogCamel- bull Boar Tom cat DogCamel- bull Boar
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Inter abd obliq.
Skin
Peritoneum
Exter abd obliq
Tran abd m.
skin
T.dartos
T.subdartos
Cremasteric m.
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis (parietal)
Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
a
Anatomy:
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Functions:support and protect the testis
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a
Thermo–regulatory mechanism in bull
1.6 - 3.9 °C lower ↓ in cattle,
buffalo, monkey, man and dog.
5° ↓ in buck.
7° ↓ in ram.
8° ↓ in rat.
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Hot weather (summer) Cold weather (winter)
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2- Testes
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Shape
Length
Width
Thickness
= Distance between the two pole
= Distance between the two border
= Distance between the two surface Pole or
extremity
Border
Surface
Cranial, caudal border
Proximal and distal
extremity
Proximal and
distal border
Cranial, caudal
extremity
Length = Distance between the two pole
Width = Distance between the two border
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Location
Stallion
Camel- bull Tom cat DogBoar
Bull Buffalo-bull buck Ram Bull Buffalo-bull buckBull Buffalo-bull Ram buckBull Buffalo-bull Stallion Ram buckBull Buffalo-bull
Camel- bull Boar DogCamel- bull Boar Tom cat DogCamel- bull Boar
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Orientation of the testis
Vertical
(Bull, Buffalo-bull,
Ram, Buck)
Horizontal
(Stallion )
Oblique
(Cranioventral) (Boar,
Camel-bull, Tom-cat,
Dog)
Position
Vertical
(Bull, Buffalo-bull,
Ram, Buck)
Oblique
(Cranioventral) (Boar,
Camel-bull, Tom-cat,
Dog)
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Bull
Position of the testicles
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Tunica Vaginalis
(Parietal) Tunica Vaginalis
(visceral)
Testicular capsule
(Tunica albuginia)
Epididymis (Tail)
Tunica Vaginalis
(Parietal)
Epididymis (Tail)
Testicular capsule
(Tunica albuginia)
Tunica Vaginalis
(Parietal)
Epididymis (Tail)
Tunica Vaginalis
(visceral)
Testicular capsule
(Tunica albuginia)
Tunica Vaginalis
(Parietal)
Epididymis (Tail)
Testicular capsule
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Testicular capsule (Tunica albuginia)
Testicular parenchyma
Mediastinum
testis
Trabiculae
Testicular capsule (Tunica albuginia)
Mediastinum
testis
Trabiculae
Testicular capsule (Tunica albuginia)
Mediastinum
testis
Mediastinum testis in the bull
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Mediastinum
Seminiferous
Tubule
Rete Testis
Boar 6000 m
Bull 5000 m
Ram 4000 m
Dog 150 m
Tom-cat 25 m
Mediastinum
Seminiferous
Tubule
Rete TestisMediastinum
Seminiferous
Tubule
Dog 150 m
Ram 4000 m
Dog 150 m
Bull 5000 m
Ram 4000 m
Dog 150 m
Boar 6000 m
Bull 5000 m
Ram 4000 m
Dog 150 m
Boar 6000 m
Bull 5000 m
Boar 6000 m
Ram 4000 m
Bull 5000 m
Boar 6000 m
Dog 150 m
Ram 4000 m
Bull 5000 m
Boar 6000 m
Seminiferous tubules
Seminiferous
tubules
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Primary
Spermatocyte
Sertoli
Cells
Leydig Cells
Capillary
Basement
Membrane
Spermatids
Round
Spermatids
Secondary
Spermatocyte
Myoid Cells
Spermat
ogonium
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Endocrine function
Vision,smell,
hearing,light,temp
Brain
&hypothalamus
GnRH
Anterior pituitary
FSH LH or ICSH
Act on seminifrous
tubules
Spermatogonia Sertoli cells
Estrogen,
inhibin,ABP
spermatocytogenesis
Spermatids
Spermiogenesis
Spermatozoa
Leydig cells
Androgen
Accessory
glandslibido
Seminal plasma
Semen (ejaculate)
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2n
2n
2n
2n
2n
n n
n n n n
spermatogonium
Dormant spermatogonium
Later division
Dormant
spermatogonium
Active
spermatogonium
Active spermatogonium
mitosis
16x Primary spermatocytes
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids
Metamorphosis
spermatozoa
Spermatocyto
genesis 31-32
days
Spermiogene
sis 15-17
days
2n
2n
2n
2n
2n
2n
n n
n n n n
spermatogonium
Dormant spermatogonium
Later division
Dormant
spermatogonium
Active
spermatogonium
Active spermatogonium
mitosis
16x Primary spermatocytes
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids
Metamorphosis
spermatozoa
Spermatocyto
genesis 31-32
days
Spermiogene
sis 15-17
days
Exocrine
function
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Secondary sex organ (excurrent duct system)
Rete Testis
Spermatic Cord
Vas Deferens
Head (Caput)
body (Corpus)
Tail (Cauda)
Efferent duct
(Vasa Efferentia)
Seminiferous
Tubule
Epididymis
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Efferent ducts (Vasa Efferntia)
