PDD Caribbean Savannah Project

8/8/2019 PDD Caribbean Savannah Project

1/85

CDM Executive Board

FOR AFFORESTATION AND R

CPROJECT DESIGN DOCU

PROJE

A. General descript

B. Duration of the

C. Application of a

D. Estimation of exnet anthropogen

E. Monitoring plan

F. Environmental i

G. Socio-economic

H. Stakeholders co

Annex 1: Contact infor

Annex 2: Information r

Annex 3: Baseline infor

Annex 4: Monitoring pl

UNFCCC/CCNUCC

PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORMEFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-A

E AN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMENT FORM FOR AFFORESTATION AND R

T ACTIVITIES (CDM-AR-PDD) Version 04

CONTENTS

ion of the proposed A/R CDM project activity

roject activity / crediting period

approved baseline and monitoring methodology

ante net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks anic GHG removals by sinks over the chosen creditin

pacts of the proposed A/R CDM project activity

impacts of the proposed A/R CDM project activity

mments

Annexes

ation on participants in the proposed A/R CDM pr

garding public funding

mation

an

-PDD) - Version 04

FORESTATION

estimated amount of period

ject activity


2/85

CDM Executive Board


SECTION A. General descrip

A.1. Title of the proposed A/R >>Reforestation of degraded/deVersion number: 2Date of the document: August

A.2. Description of the propos>>The proposed project will be locis located in the northern part of

The savannah landscape is chaexhaustive livestock systems. Textensive grazing. Some areas athe project is to reforest / afforeslatter are: Valencia, San Andres

The project will be undertaken t

1. Establishment of 500 ha of would become severely defurther down).

2. Reforestation of 1500 ha wit3. Reforestation of 200 ha wit

medium farmers None of the species listed aboveGenetically Modified Organismregion but given the fact that r plantings, its overall impact onnegligible. Also, Hevea brasiliadapted to the environmental co Activity 1 is located in the imunicipality of Chinu and Chimsevere degradation. The compoCrescentia cujete, and Leucaen

grandis) for fruit production to Bombacopsis quinata and Tabespecial seeds for improved pastu

Activity 2 is located in Monte productivity land with Hevea br Since the baseline revenue strea

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


ion of the proposed A/R CDM project activity:

CDM project activity:

rading land in the Caribbean Savannah of Colo

19, 2010

ed A/R CDM project activity:

ted in the Caribbean Savannah of Colombia. TheColombia, in the Department of Cordoba.

acterized by soils that are under a severe degrade land containing the project plots is currently unde used intermittently to grow cash crops, such ast 2200 hectares (5436 acres) of land distributed in side Sotavento, Montelbano, Puerto Libertador, Chin

rough the following kind of A/R activities:

trees assisted with shrubs on moderately degradedraded. This project activity is carried out by in

h Hevea brasiliensis by local small scale farmers.h Tabebuia rosea, Cariniana pyriformis, and Tect

is considered as Invasive Alien Species (IAS) nor a(GMO). SolelyTectona grandis is considered to

eforestation with this species accounts for only athe ecological composition of species in the regionsis has been planted in the region for many yditions.

digenous community of San Andres de Sotavena. This component will recuperate areas of pasturesent will include the planting of some forage shru

a leucocephala ), trees ( Albizia saman, Guazuma

feed the animals as well as timber species ((Swuia rosea ). In areas where the status of the pastues ( Brachiaria hybrids) will be used.

bano and Puerto Libertador and consists of the siliensis. This land was traditionally used for cropp

for some farmers will be decreasing during the f

-PDD) - Version 04

bia

Caribbean Savannah

ation process due toer cattle pasture withaize. The purpose of x municipalities. The

and Chima,

lands that otherwiseigenous people (see

ona grandis by local

re the species plantede non-native in thesmall fraction of allis considered to be

ars and is thus well

to and farms of thethat are in process of s (Gliricidia sepium,ulmifolia and Cassiaietenia macrophylla,re is extremely poor,

reforestation of lowing by small farmers.irst three years of the


3/85

CDM Executive Board


establishment of the tree plantcastor-oil plants ( Ricinus comm

source of income until the produ

Activity 3 is located in the mudifferent timber species:Tabebare medium size farmers.

All the activities outlined abovethe storage of carbon both, abovthe first 3 years and is expectedremovals per year.

Project activities will result inimprovement of land producsocioeconomic benefits for thcommunities. Those benefits wiimproved dairy productivity. Inreceiving benefits from rubber population has an important stak About 200 families from the Zeand 3 medium size farmers, willocal population will benefit froin income that will contribute to

The implementation of projecthigh initial investment that isrevenues from carbon credits attCarbon Emission Removals asthe participation of CIAT, CVSof plantations in local communiand procedures, while the incoameliorated with the project acti

A.3. Project participants:>>

Table 1. Project participants

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


tions, 34.5 ha of hot pepper crop (Capsicum chinis), will be planted in association with the rubber

ction of latex from the rubber trees can start.

icipality of Valencia and consists of 200 ha to beia rosea, Cariniana pyriformis andTectona grandi

will contribute to stop the ongoing soil degradation- and below-ground. The project area will be graduto reduce about 1 million tCO2e in 20 years with co

the restoration of the soil productive capacityivity. Ultimately, the project is expected to project participants that are mostly marginall derive from a general employment generation, r addition, the farmers income situation is goingnd dairy production, as well as timber and seede in the success of the project and is strongly behinu indigenous community, 250 families living of s

l be the direct project beneficiaries. Besides this,the additional employment generated and from t

stimulate the sustainable development of the region.

ctivities without the purchase of the carbon creditequired prevents the farmers to change their lanact the participation of an external investor that conn instrument to safeguard its investment. The carbnd Corpoica who provide up-front investment coststies by achieving long term commitments and stric

e, sustainability and employment problems typiities.

-PDD) - Version 04

ensis ) and 75 ha of rees as an alternative

reforested with three. Owners of this land

process by increasingally reforested duringntinuously increasing

and therefore in thegenerate important

ural and indigenous bber production, andto be diversified byales. Thus, the locald its implementation. bsistence agriculturea larger group of thee general increments

s is not feasible. Thed use. However, thesiders the purchase of on revenues facilitate

ensures permanencet follow up measurescal to the region are


4/85

CDM Executive Board


Name of Party involved (*)((host) indicates a host Party)

Republic of Colombia (host)

Canada

(*) In accordance with the CDPDD public at the stage of valitime of requesting registration, Note: When the CDM-AR-PDmethodology (form CDM-AR-those proposing a new methodo

A.4. Description of location an

A.4.1. Location of the

A.4.1.1. Host Pa>>Republic of Colombia

A.4.1.2. Region/>>Department of Cordoba

A.4.1.3. City/To>>Municipalities of Valencia, SanLibertador (Figure 1). Project ar

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Private and/or public entity(ies)project participants (*)

(as applicable)

Indic

involconsidarti

Corporacin AutnomaRegional de los Valles delSin y del San Jorge (CVS) International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) CorporacinColombiana de InvestigacinAgropecuaria (CORPOICA)International Bank for

Reconstruction andDevelopment (IBRD)acting as the trustee of theBioCarbon Fund (BioCF)

A/R modalities and procedures, at the time of making tation, a Party involved may or may not have provided itsthe approval by the Party(ies) involved is required.

is prepared to support a proposed new baseline and moM), at least the host Party(ies) and any known project p

logy) shall be identified.

d boundaries of the A/R CDM project activity:

roposed A/R CDM project activity:

rty(ies):

State/Province etc.:

wn/Community etc:

ndres de Sotavento, Chinu, Chima, San Pelayo, Mas are shown in section A.4.2.

-PDD) - Version 04

ate if the Party

ed wishes to beered as a projectcipant (Yes/No)

No

Yes

he CDM-AR-approval. At the

itoringrticipant (e.g.

ntelibano and Puerto


5/85

CDM Executive Board


Figure 1. Munic

A.4.2 Detailed geograllowing the unique identificat>>

The discrete parcels of land onshown in figures 2, 3, and 4. Idemonstrate the eligibility of th1987 were excluded from the limap of 1987 was used becausavailable imagery of 1989 was c

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


palities where the proposed A/R CDM activity are loc

phic delineation of the project boundary, includion(s) of the proposed A/R CDM project activity:

which the proposed A/R CDM project activity wiladdition, the polygons are superimposed to land

se lands (section C.1). The polygons intersectingst of candidate areas of this A/R CDM project act

there were not appropriate images of 1989 tovered by clouds.

