PCI Express* 2.0 Platform Implementations
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Transcript of PCI Express* 2.0 Platform Implementations
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PCI Express* 2.0Platform ImplementationsMahesh WaghIntel CorporationMember, PCIe Protocol Workgroup
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Today’s TopicsPCIe* Architecture Overview
PCIe 2.0 Update
Future of PCIe Architecture
Call to Action
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Signaling bump to 5GFLR, completion TO, etc
Address Translation Services (ATS)Device sharing for Single/Multi-Root (SR/MR)
Performance/power-optimized interface to hostProtocol and SW extensions
New Extensions
IOV
PCIe 2.0
Today’s Focus
PCIe Architecture Overview
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PCIe 2.0 Update5GT/s Speed Increase
Link Speed ManagementLink Bandwidth Notification MechanismFunction Level Reset (FLR)Access Control Services (ACS)Completion Timeout Control
Retracted: Trusted Configuration Space (TCS)
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PCIe 2.0 (5G)Tight budgets remove all guard bands!All interconnect components specified for enhanced interoperability
PCIe 1.0a: TransmitterPCIe 1.1: PCIe 1.0a + Reference ClockPCIe 2.0: PCIe 1.1 + Channel + Receiver
CEM specification provides electrical interoperability for system board/add-in card
Channel
Transmitter ReceiverPLL PLLTxpins
Rxpins
Coupling caps
ReferenceClock
100MHz
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PCIe 2.0 LTSSM ExtensionsExtensions Explanation Benefits
Speed Negotiation Capability to upgrade or downgrade link speed
RAS (improved link uptime), dynamic link speed optimization, power savings (25%+)
Compliance Speed Programmable as well as in-band mechanism to select compliance pattern speed
Flexibility to perform compliance testing at multiple speeds with low cost
Electrical Idle Entry and Exit
Protocol changes to facilitate circuit design
Enhanced robustness, yield, power savings, ease of design (TTM)
Link Width Up-configure
Capability to increase the link width up to the initial trained link width
Power savings
Compliance Entry/Exit
Device Configuration despite link failures
High availability, enhanced robustness
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Link Speed ManagementDefault: Trains to the greatest common speed
Software can set an upper bound on the speedHardware can limit speed for link reliability
Hardware is permitted to change the speed autonomously
E.g.: Power managementSoftware can disable
New mechanism supporting software control for entering/exiting Compliance Mode
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Link Speed ControlsLink Capability register
Maximum Link Speed field renamed to
Supported Link SpeedsLink Status register
Link Speed field renamed to Current
Link Speed(New) Link Control 2
registerHardware Autonomous
Speed Disable bitEnter Compliance bit
Target Link Speed field
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Bandwidth NotificationMechanism for PCIe-aware software to be notified when link bandwidth changes
E.g.: Link retrains to a lower bandwidth due to reliability problemE.g.: Hardware-autonomous link retraining
Logically coupled with Link Speed ManagementRequired for all Root Ports and downstream Switch Ports that support wider than x1 and/or multiple link speeds
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BW Notification MechanismLink Capability register
Link Bandwidth Notification Capability bit
Link Control registerLink Autonomous
Bandwidth Interrupt Enable bit
Link Bandwidth Management Interrupt
Enable bitHardware Autonomous
Width Disable bitLink Status register
Link Autonomous Bandwidth Status bit
Link Bandwidth Management Status bit
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Function Level ResetNew type of reset
Existing resets may (but not required to) reset function internalsFLR definition requires function internal reset
SW initiated function-specific reset
RESET “FAMILY TREE”
FLRConventional
Cold / Warm(PERST#)
HotS.B.R.
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FLR DetailsEndpoints only
All types: Legacy, native, integrated
Register interface simpleImplementation and effects potentially complex
Resets internal function-specific state
Not all architected registers are reset
Hardware initialized (HwInit), BIOS set, etc
F0 F1 F2PCIe EPs
FLR
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Access Control ServicesFor downstream ports and multi-function devicesNew Extended Capability and Status/Mask/Severity bits in AERSource validation
Downstream ports range check Requester ID BusNum in upstream Request TLPs
Peer-to-peer controlsDetermine whether to forward directly, block, or redirect peer-to-peer requests to the RC for access validation
ACS considered for functionality defined by the Address Translation Services (ATS) specification
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Completion TimeoutRequired: Architected Disable Bit
“Turns off” timeoutNot to be used in normal operation
Optional: Completion Timeout Programmability
Devices indicate supported ranges from the four bins definedTwo selectable ranges for each bin
4s to 64s
250ms to 4s10ms
to 250ms50us
to 10ms
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Future Of PCI Express Architecture
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Factors Driving PCIe FutureMulti-Everything!
CPUs, multi-core, operating systemsDevice virtualization and sharingMultiple graphics cards
Higher PerformanceNext generation graphics, storage, networking, and fabricsEmerging applications: Math, visualization, content processing, etcNeed for more connectivity: Flexible interconnect width/speedLower power
Technology AdvancesSi processHigh volume manufacturingMaterials
PCIe is the interconnect of choice
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OS+LIB/APIs
OS Bus Driver, Cfg, PM, RAS
Link
Applications SW
Device Driver
Math
Visualization
Content Proc.
Signaling Speed Upgrade
Power State Management
BW, Latency and Efficiency
Synch. and Data Exchange
Protocol
Physical
General IO
Communication
OS
PCI SW Model
Device I/F
Apps
PCIe
PCIe Architecture Evolution
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Call To ActionInnovate and differentiate your products with PCI Express 2.0 industry specification
Contribute to the evolution of PCI Express architecture
Visit www.pcisig.com for PCI Express specification updates
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Additional ResourcesWeb Resources: www.pcisig.com
Related Sessions SYS-T311 – PCI I/O Virtualization Standards – Implementation