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Parts of the epididymis
Head (Caput)
More or less flattened and broad
Body (corpus)
Intermediate narrow and long part
Tail (cauda)
Distal enlarged part (usually extrude
out of testicular margin )
Length of the epididymis
50-75mStallion 50mBoar, RamBull 35-40m
Epididymis
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Position of the epididymis in relation to the testis
Vertical (Bull, Buffalo-
bull, Ram, Buck)
Horizontal (Stallion ) Oblique (Cranioventral)
(Boar, Camel-bull, Tom-
cat, Dog)
Body
Head
Tail
Proximal extremity and
reflected in the cranial
border
Caudal border
Distal extremity
Cranial extremity
Dorsal border
Caudal extremity
Crainioventarl extremity
Cranial border
Caudodorsal extremity
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Species specific features
bull Ram
Stallion
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Function of epididymis:
Sperm transportation
Concentration
Protection
Maturation
Storage
Secretion of GPC
spermophagia
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Spermatic
cord
Vas deferens or ductus deferens
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ostaejaculatoris
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Pathway of the vas deferens
Inguinal (vertical) Bull,
Buffalo bull, Ram, Buck)
Inguinal horizontal (Stallion)
Perineal (crainoventral) Boar,
Camel-bull, Tom-cat, Dog)
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Ampulla ductus deferens in different animal species
RamBull
Boar
Tom-cat DogDog
Tom-cat
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Spermatic cord
Content
Length
It is the organ of connection between the scrotal and pelvic genital organs
1- Spermatic artery
2- Spermatic vein
3- Spermatic nerve
4- Lymphatic vessels
5- Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
6- internal cremasteric muscle
7- Vas deferens
Stallion Ram, Buck, Bull, buffalo-bull Dog, Tom-cat, Boar, Camel< <
2- Spermatic vein
3- Spermatic nerve
6- internal cremasteric muscle
2- Spermatic vein
3- Spermatic nerve
5- Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
6- internal cremasteric muscle
2- Spermatic vein
3- Spermatic nerve
7- Vas deferens
5- Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
6- internal cremasteric muscle
2- Spermatic vein
3- Spermatic nerve
7- Vas deferens
5- Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
7- Vas deferens
4- Lymphatic vessels
5- Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
7- Vas deferens
6- internal cremasteric muscle
4- Lymphatic vessels
5- Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
7- Vas deferens
3- Spermatic nerve
6- internal cremasteric muscle
4- Lymphatic vessels
5- Tunica vaginalis (visceral)
7- Vas deferens
1- Spermatic artery
2- Spermatic vein
3- Spermatic nerve
2- Spermatic vein
Stallion Ram, Buck, Bull, buffalo-bull Stallion Ram, Buck, Bull, buffalo-bull Dog, Tom-cat, Boar, CamelStallion Ram, Buck, Bull, buffalo-bull
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Urethra
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Urethra 1- Pelvic urethra 2- Bulb of the urethra 3- Penile urethra
Proper
pelvic
urethra
Bulb of the
urethra
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rootIschiocavernosus m
Body
Pelvic urethra
Bulb of the urethra
Bulbocavernosus m
Root of the penis
Penis
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Body of the penis Different tissues in the body of the penis
1-Cavernous tissue Corpus cavernosum
Corpus spongiosum
2-Fibroelastic tissue Tunica albuginia of penis
Superficial longitudinal
Deep circular
Tunica albuginia of urethra
Large vein
Corpus cavernosum
Urethra
Corpus spongiosum Superficial tunica
albuginia
Deep tunica
albuginia
Penile
septum
Dorsal artery
and vein
Corpus cavernosum
Corpus spongiosum Superficial longitudinal Corpus cavernosum
Corpus spongiosum
Tunica albuginia of urethra
Superficial longitudinal Corpus cavernosum
Corpus spongiosum
Large vein
Corpus cavernosum
Urethra
Corpus spongiosum Superficial tunica
albuginia
Deep tunica
albuginia
Penile
septum
Dorsal artery
and vein
Tunica albuginia of urethra
Superficial longitudinal Corpus cavernosum
Corpus spongiosum
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Classification of the penis
Fibroelastic Musclocavernous
•Major tissue
• Increase in diameter and
length after erection
•Increase in rigidity after erection
•Time for full erection
•Presence of segmoid flexure
•Species
•Texture in non erected state
Fibroelastic Cavernous
Minor Great increase
Short Long
Present Absent
Bull, Buffalo-bull, Ram,
Buck, Camel-bull, Boar
Stallion, Tom-cat,
Dog
Firm Soft compressible
Minor Huge increase .