-PDD) - Version 04

ated

ng information

l be implemented arecoverage in 1987 toith areas forested in

ivity. The land cover erive this map. The


6/85

CDM Executive Board


Figure 2. Discrete parcels of the

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


proposed A/R CDM project activities. Stratum 1,2 a

-PDD) - Version 04

d 3 (see section C.4)


7/85

CDM Executive Board


Figure 3. Discrete parcels o

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


the proposed A/R CDM project activities. Stratum 4

-PDD) - Version 04

(see section C.4)


8/85

CDM Executive Board


Figure 4. Discrete par

A database with GPS coordinatevalidated, as required by the sele

A.5. Technical description of t

A.5.1. Description of tproposed A/R CDM project acecosystems (including land use>>

The project areas are located iColombia, close to the Atlantic

1 CVS. 2004.Diagnstico AmbienLocalizacin y Situacin Ambiental

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


els of the proposed A/R CDM project activities. Strat

s for each polygon will be available to the DOE at tcted methodology.

he A/R CDM project activity:

e present environmental conditions of the area pivity, including a concise description of climate,:

the watershed of Ro Sinu (Sinu River) in theCoast. Overall, the watershed has an extension of

tal de la Cuenca Hidrogrfica del Ro Sin Versin 01. D. Montera. Colombia

-PDD) - Version 04

m 5 and 6

e time the PDD is

lanned for theydrology, soils,

northwestern part of 1.395.244 hectares.1

elimitacin, Extensin,


9/85

CDM Executive Board


The watershed has been geograspatial characteristics, namely,

Puerto Libertador are located inPelayo, Chinu and Chima is loca

Climate

In general, the project areas haveand the proximity to the Paramilto these mountains, located in th precipitation between 1400 and 1mm, while in San Andres de Sot precipitation distribution is unimrainfall occurs during the rainy sstarts lasting until beginning of

The mean annual temperature isare high due to the latitudinal po between 1400 and 2300 h/a. The

Hydrology

The Sinu River is the main draiThis watershed is one of the mosThe Urra reservoir is located inVerde, Esmeralda and Cruz VeMurrucuc mountains. There aBetanc, El Vidrial, El Tigre anand the water flows are regulaterest of the area (about 75% of thof the total water supply of themore threatened by the deforesta

In Montelibano and Puerto Liber system consists of the Ure RivBlanco, San Antonio y San PeJaraguay, El Tigue and Los Pes boundary between Monteria, tagricultural areas causing econoRegional Environmental Author events.

Soils and Landforms

The soils in the Sinu River wate

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


phically divided into three subparts according to ihe high, intermediate and low Sinu valley. Valen

the higher part of the Sinu valley, while San Andted in the low part of the Sinu valley.

a tropical climate and the variations are explainedo Mountains. Precipitation within the watershed issouthern part of the watershed. Valencia has a mea

600 mm, Montelibano and Puerto Libertador betwevento, Chinu, San Pelayo and Chima has 1300 mmodal with one dry and one rainy season per year. 80eason which lasts from May until early November, t pril. The wettest month is June and the driest are Ja

27C and the mean relative humidity is 83%. The sosition and relief of this area. The annual amount of sincidence of tropical storms or cyclones is rare.

age of the watershed supplying the surrounding ur t important areas in Colombia from a hydropower phe Sinu watershed. It retains water of the Sinu Rivrde rivers) that are originating in the upper parte other minor tributaries downstream the Urra reAguas Prietas Rivers. The upstream water supply

d by the reservoir to benefit the communities settlewatersheds area, not affected by the Urra reservoientire Sinu watershed. Thus, water is a scarce resotion and erosion processes of the downstream lands.

tador, where the projects rubber plantations are locer, and its tributaries La Mucura, El Cerro, Ladrito. In Valencia, there are also other secondacados that flow into the Montecarlos swamp. Thee Cordoba capital, and Valencia. The Jaragua

mic losses to local producers. The need to reforestity, CVS, as a measure to buffer the negative effe

rshed are located on three main landforms: flat plai

-PDD) - Version 04

ts environmental andia, Montelibano and

es de Sotavento, San

y changes in altitudeigher in areas closen annualen 1800 and 2500of precipitation. The

of the annualhen the dry seasonnuary and February.

lar brightness valuesunlight hours is

an towns with water.roduction standpoint.er tributaries (Manso,of the Paramillo andservoir like the Pir,is considerably highalong the river. Ther) produces only 25%

urce and that is even

ated, the hydrologicalarrigona, Batatal, Ely rivers such as theLa Balsa River is the

River often floodsis recognized by thects of these flooding

ns, hills and terraces.


10/85

CDM Executive Board


The flat plains constitute a comarine and marine plains, with

characterized by an undulated aand mountains and the flat plain

In Montelbano and Puerto Lib plains, terraces and meanders.caused by the loss of vegetative

Valencia is located in an alluviinclination. The fertility of soiaggravated by the soil compactisingle rain season. The soils arethe Sinu and Jaraguay Rivers.

Land Use and Cover

In general, the major currentmanagement practices and over using traditional practices such aof the Sinu watershed is under p10% correspond to cash andcommercial forest and urban inf cattle raising. The remaining nParamillo National Park. Howevthe deforestation process. Nativthe exploitation of wood resour flows as well as to maintain its b

The clearing of forest to imple based on an extractive rural ecdevelopment pattern has a loinadequate natural resource man

The extensive grazing is associcharacterized by tremendous aoccupied. This model of landlandholders and intermediaries,department of Cordoba is the thi

The aforementioned model of laevidenced with the deforestationforests of the department of Cor

Ecosystems

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


siderable area of the watershed and include fluvislopes between 0% and 2% inclination. The hill

d steep relief. The terraces are located in the transi. The project areas are located on flat plains and ter

rtador, the predominant geographic forms are moegarding erosion processes, this area contains zoneover, the construction of roads and poor soil water i

al plain with a flat topography. Slopes only rangs is medium to high and soils are poorly drainon caused by overgrazing and the concentration oformed from recent material that has been transpo

land use in the project area is extensive grazinrazing that have led to soil degradation. In additios slash and burn, and with low levels of agrochemicstures, 20% is covered with undisturbed forest (in t

permanent crops, and the remainder to erodedastructure. Thus, it is evident that most of the areative forest is currently protected due to the fact

er, in some parts the parks status and rules have noforests have been mainly converted to livestock ses. This has threatened the capacity of the ecosys

iodiversity. 1374 hectares of the watershed are com

ent extensive livestock systems has led to a ruralonomy (it only generates 2.3% of the Gross Do

capacity to generate co-benefits on the long tegement, especially in the area of natural forests and

ted with a land property scheme of large land holreas under one livestock-keeping system, but ouse and property causes a concentration of inand intensifies the poverty situation in the area.d poorest department.

d use was promoted with the Spanish conquest of t process in the post-hispanic period where 1.500.00oba were cleared.

-PDD) - Version 04

al-lacustrine, fluvial-s and mountains are

ion between the hillsaces.

ntains, hills, alluvials with severe erosionnfiltration capacity.

between 0% to 1%d. This condition isf annual rainfall in ated and deposited by

g with inappropriate, there is agriculture

al inputs. About 52%e mountainous part),

lands, water bodies,is used for extensivethat it is part of thet been enough to stopstems or depleted byem to regulate water ercial forests.

development patternestic Product). This

rm and bases on ansoils.

dings (latifundios),nly very little labor ome with very fewithin Colombia, the

is territory. This ishectares of native


11/85

CDM Executive Board


According to the Holdridge LSotanvento,Chinu and Chima co

between 1000 and 2000 mm, aothers located in Valencia,(Temperature>24oC, precipitati between 0.5 and 1.0 mm.

A.5.2. Description of t>>During 2006, Conservation InteCordoba which included the idethe species classification establanalysis, three main threat ca(endangered species) and VU (v

For the fauna, it was found thatCordoba. From the 124 endangefrom the 190 vulnerable species

These species are:

Table 2. Critically threGROUP

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Fish

2 Holdridge, L.R., Life Zone Ecolog 3 Conservacin Internacional, 2006. Nacionales Vigentes. Colombia. (on

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


ife Zone Classification2 the project areas locaterrespond to the Dry Forest life zone (Temperature

d potential evapotranspiration rate between 1.0 aMontelibano and Puerto Libertador corresponn between 2000 and 4000 mm and potential ev

e presence, if any, of rare or endangered species

rnational conducted an environmental diagnosis3 f tification of rare or endangered species. This identiished by IUCN (The World Conservation Uniontegories exist for Cordoba: CR (critically threlnerable species).

from the 75 critically threatened species in Colomred species identified in Colombia 13 have been f of Colombia, 18 are present in Cordoba.

tened fauna species in the department of CordoSPECIES COMMON

Caretta caretta Gogo, Caguama

Eretmochelys imbricata Carey

Dermochelys coriacea Tortuga canalCrocodylus acutus Caiman aguja

Batrachemys dahli Carranchina

Geochelone carbonaria Morroco

Crax alberti Paujil pico azul

Tapirus bairdii Danta

Tapirus terrestris Danta

Prochilodus magdalenae Bocachico

, 206 pp., Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa RicaElaboracin De 7 Polticas Corporativas De Acuerdo Areview )

-PDD) - Version 04

in San Andres de>24C, precipitation

d 2.0 mm while thed to Moist Forestapotranspiration rate

and their habitats:

or the Department of fication was based on). According to thisatened species), EN

bia, 10 are located inund in Cordoba, and

aAME

, 1967.as Polticas


12/85

CDM Executive Board


Table 3. Endangered f GROUP

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Fish

Table 4. Vulnerable faGROUPFish

Birds

Mammals

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


una species in the Department of Cordoba SPECIE COMMON NAM

Lepidochelys olivacea Tortuga amarillaChelonia mydas Tortuga verde

Podocnemys lewyana Tortuga de roCrypturellus colombianus Tinam

Anas cyanoptera Pato coloradoClytoctantes alixii Hormiguero

Hypopyrrhus pyrohypogaster Chamn, Chango

Ateles geoffroyi MarimondaTrichechus manatus Manat

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum Bagre rayado

Ageneiosus caucanus Doncella, Barbul Ichthyoelephas longirostris PatalSorubim cuspicaudus Blanquillo

na species in the department of Cordoba SPECIE COMMON NAM

Abramites eques Bonito Plagioscion magdalenae PacoraCochliodon hondae Coroncoro, corroncCurimata mivartii ViscainaSalminus affinis Picuda

Ara ambigua Guacamaya verde Ara militaris Guacamaya verde Pionopsitta pyrila Cotorra cariamarillOreothraupis arremonops Gorrin tangarinoMyrmecophaga trydactyla Oso palmeroTremarctos ornatus Oso congo, UI, HU

Aotus lemurinus griseimembra MartejaSaguinus oedipus Titi cabeciblanco

Alouatta palliata Cotudo negro Leopardus tigrinus Tigrillo gallinero Panthera onca Tigre, Jaguar Lontra longicaudis Nutria Dinomys bracnicki Piro, Guagua loba

-PDD) - Version 04

o


13/85

CDM Executive Board


For the flora, the following threa

the department of Cordoba:Table 5. Critically threof Cordoba

SPECI

Chigua ber

Chigua restr

Parinari parv

Cariniana pyr

Parinari pach

Astrocaryum

Elaeis olei

Gusiavia d

Lecythis tuy

Bactris gasipaChichag

Cryosophila ka

Wettinia hir

A.5.3. Species and vari>>Activity 1: Reforestation assSotavento, Chinu, San Pelayo

This component will recuperacomponent will include the pl

Leucaena leucocephala ), trees production to feed animals as w

Tabebuia rosea ). In areas wher pastures ( Brachiaria hybrids) wi

Activity 2: Reforestation in M

This component consists of the production. Interplanting with h

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


tened, vulnerable and endangered plant species hav

tened, vulnerable and endangered plant species

COMMON NAME CATE

alii Chigua CR (en

epoi Corocita CR (en

ifolia Unknown C

formis Abarco C

phylla Parehutano E

alybo Chingal,anchambe,enchamba E

era nol, ol Ebia Mula muerta, alma negra V

ana Olla de mono, olleto V

es var .i

Chinamato, corozo,cachipay V

lbreyeri Palma escoba V

suta Gualte, chuppi (embera,sinu) V

eties selected for the proposed A/R CDM project

sted with shrubs on mainly indigenous landnd Chima:

e areas of pastures that are in process of sevanting of forage shrubs (Guazuma ulmifolia, C ( Albizia saman, Guazuma ulmifolia and Cassi

ell as timber species (Swietenia macrophylla, Bom

the status of the pasture is extremely poor, specill be used.

ntelibano and Puerto Libertador:

eforestation of low productivity land with Hevea bt pepper (Capsicum chinensis ) and castor-oil plants

-PDD) - Version 04

been identified in

in the department

GORY

demic)

demic)

R

R

N

N

NU

U

U

U

U

activity:

of San Andres de

re degradation. Theescentia cujete, and a grandis ) for fruitbacopsis quinata and

l seeds for improved

rasiliensis for rubber ( Ricinus communis ),


14/85

CDM Executive Board


will take place in association wican start.

Activity 3: Reforestation for co

This component consists of t pyriformis) and one exotic tree s

Description of tree species to b

Cariniana pyriformis: The Colin the Lecythidaceae family. It iColombia. Its timber is highlytimber is very durable and resist boards. The abarco reaches up toused for vegetative propagation,50% is easily achieved. It is a se

Hevea brasiliensis :, or rubber t economic importance because iAlthough there is synthetic rubbthe increment of oil prices, it istree can reach a height of up to 4outside the phloem. In plantatioused in the manufacture of furniand acceptance of different finisuse of trees that have been cut at

Tabebuia rosea : Common decito excessively drained soils. Rooften spectacular displays of picylindrical trunk may reach 70 but pronounced dry seasons. Itsof furniture and veneer. Appasimilarity between the woods of

4 World Conservation Monitoring C5 Sacand, M.; D.Joker; M.E. DulloSeeds. International Plant Genetic R 6 Elastomer-The rubber tree", Ency7 Coelho, J.R. 1994. Importancia daE. And Buzzeti, S. Importancia da a8 http://www.cds.ed.cr/teachers/har

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


th Hevea brasiliensis until the production of latex

mmercial forestry with timber species in Valenci

e plantation of native tree species (Tabebuiaecies (Tectona grandis) .

e used in the project

mbian Mahogany or Abarco (common name) is a ss threatened by habitat loss4 and is naturally distrivalued in Colombia because of its good finish anant to fungi and insects. It is used for construction,30-40 m in height. Cuttings taken from the middlerooting to about 75%. When propagated by seeds, aiheliophyte growing in primary and late secondary

ree , is a species belonging to the family Euphorbts latex can be collected and is the primary sour er, natural rubber is irreplaceable in some industrialgaining more importance for its economic value. I4 m. The white or yellow latex occurs in latex vesss, the trees are kept smaller, up to 24 m tall. Theture. It is valued for its dense grain, minimal shrinhes. It is also prized as an "environmentally friendlthe end of their latex-producing cycle.6,7

uous sub-canopy or canopy tree (20-30 m) foundle de Sabana (common name) is an especially notank blossoms that it produces during the height om or more in diameter. This species grow in tropiood is hard, yellowish and easy to work. It is priz

ently, the common name "Roble" (meaning "Othese two species.8

entre 1998.Cariniana pyriformis . 2006 IUCN Red List oand K.A. Thomsen. 2004. Comparative Storage Biolog

esources Institute, Rome, Italy.clopaedia Britannica , 2008adubacao na cultura da seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis Mdubacao na qualidade dos produtos agricolas. Sao Paulo:on/page17.html

-PDD) - Version 04

from the rubber trees

a :

osea and Cariniana

ecies of woody plant buted in Panama andd multiple uses. Thefurniture, pencils and part of the crown aregermination of aboutforests5.

aceae. It is of major ce of natural rubber. processes and due ton the wilderness, thels in the bark, mostlyood from this tree iskage, attractive color y" wood, as it makes

referentially on well ble tree thanks to thef the dry season. Itsal regions with short

ed in the constructionak") derives from a

f Threatened Species.of Tropical Tree

uell. Arg.). In: De Sa.Icon, 1994.


15/85

CDM Executive Board


Tectona grandis : Teak (comm because of its rapid growth and

south and southeast of Asia, agrowing to 30-40 m tall, decidu boat decks, and other articles wha veneer for indoor furnishings. pretreatment to remove dormancof light, well drained soils and p

Swietenia macrophylla : Commheight and 1.5 in trunk diameter.native to Central America and SBecause of its well-establishedhas been planted throughout theclose plantations or open-fie

enrichment or line plantings belargest size under the climatic ctemperature of 24 C or higher,adapted to a wide range of soideficient soils10.

Bombacopsis quinata : Or ceibathe family Bombacaceae. It hasis known for its valuable nativoccurs mostly in dry zones withm in height and more than 100workability. It is used for fur paneling, etc.11

Albizia saman is known under Pod. It is often placed in the geThis legume tree is native to thewidely introduced to South anda wide-canopied tree with a larga diameter of 40 metres (130 ft

9 Angiosperm Phylogeny Website-http://www.mobot.org/mobot/resear Tectona ". United States DepartmentHeywood, V.H., Brummitt, R.K., C

Botanic Gardens, Kew.