•Major tissue
•Texture in non erected state
• Increase in diameter and
length after erection
•Major tissue
•Texture in non erected state
•Time for full erection
• Increase in diameter and
length after erection
•Major tissue
•Texture in non erected state
•Presence of segmoid flexure
•Time for full erection
• Increase in diameter and
length after erection
•Major tissue
•Texture in non erected state
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Sigmoid FlexureIt is a S shape curvature in the fiberoelastic non erected penis
Proximal cranial
convexity
Distal caudal
convexity
Post scrotal sigmoid
flexure (bull, buffalo-
bull, Ram, buck)Pre scrotal sigmoid
flexure (boar, camel-bull)
No sigmoid flexure in
musclocavernous penis
(stallion, tom-cat, dog)
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Glans penis It is the most terminal part of the penis that characterized by high
number of sensory nerve ending
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Glans penis
Tom-cat
DogCamel
Dog
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Muscle of the penis
1- Ischo cavernosus m (erection muscle)
2- Bulbo cavernosus muscle
( ejaculation or micturation )
3- Retractor penis muscle
rootIschocavernosus m
Body
Pelvic
urethra
Bulb of the urethra
Bulbocavernosus m
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Preputial
fornix
External preputial orifice
Free part of the penis
Glans penis
Preputial lining
Tuft of hair
Glans penis
Preputial lining
Tuft of hair
Prepuce
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Type of the prepuce
1- Single type prepuce in all animal except the stallion
2- double prepuce in the stallion
Species specification
Bull Buffalo-bull Ram, buckBull Buffalo-bull Ram, buckBull Buffalo-bull
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Camel-bull
Camel-bull
•It is a fleshy , triangular, compressed from side to side
•It present in the inguinal region with the narrow external
orifice directed back ward in the non erected state
Tom-cat
Preputial diverticulum
Boar
Presence of ovoid pouch present in
the dorsal wall of the prepuce
(preputial diverticulum)
•It is a fleshy , triangular, compressed from side to side
Presence of ovoid pouch present in
the dorsal wall of the prepuce
(preputial diverticulum)
•It present in the inguinal region with the narrow external
orifice directed back ward in the non erected state
•It is a fleshy , triangular, compressed from side to side
Presence of ovoid pouch present in
the dorsal wall of the prepuce
(preputial diverticulum)
Presence of ovoid pouch present in
the dorsal wall of the prepuce
(preputial diverticulum)
•It is a fleshy , triangular, compressed from side to side
Presence of ovoid pouch present in
the dorsal wall of the prepuce
(preputial diverticulum)
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Stallion (Double prepuce)
1- Outer tube, external sheath
External tube
It open by external preputial orifice
2- Inner tube or proper sheath Internal tube
It result from double invagination of the
preputial lining inside the outer tube
Anatomical structure
External feature
• It open just in front of the scrotum (15-20 cm)
• The external orifice is wide
(6-10 cm)
External tube
Internal tube External tube
Internal tube
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The accessory glands
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Seminal gland
Ram
Ram
It is elongated highly lobulated
(10-15x3-5x2-3)
Similar but smaller than that of
the bull (4x2)
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Larger in width and thickness 12-15x5-8x5-8
Pyramidal in shape, cover the caudal portion
of the urinary bladder
Bladder like with large central cavity
and glands in the wall
15-20x2.5-5
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Dog
Camel Tom-cat
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Prostate
Ram
Ram
Body of prostate
Body appear as elongate transverse ridge
on the dorsal surface of the pelvic urethra
at the neck or UB (3x1x1)
No body
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Tom-cat Dog
Body (two lateral lobes connected by
transverse isthmus (5-9x2.5-6)
No internal part
Similar to the dog but not cover the
ventral surface of the urethra
No internal part
Body is well developed completely surround
the pelvic urethra at the neck of U.B.
No internal part
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Camel
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Bulbouretheral gland
Ram
Ram
It is ovoid in shape about 2-3 cm
in diameter
Relatively large (0.5-1cm)
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Tom-cat Dog
Larger than bull (2.5-5 cm)
Absent
It is large, cylindrical in shape
12-18x2.5-4 cm
small
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Camel