10 Bauer, G. P.; F. John. 1998.SwieOrleans, LA: U.S. Department of A11 Perez, D. 2004. Heartwood, sapwTropical Forest Science, 16:318:327

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


on name) is a tropical tree of high commercialood quality. This species belongs to the family La

d also cultivated in Africa and Latin America.us in the dry season. It is used in the manufactureere weather resistance is desired. It is also used for ieak is propagated mainly from seeds. Germination

y arising from the thick pericarp. For its growth, decipitations between 1000-3000 mm yr -1.9

nly known as Caoba, is a large tree, often growing. It is one of the easiest woods to work and takes anouth America (Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Per

arket value and ability to adapt to a variety of sitworld, both within and outside its native range. I

d plantations, on deforested areas and abandone

ow a degraded forest canopy. This species growonditions found in the tropical dry forest life zone,and a mean annual precipitation of between 2000

conditions, for, alluvial soils of mixed origin to

(common name), is a native tree species of the Neota natural distribution in Central America and northtimber that is produce at short rotation periods o

well-defined dry season of 2 to 6 months. This specm diameter at breast height. The wood is knowniture, doors, window and ceiling frames, roof

a wide range of common names, such as Saman,us Samanea, which by yet other authors is subsummainland neotropics, from Mexico south to Peru anoutheast Asia, as well as the Pacific islands, includ

e symmetrical crown. It usually reaches a height of . The leaves fold in rainy weather and in the eve

Lamiales".Missouri Botanical Garden.ch/APweb/orders/lamialesweb.htm#Lamiales. "GRIN Taof Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/htlham, A. & Seberg, O. 2007: Flowering Plant Families o

tenia macrophylla King. Honduras mahogany, caoba. Sriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment St

ood and bark contents of Bombacopsis quinata in Costa.

-PDD) - Version 04

and ecological valueiaceae, native to the

hey are large trees,of outdoor furniture,ndoor flooring and asof the seeds involvesmands high amounts

to more than 30 m inexcellent finish. It is, Brazil and Bolivia).conditions, this tree

t has been planted ind farm land, and in

s best and attains itswith a mean annualand 4000 mm. It haseroded, phosphorus-

ropics that belongs torn South America. Itf 30 years or less. Ities can reach over 30for its durability andconstruction, interior

ain Tree or Monkeyd in Albizia entirely.

d Brazil, but has beening Hawaii. Saman is25 metres (82 ft) anding, hence the name

xonomy for Plants -l/genus.pl?11908.;f the World. Royal

-ITF-SM-81. Newation. 7 p.ica. Journal of


16/85

CDM Executive Board


Rain Tree and 5 o'clock Tree (Preddish pink and creamish golde

Guazuma ulmifolia also knowtapaculo (Guatemala, El Salvaothers. Is a small to medium-sizand South America. The wood isimportant source of livestock f grasses are unavailable. It grocrown.13

Cassia grandis or Coral Showsemideciduous tree that growsspreading crown is high, irregumade up of 10 to 20 pairs of obl

base. Cassia grandis is used as atasting and bad smelling pulp of it is used in rural areas for home pink to purple flowers turn salm

A.5.4. Technology to b>>The project activity which inclvegetative material will accompInstitute) resolution No. 001478forest management plans that reavailable to validators. Nurseryare in line with environmentallyunder the project are as follows:

Activity 1

- Surviving will be monideath seedling will besampling plots during th

- Site burning will not be- In sites with high soil

subsoiler (at 5 m from erespectively.

- Seedlings will be grown862 individuals will be p

12 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albiz13 http://www.winrock.org/fnrm/fac14 http://www.flowersofindia.net/cat

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


kul Lima) in Malay. Several lineages of this tree acolored flowers.12

as gucima, gucimo (Spanish); tablote, majagor); cualote (Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador d tree, widely distributed throughout the Caribbean,used for posts, general carpentry, light construction

odder in many areas, particularly during the drys to 30 m in height and 30-40 cm in diameter

er Tree is native to tropical regions of America.up to 18 m in height and 50 cm d.b.h. The trunar, and made up of dangling branches. The leaveng leaflets that are 3 to 6 cm long and rounded or o

n ornamental to beautify streets, avenues, parks, anthe fruit is edible and is used as a laxative. The woconstruction, sheds, and structures for roofs and inn-color with time and are arranged in racemes.14

e employed by the proposed A/R CDM project a

des site preparation, production, distribution andlish all the requirement established in the ICA (Cof June 7, 2008 All reforestation activities will

quired the approval of the local environmental auttechnologies, nursery management, planting, and sisafe management practices. The technologies and p

ored by direct counting in all planted sites at 3replaced. Later every year, surviving will be moe first 3 years.mployed during soil preparation.compaction, a chisel (at a distance of 30 cm froch other) will be passed once and not deeper than 3

in nurseries of 7.2 x 1.2 cm of size, to be installedlanted per nursery.

ia_samannet/factpub/FACTSH/gulmifol.htmalog/slides/Coral%20Shower%20Tree.html

-PDD) - Version 04

re available e.g. with

a de toro (Mexico);, Colombia); amongMexico, and Centraland charcoal. It is an

season when pasturewith a round-shaped

It is a deciduous or k is straight and thes are paripinnate and btuse at the apex and

d gardens. The sweetod is hard and heavy;cabinet- making. The

tivity:

commercialization of olombia Agriculturale guided by specificority (CVS) and are

lvicultural operationsractices implemented

onths of age. Everyitored in permanent

m each other) and a5 and 45 cm of depth

on the project areas.


17/85

CDM Executive Board


- Grasses will be establisminimize erosion while

- 100 trees per hectare wiAlso, forage shrubs will- Fertilization with nitro

shrubs and improved painsignificant by the CDdo not require monitorin

Activity 2: The detailed descriptthis activity is available in an ap be summarized as follows:

- Seedlings/cuttings prod

ASOCUR (AsociacinIntensive research conSpanish) identified at lenvironmental conditioexperience with this speare grafted with rootstohectare are planted out ion the selected farms pe

- Establishment: Direct selosses and site burningtrees per hectare, plante block of rows will be sesome parcels may not ain the adjacent area. Dulosses. The plantation ptrials between them. Thmaximize the tree exposseason in holes of an apdiseases and pests, con plantation taking. All dThis will guarantee the h

- Maintenance : Due toaccelerated growth throtwice per year and at leeach row in order to per

15 Consorcio Bosque Tropical. 2008Protectora-productora de Caucho ( Colombia.16 Consorcio Bosque Tropical. 2008Protectora-productora de Caucho ( Colombia.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


hed on soils most devoid of vegetation, to favor ccelerating the rebuild of soil organic matter.

ll be planted, including timber and fruit trees, at a be planted but are not considered here for carbon acen, phosphorus, potassium and micorrizes will btures. It is worth noting, that emissions from fertiliEB and as such has been excluded from the meth

g.

on of the technology to be used for planting and mroved plan for its establishment and management.1

ction: Seedlings will come from a rubber clone Campesinos de Ure, in Spanish), who is benefiducted by FEDECAUCHO (Federacin Nacionast 4 different clones with appropriate performans from which 3 were selected by the farmers accies:IAN-873, IAN-710 and FX-386416. Seedlicks produced in the clone bank. In the nurseries,nitially. Out of these 36.000 stumps are then seletaining to the project.edling (no-tillage) will be practiced for planting in oill not be employed for site preparation. The planti

d at a distance of 3m x 2.8m from each other andarated from the other by 11m. Since existing treescomplish this density. In these cases, the spare seering planting, most of the original vegetation in plarcels will be delineated in the field, leaving spac plantation rows will be delineated in the field inition to sunlight and transplanting of stumps will o

proximated diameter of 40 cm and a depth of 60 crol measures will be taken at the moment of stad trees will be replaced during the following 2omogeneity of the plantation.the environmental conditions of the region, thghout the year. For this reason it is planned to cleanast during the first 3 years. Especially this will be

it the penetration of light to the seedlings. Also, d

. Plan de Establecimiento y Manejo Forestal para 1.500evea Brasiliensis ) en el Municipio de Ure, Departament


-PDD) - Version 04

r apid land cover and

5 x 5 cm of distance.counting. practiced for trees,

zation are considereddology and therefore

naging the species of 5 The technology can

e bank managed byciary of this project.l de Caucheros, ine under the regionalcording to their pastngs from the nursery90,000 seedlings per cted and transplanted

rder to reduce carbong density will be 550n double rows. Eachwill be not removed,lings will be plantedace to reduce carbone to adequate accessn E-W orientation toccur during the rainy. In order to preventmps production andonths after planted.

e weeds present anmanually the parcelsdone 1 m apart fromring early stages, the

a de plantacino de Crdoba.



18/85

CDM Executive Board


surrounding area of theheight, mechanical clea

transplanted, the new shmonths and afterwards,respectively. If branche be induced as it is impoas well as a short trunk extraction will initiateyear 5 and 6).The initiavoiding the rains and tand approximately ever the management plan anemissions from fertilizaexcluded from the meth

- Growth monitoring : Per

of them and therefore,DBH, height and obser these parcels. Survivingin 100% of the project a plots during the first 3 y

Activity 3: The detailed descriptthis activity is available in an ap be summarized as follows:

- Seedlings/cuttings prod region and from CVS sethe seeds will be treatesubstratum properly disiseeds/m2 will be plantetransplanted on humid ain the field when has rea

- Establishment : For theTectona grandis andmaterial will be transpor practiced for planting insite preparation. The plaof 3m x 3m from eachfire prevention and conaccomplish this density.During planting, most o parcels will be delineate plantation rows will b

17 Consorcio Bosque Tropical. 2008 protectora-productora as: 50 ha de(Tabebuia rosea ) en el predio Santa

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


eedling will be completely cleaned. When trees having of weeds will be done once or twice per year.

oots different to leaf buds will be cut every week monthly and bimonthly in the first and the ses have not grown naturally when the tree is 2-2.5tant to avoid tall crowns that make more vulnerablgets thicker faster obtaining precocity in the rubbehen at least 200 trees per hectare have reach 45ation of the rubber extraction should be done de defoliation season. The rubber will be extracted2 days. Fertilization with P, N, K will be practice

d according to the results of previous soil analysis. Iion are considered insignificant by the CDM EBdology and therefore do not require monitoring.anent parcels will be located into the plantation to

adjust accordingly the thinning and harvesting sation of morphological characteristics will be conwill be checked at the 3 months after the establishea. Later, every year, surviving will be monitored iars.

on of the technology to be used for planting and m proved plan for its establishment and management.1

ction : Seeds will be collected from existing foreed banks. Seedlings will be grown in nearby nurseto facilitate its germination. The seeds will be plnfected and with good capacity to retain water. B. Once the individuals have reached 3-8 cm of lod fertile soil contained in plastic bags. The seedling

ched 15-20 cm long.establishment of the plantation, seedling will beariniana pyriformis . For Tabebuia rosea , cuttingted to the project areas using animals. Direct seedliorder to reduce carbon losses and site burning willting density will be 1111 trees/cuttings per hectare,ther and in blocks of 10 ha maximum to facilitatetrol. Since existing trees will be not removed, sIn these cases, the spare seedlings will be planted

f the original vegetation in place to reduce carbon ld in the field, leaving space to adequate access tria

delineated in the field in an E-W orientation t

. Plan de establecimiento y manejo forestal para: 200 haeca (Tectona grandis ), 50 ha de abarco (Cariniana pyrifoclara y Campo Alegre, Municipio de Valencia, Departa

-PDD) - Version 04

e grown over 1 meter Once the seedling is

during the initial twocond and third year height, its grow willthe trees to the wind

r production. Rubber m of DBH (betweenring the dry seasonfor at least 30 yearsin doses specified in

t is worth noting, thatnd as such has been

follow up the growth

hedule. Measures of ucted periodically inent of the plantation permanent sampling

naging the species of 7 The technology can

sts/plantations in theies. For this purpose,anted in an adequatetween 800 and 1200ngitude, they will bes will be transplanted

used in the case of s will be used. Thisg (no-tillage) will benot be employed for planted at a distanceits managements andme parcels may notin the adjacent area.osses. The plantations between them. Theo maximize the tree

e plantacinrmis ) y 100 ha de robleento de Cordoba.


19/85

CDM Executive Board


exposition to sunlight. H be dug. In order to prev

plantation taking into acof the management pla planted. This will guara

- Maintenance : Due toaccelerated growth throyear and at least duringvolume to be commercigrowth stages (8-18 mo parts of the trunk and folatter will permit to eli pruning schedule mayenvironmental conditionyear 6 and 8) to elimin

trees which wood canconducted. Fertilization plan and according to thfertilization are consider methodology and theref

- Growth monitoring : Per of them and therefore,DBH, height and obser these parcels. Survivingin 100% of the project a plots during the first 3 y

A.5.5. Transfer of tech>>

Transfer of technology will spe plantations will be implementethese systems.. In this process,kind of plantations for cattle risi phases of project implementatioguidance and training.

In the rubber component farmer of seedlings. Complementarily(Consorcio Bosque Tropical) tLibertador. They will provide gaccording to the applicability co

Both, Consorcio Bosque Tropicfarmers where production, esConsorcio Bosque Tropical has planting rubber and timber speci

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


oles of an approximated diameter of 25 cm and a dent diseases and pests, control measures will be ta

count the most probable ones that may occur on th). All dead trees will be replaced during the folltee the homogeneity of the plantation.the environmental conditions of the region, thghout the year. For this reason it is plan to clean upthe first 3 years. Pruning will be practiced in order lized at the end of the rotation. Pruning will be caths of age) in order to eliminate branches and bif maintenance during the following stages and at theinate unproductive branches that can leave mar

be adjusted according to the development of s of the sites. Thinning will be practiced at an earlte defective trees and later at year 15 to extract 5

be commercialize. At year 25 harvesting of thewith P, N and K will be practiced in doses specifiee results of previous soil analysis. It is worth notined insignificant by the CDM EB and as such has bere do not require monitoring.anent parcels will be located into the plantation to

adjust accordingly the thinning and harvesting sation of morphological characteristics will be conwill be checked at the 3 months after the establishea. Later, every year, surviving will be monitored iars.

nology/know-how, if applicable:

cially be required in San Andres de Sotavento, Ch jointly with indigenous people and farmers whoORPOICA who leads this component because of

ng (i.e., silvopastoral systems) will involve the ind(production of seedlings, plantation and maintena

are already familiar with the technology, especialla third party with experience on reforestation actio guide the plantation of trees in Valencia, Moidance and will guarantee that the selected projectditions of the selected methodology (AR-AM0009)

al and CORPOICA have organized training work ablishment and maintenance technical aspects been in charge of carrying out these training acties (Ure and Valencia municipalities). These activiti

-PDD) - Version 04

pth of 25-30 cm willen at the moment of

is region (see chart 7wing 2 months after

e weeds present anthe parcels twice per to maximize the treeried out during earlyrcations in the lower 6-8 m of height. Thes on the trunk. Thethe trees under they stage (between the0% of the remaining

rest of trees will bed in the management, that emissions fromen excluded from the

follow up the growthhedule. Mesaures of ucted periodically inent of the plantation permanent sampling

inu and Chimawhereare not familiar withits experience in thisigenous people in allce) and will provide

with the productionities was contractedtelibano and Puertoareas will be planted.

shops oriented to thehave been covered.ities for the farmerss have been giving to


20/85

CDM Executive Board


various small groups of farmersheld training events for silvopa

related to nurseries establishmethese activities are available to v

Photo 4. Trainning for farmers of

A.5.6. Proposed measu>> Not applicable (according to the

A.6. Description of legal title tfor the proposed A/R CDM pr>>

Land Tenure:

The project takes place on privanationally protected reserves wi below.

Valencia: The reforestation wiFlorisanto and Santa Clara, owhave the legal tenure of their lan

INCORA (Instituto Colombianoissued by the Notarys office No.

Montelbano and Puerto Libedeeds that were obtained througthrough INCODER (Instituto Cwhich this land was given to eac

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


and directly to single farmers in their lands (phototoral systems beneficiaries. This has been focused

nt, maintenance and transplanting. Registration foalidators.

Ure municipality (rubber producers).

res to be implemented to minimize potential lea

selected methodology)

o the land, current land tenure and rights to tCE ject activity:

tely held land without land tenure issues. No areall be included as part of this project. Details about

th timber species in this area will be located oed by Rodolfo Flores Len and Juan Carlos Flor . These rights are supported legally by the resolutio

de Reforma Agraria, in Spanish) in 1986 and th. 2 of Monteria in 1986.

tador : About 250 farmers will plant rubber trees.a process of agrarian reform conducted by the C

lombiano de Desarrollo Rural). The respective nuof the participating farmers is available for validat

-PDD) - Version 04

4). CORPOICA hason technical aspects

rmats and photos of

age:

s / lCERs issued

nder natural parks or land titles are given

two farms, namedes, respectively, whon No. 0803 issued by

title deed No. 1468

ll of them have titlelombian government ber of resolution byon, if required.


21/85

CDM Executive Board


San Andres de Sotavento: Th

indigenous population by the Crecognized by INCODER (Instit Chinu, San Pelayo and Chimaavailable to validators.

Rights to tCERs:

San Andres de Sotavento : Theof tree and shrubs plantations inthe Zenu indigenous community.

Valencia, Montelbano, Chin

granted to the landowners whofront investment made by thisinvestment made by CVS that is

In addition, all farmers involvednon-wood forest products (i.e. r such products.

A.7. Assessment of the eligibil>>To assess the eligibility of land

demonstrate the eligibility of laEB35-Annex 18 are applied. Thelands.

(a) Demonstrate that the land at complete information

i. Forest thresholds: Th project is below the thtree crown of more thmaturityin situ )18.

Current lands are und

weeds with predominaare not highly produ( Bothriocloa pertusa)moderately degradedexcess of carrying cap

18 See Colombias minimum values

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


e land owned by the Zenu indigenous communit

lombian government. The Zenu possess the legal tto Colombiano de Reforma Agraria).

: Land is owned by small and medium farmers. Th

revenues from the sale of the tCERs resulting outSan Andres de Sotavento will be granted to the lan

, Chima, San Pelayo and Puerto Libertador :

ave agreed to transfer them to CVS in order to reinstitution. The tCERs value will represent only avaluated as US$4.3 million (NPV).

in either of the project components own the timber bber production), and have the legal right to harve

ty of the land:

involved in the proposed AR CDM project activit

ds for afforestation and reforestation project activitifollowing are the steps that provide evidence of eligib

the moment the project starts is not forest by provi

e vegetation present on the elected lands for the iresholds of the definition of forest by the host coun 30% with trees with the potential to reach a mini

r a degradation process and are dominated by spar

nce of bare soils in the most severely degraded areactive, e.g., Angleton grass ( Dichanthium aristaand smaller areas withPanicum maximum and Bareas. Unsustainable agricultural practices and pacity further aggravated the issue of land degradati

for forest (A/R projects): http://cdm.unfccc.int/DNA/AR

-PDD) - Version 04

ies was given to the

itle. Its legal status is

eir land titles will be

f the implementationd owners, in this case

The tCERs will be

burse part of the up-fraction of the total

and other woody andst and commercialize

y, the Procedures to

es (Version 1) fromle status of the project

ding transparent and

plementation of thetry (1.0 hectare withum height of 5 m at

se native grasses and

s. Introduced grassesum) and Colosuana rachiaria ssp. in thest cattle ranching inon. Tree components

NA.html?CID=49


22/85

CDM Executive Board


are very low in theulmifolia . Photographs

ii. The land is not cover reach without directheAlthough originally mcentury to open cropgrazing has been the plantations on the proj by the implementing iand data bases are in

iii. The land is not tempothe host country, as a

natural causes such as

The GIS coordinates a project land is unstockeand there has been not a

(b) Demonstrate that the activity

i. For reforestation pbelow the forest nati

forest definition under

To demonstrate that land was nthrough the use of LandSat ETmunicipalities of San Andrs dewere superimposed. Through thiselected by the project in 1987.

The work was carried out by CIaffecting the accuracy of resulclassification types were integraERDAS digital image procesunsupervised, and mixed. The v

Before that, it was necessary totaking the following parameters

Date of acquisition. The im Spatial resolution. This res

working scale established in Cloud cover. Selected imag Cost. Free images available

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


rea with only occasional presence of Crescentiawill be available to the DOE at the time of validati

ed by young natural stands or plantations whicht human intervention the thresholds adopted for

host ost of the area was covered by forest, the land wand pastureland. Since then and as explained in sain use in this region. This explains the inexisten

ect lands, which was demonstrated through a recentnstitutions where current land cover was verified.nnex 8.

arily unstocked, for a period consistent with commresult of either direct human intervention such as

fire or insect damage.

d the data base created by a recent field surveyd due to its occupation with permanent pastures ay forest at least since 1987 (see numeral b).

is a reforestation or afforestation project activity

oject activities, demonstrate that on 31 Decembenal thresholds (crown cover, tree height and mindecision 11/CP.7 as communicated by the respectiv

ot forest in 1989 the land cover in the State of C+ satellite images dating of 1987 and the areas of Sotavento, Chinu, Chima, Valencia, Montelibanos procedure it was concluded that there was no for

AT applying a simplified methodology to reduce tits of the classification. In order to characterizeed: automatic and visual classification. The formeing software. Automatic classifications weresual classification used ArcView GIS and the eCog

carry out a study of available satellite images fonto account:

ges must have an acquisition date equal to or less tholution must allow the determination of land covethe project, which varies from 1:75,000 to 1:250,00s must have minimal cloud cover for the study area.on the internet and/or in the database of CIAT were

-PDD) - Version 04

cujete and Guaziman.

have the potential todefinition of forest by

country. as cleared in the lastction A.4.1.5., cattlee of young stands or field inspection madeThe GIS coordinates

on forest practices inarvesting or indirect

demonstrate that thed some annual crops

1989, the land wasimum land area) for e DNA.

rdoba was classifiednterest located in thend Puerto Libertador est cover on the land

me and costs withoutland coverage, two

r was generated withade as supervised,ition software.

the area of interest,

an the year 1989.age according to the

0..sought.


23/85

CDM Executive Board


To cover the total area of the De

and processed. The characterisfollowing table:

Table 6. Summary of cCHARACTERISTICS

Satellite Images LAcquisition Date

Path 10 Row 54Path 10 Row 55Path 9 Row 54Path 9 Row 55

JJ

Number of Bands

S

3

3

1

Spatial Resolution

25

1

Corrections

Coordinate System z

Once the images were processeState of Crdoba. The intentiodepartment, for purposes of subserious geometric deformities.throughout the image is homoadequately selected ensuring thaextent possible, the change was

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


artment of Crdoba with satellite images, four ima

tics of images selected for project development a

aracteristics of images used in the projectDESCRIPTION

andSat, Sensor ETM+

arch 21, 1987arch 21, 1987nuary 31, 1987nuary 30, 1987

even (7):

visible bands (1 red, 1 green, 1 blue)

visible in infrared (1 near, 1 in the middle, and1 in the thermal

panchromatic band8.5 meters on visible band and near and middle infrared7 meters on thermal band

5 meters for panchromatic band

adiometric and Geometric

TM projection UTM, Ellipsoid reference WGS84, Reference done 18 North

and defined, a mosaic was created with the four sof the mosaic creation was to obtain one singlesequent classification. The image generated was of It is in agreement with the zones vector infor enous. To avoid jagged effects, the cutting lineseach pair of images could be joined in a uniformot noticeable, thereby reducing deformities along t

-PDD) - Version 04

ges were downloaded

e summarized in the

wavelength)

atum WGS84,

atellite images of theimage of the entirehigh quality with noation, and the color of each image wereanner and that, to thee edges (Figure 5).


24/85

CDM Executive Board


Figure 5. Mosaic ge

To improve the spatial resolutmultispectral image. The principdigital values of the pixels. As a

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


erated from four satellite images, combination of ban

ion of the images, the panchromatic image wasal components and the nearest neighbor method weresult, 15-meter resolution images were obtained (Fi

-PDD) - Version 04

ds 5-4-3.

combined with thee used modifying thegure 6).


25/85

CDM Executive Board


Figure 6. LandSat ETM+ Imagith a 28.5 meter resolution.

resolu

As mentioned above, the methoautomatic pixel-to-pixel classificclassification of actual and poten

Figure 7. Basic land u

Different types of classificationsdecision-making rules and para

19 Emilio Chuvieco. Fundamentos d20 Thomas M. Lillesand and Ralph

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


. Bands 5-4-3, projected as R-G-B, respectively. Left,ight, combined image (multispectral and panchromation. The boxes show the heterogeneity of classes.

ology used to characterize land coverage was baseation19 and visual classification,20 based on varioustial land use carried out by CVS. (Figure 7).

se information for the study area and detection of lan

Supervised, Unsupervised, and Mixedwere pr eters for the classification: maximum probability,

e Teledeteccin Espacial. 1996. Kiefer. Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. 200

-PDD) - Version 04

multispectral imageic) with a 15 meter

on a fusion betweensources, for example,

coverage

duced, with differentahalanobis distance,

0


26/85

CDM Executive Board


and minimum distance, in order The best result was obtained by

selected points belonging to a k better the match between the ranclassification.

Once the automatic classificatieliminate the scattered pixelsclassifications were generatedworked on would have a total gr

The non-automated interventionModification of Edges. The produced a considerably segme possible because the study area

areas of land with the same chthem. This stage was supportedwhich integrates parameters sucthese segments depend on the sel preceded by an image of vegetati

Once the automatic and visual cl1987 in the municipalities of intChinu, Chima, and Puerto Liberespective areas were forested atareas were indeed not forested in

All imagery and analyses of ima

21 ECOGNITION. Understanding thttp://www.definiens-imaging.com/

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


to establish which of them best reflected the realitymixed classification. This was confirmed by sup

own coverage class with the results of the differendomly selected points and the classes, the less devi

on of the image was defined, a salt-and-peppethat remained within the classes. Therefor

ith grouping windows of 3X3 each, i.e., the finauping of 9X9 pixels.

or visual classification consisted of the Manualiversity of coverages present in the image and tted classification; hence the polygon grouping wasas types of grouped or generally sector-specific cr

racteristics; for project purposes, no discriminatio by a segmentation performed by eCognition digitaas form, color, texture, and scale.21 It should be

ected scale or level of detail and that the images seon indexes.

assification stage was completed, the coverage corr erest (i.e., San Andrs de Sotavento, Valencia, Montador) was determined, resulting in the informatiothat time (Figures 2, 3, 4 and 8). Figures 2, 3 and 41987.

ery will be available to the DOE at time of validati

e power of eCognition Professional.

ecognition/pro/tour.htm

-PDD) - Version 04

of the land coverage.erimposing randomly

t classifications. Theation there was in the

filter was used to, three consecutivel classification to be

nion of Polygon andheir respective areasnecessary. This was

ops, comprising large

was needed amongl processing softwareoted that the sizes of gmentation should be

esponding to the year telibano, San Pelayo,n whether or not theshow that the project

n, if required.


27/85

CDM Executive Board


Figure 8. Classifi

A.8. Approach for addressing>>The project chose to use the issu by the proposed A/R CDM proj44 of CDM A/M Modalities anthe renewal of the crediting per already signed: One agreementsigned between the BioCarbon Fsigned between CVS and the pro

From the project design persp permanent attention and managand to comply with the legallyaccordance to the economic cofeasible. Thus, tree species wer who need a source of cash flo

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


ation of Coverages for 1987 in the Department of C

non-permanence:

ance of tCER for the net anthropogenic GHG remoct activity since the project start date, in accordancProcedures. This reflects the commitment of pro

iod (20 yr). Also this commitment is reflected in letween project proponents: CIAT, CVS and COR und and the project proponents; and multiple long-t

ject beneficiaries.

ctive, the project has chosen long-term rotationment in order to be able to be exploited throughoinding agreements abovementioned. Also, speciesstrains of each type of participant to ensure that tchosen based on cash flow restrictions. For exain the short-term, rubber was selected in order t

-PDD) - Version 04

doba.

als by sinks achievedwith paragraphs 41

ponents by acceptingong-term agreementsOICA; an agreementerm agreements to be

species that demandt the rotation periodhas been selected iney are economically

ple, for smallholders provide a source of


28/85

CDM Executive Board


income after the fifth year of systems and encourages benefic

can remain productive beyond 4do not expect immediate econ productive at year 16, were choselected this system since permflows. However these benefits pastures and forage shrubs arecare of the system in the long-tonly estimated for the trees (ansuch community is committedsigned agreements.

A.9. Estimated amount of net

period:>>

Table 7 presents the TARAM-bthe AR CDM project.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


eing planted. This ensures the economic sustainaaries to give proper maintenance to the plantation,

0 years. For those beneficiaries that have another omic benefits from plantations, timber speciessen. With respect to the silvopastoral systems, thet to increase their dairy production and therefore,ill only be maintained in time as long-term rotatioaintained and properly managed. This encourages

erm. Also it is worth noting, that carbon removalsnot for shrubs) -which will only be exploitable

o maintain in order to comply with the requirem

nthropogenic GHG removals by sinks over the c

ased estimates of ex ante net anthropogenic GHG

-PDD) - Version 04

bility of these forestthat if well-managed

ource of income andhat will start to bendigenes communitytheir short-term cashn species mixed with beneficiaries to takefor this system werefter 30 years, and asents specified in the

hosen crediting

removals by sinks of


29/85

CDM Executive Board


Table 7. Net anthropogeni

Year

Estimation oaseline net

GHG removay sinks (tonn

of CO 2 e)

12345678910111213141516171819

20Total(tonnesof CO2 e)

A.10. Public funding of the pr>> No funding is expected fromKyoto Protocol for implement

SECTION B. Duration of the

B.1 Starting date of the propo>>1 July 2008 is the starting dateCORPOICA and Consorcio Bos

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


G HG removals by sinks

ss

Estimation of actual net GHG

removals bysinks (tonnes of

CO 2 e)

Estimationof leakage(tonnes of

CO 2 e)

0 354.02 00 4,892.85 00 16,934.25 00 34,353.99 00 61,423.34 00 73,714.39 00 77,953.20 00 66,242.74 00 70,652.19 00 73,154.13 00 66,322.71 00 69,802.38 00 66,777.89 00 64,621.45 00 62,402.77 00 56,751.61 00 52,922.61 00 28,456.60 00 52,323.73 0

0 50,776.45 0

posed A/R CDM project activity:

Official Development Assistance and any Aing the project.

project activity / crediting period

ed A/R CDM project activity and of the creditin

of the proposed A/R CDM project activity. The coue tropical, who are the implementers, are availabl

-PDD) - Version 04

stimation of netanthropogenicHG removals bysinks (tonnes of

CO 2 e)

354.024,892.85

16,934.2534,353.9961,423.3473,714.3977,953.2066,242.7470,652.1973,154.1366,322.7169,802.3866,777.8964,621.4562,402.7756,751.6152,922.6128,456.6052,323.73

50,776.451,050,833

nex I Party of the

g period:

ntract duly signed bye to DOE as well as a


30/85

CDM Executive Board


signed document proven whencrediting period of 20 years und

and will end on 30 June 2028.B. 2. Expected operational life>>60 years

B.3 Choice of crediting period

B.3.1. Length of the re>>20 years with two renewal perio

B.3.2. Length of the fi>> N/A

SECTION C. Application of a

C.1. Title and reference of theproposed A/R CDM project ac>>The approved methodology Adegraded land allowing for silvo

C.2. Assessment of the applicaCDM project activity and justi>>The proposed AR CDM projemethodology and its CO2 removas follows:

Lands to be reforestedcarbon steady state witfound that all lands cosection A.7.).

Therefore, encroachmecontinuing soil degradat

predominant land use i period which evidencesMost likely, it will not cand more profitable landcontinue to degrade. Tcarbon stocks in the car determination of the bas

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


aterials were given to beneficiaries for project impr the renewable crediting period option has the sta

time of the proposed A/R CDM project activity:

:

ewable crediting period (in years and months), i

s for a total of 60 years.

ed crediting period (in years and months), if sele

n approved baseline and monitoring methodolog

approved baseline and monitoring methodologyivity:

R-AM0009 / Version 04 entitled Afforestationastoral activities will be applied to these project a

bility of the selected approved methodology to thfication of the choice of the methodology:

ct activity meets each of the applicability condials and GHG emissions can be assessed using the s

re currently subject to degradation and are expectout human intervention. This is confirmed in secti ply with the requirement of not being a forest sin

t of natural forest vegetation is very unlikelyon due to prevalent farming practices. As describe

extensive grazing. This has been maintained sinthat this land use form is deeply rooted in the culange unless land use change is highly promoted byuse alternatives. Thus, by maintaining the baselineerefore, the baseline approach 22(a) (existing or on pools within the project boundary) is the mostline scenario.

-PDD) - Version 04

ementation, The firstting date 1 July 2008

f selected:

cted:

applied to the

or reforestation ontivities.

e proposed A/R

ions of the selectedelected methodology,

d to remain in a lowon A.7 where it wasce 31 Dec. 1989 (see

to occur because of in section A.5.1, the

ce the post-Hispanicure of local farmers.additional incentives

scenario the land willhistorical changes in ppropriate choice for


31/85

CDM Executive Board


Lands will be reforestedThis will avoid signific

CO2 emissions fromassociated with site prepoccasion.

Flooding irrigation or dr As allowed by the selec

providing at least the saThus, there will not be s

Manure from cattle will burned.

Biomass burning will no

C.3. Assessment of the selectethe proposed CDM project act

>>Table 8. Selected carbon poolsCarbon Pools Selected

(answeryes or no)

Above ground YesBelow ground YesDead wood NoLitter NoSoil organic carbon No

The soil carbon pool was exclud

GHG removals by the project acforested lands since at least 1987 permits to infer that these paconsequence there will not be asoil. Also as described in the banet loss of soil organic carbon onext 10 years in the region (CVS Also, soil carbon will not decrereduce the degradation of soilvegetative land cover. In additioas more organic matter will be isame sense, dead wood and litter

The selected project area is und processes. These are degradatio

22 CVS. 2004. Diagnstico AmbientLocalizacin y Situacin Ambiental

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


by direct planting or seeding in the proposed A/R nt longer term net decreases of soil carbon stocks

soil. When soil may be compacted, ploughinaration for planting will not exceed 10% of the pro

ainage will not be used in project plantations.ed methodology, grazing can occur in some arease amount of goods and services as in the absenceifting of pre-project activities.remain in the field. Then, the manure will not b

t occur during site preparation

carbon pools and emission sources of the approvity:

for the proposed CDM project activity

ithJustification / Explanation

Major carbon pool subjected to the projectMajor carbon pool subjected to the projectConservative approach under applicabilityConservative approach under applicabilityConservative approach under applicability

ed as a conservative measure since its exclusion will

ivity. As shown in section A.7 the lands to be refoand the current land cover is pastures with sparse nsturelands will not regenerate to forest in they increment on biomass and therefore any increm

seline scenario (section C.5.1) further land degradaf at least 1t C/ha-y which could total approximatel,2004)22.

se with the project activity since the plantation of s by erosion and compaction caused by grazingn, the establishment of tree species will imply an acorporated to the systems as roots and coarse andcarbon pools were conservatively excluded too.

er degradation process as shown by its reduced plindicators suggested by the Tool for the identifi

al de la Cuenca Hidrogrfica del Ro Sin Versin 01. D. Montera. Colombia

-PDD) - Version 04

CDM projet activity.or increases of non-

/ripping/scarification ject area during each

f the project activityf the project activity/

e collected, stored or

ed methodology to

activityactivityconditionconditioncondition

reduce the actual net

ested have been non-ative vegetation. Thiscrediting period. Inent on C input to theion would result in a1 million t C in the

trees and shrubs willand lack of proper

dditional source of Cine necromass. In the

nt cover and erosionation of degraded or

limitacin, Extensin,


32/85

CDM Executive Board


degrading lands for considera photographs (photo 1-3) show d

Photo 1. Degrading lands in San

Photo 2. Degrading lands in Vale

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


ion in implementing CDM A/R project activitgrading lands with reduced plant cover and soil ero

ndres de Sotavento ith reductions on plant cover an

cia, showing soil erosion patterns caused by livestock

-PDD) - Version 04

ies. The followingion processes.

d erosion processes.

keeping


33/85

CDM Executive Board


Photo 3. Open lands in Ure.

C.4. Description of strata iden>>Following the stratification stepidentified by defining pre-exisactivities (project strata). Thecombined to obtain the finaldetermined for the with-projectResultant stratification is shown

Baseline was stratified accordimethodology. Thus, two baselifactor. It is worth mentioning,variables such as soil type, landdefined based on project plantinaccount the variability of enviro

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


tified using the ex ante stratification:

of the selected methodology, eight strata were deting conditions (baseline strata) and the planne pre-existing conditions and the with-project acti x ante stratification for the project activities.scenarios (stratum P1-P6) and two for the baselinein Table 9.

g to area of major vegetation types as recommene strata were determined being the baseline landthat land cover is a result of the combination of se and climate. This is clearly showed in table 9. T/management plans (tree species and forest systemmental variables (soils, land use and climate).

-PDD) - Version 04

ermined. These wereA/R CDM project

ity conditions werehus, six strata were(stratum B1 and B2).

nded by the selectedover the determinantother environmental

he project strata weretype) and taking into


34/85

CDM Executive Board

FOR AFFORESTATION AND

Table 9. Ex-ante stratificationPre-existing conditi

Temperature(mean annual

temperature, C)Land Use Soil

taxonomyHoldridglife zone

27C

Extensive and low productivity cattle

grazingOxisols Moist Fores

Extensive and low productivity cattle

grazing and marginalagriculture

Vertisols,Mollisols Dry Fores

23 Extracted from CVS (2004) and field verifications

UNFCCC/CCNUCC

PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORMREFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-AR-PDD) - Vers

34/85

ons 23 Planned AR

Land CoverPrecipitation(mean annual

precipitation, mm)

BaselineStratum

Descripiton

t

pastures with 6.2 td.m ha- 1 andsparse native

vegetation

1400-1600

B1

Plantation of Cariniana pyriformiss

Plantation of Tabebuiarosea

Plantation of Tectona grandis

1800-3500Rubber tree plantations

pastures with 2.3 td.m ha- 1 and cash

crops (maize)1300 B2

Timber species plantations assisted

with shrubs(75%timber, 25% fruit

trees)

Timber species plantations assisted

with shrubs (25%timber, 75% fruit trees)

ion 0

CDM

Mu

M

Munde S


35/85

CDM Executive Board


The strata boundaries were delieach stratum is spatially identifi

are shown in figures 2, 3, andland use and owner ID, are avail

C.5 . Identification of the basel

C.5.1. Description of tbaseline scenario (separately f >>Once the eligibility and the bouCombined tool to identify theactivities was used for definingof the project activity. Accordiscenario:

- Preliminary scre- Identification of - Barrier analysis

Below each of these steps are de

STEP 0. Preliminary screenin

1 July 2008 is the starting date oConsorcio Bosque Tropical and plans and of planting the trees, beneficiaries. This documentatiocontract auditors are available,strata.

The revenues from the sale of decision to proceed with the prothe decision to implement theframework. The proponents cogoing to be presented to the DO partnership to reduce GHG emicorporate documentation are goi

STEP 1. Identification of alter

Sub-step 1a. Identify credible al Taking into account existingobservations, three alternative la

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


eated based on the project boundaries previouslyd and available with its respective GIS coordinates.

. Maps and databases containing land owner nam ble to the DOE at the validation stage.

ine scenario:

he application of the procedure to identify the mr each stratum defined in C.4.):

daries of the project lands were defined, the most baseline scenario and demonstrate additionality ithe most plausible baseline scenario and to demonsng to this the following steps were followed to d

ening based on the starting date of the A/R project aalternative scenarios

eloped in detailed:

based on the starting date of the A/R project act

the proposed A/R CDM project activity. There areCORPOICA who are in charge of formulating thaccording to the agreements made between projecn is available to the DOE at the moment of validatihere it is evidenced the moment the plantation act

reenhouse Gas (GHG) emission reductions playedect activity. The project proponents, CVS, CORP project activity in response to the incentives pr firmed their project support through written doc

E at validation stage. In this documentation is explissions and obtain the associated incentives. Officig to be added.

ative land use scenarios to the proposed A/R CD

ternative land use scenarios to the proposed CDM

environmental diagnostics, land use managemd use scenarios are identified:

-PDD) - Version 04

delineated. ThereforeThe delineated strata

e, land area, baseline

st plausible

recent version of then A/R CDM projecttrate the additionalitytermine the baseline

ctivity

ivity

signed contracts withe forest managementt proponents and theon. Also reports fromivities started in each

a decisive role in theICA and CIAT, took

ovided by the CDMmentation, which is

cit the interest of thisal, legal and/or other

M project activity

roject activity

ent plans and field


36/85

CDM Executive Board


o Alternative 1 : Th

agriculture, and theo Alternative 2 : Agrof o Alternative 3 : Com

Alternative 1: Current vegetatiowith predominance of bare soils productive, e.g., Angleton grassmaller areas with Panicum max The land cover is related to theindicated that of the 2.5Mha of degraded pastures while there a

Savannah is much larger and shis estimated to reduce income ge

This situation is applicable to t predominant land use in the pr description was conducted, the tverifications.

In addition, in strata 4 thereirregularly over the territory. Thand semi-permanent crops such(Caryca papaya ).

Alternative 2 . Silvopastoral systResearch Station of CORPOIChas tried to promote its adoptitechnological package consistinallow grazing by providing bettsuitable for non-acidic soils as ulikely alternative for baseline str

Alternative 3. There are in the

24 Consorcio Bosque Tropical. 2008Protectora-productora de Caucho ( Colombia.Consorcio Bosque Tropical. 2008.P productora as: 50 Ha de Teca (Tect (Tabebuia rosea ) en el predio SantaColombia.Alcalda Municipal de Valencia. 20Alcalda Municipal de Montelibano.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


e lands continue to be used for extensive graz

oil degradation process advances (Status Quo)orestry and silvopastoral systems without a CDM pr ercial tree plantations without a CDM project

in the degraded areas is dominated by sparse natiin the most severely degraded areas. Introduceds ( Dichanthium aristatum ) and Colosuana ( Bothmum and Brachiaria ssp . in the moderately degrade

se of the land for extensive grazing. Recent inventland in the State of Cordoba, at least 200,000 here 100,000 hectares of severely degraded areas.

ws similar patterns of degradation. This worseninneration in the region at a rate of approx. 20M US$

e two baseline strata since cattle raising and marg ject area according to the forest manangement plrritorial ordering plans (land use plans) for the mu

is marginal agriculture which includes subsistee main crops are rice (Oryza sativa ), corn ( Zea maas plantain (Musa paradisiaca ), cassava (Manihot

ms adapted to the local context were successfully pas a mechanism to promote the technology and wn in some farms of the Cordoba region. CORP

g in tree plantations assisted by shrubs to reverseer food sources for cattle. According to CORPOIses species that are not tolerant for low pH conditiota 1 only.

Cordoba department, commercial tree plantations


an de Establecimiento y Manejo Forestal para: 200 Ha dna grandis ), 50 Ha de Abarco (Cariniana pyriformis ) yClara y Campo Alegre, Municipio de Valencia, Departa

2. Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial. Municipio de Vale. 2002. Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial Municipio de V

-PDD) - Version 04

ing and/or marginal

oject

e grasses and weedsrasses are not highlyiocloa pertusa ) andd areas.

ories from CVS havetares are moderatelyhe entire Caribbean

g in land degradation per year.

nal agriculture is thens where a contexticipalities24 and field

ce crops distributed s) y other permanent sculenta ) and papaya

roved at the Turipanaith particular projectsICA developed this

soil degradation andA, this alternative isns, and therefore is a

and particularly the


Plantacin Protectora-100 Ha de Roble

ento de Cordoba.

cia Crdoba.alencia Crdoba..


37/85

CDM Executive Board


Valencia municipality, wheremunicipality extension- with ti

these has been planted using theAgriculture since 1994 and thr

PDD Caribbean Savannah Project

Documents

Transcript of PDD Caribbean Savannah Project